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REPORT 

lA of the 

‘FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE 

CHURCHES OF CHRIST 
IN AMERICA 


1920-1924 


Edited by 
SAMUEL McCrea CAVERT 





FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES 
OF CHRIST IN AMERICA 
NEW YORK 


1925 


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CONTENTS 


Page 
PACE LACE Se tiche 8 G5 CORNY deece PORT ONG OE POT Hate hie at atti 5 
PART I 
THE SPIRIT AND IDEALS OF THE FEDERATED CHURCHES 
The Significance of the Atlanta. Quadrennial®,...........0.0+:0e6 9 
Samuel McCrea Cavert 
ne Apdivasipilityson ine pC hurciiet Lilie (ue oe iiee M,C UT the 14 
Robert E. Speer 
Bight iromethe hast. Ton tne. Churcha LOUAY. 4 Wen vsk s eleva ics wereins 16 
S. Parkes Cadman 
more opirituals Value, Of7 Cooperation eavsin bea. fie: 200 Mak ny es Le 20 
C. B. Wilmer 
What Church Cooperation Means toa Layman ............0...0.- 24 
M. M. Davies 
How the Federal Council Can Best Serve the Churches.......... 26 
Thornton Whaling 
Rockwell H. Potter 
Carl E. Milliken ; 
Eyangelism iand. Education Inseparable. .....cec30'. eeieds ates a eds hie 29 
Henry H. Sweets 
de DOC bask /Ofs the .CHUrCh In PAMELICA. emote saute ee she ale 35 
. Francis J. McConnell 
fe Church -andsiWorld i Peace)! seca rae BS eon Ot Rae 41 


William E. Sweet 
William Jennings Bryan 
Florence E. Allen 
James T. Shotwell 


The American Churches and the Japanese Exclusion Act......... 47 
Cyrus E. Woods 
A. K. Reischauer 


The Present Crisis in European Protestantism .................5- 52 
Adolf Keller 


PART II 
THE PLATFORM AND POoLiciIEs OF THE FEDERAL COUNCIL 
Future Policies in Cooperative Work .............eee eee eee eeees 59 
(Report of Committee on Policy) 
eRe TOe THOM MTEC NOS (ict Seeded ta - ols yt alee pinta p=! \e soe yo elp sun ¢ 0. App = 71 
Messave to tue Ghurches of Other Lands. oe ei cee cence ns 75 
Program of the Federated Churches for a Warless World........ 76 


A Program of Applied Brotherhood in Race Relations............ 82 


CONTENTS—(Continued) 


PART III 

Tue Work OF THE FEDERAL CoUNCIL FROM 1920 To 1924 u 
age 
Review: of | the Federal: Council's’, Service oss... ssin'ye ose cee alee sot te 87 
Commission’ on Councils: of Churches 0 po... ecce nae meee em rene 101 
Commission on Evangelism and Life Service .............-eceee. 105 
Commission '.on ‘Christian: Education} icy. cs ics ee cle rie ares eet 111 
Commission on the Church and Social Service ................s- 114 
Commission (on T eniperance ty Me MLL eh ee pie eters eee 123 
Commission on the Church and Race Relations ................... 125 
Commission on International Justice and Goodwill ................ 134 
Commission on Relations with Religious Bodies in Europe......... 147 
Department: of Research’ and) Bducation iwiil.)...0. eae ee ae 163 
Committee on Relations with Eastern Churches .................. 170 
Committee on Religious Work on the Canal Zone ................ gel 
Committee on the War and the Religious Outlook ............... 174 
General Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains ............... 177 
Editorial’; Council: ofthe Religious: Press aii). bo, So oe ete 188 
Hugtienot-Walloon \Tercentenary (02. 6). sade wale fede enka cess 189 
Washington Committee ........ Weslo eae lets 6 ecitel oC SUN dimen Seka Seen see cias 196 
Western: Committee i covers amie tate m 6 ead ef ole ca iemee ataec natant seem 200 

Statements of Affiliated, Consultative and Cooperating Bodies 

Home Missions ‘Council Woes acne ac). enolate Manan ciate Pec erent 203 
Council! of); Women: for’ Home: Missions (ouvir eiaisuen ee ciate ose 205 
Federation of Woman’s Boards of Foreign Missions ........... 208 
Gouncil of Church (Boardsiarimducation i iace wenicece tien ce eueee 210 
American Bible Soctety i) sale ainy delice ee he et nae ea 212 

International Committee of the Young Men’s Christian Associa- 
CLOTS foie sto's alae 2 whole WLU ALU auaaerl IMR YAt ig ark cg te aR 215 
National Board of the Young Women’s Christian Associations.. 219 
Committee on Cooperation in Latin America .................. 222 
Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign Missions ........... 228 

PART IV 


RECORDS OF THE QUADRENNIUM 


Minutes of Joint Meeting of the Executive and the Administrative 


Committee, ;/December S19 24.r nn es bias de Og cian See 233 
Minutes of Quadrennial Meeting, December 3-9, 1924.............. Pa Y 
Report\of the Credentials; Committees. Yasue d. U8 ane eek eneen 271 


Minutes of Meeting of Executive Committee, December 9, 1924.... 283 
Digest of Minutes of Executive Committee during Quadrennium.... 284 
Digest of Minutes of the Administrative Committee during 1924.... 302 


Report of the: Board\of) Binancesaage tee Ohh na seo nr rene 324 
Report of the Treasurer ...... AMIS ONE shored ei tin cle sidtcle Mewes CNP eo aa 
APPENDICES 
I. Act of Incorporation, Plan of Federation and By-Laws........ 343 


{I, Personneljof' the Conncil os aewa cieae ek coe ee 350 


PREFACE 
e 


HIS volume is an interpretation and a rec- 
| ord of the work of the Federal Council 
of the Churches of Christ in America from 
1920-1924 as reviewed at the Quadrennial Meet- 
ing of the Council at Atlanta, Ga., December 
3-9, 1924. Taken in connection with the state- 
ments made by other cooperating bodies, this re- 
port is a most: important survey of the inter- 
denominational movement in the Churches. 

The material presented in Part I constitutes 
an interpretation of the spirit and aims of the 
federated Churches as presented by distinguished 
speakers at the Atlanta meeting. It is greatly 
regretted that limits of space forbid the printing 
of more than a few of the many inspiring ad- 
dresses and necessitate the printing of those few 
in greatly abbreviated form. 

Part II includes the official messages issued by 
the Council. Part III consists of reports of the 
various commissions of the Council, and Part IV 
is a record of the proceedings. 


het d's al Gon 


CONSTITUENT BODIES 


of the 
FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


IN AMERICA 


Created in 1908 by the official action of the denominations, 


in order “more fully to manifest the essential oneness of the 
Christian Churches of America in Jesus Christ as their divine 
Lord and Saviour and to promote the spirit of fellowship, 


service and cooperation among them.” 


Northern Baptist Convention 

National Baptist Convention 

Free Baptist Churches 

Christian Church 

Churches of God in N. A. 
(General Eldership) 

Congregational Churches 

Disciples of Christ 

Friends 

Evangelical Church 

Evangelical Synod of N. A. 

Methodist Episcopal Church 

Methodist Episcopal Church, 
South 

African M. E. Church 

African M. E. Zion Church 


Colored M. E. Church in 
America 


Methodist Protestant Church 
Moravian Church 
Presbyterian Church in the 


Presbyterian Church in the 
U. S. (South) 


Primitive Methodist Church 


Protestant Episcopal Commis- 
sion on Christian Unity and 
Department of Christian So- 
cial Service 


Reformed Church in America 
Reformed Church in U. S. 
Reformed Episcopal Church 
Seventh Day Baptist. Churches 
United Brethren in Christ 
United Presbyterian Church 


United Lutheran Church (Con- 
sultative Body) 


PART I 


THE SPIRIT AND IDEALS OF THE 
FEDERATED CHURCHES 


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THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ATLANTA 
QUADRENNIAL 


No one who has observed the life of the churches in 
America during recent years can doubt that there is an en- 
larging acquaintance across denominational lines, a deepening 
trust among the denominations, a clearer consciousness of com- 
mon purposes, and a greater readiness for cooperative service. 
In the development of this new spirit the Federal Council of 
the Churches of Christ in America has been an important 
factor. 

The Council owes its existence to the fact that there is 
already a genuine spiritual unity among the evangelical 
churches. Of this inner oneness the Council is simply the 
outward expression. The Council grows in strength just in 
proportion to the growth of the spirit of mutual understand- 
ing and the recognition of common tasks among the churches. 

For if Christians really feel and think together they will 
desire to act together. Common experiences require common 
expression. Common purposes call for common programs. 
And to act together effectively the churches must have some 
common agency; not an elaborate or highly centralized organi- 
zation, but at least some simple body through which to mani- 
fest to the world their unity of spirit. It was the recognition 
of this truth that led twenty-eight denominations, sixteen 
years ago, to create the Federal Council of the Churches of 
Christ in America in order “to manifest the essential one- 
ness of the Christian Churches of America in Jesus Christ as 
their divine Lord and Savior.” 

The task is not so much to create a spirit of unity—that 
spirit already exists—as to provide for its more adequate ex- 
pression, The existence of such an agency as the Federal 
Council of the Churches, however, which seeks to manifest the 
existing spirit of unity and trust among the denominations, 
tends constantly to the enriching and deepening of that spirit. 
By joining hand with hand in common tasks we come to a larger 
mutual understanding and greater confidence in one another 
and are thereby prepared for the further programs of coopera- 
tion that lie ahead. When John Wesley said to a Christian 
who belonged to another group than his own, “If thy heart 
be as my heart give me thy hand,” he was voicing unconsciously 
the purpose and spirit of the Federal Council of the Churches 
and at the same time suggesting the way in which the largest 
possible measure of fellowship and trust could be secured. 


9 


10 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


A Spiritual Question 


It would be a mistake to think of the Federal Council of 
the Churches as existing simply for the sake of greater effi- 
ciency in work. Its significance is deeper, reaching down into 
the spiritual realm. Each denomination has something to con- 
tribute to the richness of our total apprehension of Christ and 
His Church. Each denomination has something to learn from 
the others. Our fullest vision of Christ will not come to us 
apart from our sharing in the vision and the experience of 
others. The corporate life of the whole is’ necessary to the 
richness of life in each of the parts. For “there are diversities 
of gifts, but the same Spirit. And there are diversities of min- 


istrations, but the same Lord. ... For as the body is one, 
and hath many members, and all the members of the body, 
being many, are one body; so also is Christ... . And those 


members of the body which we think to be less honorable, upon 
these we bestow more abundant honor; and our uncomely 
parts have more abundant comeliness. . . . And whether one 
member suffer, all the members suffer with it ; or one member 
is honored, all the members rejoice with it.” 

It would be equally a mistake to overlook the practical ne 
of such cooperation as is made possible through an organiza- 
tion like the Federal Council. Each denomination is stronger 
because of the support of the others, because of the lessons 
learned from the others’ experience, because of the conscious- 
ness of being a part of one great Christian movement. 


“Not alone we conquer, 
Not alone we fall; 

In each gain or triumph, 
Lose or triumph all.” 


The increased power which might come to the churches and 
their enlarged influence upon all the life of the world which 
might come from their growing solidarity was fully recognized 
by those who created the Federal Council when they declared 
in its Constitution that one of its purposes is “to secure a 
larger combined influence for the Churches of Christ in all 
matters affecting the moral and social condition of the people 
so as to promote the application of the law of Christ to every 
relation of human life.” 

The significance of the Federal Council, both from the 
standpoint of advance toward larger unity and also from the 
angle of practical service, was set in a clearer light by the 
Quadrennial Meeting of the Council at Atlanta December 3-9. 
The sessions were characterized by the presence of outstanding 


THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE QUADRENNIAL 11 


leaders in each of the twenty-eight denominations, including 
presiding officers of a dozen denominations, a score of bishops, 
distinguished laymen and many other notable leaders in the 
Christian life of the country. 

What occupied their attention? Not differences of theolog- 
ical view or of ecclesiastical polity, but great common tasks. 
How to make Jesus Christ the Lord of every human life and 
of all of life—this was the primary concern of all, and in that 
concern they found themselves no longer separated groups but 
members alike of the one family of Christ. 


Great Common Tasks 


The problem of Christianizing our race relationships was 
especially to the fore. The question of cooperation, justice and 
good will between the white and Negro peoples was discussed 
with the utmost candor and sympathy. Outstanding Southern 
leaders like Dr. M. Ashby Jones, of Atlanta, and Bishop Fred- 
erick F. Reese, of Savannah, made eloquent appeals that in our 
race relations Christ should be taken seriously. Negro leaders 
like Bishop George C. Clement, of the African M. E. Zion 
Church, and President John Hope, of Morehouse College, ex- 
pressed with equal conviction the judgment that the one hope 
for better relations between the races lies in the Churches 
making earnest with the Christian Gospel. The world-wide 
character of the racial problems of today was indicated by the 
emphasis given to the necessity for reestablishing right rela- 
tions with Japan after recent immigration act. 

The meaning of the Gospel for our industrial, economic and 
social life was clearly envisaged. The message on this subject 
by Bishop Francis J. McConnell left no one in doubt as to 
whether the Churches represented in the Council meant to 
pursue a policy of dealing vigorously with the difficult prob- 
lems involved. That these issues are of great complexity and 
demand the most thorough study and wise judgment was recog- 
nized, and enthusiastic approval was given to the enlarging 
plans of the Council along the line of research as a means of 
securing the information without which wise and effective 
action is impossible. At no time was there any disposition 
manifested to turn back from the effort to bring Christian 
principles to bear upon every realm of human life. In the 
words of Dr. Speer’s summary of what we have to learn from 
the past four years, “The Churches must not be intimidated 
from doing what they ought to do because of fear of making 
mistakes or of doing what they ought not to do.” 

The demand of the Christian conscience for ridding the 


12 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


world of war and building up a Christian international life 
was one of the most conspicuous notes of the session. The 
platform for the Council in the international field, adopted 
after extended discussion, calls for support of the Permanent 
Court of International Justice, for the participation of the 
United States in codifying and extending international law, 
for the pacific settlement of every international dispute, and 
for international agencies through which the combined moral 
condemnation of the world can be brought to bear upon an 
aggressor nation. A drastic reduction of armaments by all 
nations is urged and “full, open and friendly relation between 
the United States and the League of Nations, without com- 
mitments which would involve us in the local politics of Euro- 
pean or other nations.” 

The international outreach of the Churches themselves was 
symbolized by the presence of leaders of the Christian move- 
ment in many other lands. Among the foreign representatives 
who were in attendance were: Rev. A. K. Reischauer, of the 
National Christian Council of Japan; Rev. Adolf Keller, of the 
Central Bureau for Relief of the Evangelical Churches of 
Europe, Zurich, Switzerland; Professor Julius Richter, of the 
University of Berlin; Rev. Samuel M. Zwemer, of Egypt; Rev. 
H. G. Tucker, of the Committee on Cooperation in Brazil; 
Rev. T. Albert Moore, representing the Joint Committee on 
Church Union of Canada, and Sir Willoughby Dickinson, of 
London, Honorary Secretary of the World Alliance for Inter- 
national Friendship Through the Churches. Greetings and 
messages by letter and cablegram were received from scores of 
churches in all parts of the world. 


The Spirit of Evangelism 


Underlying the whole program and all the discussions of the 
six-day meeting was an insistent emphasis upon the necessity 
for the spirit of evangelism and of personal loyalty to Christ. 
At noonday throughout the sessions a series of inspirational 
meetings on “The Call to Personal Religion” was held, which 
lifted the thinking of the Council above the details of organiza- 
tion and administration into a deeply spiritual atmosphere. 
Not only was it recognized that there is an urgent need for 
greater attention by the Churches to the duty of direct evangel- 
ism, but there was also a recognition that every phase of the 
Church’s work must be infused with the evangelistic spirit 
and ideal. 

A pastor who attended the sessions of the Council as a dis- 


THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE QUADRENNIAL 13 


interested observer summarized the significance of the gather- 
ing in these discriminating words: 

“The Atlanta meeting of the Federal Council of the Churches 
leaves on one three clear impressions : 


1. That Protestantism is now becoming a unit. 


2. That the Churches. as represented in the Council, are 
strong in the conviction that every phase of life, individual, 
social. industrial, racial, economic. political and international. 
must be subjected to the reign of Christ. 

3. That American Protestantism is alive, daring and of large 
vision.” 

How has this measure of vital and practical unity come 
about? Not through theoretical discussions as to differences 
of faith and order. Not through abstract arguments about the 
necessity for some complete merger. It has been the result of 
placing the emphasis always and insistently upon cooperative 
service. When the Churches face together the overwhelming 
tasks laid upon them by the need of the world they discover 
their underlying oneness of purpose and spirit, relegate their 
little differences to a secondary place, and are ready to step 
out together in programs of practical ministry. If there is one 
lesson more than another to be learned from the experience of 
the Churches as federated in the Council. it is that the path- 
way to the larger unity which we seek lies through the field 
of actual service in the spirit of Christ to human need. The 
sure way of getting together is to work together on the basis 
of such unity as we already have. 


SAMUEL McCrea CAVERT. 


THE INDIVISIBILITY OF THE CHURCH’S LIFE 
By Ropert E, SPEER 
President Federal Council of the Churches, 1920-1924 


There is nothing in Christ that any one'communion can 
monopolize. This is the outstanding impression that comes to 
me as a result of close association with all the churches in the 
Federal Council during the last four years. It is a sheer 
impossibility to segregate any fresh discovery of Christ that 
any one of our great Christian groups has made. If any 
group has had a true insight into Christ and what He means 
for human life, all have shared in that insight. If any one 
writes a hymn that exalts Christ or writes a new devotional 
book centering around Him, no one stops to inquire to what 
denomination the author belongs. 

We are coming toa common recognition of the elemental 
unity of life and experience among the Churches. There is 
no Presbyterian type of sin, with which only the Presbyterian 
Church can deal. You cannot denominationalize sin. There 
is just one kind of sin. And there is, accordingly, just one task, 
elemental in its unity, before all the Churches, whatever their 
names may be—the task of overcoming sin through the power 
of their one Saviour and Lord. 

We have come to a realization of this inner unity as our 
Churches have been brought face to face with concrete tasks. 
There is an indivisibility of our Christian reactions to any 
great moral issue. Among the many recent evidences of this 
none has been more striking than the response in all com- 
munions to the Japanese Exclusion Act. The reactions among 
the various Churches against such a racial discrimination were 
identical. The public statements made by the Federal Council 
were simply a gathering up of the judgment of all thoughtful 
Christian groups. 

Or take the resolutions on war adopted by almost all the 
Christian bodies. If you erased the denominational names no 
one could possibly tell which declaration came from which 
body. The common convictions on the issue of war and peace 
are a revelation of the community of mind among the Churches. 
Other illustrations, equally convincing, of the indivisibility of 
our Christian experience could be drawn from the attitude of 
the Churches toward prohibition, their efforts to relieve the 
suffering in the Near East, Russia and Central Europe, their 
new experience in grappling with the problems of race, and in 
many other fields of cooperative activity. 


14 


THE INDIVISIBILITY OF THE CHURCH’S LIFE 15 


That there are difficult and delicate questions before the 
Churches as they undertake to deal with great social and inter- 
national questions cannot be denied. None is more difficult 
and complex than the true function of the Church in its rela- 
tion to issues which are also the concern of the State. But 
the difficulties themselves are a unifying force, drawing the 
Churches together in an effort to find together the right way, 
as they cannot find it alone. Certainly the Churches must not 
be intimidated from doing what they ought to do because of 
fear of making mistakes or of doing what some think they 
ought not to do. 

There are forces that would like to keep the voice of the 
Church from being heard. We ourselves may at times have 
misgivings as to what the Church should do. But all our 
questions as Churches finally reduce themselves to two. The 
first concerns our relation to our common Head. How great 
a Lord is Jesus Christ to be? Are there areas of life of which 
He is not meant to be Lord? If so, then He is not the Lord 
of all, as we had supposed. The whole of human life belongs 
to Him and must be brought under His mastery. That is the 
first issue on which we must be clear. © 

The second question has to do with the relation of our 
Churches to one another. The problems which are faced in 
the Federal Council are Church problems. They are issues 
with which the Churches as Churches must deal. They are 
questions on which the Churches must find a common mind 
and in relation to which they must be able to fulfill their cor- 
porate and indefeasible responsibilities. We have passed be- 
yond the day when the Churches can delegate their responsi- 
bilities to other agencies. We must grapple ourselves with 
these momentous tasks, and in order to do so with power we 
must develop a will to unity that will relegate to a secondary 
place all details of polity and organization and draw the 
Churches together in a growing oneness of spirit and purpose. 


LIGHT FROM THE PAST FOR THE CHURCH 
TODAY 


By Rev. S. Parkes CADMAN 
President of the Federal Council of the Churches 


May we not dare to believe that we can yet discover the 
foundations of a freedom which is expressed in unity; of a 
_ catholicity which does not domineer over personal convictions 
nor usurp intellectual integrity? This is, indeed, the task con- 
fronting God’s statesmen today, and none can undertake it 
who does not study our historic growth as communions of the 
one world Church. 

I can conceive no proceeding more detrimental to Protestant- 
ism than the indulgence of useless eulogies or fictitious ambi- 
tions emotionally stimulated, oblivious to the challenge of past 
and present. Hence we are conservative of the precious de- 
posit of our Faith, while at the same time we are freemen of 
Christ, thoroughly persuaded that where He is there is liberty. 
Hopefulness, forbearance, a more comprehensive charity, are 
herein involved. At every point of retrospect and its challenge 
we shall see the better prospect arising from the dying past, 
the entwining of what has been with what is to be, the strange 
fashion in which antagonistic opinions in the Church have 
complemented each other. 


The Ideal of Unity 


The first challenge is that the light of an undivided Church 
shall shine upon a torn and exhausted world. Too many re- 
treat from our Lord’s ideal for the Church, not because they 
look upon it as undesirable, but as impossible. Nevertheless, 
its fulfillment is inevitable. If He wills her oneness, none can 
withstand His will. The holiness of her membership is no 
more vital than its unity in the Spirit and in the organic forms 
which the Spirit shall ordain. When all believers are thus one 
as the Son is one with the Father, the world will know that 
He came forth from the Father. Then will the crying needs 
of the race be met and its religious hunger appeased. We are 
denominationalists, but within limits that do not forbid ex- 
pansion. We are grateful for the manifest favor of God upon 
our ancestral Churches. We are intent on maintaining their 
specific contributions to the one Body of our Lord. The new 
Protestantism cannot be legislated into being. It must grow 
out of the old as the reaction from its vital impulses. It will 


16 


LIGHT FROM PAST FOR CHURCH TODAY We 


thus absorb the historic sense of the traditional Churches, 
blending their venerable gifts with those of the modern mind. 

The discipline of Presbyterianism, the reverence of Anglican- 
ism, the independence of Congregationalism, the intelligent 
enthusiasm of Methodism, the religious education of Luther- 
anism, the tranquility of the Friends, the democracy of the 
Baptists and the contributions of other groups are one and all 
tokens in us of God’s indwelling, many-sided wisdom. They 
feed the Gospel’s lamp with beaten oil, so that its rays illuminate 
diversified human temperaments and conditions. But the Life- 
principle, which vivifies and transmutes them into something 
better, should dominate all these types. God must be honored 
and men must be saved by the inclusiveness, the firmness and 
the flexibility of our faith. 


Light from the Apostolic Church 


Protestantism today is challenged by the noble example of 
the evangelizing zeal of the Apostolic Churches. A second 
golden age waits upon our absolute abandonment to the exam- 
ple of these earlier disciples and their successors. We are wont 
to insist that Protestantism is the offspring of their purer 
faith. Let us at least be consistent and cease from armchair 
or pulpit claims till we have re-enacted the Apocalypse of those 
who, seeing all souls regenerate in Christ, revolutionized history 
when Pagan intellectualism and its political jurisdiction were 
at their meridian. The Christian sense of sufficiency and superi- 
ority made the Church of the Fourth Century visible to all 
men as a divine creation, whose ministry reached from the 
Euphrates in the East to Hadrian’s Wall in the West. They 
carried eras of salvation in their hearts and empires of grace 
in their brains. They forced the proudest social sovereignty 
to bow to the reign of the Crucified One. Though this al- 
legiance was adulterated, it was a vast improvement on the 
loyalties it supplanted. 

An admonitory phase of the Apostolic communions is per- 
missible. One by one they lost their first love and drifted into 
barren controversies or fanatical groups. Though called and 
chosen at the dawn of the world’s eternal light, they quit the 
field before the fight was won. These holy fellowships of 
Asia Minor, whose very names are in all men’s ears, to which 
the epistles of the New Testament were originally sent, are 
now extinct. Their candlesticks have been removed from be- 
fore the sapphire throne. Their fate warns us that every 
branch must not only be grafted into the Vine and be filled 
with its celestial juices; it must also bear fruit or be cut down. 


18 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Light from the Mediaeval Church 


When the great figures of the Middle Ages pass in review— 
pontiffs like Hildebrand, preachers like St. Bernard, thinkers 
like St. Thomas, saints like St. Francis—we should not gloat 
over their errors, but heed their ideals. They dramatized the 
Faith in the social life of their time, so that it became vivid 
and real to all ranks and conditions of men. Above everything 
else, sacerdotalists though they were to a man, they brought a 
foul and turbulent feudalism to its knees before the Cross. 

It is as though they said to us in this day of contentions and 
irreligion: “You are the heirs of our supposedly irrational 
age who enjoy, as you declare, the light of Sinai and Calvary 
in an effulgence withheld from us. For the sake of God and 
the Brotherhood, let it shine. By its searching, expose the 
militarism which threatens to sink your social order in a sea 
of blood. Curb the chauvinists who run amuck as we curbed 
predacious barons and monarchs who wrecked our peace. 
Breathe into the countless inventions of your gigantic indus- 
trial machinery the spirit which enabled our guild workmen to 
put themselves into the product of their toil. Restore to the 
Kingdom of our Eternal Father the glories of imagination, 
literature, art and architecture. What science, what beauty, 
what goodness we had we consecrated to Him. From you, to 
whom so much more of these bounties has been given, He 
requires proportionately more. 


The World’s Need for Light 


As those who hold that Christian truth is summed up in 
Christ’s person, Christian character in His example, Christian 
morality in His teaching, we have to ask, what shall be the 
attitude of the Church toward economics, secularism, war? 
These are some of the chief problems before us. 

Concerning economics, the debate would be clarified if the 
Christian spirit of amity and moderation were injected into it. 
Capitalists are not all “bloated spiders of hell,” nor all workers 
conspirators against public welfare. Ownership is not an un- 
forgivable sin, nor profitable commerce a blight upon humanity. 
The growth of the social conscience, the increased self-respect 
of every sort of worker, the determination in certain circles 
that the Golden Rule shall take the place of some dubious and 
other infamous maxims that hitherto have governed economics 
are exceedingly healthy symptoms. The Church believes in the 
steady elevation of the economic order. She also believes that 


LIGHT FROM PAST FOR CHURCH TODAY 19 


by its very nature it is and must remain subordinate to spiritual 
realities and that human values are to be supreme. 

Concerning secularism, she records her witness that what- 
ever in the totality of human affairs cannot be related to the 
teaching of Jesus is injurious. The Western nations are pecu- 
liarly susceptible to this drift from the unseen and eternal. 
The present plight of the Western world, without a major 
poet, philosopher or master artist, bespeaks its inmost im- 
potence. Much thinking on these issues is abortive. It stresses 
nationalism as the assessor of the human struggle and indi- 
viduality as only so much available stuff for the apotheosis of 
the State. It insists that a country’s substance, expansion and 
pride are the articles of an infallible creed to be implicitly 
accepted by the people. If among non-Christians you can find 
superstitions more inimical to progress than those which would 
make us puppets of a soulless State, I wish you would name 
them. Those who resent these insolent assumptions may be 
sure that the New Testament sustains them. 

Numerous cliques deplore the fact that religion is more in- 
terested in defeating the real devil of armed conflict than in 
minding what they call “its own business.” What, may one 
ask, is religion’s business, if war upon war cannot be so 
defined? Who has the obligation to resist armed violence if 
we do not? Who, again, can ponder the political courses run 
by the pre-war world without a sense of inexpressible shame 
and repugnance? 

Nor will there be any improvement of the conditions which 
cause war until the Church has rediscovered her unity in a 
crusade against it. Some are so far ahead in their protest as 
to be nearly out of sight of a practical eye. You may urge 
that they ignore realities and therefore cannot hope to exercise 
any influence over them. I am, nevertheless, of the opinion 
that the radical wing of pacifism is doing a needed service for 
both Church and State. The advance guard sees the end 
from the beginning; they seize and hold aloft the splendid 
vision of peace which belongs to the Mount of Light. We 
cannot afford to rebuke them and leave dangerous and mis- 
leading chatter about “preparedness” free to circulate. 

Here is a supreme opportunity to win the respect and confi- 
dence of alienated millions. Nay, more! Here is an acid 
test of the Churches as a federated social force. Can they so 
present in themselves and impress upon the political State the 
incontrovertible advantages of reason over physical supremacy 
and of righteousness over armed might as to subdue the preju- 


20 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


dices and hates of mankind and the militaristic dogmas de- 
rived from them? 

God arranges the chronometry of our spirits so that their 
striking hours, however delayed by thousands of silent mo- 
ments, shall summon us to let His light shine. The hour has 
struck for the condemnation of war. What is our response? 
Are we to trim; to look upon nailing our colors to the mast 
as a bit of delusive heroics? Or are we to believe that any 
action we take cannot but be right if, in the presence of a 
lower principle, it follows a higher? To do otherwise denies 
the living God in our midst. Across the tumults of the times 
we hear His word, which is the response to our adventure in 
His cause: “Arise, shine, for thy light is come and the glory 
of the Lord has risen upon thee.” 


THE SPIRITUAL VALUE OF COOPERATION 
By Pror. C. B. WILMER 


University of the South, Sewanee, Tenn. 


In order to base what I have to say on the eternal truth of 
God, let me begin by quoting what St. John says in his first 
epistle. First of all, we have the message: “God is light and 
in Him is no darkness at all. If we say that we have fellow- 
ship with Him and walk in darkness, we lie and do not tell 
the truth.” 

What it is to walk in darkness is told us in another place in 
the same epistle: ““He that sayeth he is in the light and hateth 
his brother, is in the darkness even until now . . . and walketh 
in darkness and knoweth not whither he goeth.” 

But, “if we walk in the light as He is in the light,” two 
things follow. 


1. The first is, we have fellowship one with another. 

There can be no such thing as full and genuine fellowship 
with God if we have not fellowship one with another. And 
“Hereby know we that we have passed from death unto life 
because we love one another.” That is only a partial and 
impure loyalty to any cause which does not involve and spon- 
taneously long for fellowship and cooperation with other de- 
votees of the same cause. Self-love has somewhere taken the 
place of love of the cause, be it art or love of country or of 
the Kingdom of God. 

Or else, the cause is too narrowly interpreted, as it is when 


THE SPIRITUAL VALUE OF COOPERATION 21 


one’s ideal is individual salvation instead of the kingdom and 
righteousness of God or the promotion of one’s own denomina- 
tion. 

And it is just when we try to live as we pray—for the com- 
ing of the Kingdom of God—that the real practical meaning 
of fellowship comes to light. I raise no controversial question 
concerning matters purely ecclesiastical when I say that the 
Church of Christ should strive, or, if you like, the disciples 
of Christ together should strive for the doing of the will of 
the Father on earth as it is in heaven. 

“If we walk in the light as He is in the light we have fellow- 
ship one with another.” That is the first consequence. 


2. But there is another consequence: “The blood of Jesus 
Christ cleanseth us from all sin.” 

Again, I have no desire to tread on anybody’s theological or 
religious toes, nor do I raise any question concerning the sal- 
vation of those individuals who assure us that the blood of 
Jesus Christ has already cleansed them personally from all 
sin. I only desire to point out that our Lord, in the night in 
which He was betrayed, took a cup of wine and, giving it to 
His disciples to drink, spoke of it as the blood of the covenant, 
the blood which was shed for the remission of sins. You may 
put any interpretation you think true on one aspect of these 
much controverted words. There is another aspect of them 
which, it seems to me, does not admit of controversy, and that 
is that somehow or other the remission of sins is more than a 
purely individual matter; that there is some connection between 
forgiveness and fellowship, fellowship with one another in 
Christ. 

And this idea receives corroboration from the words of the 
beloved disciple, who was there and closest to the heart of 
the Master and has preserved for us some spiritual lessons 
connected with that awful and blessed night, not given by the 
synoptics. 

One is: “That ye should love one another; as I have loved 
you, that ye also should love one another.” And the other is 
that, “If we walk in the light as He is in the light, we have 
fellowship one with another,” and (then) “the blood of Jesus 
Christ, His Son, cleanseth us from all sin.” 

Mayhap the isolated individual believer cannot be cleansed 
from all sin so long as he keeps to himself. And did not the 
Master say also: “Where two or three are gathered together 
in my name (two being the smallest number of persons that 
can gather), there am I in the midst of them”? 


22 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Man is not only an individual; he is also a social being. 
Even on the natural plane, a man cannot be himself by him- 
self ; and a good man who is not a good citizen is a contradic- 
tion in terms. | 

A child who lives to himself finds a certain adjustment 
necessary when he goes out to play with other children. There 
are certain faults of egotism and narrowness that cannot be 
cured, and there are certain virtues, such as team play and 
regard for the rights and feelings of others, that cannot be 
acquired except in fellowship and playing the game together. 

The man who lives to himself and thinks by himself becomes 
peculiar; not quite normal; what we call a “crank.” 

And does not all this hold true in spiritual matters? Can 
a man be a full-orbed Christian in isolation? My own observa- 
tion is that many Christians become worse than they were 
before conversion, in some respects; more difficult to get along 
with; more certain of their own infallibility. It is a relief to 
get away from their presence and associate for a while with 
just an ordinary, good-natured sinner—if you know what 
I mean. 

Now apply this to the Church as a whole. The develop- 
ment of normal, well-rounded, full-orbed Christians requires 
their association together, not merely to pray and sing hymns 
together on Sundays, but to go out and work together the rest 
of the week for the Kingdom of God in the world, for getting 
“righteousness, peace and joy in the Spirit” into all human 
relationships. 

It is the realization of that which created and sustains this 
organization of the Federal Council of the Churches. 

If any one denomination, Methodist or Episcopalian, thinks 
itself capable of bringing in the Kingdom all by itself, all it 
has to do is to try it, to learn its mistake. 

Of course, no denomination thinks itself big enough for 
that task. The trouble lies elsewhere; in a false or inadequate 
conception and vision of what the Church is in the world for. 

If the Church is here only to provide safe transit for certain 
individuals from this world to another—to be what someone 
has called ‘a post-mortem emigration society’—that is one 
thing. There is then no basic reason why Christians should 
form themselves into groups unless they want to. The Church 
has nothing to do with their salvation. But the moment we 


THE SPIRITUAL VALUE OF COOPERATION 23 


realize that the Church of the living God is in the world to 
put over the Kingdom of God, the absurdity of sheer indi- 
vidualism or of isolated and independent denominationalism, 
each sufficient to itself, becomes apparent. 

I am not discussing the question whether there ought to be 
any denominations. I am only saying that no denomination is 
or can be in a healthy and wholesome condition that does not 
work for the Kingdom outside in the world, bringing not 
merely individuals to God in Christ, but society itself to the 
standards of Christ. 

In the present divided state of Christendom two things seem 
possible and necessary: one is the work of this or some similar 
association, the other is that in every community Christians 
should get together to apply the principles of Christ to the 
secular as well as religious life of the community and of the 
world. 

The specific spiritual benefits that come to the workers from 
such association may be briefly summed up in some such way 
as this: Gain in breadth of sympathy and a broader grasp of 
truth from many angles, learning how, first, to put up with 
one another, then to understand and appreciate one another, 
and finally to love one another. In a word, such co-laborers 
with God come gradually and more and more into a realiza- 
tion of what fellowship in the Kingdom means; not fellow- 
ship in one denomination; not even fellowship in the Church 
of God itself, but fellowship and cooperation in the Kingdom 
of God, in the Basileia, which is greater than the Church, the 
Ecclesia, and for which the Church exists. 


WHAT CHURCH COOPERATION MEANS 
| TO A LAYMAN 


By M. M. Daviss, or ATLANTA 


What I have to say is in the nature of a testimony and, 
being a Methodist, I feel quite at home in a testimony meeting. 
Now a testimony usually includes a confession, and in this also 
I am experienced. Brought up in a Methodist parsonage, | 
was converted and joined the Church while young, but until 
I was twenty-four I belonged to that vast multitude in the 
Churches which we call “nominal Christians’”—paradoxical 
name. A more correct description would be “professing but 
not practicing Christianity.” 

About thirty-five years ago I made a complete surrender of 
myself to the Master—as complete as I knew how to make, 
and, although exceedingly timid, I promised to undertake to 
do any work of any kind whatsoever that was required of me; 
not to succeed but to try—and I have not consciously broken 
this pledge. And so it came about that when an evangelistic 
club composed of laymen of all denominations was organized 
in Atlanta I did not refuse to be its first president. When the 
Atlanta Committee on Church Cooperation passed a resolution 
making the president of the evangelistic club a member of the 
Committee, I did not shirk what seemed to be a duty. 

During the following months, as a result of these inter- 
denominational contacts, of these united forces for service, of 
Christian fellowship—than which there is no sweeter joy on 
earth—I began to realize the narrowness, the bigotry of de- 
nominationalism and the value of cooperation. 

There were many conditions in this city in need of improve- 
ment—a task too large for any one Church group and demand- 
ing the aid of every Christian. And these men, loyal to Christ, 
working in His cause, were not just Methodists, but many 
denominations. 

Heretofore I had not realized the narrowness of my view; 
my work had been for the Methodist Church and that Church 
was a part of my being. It had simply not occurred to me 
that possibly any other Church might also be right. If I 
learned the Baptists or the Presbyterians had a fine meeting 
with many uniting with the Church, did my heart thrill with 
joy? Not a bit of it. I regretted that people preferred to 
join any but my Church and marvelled that they should do so. 


24 


WHAT CHURCH COOPERATION MEANS TO A LAYMAN 25 


and the question in my thoughts was, “Why take such a 
chance when there is a sure way?” 

I know now that the God I worshipped was the God of the 
Methodist Church—yes and Southern at that! I hoped I was 
a Christian; I knew I was a Methodist. I am reminded of the 
story of a little Atlanta girl from a home of wealth and culture 
who went home from Sunday-school one day greatly dis- 
turbed. “Mother,” she said, “the teacher said that Jesus was 
a Jew! He wasn’t, Mother, was he?’ The mother gently ex- 
plained. After a few moments of perplexity the girl said, 
“Well, I do not see how Jesus can be a Jew, when God is a 
Presbyterian.” Most of us would deny that attitude in our 
thinking, but do not our lives betray it? 

The coming of His Kingdom is delayed because His fol- 
lowers are in so many separated groups. When some day we 
cease to emphasize our own group, and with united hearts and 
purposes work at the common task, then Christ’s purpose will 
come to pass, His great commission given to men will be ful- 
filled, and that speedily. 

The richest, most blessed experiences of my life have been 
in connection with the Committee on Church Cooperation; 
the intimate fellowship of the brethren, lay and clerical, shar- 
ing the same burden of responsibility and the same sorrow 
over existing conditions, the same disappointments, criticisms 
and problems. Loving each other, giving of our best, we have 
come into a wonderful realization of the brotherhood of men 
of every creed and color and of the blessedness of Church 
cooperation. 

And now I long that all men should see it as I do. 


HOW THE FEDERAL COUNCIL CAN BEST SERVE 
THE CHURCHES 


I. By Proressor THORNTON WHALING 


Moderator of the Last General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church 
in the United States 


Evangelism stands in the forefront as the Church’s main 
and supreme mission, and the Federal Council is serving all the 
highest and holiest interests in giving evangelism the most 
commanding place in its program and policies. The Churches 
expect the Federal Council to continue this wise and aggressive 
insistence on evangelism with increasing emphasis, vision and 
initiative. 

Second only to evangelism in the mission of the Church is 
the great task of educating, training and developing the chil- 
dren of God, until they attain the “measure of the stature of 
the fullness of Christ.’”’ Education is the great word here and 
all the Churches represented in the Council have recognized 
over and over again their bounden duty and responsibility in 
this measureless field, of training God’s children for the service 
of God’s Son and Kingdom and Church and world. These 
Churches expect the Federal Council to continue the stimu- 
lating, inspiring and constructive program, which it always has 
furnished, to aid in this vast and important work. No careful 
student of Church-training, education or efficiency can afford 
to ignore the invaluable contributions to these causes made by 
this Council. 

At the present the Federal Council is an invaluable and in- 
dispensable aid. It is not a Church court enjoining the con- 
science and commanding obedience. The Council can scarcely 
be construed as a pulpit from which a prophet or preacher 
fulminates or thunders with a ‘Thus saith the Lord,” for all 
the counsel which it gives the individual Christian in these 
vast realms of business, industry or politics, diplomacy or inter- 
national relations. I have always regarded this Council as a 
body of Christian brethren who have come together to study 
as Christians, in the exercise of the right and duty of private 
judgment, the great question, how are the ethics of Jesus, the 
teaching of God’s word, the ideals of the Kingdom to be applied 
to the social order, that is to the whole of life, business, poli- 
tics, social relations and every point where one human life 
touches another. 

Its functions, therefore, are purely advisory and helpful, not 
in the way of magisterial or lordly prescription, but of broth- 


26 


HOW FEDERAL COUNCIL CAN BEST SERVE CHURCHES 27 


erly counsel, advice and agreement. In the present divided 
condition of Christendom the only certain method of securing 
such an assembly of Christian disciples for joint study and 
counsel, in the hope of reaching a consensus of view which 
will be practically influential, is for the different Churches to 
appoint representatives to this Council, which exists for the 
purpose I have attempted to describe. 

_ Let the good work go on. I believe this Council is an in- 
creasingly valuable factor in our American life and in the 
work of our American Churches. As a Christian man and 
citizen I thank God most devoutly for the help and counsel this 
body has given me in deciding my duties as a citizen and man 
in a world where there are thrust upon me every day problems 
economic, racial, political and international, upon which I 
need all the light I can find. 

May the time never come when any of the Churches united 
in this great enterprise withdraws from it to a narrowness 
and isolation which will bring its own penalty of spiritual 
decrease and moral littleness. 


II. By Rev. Rockweti H. Potter 
Moderator, National Council of Congregational Churches 


The denominations ought to want the Federal Council to 
be a means of the expression of the unity which they ought 
to feel as existing beneath them all and through them all and 
above and beyond them all. They have need first of all to 
realize this unity themselves. 

The divisive and sectarian spirit that expresses itself in 
competitive rivalries has too long been the scandal of Ameri- 
can Christianity. We must become conscious of our fellow- 
ship in the heritage of faith, The Federal Council must help 
us to gain this consciousness and then become the means of 
the expression of it to ourselves and to the world. 

The growth of secret organizations confessing Christian 
purposes and seeking to effect them by un-Christian methods 
and so defeating the very purposes they seek, is a nemesis 
upon the free Churches of America, resulting from their fail- 
ure to realize their essential unity and the resulting failure 
to give any adequate expression to that unity. 

The denominations ought to want the Federal Council to 
lead them in finding and undertaking those Christian tasks in 
our country and in the world which the denominations cannot 
accomplish unless they undertake them together. For the 
most part the commissions of the Council and its committees 


28 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


are now engaged in this very work. If the denominations 
really did want this desirable thing accomplished the Council 
would never need to halt or falter or faint in its good and 
worthy tasks. : | 

Such are the things which the denominations ought to want 
of the Council, and which representative men and women of 
these denominations do want. Let us hope that a steadily 
increasing number of the people, the lay folk and the pastors 
and officials, the youth and the men and women, may earnestly 
want the things they ought to want and seek the things they 
ought to seek, and do the things they ought to do in and through 
the Council as the servant of all free Churches for the sake 
of the Kingdom of God. 


III. By HonorasLte Cary E. MILLIKEN 


President of the Northern Baptist Convention; formerly Governor 
of Maine 


If our civilization is to hold together under the increasing 
strains imposed by material prosperity, the character of our 
average citizen must show the capacity for service and self- 
denial which can only be produced by the Christian religion. 
Never was there greater interest in Christianity on the part 
of those outside the Church. The time is ripe for a great 
revival of religion. Under God’s grace the Federal Council’s 
Commission on Evangelism may well be one of the instru- 
ments which will hasten its arrival. 

The Churches are agreed that war is unchristian and in- 
effectual as a means of settling international disputes. I have 
little patience with the propaganda which seeks to prevent war 
by pledging individuals to refuse cooperation with their gov- 
ernments in the event of war. The attempt to prevent war by 
this method is like seeking to dam Niagara by throwing pebbles 
on the brink of the cataract. The next great war must be 
prevented before it is started. The Churches are the custo- 
dians and trustees upon this earth of the only force that will 
prevent war by substituting love for hatred, goodwill for suspi- 
cion, brotherhood for bitterness, in the lives of human beings, 
and so in the policies of nations. How great this responsibility 
is, not only for the spiritual welfare of humanity but for the 
very physical structure of civilization, it is impossible to over- 
estimate. 

An important function of the Federal Council is its service 
to denominations and individual Churches as a clearing house 
for dissemination of useful information. The Research De- 


HOW FEDERAL COUNCIL CAN BEST SERVE CHURCHES 29 


partment might well consider further expansion of its activities 
in the direction of preparing and furnishing to the constit- 
uency accurate and up-to-date information regarding present- 
day projects of the Church, and inspiring examples of achieve- 
ments by local Churches or federations. 

Pastors, seminary students and all Christians should know 
of the present-day achievements of the Church. They should 
not only know about the Hittites, Hivites, and Jebusites, but 
they should also get acquainted with the progress of Chris- 
tianity among the Detroit-ites the Chicago-ites and the Den- 
ver-ites. 


EVANGELISM AND EDUCATION INSEPARABLE 


By Rev. Henry H. Sweets 
Secretary of Christian Education, Presbyterian Church in the U. S. 


Evangelism—making Christ effectively known to men—is the 
extensive work of the Church. Education—training for Christ 
and His service—is the intensive work of the Kingdom. 

These two duties are clearly set forth in God’s Word. The 
great Teacher sent from God who said, “Go preach,” said also 
“Go teach.” One of the chief qualifications of the divinely 
appointed leader is “apt to teach.” Luke in his gospel tells of 
“all that Jesus began both to do and to teach.” Of the early 
disciples it is said, ‘““They ceased not to teach and to preach 
Jesus Christ.” 

Evangelism without education leads to superstition and 
fanaticism. Education without the warmth of evangelism 
passes into cold formalism and skepticism. The two are united 
in the thought of God. They must be kept together in the 
work of men. To neglect either is to limit the usefulness and 
imperil the life of the Church. “What God hath joined to- 
gether let no man put asunder.” 


Christianity a Teaching Religion 


Christianity has always been a teaching religion. Jesus 
Christ has become the Head Master of the world. All true 
advance in pedagogy has proved to be really an approach to 
the method and spirit of His teaching. Paul the great scholar 
reveals not only marvelous ability as a preacher, but con- 
summate skill as a teacher. All through the early ages the 
Church handed on the torch of learning. Luther, Melancthon, 
Calvin and the long line of their successors appreciated the 
teaching function of the Church and with diligence and self- 


30 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST. 


denial taught and organized institutions of learning. The his- 
torian Bancroft speaks of John Calvin as the father of the 
public schools. 

Our forefathers, driven to these shores by their high ven- 
eration for the Christian religion and desiring to perpetuate 
its spirit and aims, planted the school hard by the church. Of 
the first nine colleges established in those early days, eight 
were erected by the Church. As late as 1860, only seventeen 
of the two hundred and forty-six colleges were state institu- 
tions. | 

A Serious Problem 


A great problem, not yet solved, presented itself at the very 
inception of education under the direction of the State. This 
became apparent when the doctrine of the separation of Church 
and State was enunciated in the constitution of the Republic. 
Gradually this principle was interpreted to mean that religion 
should have no place in the tax-supported schools of America. 
The fallacy and harm of this was seen by many in both Church 
and State. Daniel Webster contended that to the three R’s 
should be added a fourth, Religion. 

Not many years ago, Dr. Paul Munroe, in his History of 
Education, said: 


“The complete secularization of schools has led to the complete 
exclusion of religious elements in public education and the very gen- 
eral exclusion of the study or even the use of the Bible and of all 
religious literature. Thus the material that a few generations ago 
furnished the sole content of elementary education is now entirely 
excluded and the problem of religious education is presented. Little 
attempt at solution is being made and little interest seems to be 
aroused. The problem for the public school teachers comes to be 
quite similar to that presented by the Greek philosophers, to produce 
character through an education that is dominantly rational and that 
excludes the use of the supernatural or religious element. For our 
schools we have definitely rejected revealed religion as a basis of 
morality, and seek to find a sufficient basis in the development of 
rationality in the child. Thus one most important phase of education 
is left to the Church and the home, neither of which is doing much to 
meet the demand.” 


It is useless to deny the fact. There has been one saving 
element—thousands of the teachers in our schools, high schools 
and universities, have been devoted Christian women and men. 
There has radiated from them the spirit of Jesus Christ. Their 
lives have testified to the power of His gospel. 


Causes for Concern in the Nation 


Because of the sad neglect of the religious element in edu- 
cation we have in our land conditions that have awakened 


EVANGELISM AND EDUCATION INSEPARABLE 31 


the serious concern of all thoughtful men and women. Our 
people have become educated but there is an awful break- 
down in character. We have taught subjects, but have failed 
to develop the moral life. We have trained the head and the 
hand, but have neglected the heart. We have given myriads 
of courses and innumerable facts about material things, but 
have failed to teach the things of the Spirit. We have taught 
the facts of life and how to make a living, but have not put 
the youth in touch with the Source of life nor helped them dis- 
cover the real meaning of living. 

Fifteen years ago, Mr. Edward O. Sisson described the sit- 
uation in America: “Increased demand upon character and 
diminished care for the cultivation of character.” He added 
this warning: “So far as we know, history has no instance 
of a national character built up without the aid of religious 
instruction, or of such character surviving the decay of re- 
ligion. The final question regarding education is whether it 
avails to produce the type of character required by the Re- 
public and the race.” Education is a unitary process. It can- 
not neglect the heart, the conscience, the will, and produce 
the best results. Only religion can reach and successfully con- 
trol the deep well-springs of man’s being. 

The schools are now literally crowded with their enriched 
curricula. The change in the social and economic condition 
of the home, new knowledge in the field of science, of indus- 
try and of commerce, and the demands upon the physical, 
intellectual, practical and social life of the day have caused 
the educators to feel that none of the interests of life are 
beyond their responsibility. They argue wisely that educa- 
tion is not preparation for life, but life itself. The field of 
their endeavors covers all the areas of human life. All— 
except the deepest and most fundamental of all the interests 
of the soul. In such a crowded schedule, the Church has little 
opportunity to impart and the child has little capacity to re- 
ceive the needed religious training. 

When every other interest receives such careful attention, 
the student is apt to conclude that religion is of minor im- 
portance. The neglect of its place and sphere, sometimes un- 
consciously on the part of educators, produces this impression. 

That is a wonderfully suggestive cartoon in the Memphis 
Commercial Appeal of recent date. Ona table are a number 
of large volumes—‘‘Modern Education,” “Art,” “Literature,” 
“Philosophy,” etc. In the center is an old-fashioned tallow 
candle (marked “Our Spiritual Development’’), almost burned 
out, giving forth but a pale and flickering light. Underneath 


32 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


the suggestive picture are the words, “The lamp by which 
we read.” 


Causes for Concern in the Church 


There are thousands of educators in America who have not 
bowed the knee to any false god. They are sincere, humble, 
devoted followers of the Lord Jesus Christ. They see the 
danger, they appreciate the lack in our education, they are 
carefully seeking a remedy. There is one element that renders 
the case almost hopeless to some of them—the division in the 
Church. They see not one, united, conquering Church, but 
fifty weak, divided Churches. The Church must face this 
fact, for to many it is an insurmountable problem. In many 
recent books, on hundreds of pages, you will find scores of 
other remedies suggested while in a few paragraphs reference 
will be made to religion, and this powerful agency dismissed 
with a mere statement of the fact that it is impossible to use 
the Church in America because of its divisions. 

Much of this is more apparent than real. Protestantism will 
always allow the freedom of the individual conscience. If all 
the Churches were brought together to-night in one great or- 
ganic whole, in a short time there might be cleavage on other 
lines. Until a few years ago the schools and colleges were 
listed as “sectarian,” “non-sectarian” and “state” institutions. 
No longer is this done by the United States Bureau of Educa- 
tion. No real college is now sectarian in its spirit, method or 
curriculum. | 

There is much more brotherly love and comity and coopera- 
tion among the divisions of the Church than the world knows. 
The Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America 
bears eloquent testimony to this. If each division, looking 
after its own recruiting, replacements, provisioning, drilling 
and inspiring its rank and file, keeps its face towards the 
enemy and cheers and inspires and helps the other divisions in 
its own sector of the battlefield, fighting ignorance, supersti- 
tion and sin, helping the weak, reclaiming the fallen, leading 
the world back to God, little loss may be sustained. In this 
way, too, the breaches will be healed and almost imperceptibly 
may we discover a united, compact Church of the living God. 


Calls for Action 


The Church must awake out of its sleep. It must perform 
its own God-given task more thoroughly.. It must lend the 
full measure of its united help to the home and to the school. 

The home must be more seriously impressed with its incom- 


EVANGELISM AND EDUCATION INSEPARABLE 33 


parable task. The instruction in the home is of vital impor- 
tance. The spirit there inculcated will abide. A nation cannot 
rise higher than its homes. What is primarily needed is not 
the adjustment of the child to its environment but the adjust- 
ment of parent, child and home to the ideals of Jesus Christ. 
This means a real revolution in the social and business life of 
many a church member. 

The Church should be made to minister more adequately to 
the spiritual needs of its youth. It should be a place of wor- 
ship and of instruction. The whole hour should be filled with 
real messages concerning the unseen realities which will reach 
the heart and inspire the life of the worshippers. The prayers, 
the reading, the message from the Bible, and the songs should 
all converge on this end. 

The Church should give more careful attention to education 
through the expressional activities of its members. Christian- 
ity is a religion of works and of fruits. “Wherefore by their 
fruits,” said Jesus Christ, “ye shall know them.” It is not a 
mere intellectual assent to the claims of Christ. It is a “faith 
that worketh by love.” “If any man wills to do God’s will, he 
shall know.” 

The Sunday-school should be taken more seriously and its 
work made more efficient. All the churches are now giving 
most careful study to this problem and larger plans are being 
made for the future. The short period of time for instruction, 
the meeting of the classes only once a week, the problem of 
untrained and ofttimes overworked teachers, the lack of co- 
operation on the part of the home and the poor equipment for 
the work are some of the handicaps under eich the church 
school now seeks to do its work. 

The week-day school of religion is finding favors in many 
towns and cities. Those who are watching the effort are con- 
vinced that large numbers of public school authorities will 
gladly give the pupils of the schools and high schools two hours 
a week for instruction in religion by the churches. The great 
problem will be found in securing suitable, trained teachers. 
If academic credit is given for this study, academic work must 
be done. There will be a constant danger that the work may 
drift into the hands of those dominated by the purely profes- 
sional spirit and method, whose attitude will not touch the 
spirit of the student. 

The daily vacation Bible school is utilizing the gifts of many 
college men and women during the vacation period and is giv- 
ing religious instruction to some who otherwise would be 
spiritually destitute. 


34 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Already great progress has been made in ministering to the 
spiritual needs of the youth at the State institutions of higher 
education. The plan is to provide a normal church at the seat 
of the university with an attractive and trained pastor. Unless 
a student is kept in touch with organized Christianity during 
the four formative years of his university life a chasm so deep 
and so broad may develop between him and the Church that it 
may never be bridged. At many universities ‘schools of re- 
ligion,” conducted jointly by various denominations, are giving 
courses in Bible and in religion and are receiving the cordial 
support of the university authorities. At most of these centers 
the various churches, Christian associations and the university 
administration are patiently studying the needs and oppor- 
tunities and are cooperating in a fine spirit in working out a 
solution. 

The church colleges and seminaries have seen with clearness 
the great problem of which we are speaking and have rendered 
valuable assistance. During all these years theirs has been the 
voice crying in the wilderness. They have sent out thousands 
of trained Christian preachers and teachers. They have not 
only ministered directly to all the fields of education, but have 
given a steadying influence to other institutions of learning. 
Some of the great presidents of the State universities are today 
making the strongest pleas for the church colleges. Notable 
among these is President W. O. Thompson, of the Ohio State 
University, who recently said: “The church college, properly 
equipped and endowed, has the supreme call and the supreme 
opportunity of the hour.” The Church will neglect these insti- 
tutions at the peril not only of its well-being, but of its very 
life. They must be better equipped to send forth the teachers 
of religion so greatly needed in the homes, the Church and 
public schools, high schools, teachers’ colleges, church colleges 
and State universities. 

Several years ago President Hadley of Yale said: “I do 
not believe you are going to make the right kind of citizen 
by a godless education and then adding in religion afterward. 
The idea is wrong. Education and religion must go hand in 
hand.” In that notable book by Dr. W. H. P. Faunce, “The 
Educational Ideal in the Ministry,” you will find this clear 
call to this most important and fundamental task: “Here, then, 
is our national peril—that the supremely important task of our 
generation will fall between Church and State and be ignored 
by both. The Church may say, ‘Education is no longer in our 
hands; the State may say, ‘On all religious matters we are 
silent.’ Thus millions may grow up—are actually growing up 


EVANGELISM AND EDUCATION INSEPARABLE 35 


in America today—without any genuine religious training. It 
is time, therefore, for Church and school to cooperate, as army 
and navy cooperate, in defense of our common country.” 

Can we do it? Will we meet this challenge? It is a task 
difficult enough to call forth man’s largest abilities and to drive 
him back to the limitless resources of the living God. 


THE SOCIAL TASK OF THE CHURCH IN AMERICA 
By Bisnor Francis J. McConneii 


We have almost come to the place where we have ceased to 
talk about the contradiction between the social and the indi- 
vidual gospel. Truly understood, there is no contradiction and 
hardly any distinction. We cannot have individuals outside of 
society, for society is made up of individuals. What the Chris- 
tian social effort means is that we are trying to seize the social 
forces for the saving of individuals. 

It is the duty of the Church to see the actual contradiction 
in the world between the ideals proclaimed by Christ and the 
facts as we find them. Everybody admits our right to pro- 
claim the Christian social ideal, yet we sometimes wonder if a 
Church has the right to look the social facts squarely in the 
face and.to deal with the facts as it sees them. I do not think 
that is a very dangerous doctrine to teach, that the Church has 
a right to look the facts squarely in the face. Of course, some 
say that preachers have not this right of scrutinizing social 
facts because they have had no practical experience. No right, 
for example, to pass on industrial problems because they are 
not engineers; no right to estimate social conditions because 
they are not trained statisticians. Well, I do not know any 
body of men on earth better able to estimate the human work- 
ings of industry than the pastors, who are going in and out of 
the homes of workers and seeing conditions every day; they 
see industry on the human side, and that is what we are pro- 
foundly interested in. 

Moreover, we have to remember we are living under an 
industrial system that needs criticism all the time, and is safe 
only as it is criticised and progressively modified. It is not the 
business of the Church to stand for any social doctrine as such, 
but it must know the industrial situation, and over against the 
capitalistic view on the one hand, and the socialistic view on 
the other, stand for human ideals and keep them in the fore- 
most place, with equal justice rebuking the one as well as the 
other when either sins against the ideal. But let us remember 


36 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


we do live under a capitalistic system and we breathe its air. 
Why should we not be unsparing in dealing with it? It is the 
fact that a man is usually working with a set of assumptions 
he has not analyzed that carries the possibility of danger. If 
he looks these assumptions in the face and recognizes that he 
is making them and sees that we are living under a capitalistic 
system the danger will be partly removed. 

There is not very much attempt at direct control of the 
Church by capitalistic forces, but we are shaped nevertheless 
by the system—if we want to call it a system—that has fitted 
itself into American life. It is the old individualistic type of 
democracy—every man for himself and the devil take the 
hindmost. (The danger of that system being that the devil is 
likely also to get the foremost!) We are a nation of social 
climbers, always looking to the place above us, and we shape 
our thought by the thought of individualistic success. We do 
bow to success, there is no question about it. Now the peril is 
not that anybody tells us preachers what not to say, but that 
we just know better than to say some things—that’s all! The 
congregation shapes the preaching in a church. The preachers 
come to know the kind of address that gets the response of the 
congregation. A process of selection by the listening of the 
congregation finally brings us to the point where we say the 
things which will meet the demand of the people in the con- 
gregation. It can be a great thing, this power of a congrega- 
tion to shape a preacher into the right preaching, but it is 
dangerous. 

Now, since that is true, let us be very, very severe in dealing 
with ourselves and let us be very severe in dealing with the 
capitalistic system under which we live. Capitalism is not 
going to be overthrown in a night; anybody that talks about 
America’s being thoroughly radical is mistaken. In spite of 
our proneness to give our interest to wild things in theory, when 
it comes to practice we are, if anything, too far behind. We 
are not going to yield ourselves to any burst of sudden social 
conflagration. Our social organization, if it is not fireproof, is 
at least slow burning. So let the critic have his say. Anybody 
can get a hearing any time for the other—the conservative— 
extreme in church circles, yet with the man who criticises the 
capitalistic system it is a different kind of story. 

The great social institutions of our time might conceivably 
be converted. They are not to be destroyed, they are not to be 
torn down, they are to be converted—filled with a new spirit. 
In the old days the Methodists used to invite people forward to 
the mourner’s bench and ask them if they had a desire to lead a 


SOCIAL TASK OF THE CHURCH IN AMERICA 37 


new life. When we can get industrial organizations and labor 
organizations to take that kind of attitude it will be worth 
while. . 

May I stop here long enough to say this, if 1 want to get a 
report on industrial affairs, I go first to the Information Ser- 
vice of the Federal Council of Churches. Next the New York 
World probably makes the best statements concerning the labor 
situation in the country. I wish to record here my thanks and 
appreciation and the thanks and appreciation of a great many 
people I know of to the splendid service being rendered by the 
Federal Council’s Research Department in holding the facts 
squarely before the people. 

Some ecclesiastic may indeed come along, very probably a 
Bishop, and say, “Now, my brother, say these things about our 
industrial order, but say them in such a way as not to make 
any trouble.” Not so very long ago there was an article written 
and submitted to a publisher. In giving his opinion on that 
article the publisher said: “We wish you had not stated your 
social criticism in such a way as to attract so much attention.” 
Well, if there is to be utterance, there has to be utterance to 
' somebody; we do not just say something without regard to 
whether anybody hears it or not. If we are going to utter 
truth we may as well utter it to somebody, particularly the 
somebodies that need it most. It is a travesty on the Gospel to 
say the Lord sowed the seed of social change and left it at 
that. To use the old argument, He did not indeed attack 
slavery in the Roman Empire, it is true. I suppose thousands 
upon thousands of the members of the early Christian Church 
were slaves, and yet Jesus said nothing about slavery directly. 
But when we say that Jesus talked in the abstract we forget the 
way He did talk. He did talk to the holders of certain vested 
interests, the Pharisees, who had the same regard for the law 
a certain type of lawyer has today—thinking of the law as 
something entirely sacred in itself. Jesus spoke up concerning 
that system—He talked about blind guides, about those who 
held the key of knowledge and kept people out of knowledge; 
He spoke in definite terms that anybody could understand; 
there was hardly a single abstract utterance in all the speech of 
Jesus. Jesus was not put to death because He was a quiet 
seeker for abstract truth, and He was not put to death, on the 
other hand, because anybody thought He was an actual seeker 
for kingship; was put to death because He was saying things 
in such a fashion that the vested systems of that time were in 
danger if He were to keep on speaking. 

There are actual social issues to be dealt with at the present 


38 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


time, with no mincing about them, if we are to have the spirit 
of Jesus. For example, racial exclusiveness that will do away 
with the “gentleman’s agreement” with Japan and vote for an 
exclusion act, or selfishness that shrinks from making adequate 
protection for children by a child labor law. What is the use 
of talking around about all this in a way that nobody under- 
stands? It is the business of the Church, while letting every 
individual have his opinion and every man have his own judg- 
ment, to have these things brought out into the open. 

Abraham Lincoln expressed a characteristic Americanism of 
his day when he said, “It is the hope of every American mother 
that her boy may grow up to be the President of the United 
States.” We don’t stop to consider such a possibility now. The 
chance is too small. Likewise in industry the chance is small 
for any one worker coming to the head of the industry. The 
line of advance today has to be the general uplifting of the con- 
ditions under which all laborers work. Now, to get the labor 
point of view, we must look to the man who knows he is just 
moderate in ability and knows he has to stay in about the place 
in the ranks where he finds himself. 

The best thing we can do for the mass of laborers 1s to show 
them that the Church really desires above all that they shall 
be treated. with justice. There are certain elements of fairness 
that the minister must think of and these must be brought out 
into the light. Take, for example, these investigators that are 
running over the country finding out what the laborer is doing 
with that four hours extra of leisure—since the abandonment 
of the twelve-hour day. What business is it of ours what he 
is doing unless we are willing to tell what we are doing with 
our time? How would we like it if some committee of labor- 
ing men came up and knocked on our doors and said, ‘What 
do you do with your time?” 

Our Protestant membership is largely of a particular class 
and we ought to be a Church of all people. We are a Church 
of the great middle classes; we are a kind of cross section of 
the American people. We have not perhaps as close alliance 
with the members of the possessing classes as we think we 
ought to have, but, no matter about that, we certainly have not 
such connection with those that labor with their hands as we 
ought to have. The Roman Catholic Church now is the only 
one that in actual practice takes the laborer’s problems seri- 
ously. We Protestants pass resolutions about labor, but in the 
matter of concrete issues it is very hard to arouse much in- 
terest. The signs are indeed improving all the time; the day- 
light is increasing, and after a while, of course, it will be much 


SOCIAL TASK OF THE CHURCH IN AMERICA 39 


better than it is now, but we have hardly started dealing with 
the problem. Meantime we lose for the Church and I covet 
for the Church the kind of intelligence to be found in men 
that work with their hands. Such men have a type of mental 
training that you and I miss whose hands have never been 
hardened. Ina school where manual training was being taught 
a boy asked what was the use of it. A teacher replied, “My 
boy, remember this: in history or Latin you make a mistake 
and it will possibly not be noticed, but here if you make a mis- 
take you will get your fingers cut.”” The man that works with 
his hands has a possibility of training in honest workmanship 
of value for spiritual integrity. There are four million workers 
connected with the organized labor groups and large numbers 
of them not connected with the Church. It is our business to 
stand up for the ideals of plain social justice for these workers 
and to stand for these ideals in concrete and not merely general 
terms. 

I plead for the radical in our Churches; I mean the radical 
in the literal sense of honestly getting down to the roots of 
things. The radical stings us; he will not let us rest until 
something has been done. He holds the essentially Christian 
ideals up high. I thank God for the radicals (if you want to 
call them that) who hold up the ideal of the Gospel without 
any too great regard as to what the immediate consequences 
are going to be. 

Sometimes the radical overdoes it, but we cannot get away 
from him with easy consciences. I do not happen to be a con- 
scientious objector as ordinarily understood, but God forgive 
me if I try to seal anybody’s mouth these days who seek to 
speak conscientiously. Let the conscientious objector talk. 
Those that stand for militarism fear the conscientious objector 
more than they fear anyone else. I cannot make out why so 
many Christian ministers say what they do about the con- 
scientious objector. I heard one say, “I put the pacifist on the 
same plane with the bootlegger,’ and what puzzled me was that 
he said a great deal fiercer things about objectors than I have 
ever heard him say about bootleggers. I can’t understand this ; 
it is a mystery tome. The objectors may be mistaken, but they 
are on our side—I mean the side of all who are against war. 
When you find men who will go to prison for their convictions 
about war they advance the cause as we better balanced spirits 
never can hope to do. 

As to some of our Church resolutions on social questions, 
they remind me of that story told about a good clergyman who 
had in his congregation a brother with a high piping voice and 


40 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


a gift of extemporaneousness. He was liable to start a sen- 
tence, not knowing how he was coming out. Called upon to 
pray, he once started out after this fashion: “Oh Lord, bless 
our dear pastor. Thou seeest the greatness of his devotion; 
he moves about always to do good. Oh Lord, may he go up 
and down our streets like a roaring lion’— Well, he saw he 
had made a mistake and he started again—“like a roaring lion, 
oh Lord—DOING GOOD.” When I read through Church 
resolutions about the awful sin of war, I too often see some- 
thing that takes all the sting out—‘“doing good.” We start to 
say something on the yellow race question, the Negro question, 
and we end with some “doing good” that takes the sting out of 
it. We cannot spare the type of man who will speak out with- 
out always thinking of the consequences. 

The founders of the early Church were always venturing 
something, risking something. These latter days also are poor 
days for a smug and complacent Church. We must have 
prophets, we must keep open a place for them, we must give 
them a chance to be heard. They do not ask for much. They 
know well enough that they are not going to be called to occupy 
some of the leading pulpits in the country. All manner of evil 
things are sure to be said against them, and good men will join 
in saying these outrageous things. Gilbert Haven—a great 
Methodist leader in anti-slavery days—used to get clippings 
about the terrible things he had said, and holding them up 
before the office force of his paper, used to exclaim, “Feathers, 
feathers”—meaning he had hit the mark he was aiming at. 
The air today gets full of feathers. Various patriotic and 
manufacturing associations send out great clouds of feathers 
every time anything like a child labor amendment is up for 
consideration. The prophetic radical, however, has his com- 
pensations. If I wanted to pick out three or four men who 
seem to understand the New Testament better than any others 
with whom I am familiar I would know where to go to look 
for them. I would go to men who out of persecution have 
entered into that fellowship of the prophets of which Jesus 
spoke and who have come to unerring spiritual understanding 
out of their persecutions. 

A picture comes to me from the olden time. I remember 
that Arthur T. Hadley once said that a particular Biblical pas- 
sage stirs him more than any other passage in the Old Testa- 
ment, a passage in the book of Daniel. There were certain men 
that, according to the Book of Daniel, stood up against certain 
abuses in the old Babylonian court. They did not make any 
objections to those of Babylon that bowed before the official 


SOCIAL TASK OF THE CHURCH IN AMERICA Al 


idols—they were not propagandists ; they simply stood for their 
own personal convictions and refused to bow down. The king 
said, “Unless you bow down and worship my idols I will cast 
you into a furnace heated seven times seven.” 

And then came the reply, “Hear! O King! our Lord is able 
to deliver us from a furnace heated seven times seven.” Now 
comes the thrilling passage—“but if not, we will not bow down 
anyhow.” An attendant who dared to creep up close to the 
furnace door to see what had become of the three conscien- 
tious objectors, cried, “There is a fourth there.” Creep up to 
the furnace door of a persecution that burns the prophets to- 
day. Get close enough and you will see that they are not alone. 
One is in the furnace with them whose presence counts for 
more than that of all the mighty ones of the court of Babylon. 


THE CHURCH AND WORLD PEACE 


I. By HonoraBLtE WILLIAM FE. SWEET 
Governor of Colorado 


I have made the long trip from Denver to Atlanta to ad- 
dress the Federal Council of the Churches because of my 
deepening conviction that this body can, with proper support, 
do more than any other in the world to abolish war. 

The most urgent question before the nations of the world 
today is the establishment of universal peace. It is urgent, 
not only because war is wrong, but because nations are rap- 
idly forgetting the horrors of the World War. With the 
return of normal conditions in Europe, the nations will revert 
to the ancient idea that war is an entirely legitimate method 
of settling international disputes and not to be regarded with 
abhorrence. 

This viewpoint is becoming increasingly prevalent in the 
United States. Recent events strongly indicate that America 
is preparing for the next war and that the smokescreen of 
preparedness is being used to lull the people into acquiescence 
in the most extensive military program this nation has ever 
adopted. 

At the recent meeting of the League of Nations, the most 
far-reaching step which has ever been taken against war was 
adopted. The nations solemnly declared that aggressive war 
was an international crime. In this protocol for the pacific 
settlement of international disputes the forty-seven nations 
agreed in effect that in the interest of a common civilization, 
a state or nation would give up its ancient sovereignty in the 


42 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


act of waging war and turn that sovereignty into a common 
pool of sovereignties. It may be a long time before this plan 
becomes a reality, but that such a plan could receive the ap- 
proval of the representatives of both France and England indi- 
cates the great distance which the European nations have come 
in the past five years looking toward the establishment of 
peace. 

It is a matter of profound regret to many that the United 
States, not being a member of the League of Nations, had no 
part in the discussion of the protocol. Every act of the League 
is now discussed by us from the standpoint of an outsider and 
not of a member. Our criticism of the recent protocol is 
likely to be hypercritical and hostile, instead of constructive 
and helpful. Already attempts are being made to discredit 
it as an anti-American move by the Japanese. 

It is the duty of the Church to wage war against war un- 
remittingly and courageously. It was General Haig of Eng- 
land who said: “It is the business of the Churches to make 
my business as a soldier impossible.” How many believers 
in the Christian religion would be willing to wage such a war 
against war as would make the business of the soldier im- 
possible? Surely it is most inconsistent to assemble the na- 
tions for a Disarmament Conference one year and celebrate a 
new national holiday “Defense Day” the next. 

Christian people must be convinced that the settlement of 
international disputes by force is inherently wrong, that it is 
sinful, that it is unchristian. The Federal Council of Churches 
declares, ‘“War is the world’s chief collective sin. We are 
convinced that the whole war system of the nations is unnec- 
essary and unchristian.” In view of these conditions it is 
the task of the Churches to create such a public opinion against 
war that a Christian nation cannot sanction it. 

The movement to outlaw war is comparable to the abolition 
of slavery and to the prohibition of the liquor traffic in its 
appeal to the Christian conscience. Christianity is opposed 
to compromising with wrong, therefore the Churches should 
unitedly advocate the outlawry of war as the only method by 
which war can be abolished. 

Senator Borah in his notable article on the “Outlawry of 
War,” in reply to former Secretary Lansing, lays great stress 
upon the value of public opinion in making laws effective. It 
has been said that it is the idea of force behind court man- 
dates which compels obedience to them. Not so. It is re- 
spect for law and the power of public opinion which induces 
obedience. 


THE CHURCH AND WORLD PEACE 43 


It was written of old: “The thing that hath been, it is that 
which shall be; and that which is done is that which shall 
be done; and there is no new thing under the sun.” Thus 
spoke the unknown author of Ecclesiastes. Happily, we of 
the Twentieth Century believe that many things that have been 
shall not be, one of which is war. 

When once aroused, no agency can mould public opinion so 
forcibly as the Church. The Church helped mightily to abolish 
slavery. It helped mightily to achieve national prohibition. 
Once the Church thinks straight and unitedly on a moral issue 
there is a dynamic power in it which cannot be overestimated. 
It meets weekly; its separate groups are held together by 
councils, synods, assemblies and conferences—all of them dele- 
gated bodies. The Church has a virile press of its own. It 
has great financial resources and its educational function in 
schools and colleges is very influential. The pulpit affords a 
forum and a platform for the promulgation of great ideals. 
The Christian conscience of the world can be aroused to make 
its influence count for the outlawry of war. When the Church 
swings its millions of members behind this edict, the days of 
war will be numbered. 


Il. By Hon. WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN 


I am happy to address this body because I regard the Fed- 
eral Council of the Churches as the most promising organiza- 
tion of which I know. It is built on the right basis and its 
constituency is made up of those who exert the greatest 
influence. 

The Christian Church is the hope of world peace. It be- 
lieves in the things that must underlie world peace—the things 
without which no permanent peace is possible. The Church 
believes in God, and believes that God who made us, made 
all men and made them to be brothers. It believes in Christ 
who died not for one nation or race, but forall. If the Church 
cannot end war, there is no organization on earth that can. 

How are the Churches to do this? 


The Will-to-Peace 


First of all, they must join in creating the will-to-peace. 
If people follow Nietzsche in exalting the will-to-power as the 
one virtue, we shall have no lasting peace. The Church must 
teach the people to desire peace,—that is the bottom need. It 
must educate men to understand that it is as noble to live 
for one’s country as to die for it. The Church must show 


44 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


them, also, the costliness of war, not in dollars and lives alone, 
but in ideals as well. The present increase in acts of violence 
throughout the world is due in part to our training men for 
years to kill one another. ; 

And the Church should warn the people that we cannot 
trust our military men to decide how much we shall spend 
in preparing for war. If we were to let our tailors decide 
how much we are to spend for clothes, most of us would soon 
be bankrupt! A British statesman remarked once that if we 
left it to military men, they would proceed to fortify us against 
a prospective attack from the moon! 

The Church should help the people to believe that disarma- 
ment is possible. I should like to see the United States send 
representatives to the European nations to say: “Jf you will 
get together, arrange to live in peace and disarm, we will tear 
up your obligations of eleven billion dollars to us. On these 
terms—and on no others—will we remit your debts.” I should 
rather have disarmament than eleven billion dollars any day, 
and from a strictly business standpoint it would be a good 
bargain. 

The Machinery for Peace 


But we must have also the machinery for peace; it ts as 
necessary as the desire. Electricity had been running up and 
down the world, as lightning, since the beginning of time; but 
only when it was harnessed to a machine did it become service- 
able to man. Likewise the desire for peace has been long 
abroad, but there has been no sufficient machinery for peace. 

What machinery should we now try to get? 

First of all let us enter the World Court. That is the first 
and most obvious step. 

Secondly, we should help to develop a tribunal that has 
authority to settle all questions for which a settlement has 
hitherto been sought by war. Our nation may reserve the 
right to decide for itself what its course of action is to be 
after a thorough investigation by a judicial body has been 
made. The point to insist upon is that every question should 
be submitted. for investigation. If this is done, the decisions 
need not depend on force; they are more likely to be just, if 
they do not depend on force. The only support they need is 
that of the appeal of their own intrinsic worth to public 
opinion. We would be in the League of Nations today if 
there had been a reservation about independent action after 
investigation had been made, and there can be no doubt that 
the other nations would be glad to have the United States 
in the League on those terms today. 


THE CHURCH AND WORLD PEACE 45 


Public opinion at last controls everything and if the Church 
helps to form that, it will be having the mightiest possible 
influence for peace. 


III. By Frorence E. ALLEN 
Justice of the Supreme Court of Ohio 


That aggressive war be declared a crime under the law of 
nations, and that its use as a means of settlement of disputes 
be abolished, is the next indispensable step needed to stop war. 
Unless war be outlawed, nations must be armed just as men 
must carry arms wherever murder is the rule. 

We must enact international law, and that law must include 
a declaration that war is a crime against civilization and pen- 
alize it under the laws of the nation. There is now no law, not 
even any declaration, forbidding war. 

War is not legally nor internationally a crime. Fighting be- 
tween individuals, unless in self-defense, is criminal. Purpose- 
ful and malicious killing, except in self-defense, is murder. 
Wars are now illegal and criminal only when they are wars 
like our own Revolution of 1776. We have to make the world 
agree that international war, unless in actual self-defense, is 
criminal, is murder. 

We have certain laws about war, but none against war. 
There are laws as to how war shall be made, but they do not 
forbid war. 

When the international code is written, condemning war as 
murder, nations claiming self-defense will have to come within 
that law in order to justify a war. The form the law should 
take is plain. It should declare that war is a crime against 
civilization and outlaw it as such. It must be enacted by the 
civilized world. It need not be enacted by Legislature nor 
Parliament. It can be enacted by the League of Nations or it 
can be enacted by a simple international conference as a uni- 
versal treaty. America, the first great nation to live in friend- 
ship with her fellow nations, should call a conference to outlaw 
war. She should, without waiting for other nations, make her 
own declaration of policy not to resort to war. Such a dec- 
laration by the most powerful nation in the world would have 
profound effect. 

How the outlawry of war and the international code should 
be enforced is equally plain. It should be enforced by a court 
with affirmative jurisdiction, which can call before it nations 
attempting to make war and to defy the moral law. For this 
two things are necessary. First, the affirmative jurisdiction to 


46 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


hear the merits of the dispute, just as our Supreme Court has 
jurisdiction over the States, and secondly, the code, the law. 

The court decrees must not be enforced by physical power. 
You cannot eliminate force between nations by using force. 
The nations will never consent to a super-government resting 
on force. Laws are not enforced through physical power 
only; they are also enforced through public opinion. 


IV. By Proressor JAMES T. SHOTWELL 


Director, Division of Economics and History, Carnegie Endowment 
for International Peace 


In the entirely new action of the League of Nations em- 
bodied in the Protocol of Geneva a substitute for war has at 
last been proposed. Yet the Protocol of Geneva has been 
received in this country with all the prejudices of the old party 
struggle over the League of Nations. It has been commented 
upon in sneering tones by smart, young writers. It is time for 
it to be studied carefully by those whose opinions would be 
worth while. The essence of the Protocol is easily understood, 
although its details are very intricate. It begins by three main 
points which underlie the whole structure. 

First, aggressive war is a crime. 

eRe ts the States take a mutual obligation not to be guilty 
of it. 

Third, the definition of aggression is the refusal to accept 
recourse to a peaceful method of international settlement. This 
settlement may be through three main channels: (a) through 
the Permanent Court of International Justice, (b) the use of 
arbitration, (c) through mediation and conciliation of the 
Council or Assembly of the League of Nations for those coun- 
tries which belong to the League. 

Any State not using these means to settle its quarrels before 
going into war is henceforth declared to be an aggressor state. 
Any overt act of war when not preceded by these methods of 
prevention is an aggression. 

_ This enables us to outlaw aggressive wars. But if aggres- 
sive wars are put down, if the machinery to outlaw war 
works —and that depends upon the public opinion of the 
world—there will be no more victims to aid, no more defense 
to be applied. The whole war machine will lose its justifica- 
tion when aggression is driven from the field. 

There is nothing in all this program which lessens in any 
way our national security, there is nothing in it on the con- 
trary which does not increase our influence while leaving us 


THE CHURCH AND WORLD PEACE 47 


our full measure of independence. In following it we can 
recover once more the ground which has been slipping beneath 
our feet for leadership in policies based upon justice. This, 
with adherence to the World Court, would be a forward- 
looking program. But to win we must unite. 


THE AMERICAN CHURCHES AND THE JAPANESE 
EXCLUSION ACT 


I. By Hon. Cyrus E. Woops 
Former Ambassador of the United States to Japan 


The Japanese Exclusion Act was, in my judgment, an inter- 
national disaster of the first magnitude,—a disaster to Amer- 
ican diplomacy in the Far East, a disaster to American business, 
a disaster to religion and the effective work of our American 
Churches in Japan. 

The ultimate consequences of that act cannot yet be fully 
forecast, for what we do or fail to do during the coming year 
or two will determine the degree of the disaster. The right 
handling of the question in the near future will, indeed, go far 
toward wiping out the harm that has been done. Failure to 
take appropriate action will confirm, deepen and extend it. 

The purpose of Congress was, no doubt, to stop further 
Japanese immigration, on the assumption that a flood of Japa- 
nese was still entering the United States. Congress could not 
have realized that Japan accepted the principle of exclusion 
in 1908, since which date the Japanese Government has been 
loyally cooperating with the Government of the United States 
in carrying out that policy. As a result of the Gentlemen’s 
Agreement, then entered into, more Japanese males have left 
the United States than have entered by 22,737. The coming 
of Japanese women to join their husbands or to be married to 
young men already here, permitted by the Agreement, has re- 
sulted in an increase of foreign-born Japanese in Continental 
America during the sixteen years for which we have the figures 
(1909-1923) of only 8,681. 

Japan, moreover, had officially stated more than once that 
she was prepared to make the provisions of the Agreement even 
more rigid. She officially stated that the drastic restriction of 
immigration into America is a domestic matter concerning 
which she has nothing to say. 

It is therefore clear that what Congress wanted could have 
been secured with Japan’s cordial consent and cooperation. It 


48 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


is also clear that the issue in the mind of Japan was not immi- 
gration but something else. 

From the standpoint of my special opportunities of knowl- 
edge, I wish to state with utmost clearness and emphasis that 
what Japan resented was not exclusion but humiliating race 
discrimination. And the tragedy lies in the fact that Congress 
could have secured what it felt needful and yet have secured 
it in a way that would have avoided affronting Japan; would 
have preserved the historic friendship and promoted the prac- 
tice of cooperation in dealing with this and with every difficult 
issue in the problems of the Far East. 

Without one compensating advantage, Congress has thrown 
away one of the most important American assets in solving the 
problems of the Pacific and has, at the same time, created 
utterly needless feelings of mortification, humiliation, and dis- 
trust, with fresh and as yet unknowable potential factors of 
difficulty in maintaining the permanent peace of the Far East. 

The remarkable changes within Japan herself and in her 
policies in China and Siberia that flowed out of the Washing- 
ton Conference on Limitation of Armament, which were 
fundamentally due to the rising power of the liberal movement 
in Japan, together with the extraordinary appreciation by 
Japan of America’s prompt and generous help in her hour of 
calamities of earthquake and fire, had given America unparal- 
leled influence in the inner life of Japan. America, philan- 
thropic, democratic, Christian, stood before Japan as a nation 
that in many of the most important elements of civilization was 
to be emulated and followed. Full cooperation with America 
in all the difficult problems of the new day was fast becoming 
the accepted ideal of Japan’s people as the true way for them. 

Seldom, if ever, has the potential influence of one nation on 
the free inner life of another been so ascendant as was Amer- 
ica’s influence in Japan in January, 1924. It was powerfully 
affecting every phase of Japan’s mental outlook, political de- 
velopments and alignments, business relations, educational pro- 
cedures, and international friendships and policies. Japan had 
developed a fine trust in America’s spirit of justice, fair piay 
and humanity. Christianity, slowly disclosed to them through 
decades of faithful missionary work, was suddenly revealed to 
the entire people as really molding the life of the American 
people, giving them not only the ideals but also the actual prac- 
tice of programs for peace, for brotherhood and for service 
to humanity. 

When, however, it became clear in April that the immigra- 
tion bill would pass in spite of the objections of Secretary 


AMERICAN CHURCHES AND JAPANESE EXCLUSION ACT 49 


Hughes and President Coolidge, in spite of the offers of the 
Japanese Government to make any desired adjustments of the 
Agreement, in spite of the knowledge that such a law would 
affront and deeply wound the inmost heart and soul of the Jap- 
anese people, in spite of the honorable fulfillment by Japan of 
the Gentlemen’s Agreement, then an America suddenly loomed 
up before them which in their judgment was wholly. different 
from the America they had learned to work with, to trust, to 
admire and to be grateful to. 

Delegations from all classes of society, from the highest to 
the lowest, called upon me in Tokyo. Strong men, national 
leaders, in tones of deepest concern and sometimes in tears, 
pled with me to tell America what was happening, hoping 
thereby that Congress might be brought to realize the situation 
before it was too late. 

A Japanese committed suicide near the American Embassy 
in protest and in expiation of Japan’s honor. His pathetic 
letter told of his acceptance of the Christian faith because it 
disclosed a God of all mankind, a God of love and a world of 
human brotherhood. This Christian teaching had satisfied his 
inner craving. But this Exclusion Act of America had shat- 
tered his faith; Christianity was itself false; there is no God, 
no universal brotherhood. 

A prominent Japanese pastor, a graduate of Yale, told me 
that his people could not understand why a country which sent 
missionaries abroad preaching the doctrine of the brotherhood 
of mankind could make such a discrimination. It can readily 
be seen from this that the Christian movement in Japan has 
been dealt a staggering blow. 

Americans should realize that Japan was concerned, not with 
the question of immigration, but with that of race humiliation. 
Japan and all her people, from highest to lowest, wish to be 
accepted and treated as one of the equal races of mankind. All 
emphatically repudiate any implication that color and race are 
badges of inferiority or unfitness to be given equality of race 
treatment in any part of the world. I believe Congress had no 
deliberate intention to humiliate and affront Japan. It never- 
theless in fact did so. 

The consequences of the exclusion law, if not soon over- 
come, are grave beyond all ordinary comprehension. It will 
affect business intercourse, turning to Europe and elsewhere 
trade that would normally have come here. 

The military party in Japan and the tendency to set in sharp 
antithesis the Yellow races against the White have been given 


50 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


a mighty impulse, portending disaster to Japan, to China and 
to the whole world in proportion as the movement succeeds. 

In proportion as militarism is ascendant in Japan will it be 
difficult for America to reduce her load of armament, even 
though no actual armed conflict comes for many decades, and 
the economic and social disaster to America of ever-increasing 
armaments on the Pacific can not be easily estimated. 

That which now needs to be done is to follow the suggestion 
of Secretary Hughes. He asked that Japan be placed on the 
quota basis. This would admit only 146 immigrants annually 
until July, 1927, and thereafter only 150. This amount is 
negligible, and I am sure that in the enforcement of such a 
provision America will have the loyal cooperation of the Jap- 
anese Government. 

I am therefore of opinion, and in that opinion I know you 
will concur, that while the question is a difficult one and beset 
with many thorny aspects, yet it is one which our Christian 
leaders must face and for which a Christian and a practical 
solution must be found. 


II. By Rev. A. K. ReEIscHAvER, oF Tokyo 
Representative of the National Christian Council of Japan 


We must distinguish between the method by which Japanese 
exclusion was brought about and the thing itself. Probably 
most Americans deplore the method adopted. It seemed so 
hopelessly stupid and crude. But it is now no longer merely 
the method adopted that Japan resents; many Japanese resent 
the thing itself. They see the reasonableness of a law that 
excludes immigrants who are “ineligible” to citizenship, but it 
looks to them as a color and race prejudice and a deliberate 
attempt to brand them as “undesirables and inferiors.” Espe- 
cially does it seem so to them, when they see how we still admit 
peoples who are racially as far removed from us as are the 
Japanese, and who in spiritual kinship are much farther from 
us. If black, red and colored peoples of- all shades can be 
American citizens, as millions of them are, and if Japanese 
born in America and Filipinos now entering are eligible, how 
can anyone seriously contend that no Japanese born in Japan, 
no matter how white his soul nor how great his spiritual 
achievement, should be eligible? Surely America’s ideal re- 
quirement for citizenship must be more than a mere matter of 
geography. 

Already the effect on Christianity in Japan has been serious. 
Japanese Christians are put in a difficult position. If they are 


AMERICAN CHURCHES AND JAPANESE EXCLUSION ACT a1 


friendly with Americans they are looked upon by some as dis- 
loyal to Japan. If, on the other hand, they declare their inde- 
pendence of American Christianity, they feel that they will be 
misunderstood by Americans and that they are breaking a fel- 
lowship which means so much to them. It takes little imagina- 
tion to picture what would happen to all American mission 
work in Japan if Christians here should treat this as a “closed 
incident.’ Sooner or later it will mock all missionaries in the 
Orient. 

But Japanese Christians have not lost faith in us, and there 
are other thousands who still believe that we will do the right 
thing. It may be difficult to find a solution that will conserve 
the apparently conflicting interests of the two nations. America 
must, on the one hand, achieve a greater degree of homo- 
geneity among her citizens through education, through restric- 
tion and selection of immigrants. Japan, on the other hand, 
has a right to receive most-favored-nation treatment and not be 
discriminated against. 

To work out a harmony between these two fundamental 
needs and rights of the two nations is our big task, and our 
first step in working this out should be the creation of a High 
Commission made up of intelligent, representative Americans 
and Japanese who would study the perplexing problems scien- 
tifically and in a spirit of friendship. The result of such a 
commission’s work might well lead to something like the 
following: 


First—The mutual exclusion of laborers, and possibly even 
the withdrawal by the Japanese Government of some of 
her citizens now in America. 


Second—Putting Japan on the quota basis after a certain 
date—possibly requiring a higher standard for immigrants 
from Japan than for certain European immigrants be- 
cause racial difference may make them less assimilable. 

Third—Giving all Japanese in America and those admitted 
on the quota basis the right of naturalization and equal 
treatment with others. 


THE PRESENT CRISIS IN EUROPEAN 
PROTESTANTISM 


By Rev. ADOLF KELLER 


Secretary, Central Bureau for the Relief of the Evangelical Churches 
of Europe 


European Protestantism as a whole still suffers deeply from 
the consequences of the war. It is true that on the Continent 
there are four or five countries, such as Denmark, Norway, 
Holland, Sweden and Switzerland, where we feel the hardness 
of the times but where we cannot speak of real suffering. We 
in these little countries, however, feel the danger for the whole 
European Protestantism lying in the fact that the great ma- 
jority of the European Protestant Churches are going through 
a very serious economic crisis. These five little countries on the 
European Continent are making the greatest efforts to come to 
the rescue of the suffering Churches. 

We cannot do this great work alone. We look towards 
American Protestantism to help us. We hope that the denom- 
inations which have no sister Churches in Europe, in a feeling 
of larger Protestant responsibility, will collaborate more and 
more in the efforts to save in the European Churches what is 
menaced and to build up what is necessary for strengthening 
European Protestantism as a whole. 

It is true that since the stabilization of the currency in some 
of the countries the situation has slightly improved. But this 
improvement is not yet felt in thousands of manses and innu- 
merable evangelical institutions which have to live on private 
gifts. 

A difference must be made between relief work and the 
necessity of finding help for constructive tasks with which the 
Churches are confronted. Relief is still necessary for innu- 
merable pastors’ families, especially where sickness enters a 
house. Such need can still be found all over France, Germany, 
Austria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Roumania, Latvia, 
Lithuania, not to speak of Russia. 

Beside such personal need, there are a great number of men- 
aced evangelical institutions such as children’s homes, orphan- 
ages, deaconess houses which need help. But I think that 
after the many reports we have made to the Churches most 
American Christians realize that there are still hungry children 
and sick and old people who need food and clothes and shelter. 
It is also known that many of the evangelical institutions can 


52 


PRESENT CRISIS IN EUROPEAN PROTESTANTISM 53 


be supported only with foreign help. This is especially so 
with the institutions of the former Austro-Hungarian mon- 
archy. 

More particularly I should draw your attention to the new 
constructive tasks which must be undertaken. It seems to me 
that American Protestantism can be of a real and great help 
for the evangelization of many European sections, for building 
up an “Inner Mission” in Churches which have not been able 
hitherto to begin such work, and in teaching us new methods 
in all kinds of social work. The European Churches begin to 
see more and more that their old Church work is not sufficient 
for the evangelization of the present-day generation. Modern 
paganism cannot be reached by the minister who is doing sim- 
ple parish work. 

The work of evangelization in all the European countries is 
one of the most urgent necessities. The attempts which are 
being made in Spain and Belgium, in Germany where the 
People’s Mission has been started, in Austria, where Pastor 
Monsky is doing a courageous work, and in Roumania, where 
several travelling preachers find work enough, is very hopeful. 

This work should be done in close connection with the na- 
tional Churches themselves. But they lack men and means; 
and here is the point where America could really lend us a 
hand. Not only by granting the necessary means, but by help- 
ing us to train our men, using your experience and methods, 
which, however, should always be assimilated to our mentality, 
and to our national and confessional peculiarities. The door is 
open to you for such welcome cooperation. 

The situation on the Continent of Europe is the more acute 
because a fight of self-defense has been imposed upon the 
Evangelical Churches by the Roman Catholic aggressiveness, 
which is the distinctive feature in the present-day situation. 
Most have heard the proverb that from a military standpoint 
France won the war; from the political, England; from the 
economic, America; and from the religious standpoint, the 
Roman Catholic Church. 

We do not complain if the Roman Catholic Church is 
strengthening its position, is uniting and collecting its forces. 
It must also be said that present-day Catholicism in countries 
where it has come into contact with the Reformation is inspired 
with a new religious spirit, with a new love of Christ and His 
Church, and has also in some parts started a social activity 
which deserves our admiration. 

But there can be no doubt that the Roman Catholic aims go 
far beyond the desire of strengthening the old positions and 


54 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


of deepening the religious life in the Church. The hope is 
openly expressed that the time has come to heal the schism of 
the Church and to win back the lost territories. Not only little 
provincial periodicals, but even such an official organ as the 
Osservatore Romano has been outspoken enough to say that 
the time is not far distant when Germany, for instance, or 
England, will come back to the “infallible Church.” 

A great propaganda for the conversion of the Protestants, 
directed especially by the Jesuits, the specific anti-Protestant 
order, has begun. Societies with these specific aims have been 
formed and campaigns have been organized not only in Ger- 
many, but in such old Protestant countries as Holland, Scot- 
land, and even the Scandinavian countries, where a special 
apostolic Legate has been sent for this purpose. The Pope 
has sent his Nuncios into nearly all countries where it has been 
possible to create such centers of Roman influence. 

In Germany last year 88 evangelical institutions had to be 
closed for lack of funds, but since 1919 more than 700 Roman 
Catholic institutions and monasteries have been opened in that 
country. The 65 per cent of Protestants have 16,700 pastors; 
the 33 per cent of Catholics have an army of 22,262 priests. 

Against this Roman Catholic aggressiveness we do not wish 
to struggle with political or worldly means. The only thing 
which we can do and are allowed to do is to strengthen our 
own Churches, to unite our forces, to deepen our religious life 
and to lend mutually a brotherly hand. We are still far away 
from having the necessary organs for expressing the united 
voices of Protestantism. Such union alone will have the 
effect which is not within the power of this or that single 
Church. 

But many of our Protestant communities have to face all 
sorts of political and financial manoeuvres from the other side. 
There are, for instance, numerous institutions whose property 
is in danger of being bought by Roman Catholic institutions or 
whose opportunities for buying neighboring lands or houses 
which they need for enlarging their activity are snatched away 
by a well organized Roman financial enterprise. What a help 
it would be at the present time, when most of the Churches 
have heavy constructive tasks, if we could have a Protestant 
loan fund or at least a bank credit guaranteed by the great 
Protestant bodies, in order to enable us to act without delay 
in such emergencies ! 

We cannot wait for collections when an orphanage, as re- 
cently in Poland, is in danger of falling down, or when, as in 
Spain, the Jesuits were on the point of buying an evangelical 


PRESENT CRISIS IN EUROPEAN PROTESTANTISM 55 


college, which was saved almost by a miracle. We should be 
ready, then, at once, because a general Protestant feeling of 
responsibility and brotherliness would have already prepared 
the action necessary at a given moment. 

We are already doing what we can to defend ourselves, to 
save what is menaced, to strengthen the faith and courage of 
our sister Churches. But do you think that we have greater 
obligations because we are nearer, or because we are sister 
denominations? We do not care for denominational interests 
in a moment when the whole house is burning. The Central 
Bureau tries at least to find help for all who are in need. But 
we cannot do this work alone, therefore we stretch out our 
hands towards America. 









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PART II 


THE PLATFORM AND POLICIES OF THE 
FEDERAL COUNCIL 


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FUTURE POLICIES IN COOPERATIVE WORK 


(Adopted by the Quadrennial Meeting of the Federal Council of 
the Churches, December 6, 1924) 


In preparation for this quadrennial meeting of the Federal 
Council of the Churches of Christ in America, the Adminis- 
trative Committee, at its meeting on February 8, 1924, voted 
to appoint a special Committee to recommend to the Council, 
for its consideration, the main outlines of policy to be pursued 
during the next four years. This Committee was to be made 
up of representatives of the various constituent bodies and to 
be chosen in conference with their official authorities. After 
such conference the Committee was constituted of the under- 
signed members at the meeting of the Administrative Com- 
mittee on September 19, and now presents its report. 

We have reviewed with great interest the Report of the 
Committee on Methods of Cooperation presented to the quad- 
rennial meeting of the Council in Boston in 1920, and we have 
sought to recall the situation which existed then, to compare it 
with our situation today and to mark the progress which has 
been made during the quadrennium. Regarding this progress 
there cannot, we think, be any doubt. It can be discerned 
clearly in every department of the work of the Council, in the 
common assertion of the Churches through the Council of their 
deep convictions on such subjects as peace, international jus- 
tice and goodwill, justice and goodwill within the nation, child 
welfare, respect for law and lawful authority, and the coopera- 
tive action of the Churches in evangelism, education and re- 
search, in works of mercy and relief, in sympathetic assistance 
to sister Churches in Europe, and in the effort to work out the 
Christian solution of the difficult problems of race relationships. 
As the Board of Finance will report, very satisfactory progress 
has been made also in the increase of the financial support of 
the Council by the bodies which comprise it. 

Clear as the progress of the past quadrennium has been, 
however, it is perhaps more difficult now than it was four years 
ago to analyze confidently and surely the situation of the 
Churches with regard to the question of their cooperative re- 
lations and united action. And yet we are constrained by all 
the evidence which we have been able to gather to believe, first, 
that the Churches realize more deeply than ever before their 
need of such an instrument as the Federal Council; secondly, 
that they perceive more clearly its adaptation to their need as a 
representative and responsible agency created by them and ex- 


59 


60 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


isting for them, and constituting not an independent organiza- 
tion separate from the Churches, but simply a common medium 
wholly within their control; thirdly, that they see more dis- 
tinctly than ever before the magnitude and importance of the 
tasks which they must accomplish cooperatively and unitedly. 

Perhaps we may venture to summarize some of the evidence 
to which we have referred as supplying a basis for our positive 
recommendations as to the policies of the Council for the en- 
suing four years. 


1. It seems clear that there are certain distinct fields of the 
Churches’ responsibility in which there are a greater readiness 
and desire for cooperation, because in these fields it is obvious 
that no one denomination can act for all or can ever act effec- 
tively for itself without associated action by others. Among 
these fields of action, for example, are (a) the relation of the 
Churches to great issues of social welfare, like the temperance 
question, prohibition and respect for law; (b) the problems of 
war, disarmament and peace; (c) the problems of race and 
race relations; (d) works of mercy and relief. 

2. The doctrinal discussions which have shaken some de- 
nominations and which have attracted wide general attention 
have had, in the judgment of some, the unexpected effect of 
drawing the Churches together in the sense of common prob- 
lems and common experiences . The denominations have been 
facing similar, if not identical, issues and have realized the 
community of their life and problems. The people of kindred 
mind in different bodies have been drawn together irrespective 
of denominational relationships. None of the denominations 
has been divided, and this cohesion within each denomination 
has demonstrated the possibility of interdenominational fel- 
lowship and endeavor. 

3. Certain fresh aspects of old and abiding problems have 
presented themselves which no one body can hope to solve and 
for which, through common counsel and prayer, a solution 
must be found which each body can use. The greatest of these 
problems is how we may present Christ more compellingly to 
the mind and heart of our day so that He will become the Lord 
of men’s consciences and the Master of their lives. A second 
of these problems is how to bind the past and the future to- 
gether, how to carry over the good of the past that is meant to 
last, how to welcome the new life and strength of youth and to 
save it from waste and futility and bind it in as the connecting 
tissue of what has been and what is to be, how to separate 
grain from chaff in new movements of thought and speech and 


FUTURE POLICIES IN COOPERATIVE WORK 61 


action, to save the grain and destroy the chaff. These are great 
questions for which the denominations must unitedly seek the 
answer. 


4, There is a deep and wide-spread conviction in many dif- 
ferent communions that the conditions which will bring to any 
of them the spiritual renewal and revival which it needs can 
only be provided out of common effort and experience. Just 
as the individual needs the help of fellowship and the life 
which is available not in isolation but only in the corporate 
unity of Christian believers, so the individual communion 1s 
coming to realize that it needs the help of the other communions 
which are members of the One Body and that the health and 
power of each separate part is strengthened by the life of the 
whole. 

5. Lastly, the Protestant Churches see more clearly than ever 
the need of preserving their inheritance of freedom and indi- 
vidual responsibility and at the same time of securing the gain 
of solidarity, of effective organization and of united and ade- 
quately directed effort. We have been afraid of centralization 
and so distrustful of delegated control or authority that we 
have let work go undone and great tasks of the Church lie 
unperformed rather than run the risk of any abridgment of 
our separated autonomies. In other words, we have been a 
mechanism, an assemblage of separate parts, rather than an 
organism, a living and unified body, not only pervaded by a 
common life and trust (these we have had), but also acting 
together in singleness of effort to accomplish common and 
corporate ends. The Churches are truly seeking for a satis- 
factory method of expressing a common life and accomplishing 
a common work, of combining unity and freedom, of preserving 
our Protestant inheritance and yet at the same time fulfilling 
the ideal of the Apostle’s Creed, of the Holy Catholic Church, 
the instrument of Christ for the salvation of the world. 

Whether or not your Committee be right in the details of 
this brief analysis of the present situation, it believes it is 
assuredly right in interpreting the mind of our evangelical 
Churches as desiring and being ready for a policy of wise and 
courageous advance in the work of this Council for the quad- 
rennium just before it. The Committee accordingly desires 
to make the following recommendations : 

1. There should be continued and enlarged emphasis on the 
common and fundamental duty of direct evangelism. All the 
activities of the Council and of the constituent Churches should 
be conceived in true evangelistic terms, as various modes of 


62 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


expressing the Gospel and of accomplishing the purpose of our 
Lord, whom the Father sent to be the Saviour of the world. 
In one sense the work of evangelism is the work of each sepa- 
rate denomination, but there are necessities in this field which 
can only be met cooperatively—the need of shared knowledge 
and experience, of synchronized effort, of coordination of 
plans, of help of the weak by the strong, of steady, united 
presentation of the evangelistic ideal, method and spirit as 
essential elements in the true conception of the Church. The 
need of a great forward movement in evangelism is undeniable. 
Why should it not come now? The spiritual and moral neces- 
sities of the world require it. The resources of God are avail- 
able for it, if drawn upon by united faith. 

We need not only to bring those who do not know Christ to 
a knowledge of the truth, but also to deepen the consecration 
of those who are already Christians. There is no greater need 
today than a more vivid consciousness of the presence of God 
and a fresh experience of His power to renew and transform. 
Here, too, fellowship and cooperation are essential, if the 
richest blessings are to be enjoyed and the most effective 
witness borne. 


2. There should be provision for more immediate, more ade- 
quate and better equipped effort by the Churches to meet the 
great human emergencies, which arise from time to time and 
which the Churches should meet in their own name or rather 
in Christ’s name, with such works of mercy and relief as will 
express to the world the love of Christ going out to men 
through His Church. The right and obligation of the Churches 
to do such work have always been recognized by them. There 
has been a tendency, however, to transfer many such activities 
into the hands of temporary agencies created when disasters 
occur or of permanent organizations existing apart from any 
direct association with the Churches. This tendency, often 
quite satisfactory in results, has developed to a point where the 
question must be raised as to whether the Churches will prac- 
tically relinquish such service altogether. The impossibility of 
this relinquishment is realized when one recognizes that thereby 
the Churches would largely lose the invaluable power of Chris- 
tian testimony which deeds of serving love possess. 

Although the various special agencies which have been 
created are richly supported, and should continue to be sup- 
ported, by the members of the Churches, and although they 
freely acknowledge that support, some of these agencies can- 
not by their very nature convey to the recipients of relief nor 
to mankind at large any open and direct testimony as to the 


FUTURE POLICIES IN COOPERATIVE WORK 63 


Christian love which prompted the support. It would seem 
that the Federal Council might well be the common servant of 
the Churches for the accomplishment of their purpose to en- 
large their direct and collective activity in mercy and relief. 
For some time the Federal Council has had a Committee on 
Mercy and Relief as a sub-committee of the Commission on 
International Justice and Goodwill. Recently this committee 
did active work in securing funds for German relief and for 
the refugees in Greece. Again and again during this service 
the desire was expressed either for a more effective establish- 
ment of the committee or for the creation of a separate com- 
mission, so that the Council might be in a position for prompt 
and wise action in the case of emergencies that may call for it. 
The Council refers the establishment of a separate Committee 
or Commission on Works of Mercy and Relief to the Execu- 
tive Committee for such action as seems expedient. 

3. There should be undiminished effort to set forth the 
Christian view of such questions of social, racial, economic and 
international relationship as demand consideration by the Chris- 
tian Church and the proclamation of that Gospel which was to 
be laid upon every creature, personal and impersonal, and upon 
all human life. Jesus Christ is Lord. We know of no one 
and of nothing, of no interest and no relationship over which 
His Lordship does not extend. This does not mean any 
extension of the Church beyond its proper sphere of action and 
duty. It does mean the faithful proclamation and practice of 
the whole gospel of righteousness and love, of peace and good- 
will, of the Kingdom of God. 

4. We recommend a careful restudy of the service which the 
Churches may reasonably expect of the Council in the field of 
investigation of the rural problems of the Churches and in the 
coordination of effort in this field. It has been represented to 
our Committee that there are aspects of this question which 
are not included in the specialized missionary view of it, and 
with which the Churches in their corporate and ecclesiastical 
character must unitedly deal. 

5. There should be wise and effective expansion of the work 
of the Council in the cooperative study and investigation of 
such conditions as concern the Church, and the results of such 
research should be made available for all the cooperating 
Churches and their various agencies. We approve the plans 
for a more thorough discharge of these duties of the Council 
through a Department of Research and Education, already 
sanctioned by the Executive Committee of the Council. The 


64 FEDERAL, COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Churches need such a common clearing-house of information 
on the moral and religious aspects of contemporary questions. 
Pastors and denominational officials are constantly sending re- 
quests to the Council for data on matters which have perplexed 
them. ) | 

The purpose of the Department of Research is in no sense 
to make pronouncements of policy for any Church or for the 
Council. Its aim is rather to secure impartially the accurate 
information and to present the unbiased analyses which will 
help pastors, denominational agencies and the Council to form 
sound judgments for themselves on great issues on which 
Christian principles must be brought to bear. Where differ- 
ences of opinion exist as to fact or as to the interpretation of 
fact, those differences should be carefully reported. No at- 
tempt should be made to do anything that other agencies are 
doing or will do. The purpose should rather be, first, to col- 
late the results of what has been done in many quarters in a 
form to make them more accessible for all; and, second, to 
undertake such new inquiries as may be found necessary in 
order to secure data needed by the Churches. 


6. It is clear to us that the coming four years will call for 
-constant study of the question of the broader relations of our 
American Evangelical Churches to the Churches of other 
lands. It is not the function of the Council to enter the field 
of denominational international organizations or associations. 
The denominations themselves care for this field. But the pos- 
sibility and necessity of interdenominational international fel- 
lowship are greater than they have ever been. The Churches 
_of America associated in the cooperative life and action of the 
Federal Council must face the call to right relationship and 
true helpfulness toward the rising Churches of Asia and Latin 
America, the Evangelical Churches of Europe, and also the 
Eastern Churches. 

The work of assistance of the Churches of the Continent, so 
effectively cared for by the Central Bureau in Zurich, should 
be enlarged and the resources of our American Churches 
should be more generously brought to the help of the Churches 
of Central and Southeastern Europe, which have suffered so 
terribly from the war. There are few greater responsibilities 
or opportunities confronting us today than to support the 
Evangelical Churches in Europe in their present need and to 
establish closer ties of cooperation with them. 

The situation in Eastern Europe and Western Asia has led 
to such opportunities for development of friendly relations and 
larger fellowship with the Eastern Churches as to cause the 


OO 


FUTURE POLICIES IN COOPERATIVE WORK 65 


Executive Committee a year ago to authorize the formation of 
a special committee for this purpose. We commend this step 
and recommend that the furthering of our fraternal relations 
with these Churches be recognized as a part of the program 
of the Federal Council and that definite steps looking to mutual 
aid be taken as occasion offers. 


7. Recognizing the many interests that we share in common 
with our fellow Christians in Canada and the common prob- 
lems that we face in dealing with American life as a whole, 
we recommend that conference be held with the Churches 
of Canada with a view to the wisest and most helpful relations 
between those Churches and the Churches of the United 
States represented in the Federal Council. 


8. We recommend to the constituent Churches and to the 
Executive and Administrative Committees of the Council that 
an adequate study be made of the place of women in the work 
of the Council. Any of the constituent denominations may 
now name women among their representatives in the Council, 
in accordance with the Constitution of the Council. We would 
deem it a wise and happy thing if they would name a much 
larger number. Provision should be made also for a larger 
number of women on the Executive and Administrative Com- 
mittees and on the various Commissions, where already many 
women are rendering valuable service. We also recommend 
to the Executive and Administrative Committees of the Fed- 
eral Council that they be authorized to appoint from their own 
membership a committee to act with similar committees to be 
appointed by the Federation of Woman’s Boards of Foreign 
Missions and the Council of Women for Home Missions, the 
membership of which shall include representatives from every 
denomination included in those bodies, this joint committee to 
make a study of the place and scope of women’s organized 
work in the Church and the relation that such work should 
bear to the general agencies of the Churches. 

In view of this proposed study, and lest confusion result, we 
further suggest that the bodies referred to—the Federal Coun- 
cil, the Federation of Woman’s Boards of Foreign Missions 
and the Council of Women for Home Missions—refrain. from 
promoting organized women’s work in any form until such 
time as this whole problem shall have been studied and a policy 
agreed upon. 


9. We recognize the wisdom of the present policy of the 
independence and autonomy of local federations and councils 
of churches, amenable directly to the churches of their own 
community. The Federal Council should give special attention 


66 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


to fostering the establishment of such federations and councils 
and the most sympathetic and helpful relations should be main- 
tained between them, with counsel and support extended freely 
on either side. As a means of furthering more helpful rela- 
tionships we would recommend that the Association of Execu- 
tive Secretaries of Local Councils of Churches be invited to 
name a consultative member of the Administrative Committee 
of the Federal Council. 


10. We recommend continued study of the problem of the 
relation of the inter-board agencies to one another and to the 
Council, and also of the problem of the inter-relation of Chris- 
tian agencies which have community programs. Efforts have 
been made during the past quadrennium to help toward the 
solution of the first of these problems through what is known 
as the Consultative Committee, composed of representatives of 
the Federal Council, the Foreign Missions Conference, the 
Home Missions Council, the Federation of Woman’s Boards 
of Foreign Missions, the Council of Women for Home Mis- 
sions, the Council of Church Boards of Education and the 
International Council of Religious Education. Steps toward 
dealing with the second problem have been made through the 
Conference of Allied Christian Agencies doing Community 
Work, and the Committee which has grown out of that Con- 
ference and which has been fostered by the Federal Council’s 
Commission on Councils of Churches. 

The time may not yet be ripe, but our Committee is of the 
deep conviction that we should keep before our eyes the ideal 
of a central cooperative agency, such as the Federal Council 
was designed to be and ought in our judgment to become, be- 
longing wholly to the Churches, controlled and directed by 
them, possessing their complete trust and adequately meeting 
all their cooperative necessities, in which, with no abridgment 
of freedom and autonomy, but with far greater power and 
mutual support, all our present agencies would find a rational 
and efficient coordination in both their community and national 
tasks and in their interboard and interdenominational and in- 
ternational relationships. To some such goal, near or far, we 
are convinced we ought to seek to move in trust and hope and 
steadfastness. 

11. We recommend that the Council and its Commissions 
continue to seek and to cultivate the most harmonious and help- 
ful relations with voluntary bodies engaged in similar tasks. A 
careful adjustment has been reached of present relations of the 
Federal Council’s Commission on International Justice and 
Goodwill with the Church Peace Union and the World Alliance 





FUTURE POLICIES IN COOPERATIVE WORK 67 


for International Friendship through the Churches. There has 
been helpful cooperation with other organizations and move- 
ments for the promotion of peace and justice. It is clear that 
the Churches as Churches functioning through a central coun- 
cil constituted by their action as Churches and directly under 
their authority and control have a work to do which is distinct 
and indispensable, and which they cannot devolve upon any 
other organization or upon any groups of individuals, though 
they may and should seek all possible cooperation and assis- 
tance. In this as in all things we believe that the end we 
should steadily seek is the cooperation of the Churches as such, 
and that all who believe in real cooperative principles should 
work together to strengthen the official interboard and inter- 
denominational endeavors to effect corporate community of 
counsel and action. 

12. The Administrative Committee is laying before the Coun- 
cil recommendations with regard to its By-Laws, in the light 
of the new incorporation by a special act of the Legislature of 
the State of New York, and we present accordingly no report 
on this subject. We do desire, however, to record our judg- 
ment as to the desirability of keeping clear and unbroken the 
historic traditions of the Council and the solid grounding of its 
character and functions in the authority of the Churches. 


13. It falls to our Committee, perhaps, to suggest an outline 
of Commissions for the ensuing quadrennium, leaving author- 
ity, however, to the Executive Committee to make any changes 
which may seem to it wise. It seems clear to us that the fol- 
lowing Commissions, the names of which indicate their impor- 
tant responsibilities, should be continued: 


The Commission on Evangelism and Life Service 

The Commission on the Church and Social Service 

The Commission on the Church and Race Relations 

The Commission on International Justice and Goodwill 

The Commission on Relations with Religious Bodies in Europe (with 
which the Commission on Relations with France and Belgium should 
now be merged) 

The Department of Research and Education 

The Committee on Religious Work on the Canal Zone 

The Committee on Relations with Eastern Churches 

The Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains 

The Editorial Council of the Religious Press 


It is equally clear that the work now being done by the Com- 
mission on Councils of Churches, the Commission on Christian 
Education, and the Commission on Temperance should be con- 
tinued. In view of the fact that in the case of these three 
certain proposals for change of name or relationships are un- 
der consideration, we would refer to the Executive Committee 


68 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


the question as to the specific form in which these interests 
should be cared for. We recommend the Executive Committee 
give consideration also to the addition of a Commission on 
Rural Life. 

We were charged by the Administrative Committee also to 
consider the question of the interior organization of the com- 
missions, especially of their Committees of Direction. It has 
been found very desirable and helpful in some of these bodies 
to seek and secure the presence and counsel of representatives 
of independent organizations working in the field of the Com- 
mission’s interest. This plan has promoted cooperation and 
effective service. It seems to us wise that it should be con- 
tinued, but that such members of the Commissions or Com- 
mittees of Direction should be advisory and limited in number 
to one-third of the Committee, and that they should be ap- 
pointed by the President of the Council on recommendation of 
the officers of the Commission concerned. 


14. As the report of the Board of Finance will show, great 
progress has been made during the past four years in putting 
the Council on a basis of more satisfactory financial support, 
and there is an increasing purpose on the part of the Churches 
to assume the responsible support and direction of the Council. 
At the quadrennial meeting in Boston four years ago, a budget 
of $300,000 a year was approved. As a result of a conserva- 
tive financial policy, the expenditure for each year of the past 
quadrennium has been kept well below this figure. This has 
meant, however, a sacrifice of much important work which has 
been urged upon the Council from many quarters. At the 
meeting in Boston the Council also officially approved the prin- 
ciple that the amount of the budget, as determined by the 
representatives of the constituent denominations in the Coun- 
cil, ought to be provided directly by the denominations. We 
are glad to note that substantial advance in this direction has 
been made, about one-third of the budget having been thus 
provided by the constituent bodies. We would strongly urge 
that the denominations rapidly assume responsibility for their 
equitable shares of a budget of at least $300,000. We also 
approve the Council’s seeking from individuals gifts which will 
increase this budget to the extent which may be approved from 
year to year by the Executive Committee. 


15. Lastly, we note with satisfaction the increased expecta- 
tion and purpose on the part of the Churches to use the Council 
to express their convictions in matters of common interest and 
responsibility. More during the last quadrennium than ever 
before have they looked to the Council to speak, with care and 


FUTURE POLICIES IN COOPERATIVE WORK 69 


yet with courage, their great convictions on questions on which 
the Christian conscience and judgment have felt that they could 
not be silent. The enlarging influence and the grave responsi- 
bility of the Council in these matters calls for the most pru- 
dent exercise of this duty of public statement, and we recom- 
mend that the Council give its approval to the proposal of the 
Executive Committee on this subject, taken at its meeting in 
January, 1921, as follows: 

“Any formal deliverance which is to be put forth in the name 
of the Council should be first submitted to all the members of 
the large Executive Committee of the Council with the under- 
standing that all replies shall be returned within a fortnight. 
And what constitutes ‘a formal deliverance’ shall be determined 
by the Administrative Committee, provided, however, that in 
cases of emergency the Secretarial Council shall have authority 
to refer directly to the Executive Committee for approval any 
statement which they wish to have issued as a formal deliver- 
ance of the Council.” 

The new days into which we have come call more convinc- 
ingly even than any earlier days for the work of a Federal 
Council of the Churches, such as the Churches intended this 
Council to be when they established it. God has justified the 
faith and purpose of the founders. It remains for us to carry 
forward the work which they began and to fashion this agency 
of common counsel and common service into an instrument 
which the Churches which created and control it can use with 
absolute trust and to the full measure of their power. 


Robert E. Speer, Chairman 

Rev. John Baltzer 
(Evangelical Synod of North 

America ) 

Rev. Clarence A. Barbour 
(Northern Baptist Convention) 

F. R. Beach 
(Christian) 

Rev. W. Y. Bell 
(Colored Methodist Episcopal) 

Rt. Rev. Charles H. Brent 
(Protestant Episcopal) 

Bishop S. C. Breyfogel 
(Evangelical) 

Rev. Charles E. Burton 
(Congregational) 

John R. Cary 
(Friends) 

Rev. W. I. Chamberlain 
(Reformed Church in America) 

Bishop George C. Clement 
(African Methodist Episcopal 

Zion) 


Bishop A. R. Clippinger 
(United Brethren) 
Rev. A. E. Cory 
(Disciples of Christ) 
Rev. J. A. Detter 
(Churches of God, General EI- 
dership ) 
Rev. David G. Downey 
(Methodist Episcopal) 
Mrs. John Ferguson 
(United Presbyterian) 
Rev. E. S. Hagen 
(Moravian) 
John R. Hawkins 
(African Methodist Episcopal) 
Rev. Frederick H. Knubel 
(United Lutheran) 
Rev. Thomas H. Lewis 
(Methodist Protestant) 
Rev. Walter L. Lingle 
(Presbyterian, South) 
Bishop Robert W. Peach 
(Reformed Episcopal) 


70 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Rev. W. W. Pinson 
(Methodist Episcopal, South) 
Rev. John Proude 
(Methodist Protestant) 
Esle F. Randolph 
(Seventh Day Baptist) 


Rev. George W. Richards 
(Reformed Church in the U. S.) 
Rev. J. Ross Stevenson 
(Presbyterian in the U. S. A.) 
Rev. L. K. Williams 
(National Baptist Convention) 


Members at Large 


Mrs. F. S. Bennett 
W. C. Coleman 

John H. Finley 
Robert Garrett 

John M. Glenn 

Mrs. J. H. McCoy 
Dean Shailer Mathews 
Hon. Carl E. Milliken 


Mrs. Helen Barrett Montgomery 
Watson S. Moore 

Rev. Frank Mason North 
Morris E. Preisch 

Thomas S. Southgate 

Hon. William E. Sweet 

Mrs. May Leonard Woodruff 


MESSAGE TO THE CHURCHES 


The Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America, 
assembled at Atlanta in its Fifth Quadrennial Meeting, sends 
to the Churches a message of fellowship. 


Fellowship in the Church 


Sitting together for six days face to face with the great 
tasks of the Church, the sense of our present oneness in Christ 
has become very real. We believe in the same God, tre re- 
deemed by the same Christ, are comforted by the same Spirit, 
study the same Book, offer the same prayers, sing the same 
hymns, strive for the same character and long for the same 
Kingdom. 

We rejoice in the same growing manifestation of unity in 
essentials shown in city and state councils of Churches, in 
great federal missionary movements at home and abroad, in 
the earnest effort to find ways of giving organized expression 
to unity in village and open country and in the great ecumen- 
ical gatherings soon to assemble. 

The world is in desperate need of fellowship—conscious fel- 
lowship of men with God and with one another. And a world 
in quest of such fellowship must look to the Church. For 
the Church has found in Christ the true secret of fellowship. 
Through Him we are brought near to God and through Him 
all cleavages of nation, class and race can be bridged. 


Fellowship with God 


We call upon our Churches to proclaim with fresh faith the 
unshakable conviction that only in a Divine fellowship can the 
need for human fellowship be met. “Our fellowship is with 
God and with His Son, Jesus Christ.” Apart from this we 
shall seek in vain for real solutions to any problem. The 
fullest fellowship between man and man requires fellowship 
with God in Christ. This is our basic need. And this brings 
us to the fundamental work of the Church—evangelism. We 
note with gratification the cooperation of the Churches in this 
service, the concerted appeal to men to follow Christ and ally 
themselves with His Church, the joining of the denominations 
in the Federal Council in simultaneous and united endeavors. 
We commend yet closer cooperation in order that the voices 
of all the Churches may be lifted up in one common summons 
to men to turn to God. 


71 


72 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Fellowship in Human Relations 


The issue of true fellowship with God our Father is fellow- 
ship with all His children. There is no more searching test 
of the extent to which our civilization is truly Christian than 
the measure to which fellowship has come to prevail in all the 
relations of men with one another. The fellowship to which 
Christ calls us is not for parts of life, but for all of it. It is 
not to stop at home or Church, it is to reach beyond the fac- 
tory gate, the national boundary and the color line. All the 
gulfs that separate men into self-seeking, suspicious or un- 
friendly groups are to be bridged by the spirit of fellowship 
that Jesus Christ releases in human life. 

Our industrial and economic life we must seek to build upon 
a basis of deeper fellowship. Unless brotherhood be a reality 
in the shop, the mine, the marketplace—where most men spend 
the greater part of their waking hours—it is not likely to be a 
reality elsewhere. In this sphere it is the primary function of 
the Church to infuse the lives of men with the spirit of God, 
thus breeding a race of men of goodwill disposed, even eager, 
to incorporate the principles of Christ’s kingdom into the 
entire social order. 

Vicarious sympathy for all classes of men is a prerequisite 
for preaching the social gospel: Given that sympathy, let all 
ministers of the gospel call men to follow Christ in all social 
relations and in the practice of the stewardship of all that they 
are and have. | 

We gladly emphasize the fact of a steadily developing social 
conscience in our country, which actually, if not consciously, 
has as its underlying principle Christ’s law of neighborly love. 
Our national prohibition law is a striking illustration of this 
new social conscience, which brushes aside without hesitation 
any claim of any individual to indulge any appetite or to per- 
form any act which is a menace to the social order. The effect 
upon the physical, economic, social and moral life of the nation 
of this extraordinary effort of society to protect itself from 
the liquor traffic has been so beneficial that it is now generally 
agreed that the law will stand, based as it is upon the unassail- 
able purpose “to promote the general welfare.” The present- 


day duty of the moral citizenship of the Nation we believe 
to be: 


1. To magnify the value of the principle of total abstinence 
and the obligation upon law-abiding citizens to practice the 
same. 


2. To make unmistakably clear to both the lawless sellers 
and the lawless buyers of intoxicants that the liquor traffic has 


MESSAGE TO THE CHURCHES 73 


been permanently outlawed in the United States as the enemy 
of society; and 


3. To urge local, State and Federal Governments to co- 
operate with increased vigor against the present organized 
resistance to the prohibition law until as adequate an enforce- 
ment of that law has been secured as of any other social 
legislation. 

World-Wide Fellowship 


The modern world, now a single neighborhood, demands for 
its very life the acceptance of the principle of fellowship 
among the nations. In our world today what happens any- 
where happens everywhere; what affects one affects all. We 
are all members one of another. Against war, as the denial 
of the Christian ideal of fellowship, we must bear clear and 
united witness. The voice of the Churches is unequivocally 
for the pacific settlement of all international disputes, for jus- 
tice and security to all nations on the basis of codified inter- 
national law, for the outlawry of war through the development 
of international agencies for bringing aggressor nations under 
the collective moral condemnation of the world. Realizing 
that the present burden of armament not only means a terrific 
economic strain, but also fosters the militaristic mind and leads 
to an atmosphere of fear in other nations, we voice the clear 
call of the Churches for a program of drastic reduction of 
armaments by all nations, in which our Government should 
participate, and, if occasion calls, should lead the way. 


The fellowship which the Christian Gospel seeks includes all 
races. “Has not one God created us? Have we not all one 
Father?’ Whatever superficial differences there may be, the 
body of humanity is one. For “if one member suffer all the 
members suffer with it, and if one member be honored all the 
members rejoice with it.” 


Upon every Christian falls the personal responsibility to seek 
justice for all, to cultivate mutual appreciation and coopera- 
tion, and to dispel false racial pride or desire to dominate 
others. Upon every minister of the Gospel falls the inescap- 
able duty of leadership in promoting a common fellowship in 
Christ as the ideal in race relations. The Christian Church 
cannot lower the standards of Christ. It is therefore uncom- 
promisingly opposed to any effort, organized or unorganized, 
which creates or fosters racial prejudice and suspicion and 
destroys that fellowship which should characterize the family 
of God. 


74 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


The Church’s Responsibility 


From among the remaining tasks of the Church we single 
out two which especially challenge cooperative endeavors— 
religious education and missions, both at home and abroad. 

The urgent need for constructive attention to religious edu- 
cation calls for no argument. Upon this depends the moral 
and spiritual fibre of our nation. Here the sorry results of 
divisions of Christendom are conspicuously manifest; because 
of them religious education has been all but completely ban- 
ished from our public schools, to the grave peril of the na- 
tion’s future. This is a sin for which the Churches and the 
States should be called to repentance and to a conversion that 
should find some process in, or in connection with, the public 
schools, for matching intellectual training with that of a moral 
and religious nature. 

More directly are the Churches responsible for religious 
education in the home and in the Church. That the competi- 
tion for the interest of the child with growing multitudes of 
other concerns becomes more and more intense, and that the 
discipline of the home becomes more lax, only magnifies the 
importance of redoubled effort to stimulate in the home and 
provide in the Church those effective processes of education 
which shall secure the spiritual foundations of tomorrow. 

Both at home and abroad the work of Christian missions is 
increasingly a cooperative task. In the interest of the strength 
of the denominations themselves, although yet more for the 
sake of the victories of the Kingdom, we urge the Churches 
everywhere to cooperate with the mission boards in their pur- 
pose to avoid competitive overlapping on the one hand and 
consequent overlooking of less attractive fields on the other, 
and to arrive at effective comity. We would also summon the 
entire membership to the adequate financial support of the 
magnificent enterprise of the Churches which seeks to carry 
out the commission of the Master to witness for Him, begin- 
ning in our own community and reaching through State and 
Nation to the very ends of the earth. 

Finally, it is the call to fellowship with the Master which 
inheres in these differentiated calls. To this crowning fellow- 
ship you, the Churches, are summoning yourselves in this fra- 
ternal greeting from your representatives. 


Oe 


MESSAGE TO THE CHURCHES OF OTHER LANDS 


The Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America, 
assembled at Atlanta for its Fifth Quadrennial Meeting, con- 
veys to the Churches of other lands assurance of its high 
appreciation of the messages received from them. 

The achievements of these Churches in Christian life and 
service bring new inspiration. Their courage in the midst of 
grave difficulties enkindles new faith. The rich variety in 
which their life manifests itself affords new intimations of the 
fullness that is in Christ. 

Throughout our deliberations there has been a consciousness 
of the sympathy of our fellow-believers beyond the sea and a 
growing sense of the larger relationships in which we are made 
one with them. 

To the hope expressed by these sister Churches for closer 
cooperation in the defense and furtherance of the common 
cause the Federal Council responds whole-heartedly. 

To its sincere sympathy for those Churches passing through 
great trials, it would in the largest measure possible add prac- 
tical aid. It feels honored to join forces thus with the so- 
called “helping Churches” of Europe, which at a time of great 
distress have aided with such notable generosity and devotion. 
With gratitude it recognizes the value of the Central Bureau 
for Relief, not only as an organization for conveying material 
help to points of need, but also as a continuing agency for 
drawing together in increasingly vital relations the Churches 
of two continents. 

The growing sense of Protestant solidarity developed by the 
common need and the common summons to more sacrificial 
service qualifies us all alike for an advance in the name of 
Christ of greater momentum and power. 

At a critical moment, when in every country conditions make 
an unprecedented demand for those things for which the 
Churches of Christ supremely stand, it is ours to meet the 
challenge by an as yet unexampled unity of spirit and a hith- 
erto unattained effectiveness of cooperative effort. 

May the years just before us be marked by a more manifest 
leadership by the Spirit of the Living God; a more compelling 
vision of the things which He would have us together achieve 
and a more adequate reinforcement of the inner life of all our 
Churches by that strength which is from above. 


75 


THE PROGRAM OF THE FEDERATED CHURCHES 
FOR A WARLESS WORLD 


(Adopted at the Quadrennial Meeting of the Federal Council, 
December 8, 1924) 


The Church of Jesus Christ throughout the world has the 
responsibility for moulding the minds and wills of nations, no 
less than of individuals, to do justly, to love mercy and to 
walk humbly with God. 

Christians of all lands and of all Churches should seek with 
utmost determination to reconcile the nations, to eradicate their 
misunderstandings, prejudices, hatreds, fears and suspicions, 
and to create among them the spirit of unity and the noble 
purpose to work together for the common good. 


Ideals and Realization 


Realization of the ideals and principles of the Prince of 
Peace would mean the abolition of war and of all preparation 
for war. This would involve the acceptance of the spirit and 
the establishment of the agencies of justice, fair dealing and 
goodwill between nations. It would require the friendly co- 
operation of all nations in the creation and maintenance of 
international law, in the determination to settle every threaten- 
ing international dispute by judicial process or by proceedings 
of arbitration or conciliation, and in provisions for security, 
honor and economic opportunity for all alike, both great and 
small. For permanent world peace can come only from jus- 
tice, justice from impartial law, and impartial law only from 
orderly society, organized on the principles of universal good- 
will revealed to us in Jesus Christ. 

For the achievement of these sublime ends, under the guid- 
ance and blessing of God Almighty, we commend to the 
Churches of America the following concrete suggestions: 


The World Court 


Let the Churches of America continue their campaign for 
adherence by the United States to the Protocol of the Perma- 
nent Court of International Justice, under the terms stated 
by the late President Harding and urged by President Coolidge. 

This World Court of Justice is not only the fruition and 
consummation of many decades of American discussions, plans 
and desires for international peace through justice based on 
law, but also the promise of a larger and truer righteousness 
and justice among the nations, a step forward in the establish- 


76 


PROGRAM FOR A WARLESS WORLD oi 


ment of the Kingdom of God among men. This Court will, 
we believe, promote the development of a well-considered body 
of international law and the substitution of reason, justice and 
goodwill in place of the crude and savage methods of war or 
threats of war in settling international disputes and in main- 
taining legitimate and vital national interests. 


International Law 


Let the Christians of America steadily insist that the United 
States should actively cooperate with the nations of the world 
in codifying existing international law and in drafting and 
enacting new law to cover situations not covered by existing 
law. The United States should be among the first of the great 
nations on a reciprocal basis to accept the principles and the 
pledge to submit to suitable international tribunals for settle- 
ment every threatening dispute, whatever its nature may be. 


The Outlawing of War 


Let the Christians and Churches of America support with 
vigor the movement for the outlawing of war. America should 
heartily cooperate in the complete repudiation of aggressive 
war as a legitimate method for settling international disputes, 
remembering that where there is no aggression there will be 
no need for defense. 


Aggressive war should be branded as an international crime 
and an aggressor nation regarded as having committed a crime 
among the nations. Adequate and impartial agencies should 
speedily be established for determining the aggressor in spe- 
cific cases and for bringing to bear upon such a nation the 
combined moral condemnation of the world. 


Universal Disarmament 


Let American Christians support with united hearts and 
voices the call of all peoples for the drastic reduction of arma- 
ments of every kind. 


Armaments not only cost colossal sums wrung from im- 
poverished peoples, block industry, hinder production, con- 
sume capital, doom millions to helpless poverty, and cripple all 
movements for the common good, but they also foster inter- 
national suspicion, fears and hatreds in ever-widening circles 
of vicious influence. They help create the militaristic mind 
among their own people and also among suspecting neighbors. 


The time has come for nations to prepare and carry out to- 
gether vast and continuing programs for reduction of arma- 


78 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


ment, in conjunction with pledges for the pacific settlement of 
every threatening international dispute and with adequate guar- 
antees of security and of maintenance of honor for the nations 
that give themselves to the program for peace. 


For disarmament must be mutual; it is impossible without 
security, and security depends upon adequate and enduring 
institutions and agencies for peace. 


American Christians should exert every influence to secure 
the issuance or the acceptance by the United States Govern- 
ment of an invitation to attend a World Disarmament Con- 
ference. We believe that our own Government should show 
its readiness for such a step by taking the leadership in the 
program for disarmament. 


Cooperation with Other Nations 


Let us as Christian citizens earnestly advocate the full co- 
operation of the United States with other nations in efficient 
international organization for the pacific settlement of every 
international dispute, for the outlawing of war and for a pro- 
gram of thorough-going disarmament for all, in which organi- 
zation all nations may take their full share in establishing world 
justice, in bearing world burdens and in maintaining world 
peace. 

In accordance with expressions, official and otherwise, al- 
ready made by the Constituent Bodies of the Federal Council, 
we advocate full, open and friendly relations between the 
United States and the League of Nations, without commit- 
ments which would involve us in the local politics of Euro- 
pean or of other nations. 


We believe that with proper reservations and a clear state- 
ment of America’s principles and international policies the 
United States might and should take her place at the side of 
all the nations cooperating in the League and could render im- 
portant service in solving difficult international problems and 
in promoting world justice and understanding, world good- 
will and peace. 


Reestablishing Right Relations with Japan 


Let American Christians study with utmost care the situa- 
tion of strain recently created between America and Japan by 
the action of Congress in abruptly annulling the Gentlemen’s 
Agreement with Japan and in refusing even to consider Japan’s 
courteous offer to adjust the matter on any terms within the 
bounds of reason and honor. Congress committed an act in 


PROGRAM FOR A WARLESS WORLD 79 


flagrant disregard of the customary amenities and procedures 
of international relations. 

Congress, moreover, disregarded the constructive proposals 
of President Coolidge and Secretary of State Hughes for a 
friendly solution and ignored the warning of Secretary Hughes 
that the proposed action “would largely undo the work of the 
Washington Conference on Limitation of Armament which so 
greatly improved our relations with Japan,” and that “the 
manifestation of American interest and generosity in provid- 
ing relief to the sufferers from the recent earthquake disaster 
in Japan would not avail to diminish the resentment which 
would follow the enactment of such a measure, as this enact- 
ment would be regarded as an insult not to be palliated by any 
act of charity.” 

These actions of Congress the Federal Council of Churches 
views with grave concern. 


We are deeply impressed by the declaration of the Honor- 
able Cyrus E. Woods, former Ambassador to Japan, that the 
Immigration Act of 1924 which repudiated all obligations of 
the Gentlemen’s Agreement was an international disaster of 
the first magnitude—to American diplomacy, to American 
business, to the Christian movement, and to American missions 
in Japan. We are also impressed by his declaration that what 
Congress desired might have been entirely and easily secured 
without in the least affronting Japan’s honor, dignity, self- 
respect, or international prestige. 


The point at issue was not the complete stopping of Japanese 
immigration. That principle was accepted by Japan many years 
ago, and the Gentlemen’s Agreement had been from the be- 
ginning honorably and faithfully carried out by Japan, as is 
proved by the figures annually published by our own Govern- 
ment. The point at issue was not the stopping of immigration, 
but the method adopted in annulling the Gentlemen’s Agree- 
ment and the enactment of a race-discriminatory law, the 
effect of which was to wound and humiliate a great and 
friendly nation. 

Let us seek a fundamental solution of our relations with 
Japan which, while completely protecting the Pacific Coast 
States from all dangers of Asiatic immigration, shall be thor- 
oughly courteous and free from humiliating race discrimina- 
tion. The issue is not “closed.” Some friendly adjustment 
must be found. 


Let American Christians urge such change in the law as 
would put Japan upon the quota basis, which would admit at 
the maximum only 150 immigrants annually, and which was 


80 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


recommended by Secretary Hughes in February last and sup- 
ported by Ambassador Woods in his recent letter to the Fed- 
eral Council. 


The Forward Move of the Churches 


The Federal Council records its deep satisfaction in receiv- 
ing the stirring declarations and utterances of many of its con- 
stituent bodies, calling for the establishment of a Christian 
world order and for the complete abolition of war as a recog- 
nized and legitimate method of settling disputes between 
nations. 

It rejoices that for the achievement of these high ends fif- 
teen denominations have established Commissions, Commit- 
tees or Departments on International Goodwill to carry for- 
ward constructive educational programs within their own mem- 
bership and to cooperate with one another in the common 
effort to render more effective the Christian ideal of a warless 
world. 

Rejoicing in what has been done, the Federal Council ex- 
presses its conviction that, for the full achievement of our 
ideal, every national, state and city religious body should have 
an appropriate and effective agency to deal with this question, 
and in close cooperation with the Federal Council’s Commis- 
sion actually to carry out the essential educational programs. 
Denominations, pastors, congregations and church members 
should be urged to realize the weight of the responsibility 
resting upon them for the abolition of war and its complete 
banishment from the earth. 

The Federal Council earnestly suggests to all colleges, theo- 
logical schools and seminaries the importance of providing for 
their students effective courses on international questions and 
especially on the fundamental moral principles which must be 
generally accepted by nations before war and preparations for 
war will cease. It urges the introduction of lessons on these 
issues in Sunday-schools and in study groups and classes 
within or affiliated with the Churches. 


The Need for Prayer 


In seeking these high objectives of world justice, brother- 
hood and peace, the Federal Council calls upon all Christian 
people in every church and every home to pray as a people for 
forgiveness for our long apathy to the continuance of the war- 
system; forgiveness for our blindness to the utterly un-Chris- 
tian character of war; forgiveness for our national selfishness, 


PROGRAM FOR A WARLESS WORLD 81 


for our lack of love to enemies, for our self-satisfaction and 
self-righteousness, for our race-pride and arrogance. 


Let us pray for fresh enlightenment of our minds, that we 
may see clearly where the pathway lies; for a new spirit of 
devotion to Jesus Christ, our Lord; for a new desire and a 
fixed will to do His will in our international relations. Let us 
educate our youth and our children to have faith in the possi- 
bility of achieving a Christian international life and of finding 
constructive methods for its realization. 

To these sublime purposes we summon the Christians and 
Churches of America. Let us seek to know and do the mind 
and the will of Christ, assured that these principles and ideals 
of His are rooted in the eternal and unchangeable character of 
God, the fountain of all justice and law, the infinite source of 
reason and love. Let us dedicate ourselves afresh to the ac- 
complishment of these high ends, seeking therein the guidance 
and blessing of the Prince of Peace. 


A PROGRAM OF APPLIED BROTHERHOOD IN 
RACE RELATIONS 


(Adopted by the Quadrennial Meeting of the Federal Council 
of the Churches, December, 1924) 


We have come to a period of the world when peaceful rela- 
tions among racial groups in daily life are vital to the domestic 
peace and prosperity of every nation and to all the nations. 
The assumption of inherent racial superiority by dominant 
groups around the world is neither supported by science nor 
justified by ethics. The effort to adjust race relations upon 
that basis and by the use of force is a denial of Christian prin- 
ciples. As it applies to the relations of white and Negro peo- 
ple in America it is a philosophy that leads only to suffering 
and despair. 

To demonstrate that Christian ideals are sufficient to solve 
the difficult.problems of race relations in America is one of 
the most challenging tasks before the Churches today. Chris- 
tians must seek as never before to remove suspicions, fears, 
misunderstandings and prejudices between racial groups and 
to foster mutual understanding, tolerance, respect for person- 
ality and the spirit of cooperation. We must replace attitudes 
and customs based upon past fears and hatreds by those based 
upon mutual interests and present service. 

For policies and methods of work to that end, in the spirit 
of Jesus Christ and under the guidance of God, we commend 
to the Churches of America the following: 

1. Face tHe Facrs.—Let the Churches of America continue their 
study and discussion groups and the use of their pulpits and lecture 
platforms to bring the facts of race and race relations to the light of 
day. Let them help the newspapers and magazines to give larger 
space and attention to the whole range of information. 

The churches should continue to create a literature which shall 
fearlessly present the truth in this field. The experience of history, 
the knowledge of science, and the ethics and spiritual values of re- 
ligion are all needed as guides toward peace and goodwill between 
the races. 

2. INTERRACIAL CONFERENCES. — The last few years have demon- 
strated the effective utility of conferences between thoughtful, con- 
scientious leaders of racial groups to discuss conditions that confront 
them and to adopt plans to deal with them. These conferences have 
been most effective where surveys have been made by competent per- 
sons beforehand to secure data as a basis for such conferences and 
program making. We urge the churches to foster and support such 
surveys and conferences. 

Contacts of the white and Negro people in America are largely 
made during unpleasant experiences of toil and strife. The churches 
afford strategic avenues of friendly fellowship under conditions that 


82 


APPLIED BROTHERHOOD IN RACE RELATIONS 83 


make for racial respect and mutual confidence. The annual observ- 
ance of race relations Sunday is commended as a step in this direction. 

3. INTERRACIAL CoMMITTEES.—Experience has shown that small 
committees of white and colored men and women have been indis- 
pensable for effectively carrying out constructive programs to improve 
conditions and race relations, especially in local communities. Let the 
Christians and churches of each community and of the nation increas- 
ingly give attention, service and support to such committees. 


4. Justice THroucH Law.—The Churches have joined the cam- 
paign to abolish lynching in our land. That campaign has met with 
success as shown in the rapid reduction of the evil. Let the churches 
continue the crusade until America is a lynchless land. Let us go 
forward with a campaign for speedy and impartial trial for those 
accused of crime and for justice in the courts that shall guarantee to 
ihe citizen, irrespective of creed or color, full protection of our 
aws. 


5. Economic Justice.—The Negro as a producer has many handi- 
caps in agriculture, industry, and commerce, because his white neigh- 
bors do not regard him as a man to be dealt with on the basis of 
capacity or worth. The voice and hand of the churches and of 
Christians generally should be raised that equal economic opportunity 
shall be accorded to every person on the basis of his ability. Amica- 
ble race relations in industry and business are of vital concern to 
religion. 


6. REMOVAL OF DiIscRIMINATION.—The Churches of America have 
a challenge to the very principles they profess in the discriminations 
in housing conditions, school facilities, travel accommodations and 
other public provision of our communities. For the sake of our own 
ideals as well as for the protection of our fellow citizens, we are 
called upon to abolish and to prevent these discriminations. 


7. Our CHILDREN AND YOUNG PropLe.—The education of our chil- 
dren and young people in attitudes of racial respect and appreciation 
is so vital for the future that the churches cannot ignore this respon- 
sibility as a part of their program of education. 

The white and Negro people, the two largest racial groups in Amer- 
ica, profess a common religion and common ideals of democracy. 
They possess mutual interests wrought out through generations of 
contact. As a result the American Churches have probably the most 
unique opportunity in the world to demonstrate the processes of inter- 
racial cooperation that will influence racial groups everywhere. 


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PART ITI 


THE WORK OF THE FEDERAL COUNCIL 
FROM 1920-1924 


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THE FEDERAL COUNCIL’S SERVICE DURING 
THE QUADRENNIUM 


A review of the cooperation of the churches in the Federal 
Council during the past Quadrennium is an occasion for fresh 
encouragement and larger faith. The progress which has been 
made has not been sensational but it has been steady and 
solid. Four years ago the churches found themselves in a 
period of confusion and uncertainty following the War and 
its attendant reactions. At the Quadrennial meeting of the 
Federal Council of the Churches in Boston in 1920 there was 
a new infusion of confidence and hope in the ideal for which 
the Council stands. The adoption of the report of the Com- 
mittee on Policy, looking toward a closer supervision of the 
program of the Council by the denominations themselves, 
added to this note of faith for the future of Christian co- 
operation. 

The following summary of a few of the more important 
tendencies and avenues of service during the past quadrennium 
will make it clear that substantial advance has been made and 
that the cooperative movement among the churches has a 
foundation upon which the future can build with confidence. 


Evangelism 


1. There has been during the past four years a growing 
recognition of the central place of evangelism in the work of 
the Federal Council and of the necessity for cooperation among 
the evangelistic forces of the churches. There is especial satis- 
faction in the distinctly spiritual emphasis which has been 
given to all the phases of the Council’s work by the Commis- 
sion on Evangelism and Life Service. No one could desire 
for a moment any diminution, but rather great increase, of 
our present emphasis on the application of Christian principles 
to all the social and international problems of our day. No 
one can think deeply, however, about our contemporary life 
without concluding that we are not likely to experience any 
great advance in public righteousness without a very great ad- 
vance in personal holiness. The work of the Federal Council’s 
Commission on Evangelism, and of the denominational de- 
partments of evangelism that cooperate in it, has borne con- 
stant witness to this truth. The Gospel has been proclaimed 
with winning power in hundreds of communities, in the name 
of all the churches included in the Council. More than a 
score of communities every year have had the services both of 


87 


88 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


the representative of the Federal Council and of the several de- 
nominational committees on evangelism in planning simul- 
taneous campaigns in which the churches of the community 
agree on special periods for concerted emphasis on evangelism. 
In many more cities than those visited personally the same 
type of simultaneous evangelistic campaigns on the part of the 
pastors themselves is developing as a result of the demonstra- 
tion of its value elsewhere. The churches have been discover- 
ing that they can do concertedly in evangelism what they can- 
not do separately. By their combined action they have been 
able to capture the imagination of the community as no church 
could do alone. They have been able to create an atmosphere 
in which it was easier to talk to men about religion and their 
personal relation to Christ. New power has been developed 
in every congregation by the consciousness that it was par- 
ticipating in a movement in which the whole strength of the 
churches in that community was engaged. They have thereby 
found new meaning in the word of Scripture that “one man 
shall chase a thousand but two shall put,’—not two—‘ten 
thousand to flight.” 

During the past few months a new movement in behalf of 
greater attention to public worship and church attendance has 
been initiated, with the cooperation of the various denomina- 
tional commissions on evangelism, through the Federal Coun- 
cil. This has grown out of a conference and retreat held at 
Northfield, Massachusetts, last June, in which the representa- 
tives of the churches came together to consider how they 
might plan together for an advance program this year. 

The Commission on Evangelism has served also as a center 
through which the observance of special devotional periods is 
being developed in all the churches. The circulation of the 
topics of the Universal Week of Prayer at the beginning of 
the year and the promotion of the Fellowship of Prayer dur- 
“ing the period preceding Easter have served to focus the 
worship and intercession of the churches upon great common 
needs. 


Social Service 


2. During the past four years, as during all its history, the 
Federal Council’s Commission on the Church and Social Ser- 
vice has been a center through which the churches have acted 
unitedly in bringing Christian principles to bear more effec- 
tively upon our social life. The outstanding illustration of 
the quadrennium was no doubt the vigorous and successful 
effort to create public opinion against the continuance of the 
twelve-hour day in industry. The facts in the case, with 


FEDERAL COUNCIL’S SERVICE DURING QUADRENNIUM 89 


especial reference to the steel industry, were carefully secured 
and a statement was issued setting forth the moral issues in 
such a clear light that it was published in almost every im- 
portant newspaper in the country. The effect on public senti- 
ment was increased many fold by securing the joint action of 
the Social Action Department of the National Catholic Wel- 
fare Conference and the Central Conference of American 
Rabbis in issuing the public statement. As is now well known, 
the greatest steel organization in the world soon afterwards 
announced that in response to the demand of public opinion 
steps were being taken toward the abolition of the twelve- 
hour day. 

That the Council is rendering a needed service in helping 
churches all over the country to plan programs of constructive 
social service is indicated by the requests which come from all 
quarters of the country for assistance. Noteworthy progress 
is being made through the combined interest of the churches 
in ministering to the prisoners in county jails, in developing 
a better recreational life in communities, in arousing public 
opinion against the evils of child labor, and in relating the 
church to other important enterprises of human welfare. 

In the great movement in behalf of inculcating respect for 
law, with especial reference to the Eighteenth Amendment, 
the Federal Council has played a quiet but most effective part. 
The notable series of conferences launched by the Citizens’ 
Committee of One Thousand owes its origin to the Chairman 
of the Commission on Councils of Churches, and his has 
been the guiding hand. The committee which has carried the 
independent responsibility for this movement was created at 
the joint invitation of Fred B. Smith and Hon. Carl E. Milliken, 
Chairman of the Federal Council’s Commission on Temper- 
ance. The service thus rendered unofficially by the Council 
and without any attempt to claim credit for the Council itself, 
is a striking illustration of a type of work which in varying 
measure is being performed almost constantly through the 
Federal Council’s agencies and staff. 


Research and Education 


3. One of the most significant developments of the quad- 
rennium has been the establishment of the Department of Re- 
search and. Education upon a more adequate basis. Four years 
ago this work had been merely begun and was a part of a single 
commission, the Commission on the Church and Social Ser- 
vice. The needs that it met and the constant calls that came 
to it from pastors and churches in all quarters for assistance 


90 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


have made it clear that this bureau of research ought to be 
established as a department of the Federal Council as a whole 
and this step has been brought about during the past year. 
The department works in the closest cooperation both with the 
other commissions of the Federal Council and also with the 
denominational agencies that are particularly interested in 
using its materials. 

The function of the Department of Research and Educa- 
tion is in no sense to make pronouncements or other official 
statements concerning the policy of either the Federal Council 
or of its constituent bodies. Its purpose is rather to secure 
impartially the informational data without which a wise and 
correct judgment cannot be framed. 

The INFORMATION SERVICE, publication of which was begun 
early in the quadrennium upon a bi-weekly basis, is now pub- 
lished weekly, and its steadily growing subscription list bears 
testimony to the important service that it is rendering to pas- 
tors and other Christian leaders throughout the country. It 
seeks to examine contemporary issues in the light of the 
Christian principles that are at stake and so to help the 
churches to understand more clearly the facts of social and 
international life on which they seek to bring the Christian 
Gospel to bear. 


Christian Race Relations 


4. An advance step of far-reaching consequence was taken 
three years ago in the creation of the Commission on the 
Church and Race Relations. Developments since that time 
have demonstrated beyond any shadow of doubt the need for 
the efforts of such united activities by all the churches. Few 
things are more ominous than the widespread popularity of 
misleading books like “The Rising Tide of Color.” The dis- 
position to despise the gifts of other races and the tendency 
toward divisiveness among the races that go to make up the 
one family of God are both socially perilous and unchristian. 

Through the work of the Commission on the Church and 
Race Relations the ideal of interracial cooperation, as opposed 
to racial conflict and misunderstanding, has been given prac- 
tical expression through the development of interracial com- 
mittees made up of leading white and Negro citizens in nearly 
a score of important cities. This remarkable progress made 
in a period of less than three years indicates how great was 
the need for the service of the churches in this field. The 
Federal Council’s work has been carried forward with the 
constant cooperation of the Commission on International 
Racial Cooperation, with headquarters in Atlanta, and the 





FEDERAL COUNCIL’S SERVICE DURING QUADRENNIUM QI] 


lamented John J. Eagan, until his death, served as chairman 
of both bodies. 

A more conspicuous effort of the Council during the quad- 
rennium has been its campaign of education against the lynch- 
ing evil. The extensive publicity given to the facts through 
the channels of the churches and through the public press 
have, in the judgment of close observers, been no small factor 
in reducing the appalling lynching record of America to by 
far the lowest figure ever known in the present generation. 

Within the last few weeks a new enterprise in behalf of 
interracial goodwill has been undertaken by the Federal Coun- 
cil of the Churches. This looks toward the development of a 
better understanding and appreciation between Jewish and 
Christian people. Through the energetic leadership afforded by 
Dr. Alfred Williams Anthony, who has served as the acting 
chairman of a special committee appointed by the Federal 
Council’s Commission on International Justice and Goodwill, 
the resources have been secured for making possible a program 
of popular education in this most important area of race re- 
lations. 


Christian Internationalism 


5. Ina world all but shattered by universal war and groping 
blindly for permanent peace, the work of the Federal Council’s 
Commission on International Justice and Goodwill in giving 
united expression to the Christian conscience on international 
affairs has been of outstanding significance. The Federal 
Council’s enlarged program in this field was vigorously 
pursued in connection with the National Conference on the 
Limitation of Armaments, held in Washington in 1921. It 
will be recalled that the quadrennial meeting of the Council 
in 1920 anticipated this step by urging the United States to 
take the lead in an international program for reduced arma- 
ments by all nations. Competent observers of American life 
have declared that, with the possible exception of the prohibi- 
tion of the liquor traffic, the churches have in no case brought 
their influence to bear more effectively upon a great public 
issue than at the time of the Washington conference. As is 
now well known, an official statement was issued by the gov- 
ernment after the conference was over, stating that of the 
thirteen million letters, telegrams and other requests which 
came to the government urging a reduction of armaments in 
some form, more than twelve million bore on their face evi- 
dence of having come from people who were thinking of the 
problem in religious terms. 


92 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


The effort to secure participation in the Permanent Court 
of International Justice has been pressed with equal vigor 
during the last two years. As a result of the educational 
efforts of the Council, Armistice Day a year ago was widely 
observed throughout the country as a special occasion for 
emphasis upon the World Court and the judicial settlement of 
all international disputes. The conferences held with the 
President of the United States and the Secretary of State, at 
which representatives of the many denominations that had 
taken official action in support of the World Court, presented 
their denominational resolutions, made a most convincing dem- 
onstration that the concern for the World Court permeated 
the life of every Christian church. 

The energy of the Council is now being directed persistently 
toward an educational campaign for the outlawing of war 
and constructive measures for the peaceful settlement of all 
international difficulties. At the various denominational as- 
semblies and general conferences which have been held within 
the last two or three years repeated resolutions have been 
adopted expressing the tide of Christian sentiment that is 
sweeping through the churches on the issue of war. Fourteen 
of the denominations have now taken official action creating 
special committees to work for peace through the churches, 
and their cooperation with Dr. Gulick and the Federal Coun- 
cil’s Commission on International Justice and Goodwill prom- 
ises to make the influence of the churches felt much more 
powerfully than it has been hitherto. 

Since international goodwill finds its most convincing ex- 
pression in deeds of brotherly sympathy and love, the Federal 
Council has begun an active program of mercy and relief. 
Steady support has been given to the work of Near East Re- 
lief, which is carrying on its enterprise of mercy in one of the 
most war-torn areas of the world. Early in the quadrennium 
the program of European relief launched by Mr. Hoover was 
strongly supported. When the Russian famine came, a re- 
sponse was made by the Council in the name of the churches 
unitedly and with such an unexpectedly generous response 
that a representative of the Protestant churches was sent to 
Russia, in cooperation with the American Relief Administra- 
tion, to bring relief from the Christian Churches of America 
to needy clergy and their dependents and other intellectuals 
in the Russian Church. The appeal from the suffering in 
Germany a year ago also was an occasion for renewed activity 
on the part of the Federal Council in the field of mercy and 
relief. Both in the name of the churches themselves and in 


FEDERAL COUNCIL’S SERVICE DURING QUADRENNIUM 93 


cooperation with the American Committee for the Relief of 
German Children, an appeal to the Christian public of our 
country was made which had the double effect of saving 
thousands of lives and also of bearing testimony to the spirit 
of reconciliation between America and those who were once 
our enemies. 

The tension of feeling during the past year between the 
United States and Japan in connection with the provision of 
our immigration act excluding Japanese has thrown the work 
of the Committee on Relations with the Orient into strong 
relief. The wellnigh unanimous feeling in the mission boards 
and other agencies of all denominations that some friendly 
way should be found of dealing with the question of Japanese 
immigration found a united expression through the Federal 
Council of the Churches. Even though the appeal to public 
opinion made on this question by the Council was not imme- 
diately successful, the testimony which comes from Japan 
makes it clear that the sympathetic understanding on the part 
of the American Churches, as manifested through the Council, 
was one of the most powerful influences in helping the Jap- 
anese to retain confidence in the American people in spite of 
the strain put upon the existing goodwill between the two 
countries. The conclusion on the part of missionary leaders 
in Japan that the method and manner of the exclusion act may 
have set back the progress of the Christian movement in 
Japan by twenty years is leading the Federal Council to seek 
the right program for educating the public concerning the 
necessity for a revision of our present policy. Honorable 
Cyrus E. Woods, until a few months ago the Ambassador of 
the United States to Japan, has recently rendered significant 
service to the Council in conference and counsel on this ques- 
tion. 


Cooperation with the Churches of Other Lands 


6. At no time in the previous history of the Federal Council 
have the relations of the American Churches to the Churches 
of other lands been comparable in significance to the situation 
at present. The quest for unity among the nations has led 
the Christian Churches of the world to see that the supreme 
contribution which they could make to world unity would be 
for them to give fuller expression to the supra-national char- 
acter of the Church’s fellowship. The aftermath of the war 
has made the cooperation of the American Churches with the 
Evangelical Churches of Europe a particularly momentous 
issue. The shattered economic life on the Continent has left 


04 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


European Protestantism in large areas face to face with the 
greatest crisis in its history. The collapse of currencies, the 
rising cost of living, the cessation of former income as a result 
of the separation of Church and State, the general economic 
chaos, and the devastation of war have thrown on the Churches 
of Europe a burden which it is utterly impossible for them to 
bear unaided. : 

What the American Churches did in the period immediately 
following the war in behalf of the devastated churches of 
France is an illustration of what is now needed in far greater 
degree in giving assistance to our brethren in Germany, Aus- 
tria, Hungary, Poland and other countries where the war has 
had particularly devastating results. The assistance given to 
the French churches has now been completed, approximately 
one and a half million dollars having been contributed to the 
rebuilding and strengthening of French churches through the 
Council’s channels, in addition to the large amounts expended 


directly by the denominations themselves. The creation of the 


Central Bureau for Relief of the Evangelical Churches of 
Europe by the notable conference in Copenhagen, Denmark, 
called on the initiative of the Federal Council of the Churches 
in the summer of 1921 gives promise of now making possible 
a far-reaching program of help to the Churches of the Con- 
tinent. The leadership of Dr. Adolf Keller of Zurich, Switzer- 
land, is making the Central Bureau an agency of outstanding 
significance for both the moral and financial support of the 
Protestant Churches of Europe on the part of their sister 
Churches in America and other countries. The appointment 
of Rev. Chauncey W. Goodrich, the honored pastor of the 
American Church in Paris, to serve as the representative of 
the Central Bureau at the Federal Council’s office in this 
country, is a second step of large consequence in the effort to 
provide an effective clearing-house for the churches of this 
country in their contacts with the churches of Europe. The 
influence of the Central Bureau extends even further than to 
the problem of relief, for the fact that in it for the first time 
in modern history official representatives of most of the Prot- 
estant Churches of the Continent have come together, has 
tended to strengthen the cooperative movement among the 
European Churches as a whole. The establishment of the 
Evangelical Church Federation in Germany and of the Prot- 
estant Federation in Czecho-Slovakia affords conspicuous ex- 
amples of the way in which the cooperative movement in our 
own country is indirectly ministering to the development of a 
greater solidarity among the evangelical forces of the world. 


a Zz 


FEDERAL COUNCIL’S SERVICE DURING QUADRENNIUM 95 


This growing spirit of cooperation among the Churches of 
all nations has culminated in the proposed Universal Christian 
Conference on Life and Work to be held in Stockholm next 
August. In the original suggestion of this conference in 1919 
and in the planning for it since, the Federal Council has played 
an important part. In the preparation of the reports for the 
American Section the staff of the Council has given unstinted 
service. 

Of special interest has been the influence of the Council in 
the last two years in bringing American Christianity into a 
new fellowship with the Eastern Orthodox Churches. The 
experience of confusion and suffering through which the 
Armenian, the Greek and the Russian Churches have been 
passing has led them to turn to the Christian forces of the 
West and has caused the hearts of the latter to expand in 
sympathy. To increase this fellowship and to establish con- 
tacts of mutual helpfulness, the Committee on Relations with 
the Eastern Churches, under the chairmanship of Rt. Rev. 
Charles H. Brent, was established by authorization of the 
meeting of the Executive Committee of the Council a year 
ago. 

Community Cooperation 


7. Undergirding the whole program which the Federal 
Council as a national agency for cooperation carries on, 1s the 
work of developing cooperation in the local community. In 
this field steady progress has been made during the past 
quadrennium. Within that period the following additional 
cities have created Councils of Churches or have advanced to 
the point of financing hitherto existing Councils in such a way 
as to make possible the employment of executive secretaries: 
Milwaukee, Wis.; Paterson, N. J.; Lincoln, Neb.; Kansas 
City, Mo.; Trenton, N. J.; Atlantic City, N. J.; Minneapolis, 
Minn.; Wilmington, Del.; Omaha, Neb.; Oakland, Calif.; 
Richmond, Va. There are now approximately fifty communi- 
ties in which the Churches are maintaining systematic and 
organized cooperation with each other through a local council 
or Federation of Churches. Each of these local councils is an 
autonomous body, responsible only to the Churches of that 
community, but looking to the Federal Council constantly for 
assistance and for inspiration. 

Gradual progress is also being made in the development of 
the state councils of Churches so essential to meeting the 
challenge of a better organization of rural Church life and 
assisting the program of cooperation in the smaller cities 
which are not in a position to maintain employed executives 


96 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


for leadership in cooperative work. The remarkable success 
of the Ohio State Federation of Churches during the last two 
or three years in knitting together the evangelical forces of 
the state and in dealing with the questions of comity affords 
a valuable demonstration of what can be accomplished 
through a state-wide cooperation and of the necessity of em- 
phazing during the coming quadrennium this phase of the 
cooperative work. 


Christianizing Public Opinion 


8. Few experiences of the quadrennium have been more 
gratifying than the unusual advance made in securing a digni- 
fied and effective publicity for the Churches in the daily press. 
Under the expert guidance of Mr. Hungerford, the Council’s 
adviser on all contacts with the daily press, the larger phases 
of the Churches’ work, especially their cooperative activities, 
have been put before the public in a way that has commanded 
widespread attention. In the case of such major moral issues 
as support of the World Court, the abolition of the twelve- 
hour day in industry, the support of prohibition and the appeal 
for respect for law, the campaign against the lynching evil 
and the effort to secure friendlier relations with Japan, the 
united work of the Churches has been a conspicuous feature 
in the daily news. Even in dealing with the more distinctly 
evangelistic and devotional phases of the Churches’ work it 
has been found possible to reach the public through the 
columns of the daily press. For the past two years, every day 
during Lent instalments of the Fellowship of Prayer, issued 
by the Federal Council’s Commission on Evangelism, have 
been carried in scores of papers in all parts of the country. 
We have been discovering that through a central agency which 
brings a message not simply from a single denomination but 
from the united evangelical forces, publicity can actually be- 
come a new form of evangelism and Christian education. That 
the service rendered by the Council in this field has been wel- 
comed by the newspapers is indicated by a letter from Mr. 
Percy S. Bullen, President of the Association of Foreign Cor- 
respondents in the United States, who writes: 

“May I say here, as representative of the Daily Telegraph (Lon- 
don) in the United States, that your publicity re Federal Council of 


the Churches of Christ is the very best that comes to my office. On 
various occasions I have found it valuable for cabling to London.” 


Other Areas of Service 


In several other important areas of work which it is im- 
possible to discuss in this brief analysis, valuable service has 


FEDERAL COUNCIL’S SERVICE DURING QUADRENNIUM 97 


been rendered during the quadrennium. The Washington 
Office has been an indispensable adjunct of the Council, serv-. 
ing as a constant point of contact with governmental agencies 
whenever information is desired or whenever the point of view 
of the Churches calls for expression. The work in behalf of 
army and navy chaplains, which centers in the Washington 
Office, has been bridging the gulf which has hitherto tended 
to separate the Churches’ representatives in Army and Navy 
from the normal life of the Churches themselves. The prep- 
aration and publication of the Yearbook of the Churches, which 
is a mine of information about the forces of religion in 
America, has also been an important function of the Wash- 
ington Office. 

The Western Office has served as a much-needed inter- 
preter of the Council in the Middle West. 

The Committee on Religious Work on the Canal Zone has 
filled an important place in providing a center through which 
the evangelical Churches can support the union Churches in 
this area, where difficult conditions present an unusual chal- 
lenge to all the religious forces and where common action is 
particularly essential. 

The Huguenot-Walloon New Netherland Tercentenary, ini- 
tiated by the Council as an occasion for emphasizing the con- 
tribution made by French and Belgian Protestants to the life 
of America, has had the effect of strengthening the ties be- 
tween the Christian forces of America and of Europe and of 
strengthening the French and Belgian Protestant Churches in 
public esteem. 

Persistent efforts have been made to bring about a more 
united approach to the local Church and the local community 
on the part of the many agencies which are dealing with the 
various phases of the program of Christian education. The con- 
ferences held at Garden City, L. I., in 1921, and at Forest 
Hills, L. I., in 1923, have called the attention of the leaders 
in all phases of religious education to the necessity for a more 
unified program. 

The Committee on the War and the Religious Outlook, 
which had completed most of its work before the present quad- 
rennium began, has rounded out its service by the publication 
of its last two volumes, “Christian Unity—Its Principles and 
Possibilities,’ which appeared in 1921, and “The Teaching 
Work of the Church,’ which appeared at the end of 1923. 
One of the earlier volumes of the Committee—“The Church 
and Industrial Reconstruction”—is still in large demand by 
pastors and other Christian leaders throughout the country. 


08 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


A Committee on Financial and Fiduciary Matters, ap- 
pointed by the Administrative Committee to consider how the 
great missionary and benevolent interests of all denominations 
might be furthered through interesting people more widely in 
generous provision for the Churches’ agencies, has found itself 
dealing with such an important problem that its continuance 
for the next quadrennium is clearly desired. 


Summary 


A glance at even a partial list of the publications of the 
Council suggests the range of its service. The following are 
a few of the volumes published during the quadrennium, in 
addition to the many pamphlet publications in all Commissions: 

The Churches Allied for Common Tasks 

The Progress of Church Federation (Revised Ed.) 
Christian Unity: Its Principles and Possibilities 
Year Book of the Churches (annually) 

The Christian Crusade for a Warless World . 
The Winning of the Far East 

International Christian Movements 

The Teaching Work of the Church 

Social Work in the Churches 

Reviewing the work of the quadrennium, one might sum- 
marize the service of the Council under five heads. The 
Council is seen to be: 

1. A greatly needed clearing house of information and conference 
on matters of vital common interest to all the churches; 

2. An indispensable center of coordination in fields where the de- 
nominations are at work; 


3. A pioneer agency in carrying on, in behalf of the denominations, 
new types of work for which they have as yet no special agencies 
of their own, and which they could not do alone even if they had such 
agencies ; 

4. An agency for developing organized cooperation among the 
churches of local communities throughout the country; 


5. An organ of communication and cooperation with other impor- 
tant agencies—national and international, including the churches of 
other lands. 


Relations with Constituent Denominations 


A survey of the quadrennium justifies the conclusion that 
the relation between the Council and the denominations which 
comprise it has been becoming more intimate and direct. To 
maintain vital and representative relations with twenty-eight 
denominational bodies, differing as they do in forms of organi- 
zation and point of view, is an extraordinarily difficult task, 
but the attempt to do so is being made constantly and honestly 
and with an increasing measure of success. At the monthly 


FEDERAL COUNCIL’S SERVICE DURING QUADRENNIUM 99 


meetings of the Administrative Committee, which includes one 
official representative of each denomination, the whole pro- 
gram of the Council is considered in detail and no important 
actions are taken without its clear authorization. The Execu- 
tive Committee, made up of about one hundred of the official 
representatives of the constituent bodies, each year passes in 
review the development of the preceding twelve months and 
considers policies and program for the coming year. 

Side by side with the development of closer relations between 
the Council and the constituent bodies must go a correspond- 
ing development in their responsibility for the financial needs 
of the Council. The policy adopted unanimously at the last 
Quadrennial Meeting, looking toward the assumption of the 
full responsibility for the Council by the constituent denom- 
inations, rests upon the acknowledged purpose of effecting 
closer oversight of the Council in every respect by the constit- 
uent bodies. Progress has been made in the assumption of 
this financial responsibility by the denominations, nearly one- 
third of the total budget of the Council having come through 
denominational channels last year. ‘This represents nearly a 
three-fold increase over the practice of a few years ago, but the 
present advance is in no sense sufficient. A few of the de- 
nominations are now giving a proportional financial support to 
the Council which, if matched by the others, would mean a 
new day of opportunity for the Council by freeing it from the 
burden of having to secure from outside sources so large a 
part of the funds for the work which the Council is carrying 
on under the direction of the constituent bodies. 

During the quadrennium the United Lutheran Church has 
become a consultative member of the Council. The Evangeli- 
cal Association and the United Evangelical Church have 
merged in a new body known as the Evangelical Church, 
thereby reducing by one the number of constituent bodies in 
the Council, but giving a notable expression of the spirit of 
unity. 

The Council has been regularly represented at the official 
assemblies or conventions of the constituent denominations in 
order that its program and policies might be interpreted to the 
constituent denominations and that information might be 
given about any questions on which it might be desired. 


Relations with Other Interdenominational Bodies 


The Federal Council of the Churches and the other inter- 
denominational bodies which are carrying on cooperative ser- 
vice in specialized fields are gradually finding a closer rela- 


100 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


tionship to each other, partly through their representation upon 
the Administrative Committee of the Federal Council, where 
they meet month by month for purposes of conference and for 
preventing duplication of effort, and partly through their com- 
mon membership on the Consultative Committee, made up of 
representatives of the Federal Council and the several inter- 
board agencies. The Consultative Committee has served dur- 
ing the quadrennium as a meeting place from time to time to 
discuss important questions of common interest and for carry- 
ing forward certain studies in behalf of all the organizations, 
such as the Report upon Recruiting for Christian Life Service, 
now nearly completed. 

We cannot close this record of the quadrennium without a 
word of gratitude and affection to the many leaders in all the 
Churches whose counsel and sympathy and active support 
have made possible whatever advance has been made. Among 
the hundreds who deserve mention, and without whom the 
Council could not have carried on its work, particular refer- 
ence should be made to the President of the Council, Dr. 
Robert E. Speer, who has given unstintingly of his time and 
has brought rich insight and wisdom to every important de- 
cision. No factor has counted for more in the development 
of the last four years than his rare leadership. 

The work of the Council is not an outside or independent 
work, but the work of the denominations that comprise it. 
Its achievements are their achievements; its failures their fail- 
ures. It is not a super-organization. It has no life but a 
derived life, no authority but a delegated authority. It exists 
to serve the common needs of the Churches that called it into 
being, and desires above all things that they shall exercise the 
control and assume the full responsibility that is rightfully 
theirs. : 


FREDERICK W. BuRNHAM, 
Chairman of Executive Committee. 


Joun M. Moore, 
Chairman of Administrative Committee. 


CHARLES S. MACFARLAND, 


SAMUEL McCrea Cavert, 
General Secretaries. 


COMMISSION ON COUNCILS OF CHURCHES 


The last four years have witnessed the steady development 
of the Church Federation movement throughout the United 
States. The work of organizing new councils of churches 
and financing councils that had been formed but had never 
employed executive secretaries, has gone forward with encour- 
aging success. During this period the churches of the fol- 
lowing cities have established Protestant headquarters and 
employed executive secretaries: 

Kansas City, Mo.; Minneapolis, Minn.; Milwaukee, Wis. ; 
Atlantic City, N. J.; Paterson, N. J.; Trenton, N. J.; Wilming- 
ton, Del.; Richmond, Va.; Oakland, Calif.; San Francisco, 
Calif.; Springfield, Ill.; Lincoln, Neb.; Omaha, Neb., and 
Haverhill, Mass. 

Assistance has also been given to four cities which were in 
need of being re-financed. Fewer demands are being made 
upon the commission for service of this kind because the 
councils are more firmly established financially. 

At the close of this Quadrennium there are forty-eight 
cities in the United States in which the cooperative work is 
well established through the securing of executive leadership. 
The Commission has in all these cases contributed the services 
of its secretary in organizing councils, the cities being respons- 
ible only for the expenses of the campaign. The time has 
come when the city councils must accept more responsibility 
for this extension work. 

This increase in the number of councils of churches indicates 
only in part the progress that has been made in the Federation 
movement. The increased support that has been given in the 
cities which have been organized—some of them for at least 
a dozen years—suggest the confidence that the people have in 
this plan of cooperative work. A study of the budgets made 
at a recent date shows that at the present time more than five 
hundred thousand dollars is raised by the cities and states to 
make Christian cooperation effective. A high percentage of 
this amount comes from the participating congregations. 

A most important element in the progress has been the en- 
richment of the program of activities. Without question, the 
tendency in all these cities is to depend more and more upon 
one comprehensive organization to do many things that were 
formerly done by volunteer groups of individuals who were 
interested in certain phases of cooperative work. The pro- 
gram of cooperation has been made the richer because of this 


101 


102 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


dependence upon the existing organization that is built upon 
the responsible unit, the local church. 

At the beginning of the Quadrennium a problem that faced 
practically all the councils and federations of churches was 
that of cooperation in religious education. Much time has 
been spent by the secretaries in studying the relation of the 
council of churches to the organizations engaged in religious 
education. With the working out of the relationship between 
the International Sunday School Association and the denom- 
inational boards having to do with religious education, form- 
ing thus the International Council of Religious Education, the 
problem has been simplified. The cooperation between the 
newly formed organization and the councils and federations 
of churches has been very close, so that there has come about 
a consciousness of unity in the work that makes for greater 
efficiency and eliminates the danger of friction. The most 
notable development along this line has been in the city of 
Chicago, where the Chicago Council of Religious Education 
has been formed through the working out of a plan which has 
brought into splendid working relations those representing the 
Chicago Sunday School Association and the Chicago Federa- 
tion. In developing this cooperation it was agreed that the 
Council of Religious Education which was formed should 
sustain a three-fold relationship. ‘First of all, it shall be rep- 
resentative of the several communions cooperating in the Chi- 
cago Church Federation and such other communions as are 
cooperating in the International and State Councils of Re- 
ligious Education and in the Chicago Sunday School Asso- 
ciation. In the second place, it shall be representative of the 
State and National Councils of Religious Education in the 
area which it covers; and third, it shall be the Department of 
Religious Education of the Chicago Church Federation and 
the Federation shall carry on its work in the field of religious 
education only through the Council.” 

More and more the churches are recognizing that the coun- 
cil is literally a council of churches. This has been evidenced 
in the increase in the financial support that is given directly 
by the churches. There has been a steady growth in the de- 
velopment of the plan to put the council in the budgets of the 
churches. The funds thus secured are used mostly for the 
administrative expenses of the council. Various departments 
are financed through the support of individuals. More and 
more business men are making their contributions for relig- 
ious work, locally and nationally, directly to the churches. 

With the increase in the support given to the councils of 
churches there has been a steady tendency to lengthen the time 


COMMISSION ON COUNCILS OF CHURCHES 103 


of service the secretaries are rendering in the same position. 
During this Quadrennium two secretaries, Dr. Wright of 
Cleveland and Dr. Zahniser of Pittsburgh, have celebrated 
their tenth anniversary in the secretaryship. Four years ago it 
was a very difficult thing to secure the serious consideration 
of this position by able men, save those who had a vision of 
what had to be done. Such is not the case today. The success 
of the movement has given evidence that the council of 
churches is an abiding factor in the religious life of our 
cities and that there is a future for the man who goes into 
this work. 

The Association of Employed Executive Secretaries has 
held an annual meeting each year for ten years, at which time 
three or four days have been devoted to a discussion of the 
principles and methods of cooperative work. In these meet- 
ings the men of the different cities have been brought close 
together, so that there has developed a very fine fellowship. 
The recent developments make it clear that this Association 
will play a much larger part in the extension of the Federation 
work to all parts of the country. 

With at least three-fourths of the major cities of the coun- 
try organized, the next important step must be the formation 
of state councils of churches. At the present time five states 
are organized and employ executive secretaries, four of them 
having full time secretaries: Massachusetts, Connecticut, Ohio 
and California. Pennsylvania has a part time secretary but is 
planning to employ a secretary for full time during the coming 
year. The importance of the State Council of Churches can 
be appreciated when we realize that there are scores of cities 
throughout the United States that are not large enough to em- 
ploy a full time secretary yet are in need of this plan of co- 
operation. These cities can do the work under volunteer 
leadership when inspiration and counsel can be given to them 
by the representatives of the state organizations. This is being 
splendidly demonstrated in the organized states. The Ohio 
Council of Churches now employs three field secretaries to 
secure these results. 

The great problem of comity that is becoming more and 
more pressing can be met only by the coordinated effort of the 
state denominational bodies, especially outside the large cities. 
The rural problem demands that the state council shall be 
formed that the leaders may continuously and intelligently 
deal with the problem. The church leaders in a number of 
states such as Illinois, Indiana, Michigan and Minnesota are 
already moving forward in the organization of councils and 
are looking to the Federal Council for assistance. The need 


104 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


for the practice of comity is one of the greatest reasons for 
having a state council of churches. At the same time comity 
awakens fear in the hearts of some and is a real hindrance. 
The fear is that an intelligent, fearless facing of the problem 
of the over-churched village may mean eliminations or merg- 
ings. The bold decision of one denomination to have “fewer 
but stronger churches” is a step in the right direction. To 
adequately deal with the comity problem calls for close co- 
operation with the officers of the Home Missions Council. 

One of the delightful phases of the work during the last 
four years has been the close fellowship with the secretaries 
of the Young Men’s Christian Associations in the cities in 
which councils have been organized. In practically every 
case the Association has furnished campaign headquarters and 
generously contributed stenographic service and the use of the 
telephone. The secretaries and their associates have given 
much valued counsel in dealing with local conditions. 

In some cities the secretary of the Council is also secretary 
of the Council of Religious Education. Through the close 
cooperation of this character with Councils of Religious Edu- 
cation other cities have executive leadership in carrying out 
the community programs of the churches. This again is the 
case in the smaller cities. Such cooperation demands the most 
capable secretaries. Under the general guidance of the leaders 
of the State Council of Churches many cities are going to have 
successful Councils by bringing together in working programs 
the Young Men’s Christian Associations, the Young Women’s 
Christian Associations, the Councils of Religious Educations 
and the Council of Churches. This cooperation of the forces 
of the whole church will make the church a force that will 
be felt in all the life of the community. 

The Executive Committee of the Council of Churches brings 
into monthly conference the representatives of the churches 
and of the Christian organizations in cities and in states. This 
committee is the Christian Board of Strategy which is bring- 
ing about unity in spirit and in action. The responsibility that 
rests upon these bodies is very great. The fruits of this type 
of leadership make it inevitable that no city and no common- 
wealth will long be without it. Only through such cooperation 
can the Church most fully meet its obligations. 


Frep B. SMITH, Chairman, 


Roy B. GuItp, 
Harry N. HoiMEs, 
Executive Secretartes. 


COMMISSION ON EVANGELISM AND LIFE 
SERVICE 


The past quadrennium has been by far the most important 
in the history of the Commission. The Churches are looking 
to it as the clearing house for those great spiritual purposes 
which are set forth in the constitution of the Federal Council 
and which mean so much in the development of that unity for 
which Christ prayed. During the quadrennium a large number 
of the Churches affiliating with the Federal Council have or- 
ganized distinct departments or commissions of Evangelism. 
Through their activity in the development of comprehensive 
plans of special appeal and service the word Evangelism has 
taken on a new meaning in the vocabulary of the Church. If 
it was once synonymous with revivalism centering in mass 
movements, more or less spectacular and emotional, it has come 
to mean far more than great meetings under men specially 
called of God to be leaders in revival movements for which 
the world has had great need. Evangelism has come to mean 
the whole spiritual outlook of the Church, both in the realm 
of the child and in the experience of the man and woman 
who have turned aside from paths of peace and virtue and 
need to be reclaimed by the mercy and grace of Jesus Christ. 

We are emphasizing the training of the home and Sunday 
School as the most fundamental part of Evangelism. Re- 
ligious education is at the front in our great denominational 
movements. While forms of work differ, some adopting the 
catechetical method which has been honored for centuries with 
marked spiritual results, we are nevertheless seeking to make 
plain the fact that since Christianity is not a dogma or a creed 
alone but also a life, no amount of purely intellectual appre- 
hension of truth will lead a soul to a personal knowledge of 
Christ as his Guide and Savior. It is the ‘truth as it is in 
Jesus” to which we are committed. It is the practice and not 
simply the contemplation of virtue that gives the soul peace. 
The world by wisdom knows not God and the most persistent 
study, even of the Bible itself, is not synonymous with virtue. 
Ingersoll studied the Bible more persistently than Lincoln. One 
sneered at it, the other sought to follow its teaching. Char- 
acter is the deposit of conduct and conduct has its vital roots 
in personal relation to God. Evangelism stands, therefore, 
for the unfolding of all those principles which make for spir- 
itual life and practice. 


105 


106 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Interdenominational Visitation 


The cities throughout the country have solicited our Secre- 
taries of Evangelism to assist the Churches in presenting 
method and inspiration for united simultaneous effort for 
spiritual results. Our office has given its time and full staff 
to formulating the plans by which this could be accomplished. 
The Secretaries of the several denominations have given them- 
selves as far as possible to this work. Itineraries have been 
arranged by our office and the Secretaries notified weeks in 
advance. They have been asked to be in correspondence with 
their own denominational leaders in the given area and to 
urge them to make careful preparation for the meetings, to be 
present and to plan to put into execution the program pro- 
posed. The universal testimony is that nothing has contributed 
more to the growing spirit of unity among the Churches than 
to see representatives of the Baptist, Congregational, Disciples, 
Dutch Reformed, Episcopalian, Evangelical, Lutheran, Metho- 
dist, Presbyterian, United Brethren, Reformed and many other 
Churches standing on the same platform and without a dis- 
cordant note proclaiming the great evangelistic message in 
which they were all alike interested. There has been oppor- 
tunity also for the representative of each denomination to meet 
his own people for such denominational emphasis as he thought 
best to give. These meetings have been held in Boston, Brook- 
lyn, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, Pitts- 
burgh, Cleveland, Chicago, St. Louis, Kansas City and scores 
of other cities, and in every city named we have repeated our 
visits because of the insistent demand of the Churches. In the 
coming January these Secretaries go to the Pacific Coast in 
answer to the request of the Churches in the leading cities. We 
have also developed county and state work, and are helping 
in the forming of such associations as hope to meet the evange- 
listic need of the rural communities. Some of the Churches— 
notably the Baptists, Methodists and Presbyterians—are seek- 
ing by state conferences or Presbyterial movements to reach 
every community where they have responsibility. They are 
doing this to an extent which was not believed possible four 
years ago. 


A Concerted Movement for Church Attendance 


Our Commission invited the Secretaries of Evangelism to 
meet together at Northfield for three days in June for a spir- 
itual conference, where the first object should be the seeking of 
spiritual power and illumination in their own souls that they 
might be fitted to lead and inspire those who were looking to 


EVANGELISM AND LIFE SERVICE 107 


them as key men. Under that guidance it was hoped that such 
plans and methods as could be wisely used might be developed. 
We were not disappointed. Thirteen denominations were rep- 
resented by one or more of their leaders, in addition to their 
Secretaries. By the testimony of the men themselves it was a 
most remarkable meeting in spiritual power. They were in one 
accord and plans were inaugurated that have already achieved 
remarkable success. It was felt that the great fundamental 
need of the hour was to develop the spirit of worship. A gen- 
eral method of increasing church attendance was planned and 
has been put into execution. A stirring paper was presented 
by Dr. R. L. Russell of the M. E. Church, South, on the 
“Absentee Church Member.” It was ordered printed by our 
Commission and thousands of copies of it have been distributed 
throughout the country. The paper by Dr. R. C. Helfenstein, 
of the Christian Church, on “The Pastor and Evangelism,” is 
now being printed. Our Committee on Literature, of which 
Dr. F. L. Fagley, of the Congregational Commission, is Chair- 
man, has sent out suggestive items for twelve messages to be 
used in church and local papers. Dr. Jesse M. Bader, Superin- 
tendent of Evangelism for the Disciples, was asked to send 
special articles to the Churches. We have published messages 
on the value of church attendance from Presidents, Governors 
and Congressmen, judges and educators, as well as ministers. 
Your Secretary was instructed to prepare a message on Lay- 
men and the Church, thousands of copies of which have already 
been distributed. It is too soon to get the full reports from 
this movement to arouse new interest in public worship and 
church attendance, but the pastors’ reports already in hand 
indicate that nothing surpassing it in efficiency has ever been 
done cooperatively by the churches. Our Canadian brethren 
have also joined us and we have sent them our literature. It 
was our Northfield Conference that made it possible for us to 
unite all our Churches in this concerted effort, leaving each 
church at liberty to push it by its own methods in its own terri- 
tory, while we were able by our methods of stimulation and 
publicity to put the facts before the whole country in a way to 
command greater attention than any denomination could secure 
alone. 

We also united on a Fellowship of Prayer program, which 
is more far-reaching than anything of the kind in the history 
of the Christian Church in America. Last year more than 
300,000 copies of this booklet were circulated and hundreds of 
newspapers published every day during the pre-Easter period 
the Scriptures, song and prayer that we suggested. -Certainly 
millions of people had these spiritual messages called to their 


108 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


attention; and many of these people would not have been in 
touch with the Church or worship otherwise. 

The Topics for the Universal Week of Prayer are coming 
into increasing favor. In this we join with Christian people 
throughout the world. Our President, Dr. Speer, has prepared 
the topics for this year in cooperation with the World’s Evan- 
gelical Alliance of England and they have been adopted in 
twenty different countries. 


Religious Life in the Past Quadrennium 


This is a time for deep heart-searching on the part of the 
Church. The fearful legacy of war in hatreds and jealousies 
and misunderstanding among the nations has been reflected in 
the Church. The quadrennium opened with greater indiffer- 
ence and greater abandon in sins of selfishness, of lust and 
passion than we felt before the war. Brave faith seemed 
fallen, the old hopes dead. The pendulum has swung from 
that, and a year ago we had the best report of ingathering for 
several years, but the year now closing has been marked by an 
apparent dropping in zeal and in attention to the one great busi- 
ness of the Church. There have been several contributing 
causes. The leaders of the churches advance two reasons as 
the most potent: 

First, there have been theological discussions, not always in 
the kindliest spirit, which have distracted the Church from its 
high task of being the salt of the earth and the light of the 
world. Such discussions have at times been acrimonious. Is 
it not time for the Church to catch the spirit of Nehemiah 
building the walls of Jerusalem and to say to those who divert 
the builders by queries and quibbles, “I am about a great work 
and I cannot come down. Why should the work cease while 
I leave it and come down to you?’ The task which confronts 
the Church today is to build up the Kingdom. It is not a time 
for talk; it is a time for work, for love and for zeal. All right- 
minded men are agreed upon the great principles of the 
Christian life—to deal justly, to love mercy and to walk hum- 
bly with God. Say ye to the righteous, “It shall be well with 
him.” Who doubts it? Say ye to the wicked, “It shall be ill 
with him.” Nobody in heaven or earth or hell can deny that. 
We talk about our doubts. Does anybody doubt that he who 
walks with God as revealed to us in Christ walks a safe and 
helpful path? Let the Church put its doubts in its pockets 
and go to walking with God, and when it feels for its doubts 
they will be gone. Christianity is a religion of kindness and 
love. How much will knowledge without love avail? “As 
much as it avails the Devil and his angels,” said John Wesley 


EVANGELISM AND LIFE SERVICE 109 


Let us cease all contention and go to building character after 
the pattern shown in our Lord Jesus Christ, and then the walls 
of the City of God will go up. 

Second, there are others who feel that the emphasis upon 
denominational drives for money has been too great and energy 
has been diverted from spiritual work, bringing in the end an 
unsatisfactory showing even in the offerings so strenuously 
insisted upon. 

It is not necessary to force either or both of these answers. 
There will doubtless be great difference of opinion as to the 
cause or causes, but the condition is not a matter of opinion 
but of fact. Only one of the large Churches has made a 
greater gain this year than last, and this denomination has with 
full purpose of heart put evangelism at the head of all her 
efforts, and doing that, her financial return has been also great. 


Personal Evangelism 


While there are men of God among us whose work has re- 
ceived the special approval of God in tabernacles and other 
mass movements, there is a growing feeling that the great 
dependence of the Church must be put on the regular agencies 
of the pastors and laymen of the Church. This plan has been 
put into practice in many cities by pastors instructing their own 
church workers how to do personal work, meeting at an early 
hour each evening and then after prayer going out, in many 
cases two by two, and continuing this daily for two weeks in 
a given community, without special meetings of any kind. In 
some cases this has been followed by public meetings, where 
new converts have been urged to public confession of Christ 
and to immediate action in bringing others into the same ex- 
perience. This furnishes every church member an opportunity 
for service, as the pastor has already made out a list of those 
who ought to be reached and assigned them to his workers. 

We have brought to the attention of the Churches the matter 
of the absentee church member, with special emphasis on his 
neglect of the means of grace. We would recommend to pas- 
tors and officials throughout the Churches a change of atti- 
tude in the matter of removals by church letter. Testimony 
comes to us from every side affirming that in many cases it is 
difficult for a member to secure a transfer to another church. 
Because of that, members moving to other cities will not give 
themselves the trouble or annoyance of asking for their letters. 
With the coming of a new pastor their names are likely to be 
dropped and so lost to the Church, or, if a church letter is re- 
ceived, the pastor of the Church giving it does not keep in 
touch with the member until the letter is placed in some other 


110 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Church and does not inform the pastor in the city to which the 
member has moved of his presence there. It is therefore very 
easy to shirk all responsibility—financial and spiritual. We 
would like to remind the Church of this fact and ask each 
denomination if it cannot adopt some better method of looking 
after its members in transit from one church to another. 


The Radio and Worship 


The radio is a mighty agency for good or evil. More than 
three million sets are in use and there are five hundred and 
sixty commercial broadcasting stations in the United States. 
It is estimated that twenty million listeners constitute the radio 
audience. A year ago we sent an earnest request to the Secre- 
taries of City Federations and other Church leaders through- 
out the country asking that they use the radio to broadcast 
every Sunday, and as often as possible through the week, ser- 
mons of real evangelistic value, in which the spiritual note 
should be supreme. In many cities this has been accomplished 
in a remarkable degree. The results in New York from the 
work of the Federation of Churches have been most satisfac- 
tory and hundreds of messages have been received from people 
who have accepted the invitation of the preacher and given 
themselves to Jesus Christ for life and service. 

Some, however, are questioning the spiritual value of the 
radio. They are affirming that many remain at home from 
the morning service, and without spiritual or physical prepara- 
tion hear the message over the radio. All the accessories of 
worship are absent, and the critics say that under such circum- 
stances the prayers themselves lose most of their value, the 
family is confirmed in habits of personal indolence, and the 
Church and pastor lose the inspiration which comes from their 
presence in the sanctuary. This is a matter to be settled by 
actual experience and we shall be glad to know what the re- 
sults of this new form of the proclamation of the truth really 
are. 

J. Ross STEVENSON, 
Chairman. 


CHARLES L. GOODELL, 
Executive Secretary. 


COMMISSION ON CHRISTIAN EDUCATION 


The special effort of the Federal Council of the Churches in 
the field of religious education during the past quadrennium 
has been to secure a more effective correlation of the many 
agencies already working in this field. The need for a cor- 
relation of programs is almost unanimously admitted by the 
educational leaders in the Churches. A host of agencies, 
Sunday School, Week-day School, Vacation Bible School, 
Mission Study groups, Young People’s Societies, Y. M. C. A., 
Y. W. C. A., Scouts, Camp Fire Girls and others are all pro- 
jecting important programs, but there is at present no common 
understanding in accordance with which each agency ap- 
proaches its work in the light of what is being contributed by 
the others to the total education of the individual. The result 
is that these agencies are often competing with each other for 
the attention of the same boys and girls, while other groups in 
the community are unreached by all of these agencies. 

A significant conference for the purpose of discussing this 
problem, held under the auspices of the Federal Council at 
Garden City, Long Island, May 12-13, 1921, attended by rep- 
resentatives of most of the agencies, offered programs of 
religious education. This conference included in its findings 
the following declaration: 


“We register the conviction that some more inclusive coordina- 
tion is essential to the complete fulfillment of our whole educa- 
tional task. We feel an imperative need for some continuous 
provision for conference on the part of all the agencies carrying 
on the many-sided work of Christian education. Such problems 
as those which we have considered in this Conference are not the 
concern of one agency alone, or even of a group of agencies cov- 
ering less than the whole field; they can be solved adequately only 
as the various agencies make their plans in full knowledge and 
understanding of what is being planned by others. To awaken 
the public conscience to the need for Christian education; to 
secure a system of Christian education that shall include the whole 
community; to reach the groups outside the churches and now 
untouched by any of our agencies; to relate the work of the 
Sunday School, of the agencies for missionary education, of the 
Young People’s Societies, of the Young Men’s and the Young 
Women’s Christian Associations, of the Boy Scouts and other or- 
ganizations in the local community more closely to one another; 
to adjust the Church’s educational work to that of the public 
school; to study religious education scientifically and to make the 
best use of modern research in general education; to organize 
more effectively the religious influences in the institutions of 
higher learning that are not supported by the churches; to corre- 
late the Church’s agencies for religious education in the parish 
with her agencies for religious education in her schools and col- 


111 


112 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


leges—these and other problems all demand the united considera- 
tion of all the agents of Christian education if the most effective 
program is to be achieved.” 


The work of this gathering was carried forward by a con- 
tinuation committee until the Spring of 1923 when a second 
Conference on Correlation of Programs was held at Forest 
Hills, Long Island, May 2-4. The Findings of this gathering, 
which were as follows, have drawn wide-spread attention to 
the necessity for a more united approach to our common edu- 
cational task: 


“1. The child in the local group is the basis of correlation of 
program material. 


“2. Local initiative and experimentation in program- -making are 
to be encouraged and stimulated, even in the less resourceful com- 
munities, rather than the adoption of prescribed programs of 
activities. 


“3. In order to make available a vane of source material in a 
form usable by local communities, and in order to give them 
stimulus, help and guidance, typical programs should be developed 
nationally. Such programs should grow out of local experimenta- 
tion, and every effort should be made to prevent them from be- 
coming fixed and static. 


“4. National organizations have important functions to perform 
in encouraging experimentation, comparing the results from vari- 
ous communities, serving as a clearing house for successful 
methods, developing and training leaders and especially in sensing 
problems or plans that might be typical of any large grouping in 
American or world society, so that there may be the outlook of 
the larger groupings as well as of the local community. 


“5. In view of the larger value which comes from the develop- 
ment of plans locally, and in view of the fact that no one type 
of program can meet the needs of every community or group, pro- 
grams should be presented by the national organizations in such 
form as will make possible individual selection and adaptation and 
stimulative initiative and resourcefulness. Community groups 
should work out plans locally, using national programs as source 
material in meeting different kinds of situations. 


“6. As an immediate step in facilitating this procedure, the com- 
mon, as well as the distinctive material of the different programs 
now existing should be codified and cross-referenced so as to make 
it more available. for use in the development of self-directed 
activities. 


“7. We note with appreciation the fact that the Committee on 
International Curriculum of the International Lesson Committee 
plans to have integrally related to its work on a church-school 
curriculum all the elements involved in the entire program of 
religious education. 


“8. We recommend that each of the general agencies concerned 
in religious education be asked to name two representatives to a 
Council on Correlation, which would serve as a clearing house of 
problems and plans of mutual concern. 

“We recommend that this Council be convened at an early date 
by the Commiteee which called this Conference. 


CHRISTIAN EDUCATION 113 


“While this Council will form its own organization and determine 
its own functions, we recommend 


(a) That it give attention to the codifying and cross-referencing 
of present program material; 


(b) That it consider the possibility of further cooperation on 
the part of all agencies concerned in the preparation of program 
material.” 

The Council on Correlation which was recommended by the 
Forest Hills’ Conference has held frequent meetings since that 
time under the chairmanship of Rev. Benjamin S. Winchester, 
who out of his long experience with the Sunday School Move- 
ment and his intimate contacts with nearly all the other agen- 
cies of religious education, brought an unusual equipment for 
this task. Most of the agencies, which were represented in the 
Forest Hills’ Conference, have designated at least one repre- 
sentative to sit regularly in the discussions of the Correlation 
Council. The progress made has been slow at times owing to 
the fact that the members are all drawn from the busy ad- 
ministrative staffs of the various cooperating agencies, but con- 
siderable progress has been made in analyzing the actual life 
situations of young people between the ages of twelve and 
seventeen, with a view to ascertaining more accurately just 
what each of the existing agencies has to contribute to the 
meeting of these life needs. 

It is the present plan of the Council to undertake to work 
out a correlated program of education for dealing with a few 
of the more urgent religious and social needs of young people, 
such as, education for temperance, education for honesty and 
education for Christian race relations. It is hoped that the 
experience gained through this limited attempt at correlation 
may help to guide towards a more complete correlation of 
educational programs. | 

Other important phases of educational work are being con- 
stantly carried on by many of the Commissions of the Federal 
Council, especially the Commission on the Church and Social 
Service, the Commission on International Justice and Goodwill 
and the Commission on the Church and Race Relations. The 
recent establishment of the Department of Research and Edu- 
cation for the Council as a whole is expected to bring together 
under a more unified direction all phases of research and 
education now being carried on by the Council. 


WILLIAM ADAMS Brown, 
Chairman. 


COMMISSION ON THE CHURCH AND SOCIAL 
SERVICE 


The Commission on the Church and Social Service has had 
a rapid development and a steadily widening range of service 
between the years 1920 and 1924. The growth of the Research 
Department falls almost entirely within this period, and the 
same is true of the Industrial and Community Conferences, of 
which above one hundred and twenty-five have now been held. 
Work has been undertaken in the fields of child welfare and 
delinquency, and a large volume of service has been rendered 
by the Department of Community Relations, which includes 
assistance to local churches in developing their community 
service, and similarly to state and city federations of churches, 
and interesting and important relations with national social 
agencies and movements. 


Development of the Research Department 


Rev. F. Ernest Johnson came to the Commission as a part 
time secretary in 1918. By the close of that year a long-con- 
templated Department of Research was begun, and by the end 
of the quadrennium the Information Service had been started, 
studies had been made of industrial conflicts in Denver and 
Lawrence, and of the Motion Picture industry, and the first 
volume of the Industrial Problem Series, “What is the Chris- 
tian View of Work and Wealth,” had been completed. 

The Department, however, has had its main development 
during the last four years. With the growth of its experience 
and effectiveness it became desirable to extend its service to 
other Commissions of the Council, and finally within the cur- 
rent year another need which has been long foreseen was met 
by constituting the Research Department a Department of 
Research and Education for the entire Council. 

Since the work of the Department of Research and Educa- 
tion, both in its former capacity and as at present constituted, 
appears in a separate report, it is not necessary to restate it 
here. 

Community Conferences 


The Secretarial Council, made up of the denominational sec- 
eretaries for social service, has had from the beginning a pri- 
mary interest in the interpretation of Christian principles to 
economic conditions. It may truly be said to have been their 
most absorbing interest. 

In the Spring and Autumn of 1920 the Commission began 
holding conferences in industrial centers, with a view to dis- 


114 


CHURCH AND SOCIAL SERVICE 115 


cussing the relation of the church to industry with pastors and 
laymen, and if possible to induce Christian employers and 
leaders of organized labor to consider the possibility of work- 
ing out cooperative relations along Christian principles, instead 
of the prevailing state of either active or latent antagonism 
which obtains in so many industries. The tirst trial conference 
was held in Atlanta, in May, 1920, when under the inspiring 
and generous leadership of the late John J. Eagan, Mr. Earl 
Dean Howard, of Chicago, and the Executive Secretary met 
in conference first the pastors of Atlanta and in the evening a 
large number of the employers of the city. 

Since that time approximately 125 conferences have been 
held in various parts of the country, including the cities of 
New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Rochester, Buffalo, Cin- 
cinnati, Dayton, Columbus, Detroit, Chicago, Kansas City, 
Topeka, Omaha, Des Moines, Minneapolis, Salt Lake City, 
Seattle, Portland, Sacramento, San Francisco, Fresno, Bakers- 
field, Santa Barbara, Los Angeles, San Diego, Riverside, El 
Paso, San Antonio, Houston, Dallas, Fort Worth, New 
Orleans, Birmingham, Spartanburg, Norfolk, and numerous 
smaller industrial centers. 

In most two-day conferences Sundays are devoted to the 
discussion of the meaning of Christ’s teaching as to the human 
relationships of industry. In addition to clergymen who have 
specialized in this field, large use has been made of the volun- 
tary service of employers and leaders of labor who have done 
serious thinking or experimentation in industrial relationships. 
In the Boston conference sixty-five pulpits were opened on one 
Sunday, and the cooperation included the Catholic Archdio- 
cese, the Jewish and the liberal churches. In the Buffalo con- 
ference also a number of speakers were brought in for Sunday. 

Gradually a considerable group of suitable speakers, from 
both employers and labor, and including also ministers and 
professors of sociology and political economy, have been dis- 
covered in various parts of the country. They have given their 
time generously and with real interest, in spite of the fact that 
they have sometimes faced criticism from their own groups 
and that the conferences have often been inadequately set up 
because of the lack of a field secretary to go in advance. 

The scope of these conferences has been gradually broadened 
to meet local demands. Pastors have desired discussion of the 
problems of the local church, especially its social program, staff, 
housing and administration. In most conferences a session, 
usually a luncheon or dinner, is devoted to a meeting between 
the local Council of Social Agencies and pastors and church 
social workers, to discuss more effective cooperation between 


116 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


churches and social agencies, in relation to social case work 
and family welfare. The problems of delinquency, religious 
work in jails, public recreation, motion pictures, social hygiene, 
and the development of the church as a seven-day-a-week 
center of neighborhood life receive increasing attention. The 
general plan of these conferences has been not to attempt to 
set up special meetings, except with pastors and social workers, 
but to place speakers in pulpits and with luncheon clubs, 
chambers of commerce, universities, women’s organizations, 
labor temples, and of late before high schools. 

In May of 1924 an experiment was tried out in Ohio, in 
cooperation with the Ohio Council of Churches. Advantage 
was taken of existing County Councils of Churches, and con- 
ferences were held in fifty-five counties and larger centers of 
population. Five teams were organized for a period of three 
Sundays and two intervening weeks, and a rural specialist 
was placed on each team at the request of the County Councils. 
The plan was found in practice to be too elaborate to work to 
the best advantage, but it was instructive and very much 
worth while. 

For the future the experience of four years’ experimentation 
has made it clear that a field secretary to go in advance for 
purposes of organization and to attend to follow-up is indis- 
pensable. Given a field secretary, it is desirable to hold as 
many conferences as can be properly set up. If the Christian- 
izing of industry is to be taken seriously, especially considering 
the vastness of the nation, it is imperative to work in a large 
way. 


Other Relations to Industry 


The Commission has had other contacts with industrial af- 
fairs. It felt called upon to protest against the Open Shop 
movement in 1921 as against sound public policy insofar as 
that movement sought the destruction of the organized labor 
movement. In this it was joined by the National Catholic 
Welfare Council. In 1923 the Commission issued a study of 
the twelve-hour day in the steel industry, and voiced the opin- 
ion of the churches that it should be brought to an end. Once 
again the Federal Council of Churches, the National Catholic 
Welfare Conference and the Central Conference of American 
Rabbis united their influences. On the 25th of May, 1921, the 
heads of the industry rejected the appeal of President Harding 
that the long shift be abolished; but within a few weeks, under 
pressure of public opinion aroused by the churches, the Amer- 
ican Iron and Steel Institute reversed its decision. 

During the coal strike and the threatened strike on the rail- 


CHURCH AND SOCIAL SERVICE 117 


roads, the Commission in cooperation with the National Cath- 
olic Welfare Council and the Central Conference of American 
Rabbis, exerted its influence for conference and settlement. 
Three joint statements were issued to the public on the coal 
strike. Conferences were held with the President, with the 
Secretaries of Commerce and Labor and with committees of the 
Senate and House, urging a study of the coal industry by the 
Government in order to bring the essential facts at issue before 
the country and to furnish information for an effort to control 
intermittency in the industry. 

It was recognized in advance that some of these efforts 
would arouse misunderstanding or antagonism, and that they 
could not hope to be wholly free from errors in judgment, 
but it was believed that a true teaching church, which is com- 
mitted to human welfare and has in mind the creation of a 
more Christian social order, must be willing to take such 
a risk. We see no reason to think that these actions were 
mistaken. 

One significant feature of these efforts for industrial justice 
and good will has been the demonstration of inter-communal 
solidarity and cooperation. At a time when the nation is rent 
by religious controversies, the people have had the edifying 
spectacle of Protestant, Catholic and Hebrew trusting each 
other and working together for social welfare. 


Help to Local Churches 


During the last eight years the Commission has been devot- 
ing increasing attention to the problems of the local church, to 
the relation of local churches and councils of churches to com- 
munity organizations, child welfare and delinquency, and to 
working out relations of national social agencies and move- 
ments with churches in communities. These are the natural 
and near-at-hand forms of social work in which every pastor 
and every church can and must engage. These phases of work 
have been grouped together in the Department of Community 
Relations. They have received and still receive much of the 
personal attention of the Executive Secretary. During 1921 
and 1922 Miss Helen Ward Tippy acted as Assistant in the 
Department. She conducted studies and developed a bureau 
of information on the best experimentation by the various de- 
nominations in different types of local churches, rural and 
urban. She also made studies in the Summer Activities of the 
Church and in Social Dancing in Parish Houses, the latter at 
the request of the Congregational Department of Social Ser- 
vice. She was also Secretary for a year of the Study Com- 


118 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


mittee on Community Organization of the Lane Conference, of 
which the Executive Secretary was Chairman. 

Rev. Carl H. Barnett came to the Commission as Secretary 
of Community Relations in May, 1923. He has carried for- 
ward the work already begun. Research into the development 
of various types of local churches has been continued. A 
Speakers’ Bureau, centering mainly on industrial problems, has 
been created for the use of church forums. A recent study 
has been completed of Churches in Business Blocks at the 
request of The First Christian Church of Oakland, California. 
An illustrated lecture on The Housing of the Seven-Day 
Church, with lantern pictures of some of the best recent build- 
ing of different denominations, with special reference to social 
requirements, has been prepared and duplicate sets made for 
denominational secretaries. This address is now given in most 
Industrial and Community Conferences, and frequently before 
local congregations preparing to build. The lecture concretes 
the problem of the social work of the local church and is 
effective in the education of congregations for the support of 
a program which the pastor desires to undertake. 

Thus there has grown up quietly and normally through a 
period of years an important and steadily growing service 
bureau on the work of the local church, majoring on its social 
aspects, which is of large value to churches throughout the 
country, and which serves to give the Federal Council much 
needed contacts in communities. Without these and other local 
contacts by its commissions, the Federal Council seems far 
away and unreal to the local churches of the land. When 
denominations have their own organized service for their local 
churches, and when it is desired, the information secured by 
the Department is made available to them and passes through 
their hands. A great many requests, however, are of a char- 
acter which require direct answer. 


Child Welfare 


A Committee on Child Welfare, to deal first with the prob- 
lem of church institutions for the care of children, was created 
in February, 1922, with Mr. Henry W. Thurston, of the New 
York School of Social Work, as its chairman. The Committee 
consists of denominational officials responsible for such institu- 
tions and of specialists from the field of child welfare. The 
study of such institutions, begun by the Interchurch World 
Movement, was brought down to date and standards for guid- 
ance of church institutions were drawn up. The next move 
was to conduct field studies and to make helpful contacts with 
denominational officials and with local institutions, especially 


CHURCH AND’ SOCIAL SERVICE 119 


with those discovered to be below standard. It soon became 
apparent that the work to be done demanded the time of an 
experienced executive, and an effort was made to finance such 
a secretary, but without success. An arrangement was then 
worked out with the Child Welfare League, by which that 
Organization put a secretary into the church field, working in 
liaison with the Committee on Child Welfare of the Commis- 
sion. Mr. H. W. Hopkirk was secured and has been at work 
for a year studying the problem and gradually making contacts 
with institutions and denominations. It is to be regretted that 
the denominational departments could not appropriate moneys 
and that the Federal Council itself was not in a position to 
finance this secretary. 


Delinquency and Jails 


Five hundred thousand persons are believed to pass through 
penal institutions in the United States in the course of a year. 
This fact and the problem of juvenile delinquency in commu- 
nities constitute one of the gravest problems of modern civiliza- 
tion; a problem which was close to the heart of the Saviour and 
is strictly one of redemption. It is difficult for local churches 
to do anything in prisons and reformatories, but they can work 
directly in the thousands of jails, lock-ups and other penal in- 
stitutions throughout the country; and they have an extraor- 
dinary opportunity for the prevention of juvenile delinquency 
through club organizations and other parish activities of local 
churches. 

With these possibilities in mind and with the friendly assist- 
ance of the American Prison Association, the National Com- 
mittee on Prisons and Prison Labor and the Russell Sage 
Foundation, a Committee on Delinquents was set up in 1922 
under the chairmanship of Rev. Charles N. Lathrop, and with 
a membership of officials of churches and distinguished spe- 
cialists working in different fields of delinquency. 

It was decided to concentrate on religious and social work 
in jails as a first effort. Visits have been made to local jails 
in widely scattered communities, and a pamphlet on the jails 
outlining methods of work and approach for local committees 
of church people has been published. A study course on De- 
linquency is being prepared by the Research Department, and 
an information volume on the American Jail is being written. 


Child Labor 


In October, 1923, the Commission decided to use its influ- 
ence, and so far as possible that of the cooperating denomina- 
tional departments of social service, for the passage of bills by 


120 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


the Congress to submit to the states an amendment to the 
Constitution of the United States empowering the Congress to 
legislate for the control of the evil of child labor; and if this 
should be successful, for ratification by the states. A study 
was made of methods in social legislation followed by the 
more important national organizations interested in social 
legislation. As a result, it was concluded to be legitimate for 
the churches to bring to public officials in Washington the 
conviction of the churches that child labor should be abolished, 
and later to educate public opinion in the states. It was 
decided to follow always educational methods, and in no case 
to participate in any attempt to elect or defeat individual 
candidates. This general policy was approved by the Colum- 
bus meeting of the Commission in December, 1923. 


Acting upon these instructions, a widespread and effective 
effort was organized working through denominational depart- 
ments, the church press, denominational assemblies and directly 
through pastors and influential persons in various states. The 
Federal Council became an important factor in the joint effort 
of twenty-four national organizations working for the Amend- 
ment. The Executive Secretary became a member of the small 
Steering Committee of seven representing the Protestant group, 
while Father John A. Ryan, Director of the Department of 
Social Action of the National Catholic Welfare Conference, 
represented the Catholic Church. The plan of action worked 
out received practically unanimous approval in Industrial and 
Community Conferences during the period, and from pastors, 
editors and church officials. The Commission is now entering 
actively into campaigns for creating public opinion in the 
several states. 


The Commission in thus undertaking service in the field of 
social legislation has determined on a policy of supporting a 
very limited number of the most urgent measures, and those 
only after careful study; to avoid personalities and bitter at- 
tacks; to seek to keep always in mind the spirit and method 
of Christ ; but once a measure has been adopted to push it with 
vigor to its finish. 


Labor Sunday Messages and Industrial Review 


Following the precedents of other years, the Commission 
has maintained friendly contacts with the organized labor 
movement. The Executive Secretary attended the American 
Federation of Labor as a friendly visitor in 1921. The Re- 
search Secretary represented the Commission in 1922, and Rev. 
Arthur E. Holt, at Portland, in 1923. This year Rev. Alva W. 


CHURCH AND SOCIAL SERVICE 121 


Taylor was chairman of the delegation at El Paso, and Rev. 
Hubert C. Herring, Rev. W. B. Spofford and the Executive 
Secretary also attended. Pulpits of the city were supplied on 
Sunday, November 23rd. 

The Labor Sunday Messages during the quadrennium were 
as follows: 


For 1921. Responsibility of the Church in Industry. 
fi ks 1922. Review of the Year and Human Relationship in In- 
ustry. 
For 1923. Industrial Review of the Year, with Interpretations. 
For 1924. The Interpretation of the Social Ideals of the Churches. 
Beginning with 1922 the annual Industrial Review was in- 
augurated. This has become an important and permanent 
feature of the annual Labor Sunday Message, summarizing as 
it does the more important happenings of the year in the field 
of industry. 


Other Items of Service 


The Commission has prepared during 1923 the report on 
The Church and Industry for the American Section of the 
Universal Christian Conference on Life and Work, which 
meets in Stockholm in the Summer of 1925. The Executive 
Secretary is Secretary also of the Commission on the Church 
and Economic and Industrial Problems of the American Sec- 
tion. 

The Commission on the Church and Country Life at its an- 
nual meeting in Atlantic City in January, 1923, requested the 
Commission on the Church and Social Service to assume the 
Executive management of the Commission until such time as 
it could be properly organized and financed. The responsibil- 
ity was assumed with the understanding that the Executive 
Secretary should be assisted by Mr. B. Y. Landis, Rural Sec- 
retary of the Department of Research and Education, which 
was granted. Plans are now being worked out which it is 
hoped will reconstitute the Commission on the Church and 
Country Life on a permanent basis. 

A recent development in the relation of the church to social 
work is the growing recognition of the importance of co- 
operation from the churches by public welfare officials. Two 
years ago the Director of the State Board of Welfare of North 
Carolina came to the office of the Commission asking advice 
and assistance as to how to secure better cooperation from 
pastors with County Superintendents of Welfare. Recently re- 
quests have come from New Jersey and Georgia relative to the 
same problem in the welfare institutions of those states. The 
Commission has done everything in its power, with its limited 
staff, to meet these requests, realizing that the churches have a 


122 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


duty to assist the state in these forms of service to unfortunate 
and delinquent citizens. 

Members of the Secretarial Council have given a part of 
each summer for the last three years to lecturing at pastors’ 
summer schools of affiliated denominations, especially Drs. 
Taylor, Holt, Armstrong, Cavert, Sanderson and the Execu- 
tive Secretary. The latter has been on the faculties of twelve 
schools during the quadrennium lecturing on “The Social Prin- 
ciples of Jesus,” and ‘““The Program, Staff and Administration 
of the Seven-Day Church.” 

Official relations have been worked out during the quadren- 
nium with several additional denominations, including the 
Methodist Episcopal Church, South, the Seventh Day Baptist 
Church, and the Reformed Church in America, by which they 
have appointed representatives on the Commission, supported 
by effective social service within the denomination. Represen- 
tatives of the Inner Mission of the United Lutheran Church 
and the Universalist Church of the United States and Canada 
are sitting in without membership. 

Never in all the years of pastoral service, in which the 
chief concern was always for the spiritual life of the people, 
has the Executive Secretary felt nearer the heart of Christ or 
more in harmony with the great purposes of the Kingdom of 
God than during these years of associated effort in the forms 
of service covered by this report. 


SHELBY M. Harrison, 
Chairman 


WortH M. Tippy, 
Executive Secretary 


COMMISSION ON TEMPERANCE 


The Commission on Temperance, having no budget with 
which to maintain an executive staff, has carried on its work 
during the quadrennium chiefly in cooperation with other 
phases of the Federal Council’s activities or general move- 
ments in the interest of temperance. 

In accordance with a vote of the Administrative Committee 
the Commission on Temperance prepared the following state- 
ment which was issued in the name of the Federal Council of 
Churches shortly before the November election in 1922. 


The public announcement of the program of the forces opposed to 
prohibition is a direct challenge to the churches and the friends of 
orderly government. They demand the repeal of the national pro- 
hibition act and the restoration of the manufacture and sale of beer 
and wine, in the face of the fact that both are intoxicating and 
therefore cannot be legalized without first changing the Constitution. 
Furthermore, the sale of beer and wine would require some agency 
for distribution, and so would lead inevitably to the return of the 
outlawed saloon with all its attendant evils. 

Even more serious than the open campaign against prohibition are 
the sinister influences constantly at work to prevent the honest en- 
forcement of the existing law. To disobey or disregard any law 
enacted by the properly accredited representatives of the people is to 
aid the cause of anarchy and to undermine the foundation on which 
all democratic institutions rest. In the ringing words of President 
Harding: “Whatever breeds disrespect for the law of the land is a 
force tending to the general breakdown of the social organization.” 

The Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America there- 
fore appeals to all Christian people to exert every influence to secure 
the impartial enforcement of all laws. Since the foes of prohibition 
are now united to defeat the Constitution, it is high time for the 
Christian forces of our country also to unite and to be as consistent 
at the ballot box in their support of the Constitution as its enemies 
are in attempting its nullification. 


This statement was widely circulated in religious publica- 
tions and in the secular press and was extensively distributed 
by mail in the states where the question in some form was an 
acute issue in the election. 

As suggested in the statement, it is the urgent patriotic duty 
of the churches and of all friends of good government to 
combat the insidious propaganda now being circulated against 
prohibition and to cooperate in bringing to the support of 
officials who are honestly enforcing the law the same powerful 
moral backing which aided so greatly in the adoption of the 
Eighteenth Amendment and the statutes which put it into 
effect. 

In addition to the issuance of this statement, the Commission 


123 


124 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


has joined with other organizations in representations to the 
authorities in Washington regarding sale of intoxicating liquors 
on ships of the United States and the problem of further 
checking liquor smuggling from Canada and Mexico. 

The Commission arranged a conference with denominational 
temperance boards and other allied organizations in the hope 
of working out a vigorous campaign of education in support 
of temperance and enforcement of existing laws against the 
manufacture and sale of intoxicating beverages. 

By authority of the Administrative Committee, the Presi- 
dent of the Federal Council and the Chairman of the Com- 
mission on Temperance appointed delegates who represented 
the Federal Council at the Convention of the World League 
against Alcohol at Toronto. 

The most significant activity of the Commission during the 
year 1923 was participation in the organization and call of 
the Citizenship Conference held in Washington in October. 
Though the Conference in fact as in name was widely repre- 
sentative of the best citizenship of the nation and was not 
confined to the membership of churches, it was felt that the 
appropriate commissions of the Federal Council offered the 
best available starting point. Accordingly the chairman of 
the Commission on Temperance joined with the chairman of 
the Commission on Councils of Churches in taking the initial 
steps, which assembled first a small group, then a great calling 
committee of about eight hundred, and finally the Conference 
itself, with about a thousand delegates. 

The success of the Conference is a matter of history. The 
publicity given it in the columns of newspapers all over the 
country was greater than in the case of any similar conference 
for many years. It furnished a crystallizing point for bring- 
ing together and making effective the growing indignation of 
the decent citizens of the nation against defiant disobedience 
to law. It challenged the conscience of the Church and re- 
vealed the need of greater loyalty to faithful officials. It out- 
lined in practical form the necessary steps of cooperation 
between federal, state and local officials. It has been followed 
by many other similar conferences throughout the country. 

Another important undertaking in which the Commission is 
interested is the extensive survey of the present status of pro- 
hibition which has been carried on by the Federal Council’s 
Research Department for several months and the results of 
which will soon be available. 

Cart E. MILLIKEN, 
Chatman. 


COMMISSION ON THE CHURCH AND RACE 
RELATIONS 


Under authority granted by the Quadrennial Meeting at 
Boston in 1920, the President of the Federal Council called 
together leading white and colored citizens at Washington, 
D. C., July 12, 1921, and there was formed the Commission on 
the Church and Race Relations, the youngest Commission of 
the Council. It aims to bring to bear the ideals of Christian 
brotherhood upon the relations of different racial groups in 
America, particularly Negro and white. The charter members 
of this Commission set forth as its foremost purpose to assert 
the sufficiency of Christianity as the solution of race relations 
in America. It was this faith that served as the basis for 
beginning this work—the faith that white and Negro people, 
and other racial groups in America, would respond to an appeal 
through the churches for attitudes and action of brotherly 
goodwill in the place of hostility and prejudice. 


The Commission for three years has persistently and effec- 
tively sought the methods of applying this goodwill in the 
everyday relations of life between the races. As the work has 
made progress, our convictions, vision and enthusiasm have 
enlarged and our assurance that our program and methods 
were sound has increased. During the three years the Com- 
mission has met with success beyond sanguine expectations— 
both white and Negro churches, North and South, East and 
West, having responded with an unexpected enthusiasm to a 
genuine effort to apply the method of interracial cooperation 
rather than the method of domination and exploitation. 

The following are some of the outstanding achievements of 
the three years. 


I. Interracial Conferences: 


In 1922 about forty-five interracial conferences, some of 
them of an informal type, were held or attended by the Secre- 
taries of this Commission at the request of communities as 
widely scattered as Atlanta, Ga.; Cleveland, Ohio; St. Louis, 
Mo., and Indianapolis, Ind. The large response and some of 
the constructive measures which local white and colored leaders 
adopted as a result of these conferences in that year led to a 
more systematic setting up and carrying through of such local 
conferences in 1923 and 1924. 


125 


126 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


In February, 1923, a conference on Negro Migration was 
held, made up of white and Negro church leaders from eighteen 
cities in seven states representing several denominations, social 
service agencies, the Young Women’s Christian Association, 
the Young Men’s Christian Association, the Council of 
Women for Home Missions, the Home Missions Council, and 
directors of Negro work in the North for four of the large 
denominations. This conference drew up a summary of find- 
ings and recommendations to churches and local communities 
for dealing with Negro newcomers and urged the leaders in 
local communities to hold conferences and work out plans of 
cooperation to meet the situation. Widespread interest in many 
localities was the result and several communities at once began 
to follow some of the recommendations. There followed dur- 
ing 1923 local interracial conferences in St. Louis, Mo.; Buf- 
falo, N. Y.; Toledo, O., and Chicago, IIl. 

The type and influence of these conferences may be illus- 
trated by the results that have been achieved following them. 
The St. Louis, Mo., conference resulted in an interracial de- 
partment being organized under the Community Council of 
Social Agencies, which has a part-time executive and is carry- 
ing on a community-wide program. At Toledo, Ohio, the local 
Council of Churches made a thorough survey of conditions of 
Negro life and race relations under the leadership of a survey 
expert. After about one hundred of the white and colored 
leaders of the agencies of the city had spent a day in discussing 
the facts and recommendations of this survey, they adopted a 
program and divided the carrying out of its recommendations 
among several organizations, including the city’s Health De- 
partment. The conference in Chicago led to the formation of 
the Race Relations Commission, under the auspices of the 
Chicago Church Federation, but including in its membership 
social, civic and other interests. At Dayton, Ohio, an inter- 
racial council was formed under the Community Council, a 
preliminary survey was made and a program of work adopted 
in which several agencies joined. 

The success of these conferences in 1923 showed that they 
were effective in building constructive interracial programs 
and movements in local communities. In 1924 similar confer- 
ences were held at Cleveland, Ohio; Wichita, Kan.; Milwau- 
kee, Wis., and Minneapolis, Minn. In each of these cities 
some preliminary study was made of Negro life and conditions 
and of race relations. The conferences, usually of two or 
more sessions in one or two days, were given over to full and 


CHURCH AND RACE RELATIONS 127 


free discussion of the facts as ascertained by the survey and to 
the formulation of a program of work based upon a careful 
weighing of the facts in the whole situation. 

So fruitful have these local conferences proved that acting 
under joint committees appointed by the Executive Committee 
of this Commission and of the Commission on Interracial Co- 
operation (with headquarters in Atlanta), the officers now 
have completed preliminary arrangements for a National Inter- 
racial Conference to be held, probably at Cincinnati, Ohio, 
next year. 


II. Establishment of Interracial Committees: 

Mainly as an outcome of the interracial conferences, inter- 
racial movements have been stimulated and have developed in 
nearly all of the communities where the conferences were held 
and in several other cities. Some cities, learning of the suc- 
cess of the work in other places, have developed their com- 
mittees, are beginning to study their conditions and to promote 
some practical activities as the first steps of their interracial 
movement, with the probability of conferences and general 
community survey and programs to be made later. Indianap- 
olis, for example, has formed an interracial committee under 
the Council of Social Agencies after two years of experiment 
with a small committee under the Indianapolis Federation of 
Churches with the cooperation of the local Young Men’s 
Christian Association, Young Women’s Christian Association, 
and other agencies. The present committee is city-wide in 
scope and interest. Gary, Ind., has set up a very active Race 
Relations Commission, following a visit of the Secretary of the 
Federal Council’s Commission in June, 1924. Brooklyn, N. Y., 
has begun a committee. In all, interracial committees or com- 
missions have been started in the following seventeen cities: 


Brooklyn, N. Y. Kansas City, Mo. 
Buffalo, N. Y. Minneapolis, Minn. 
Chicago, Ill. Milwaukee, Wis. 
Cincinnati, Ohio. Philadelphia, Pa. 
Cleveland, Ohio. St. Louis, Mo. 
Dayton, Ohio. Toledo, Ohio. 
Gary, Ind. Wichita, Kansas. 
Hartford, Conn. Youngstown, Ohio. 


Indianapolis, Ind. 


Three additional cities have plans for interracial confer- 
ences and committees probably within the next six months. 
The Governor of Pennsylvania appointed a State Interracial 


128 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Commission which is making a state-wide survey for recom- 
mendations of plans for improving race relations to be pre- 
sented to the Legislature. The Governor of Maryland was 
authorized by the Legislature this year to appoint an Inter- 
racial Commission consisting of a score of leading white and 
colored citizens empowered to make a survey of conditions in 
the state and recommendations to the Governor and Legislature 
in 1927. The Secretary of the Federal Council’s Commission 
has been in conference with some of the members of the Mary- 
land body to advise them on plans and methods. In New Jer- 
sey a volunteer State Interracial Commission, on the initiative 
of several leading citizens of that state, has been formed and 
has begun an experiment of promoting local action in two or 
three of the most populous cities of that state. The Federal 
Council’s Commission has helped them with their organization 
and in the promotion of their plans. 


Perhaps the question will be asked why these conferences 
have not been pushed into the Southern field. The answer is 
that one of the purposes in forming the Federal Council’s 
Commission was to help in every way the work already so well 
done by the Commission on Interracial Cooperation, which has 
functioned so effectively in the South. The closest affiliation 
has been maintained with this Commission, its Director being 
one of the Secretaries of the Federal Council’s Commission, 
and both organizations have been strengthened by the coopera- 
tion and division of labor. 


ITI. Successful Campaign Against Lynching. 


Following out the purpose adopted by the Commission “to 
array the sentiment of the Christian churches against mob 
violence,” a few weeks after beginning active work in 1922 a 
campaign was launched to marshall the churches against the 
atrocious lynching evil. A pamphlet, “Mob Murder in Amer- 
ica” was prepared. Nearly 25,000 have been placed in the 
hands of church leaders, North and South, and hundreds of 
newspapers all over the Nation published news stories based 
upon it. With the cooperation of the Commission on Inter- 
racial Cooperation the women and church leaders of the South- 
ern states were interested. Through the Federal Council’s 
“Information Service” and in other ways the facts about the 
Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill were disseminated when it was be- 
fore Congress. 

The Commission has issued for the past two years an an- 
nual Non-Lynching Honor Roll which classifies each state 
according to the number of years it has been free from the 


CHURCH AND RACE RELATIONS 129 


evil. In both years this Honor Roll has been published in the 
newspapers throughout the nation. This year it received wide- 
spread editorial comment from the press and the Literary Di- 
gest of April 5 gave a page and a half to the Honor Roll state- 
ment, added a map of its own making based upon our state- 
ment of the facts, and quoted a number of editorials. Un- 
doubtedly one of the important factors in the reduction of 
lynching has been this marshalling of the influence of the 
churches during the past three years against the evil. In 1922 
there were 57 victims of lynching in the United States; in 1923 
there was a drop of about 50 per cent to 28 victims, the smallest 
number for any year since records have been kept. During the 
first six months of 1924 there were only 5 victims as against 
13 for the same period last year; and up to November 1, 1924, 
there had been only 13 recorded lynchings—a drop of 50 
per cent from last year. The campaign among the churches 
will now be pressed even more vigorously with the full ex- 
pectation of having a lynch-free year in our land by 1926. 


IV. Race Relations Sunday. 


Racial harmony, we are beginning to see, is dependent upon 
racial attitudes and feelings. We cannot have racial peace 
until we begin to feel and think in terms of racial peace. Our 
Commission has striven strenuously to find practical methods 
of arousing friendly feelings and attitudes and removing the 
attitudes of fear and prejudice. It was decided that an excel- 
lent method would be to get representative members of the 
different races together in church, religious exercises and pub- 
lic gatherings on some Sunday each year. The Commission 
inaugurated Race Relations Sunday, the second Sunday in 
February, when many of the Home Mission Boards usually 
make special features of their activities among colored people. 
Last year through the cooperation of Home Mission Boards, 
Y. M. C. A.’s, Y. W. C. A.’s, local missionary societies, local 
churches and many social agencies as well as religious and 
social leaders, the day was observed in localities as widely 
scattered as Philadelphia, Chicago, Los Angeles, Kansas City, 
Little Rock, and New Orleans. Many newspapers published 
editorials and extracts from our leaflet of suggestions for the 
day. White and colored choirs exchanged; white and colored 
pastors exchanged pulpits; and in cities like Dayton, Ohio, 
and Kansas City, Mo., special joint interracial mass meetings 
were held. In Chicago, through the guidance of the Chicago 
Church Federation, six white and six Negro pastors exchanged 
pulpits and related the experience afterwards as follows: 


A white Baptist minister said: “It gave me personally a better un- 
derstanding of the problem than I had previously had. It also could 


130 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


not help but soften the prejudice of the people present. Will be glad 
to repeat the experiment again.” The colored Baptist minister who 
exchanged with him said: “Had the finest kind of a time over there. 
Never spoke to a more cordial audience. At least fifty persons came 
forward after the service and shook hands with me.” A white Meth- 
odist Episcopal minister said, in speaking of the impression on his 
own people of the Negro minister who filled his pulpit: “Everything 
went fine; our people were very much pleased; good turn-out; splen- 
did address; they applauded Mr. ————— at the close and were 
delighted with his message.” A colored Congregational minister 
said: “As many as fifty people from Dr. A.’s church expressed ap- 
preciation and hoped that the pastors might exchange pulpits again. 
My people were more than pleased with Dr. A. here.” The white 
minister with whom he exchanged said: “Reception was better than 
we had expected; the attendance was unusually good.” The following 
comment of a white Baptist minister is especially striking: ‘Turned 
out fine; there were a few people in my church who feared this might 
be a step toward social equality; received one letter of protest. It 
was the right thing to do, however, and I was glad to do it in spite of 
some objections. Our church sold to the colored people property 
worth half a million dollars for a very small amount; a number of 
members of the congregation sold properties worth $20,000 for $6,000, 
due to influx of colored people. These conditions made the situation 
seem different in our church. The colored speaker, however, was 
very well received and very cordial expressions were heard concern- 
ing his sermon.” 


This day will be next observed on Sunday, February 8, 
1925 ; ten thousand copies of our leaflet giving suggestions and 
material for the observance are being used in churches all over 
the land. This observance is now becoming in reality a nation- 
wide celebration. In this way members of the races are being | 
brought into contact under conditions and circumstances where 
friendly feelings are aroused, where pleasant experiences are 
had, and where expressions of friendly cooperation and recog- 
nition of mutual interests are made. The interest manifested in 
Race Relations Sunday is one of the clearest illustrations that 
the churches can promote race relations by practical methods 
and establish interracial peace in our land if they exercise in- 
telligence and faith in holding up the ideals of brotherhood for 
which they stand. 


V. A Program of Publication and Educational Publicity. 


During the Commission’s three years of existence it has had 
a large share in one of the most thorough educational and pub- 
licity programs ever undertaken on race relations, especially 
from the point of view of interracial cooperation. Besides as- 
sisting in the educational publicity work of the Interracial 
Commission for two years, the Federal Council’s Commission 


CHURCH AND RACE RELATIONS 131 


has prepared regularly a special Race Relations Number of 
the Information Service in cooperation with the Research De- 
partment of the Federal Council. About six of these numbers 
have been issued each year. The sifted facts about what is 
being said and done over the world in racial relations is pre- 
sented. To test the value of this Service last fall the Editor 
sent out a circular letter to a number of subscribers asking 
them whether they thought these special Race Relations num- 
bers of value and whether they should be continued. The 
responses were almost unanimous that these numbers should 
be continued and that they had met hearty approval. 

The Missionary Education Movement brought out “The 
Trend of the Races,” in 1922, written by the Secretary of the 
Federal Council’s Commission. The Commission had a hand 
in helping to get that book before large numbers of church 
leaders in different parts of the country, in assisting study 
groups in many churches to secure and use collateral informa- 
tion, and in securing speakers for their study courses. Over 
68,000 of this book were sold, mainly through the channels of 
denominational boards. | 

The following informational pamphlets and leaflets on race 
relations have been published and distributed by the Commis- 
sion : 


PRION EM OLOeL fol VAAINET ICA joins Doses vee caer yn eee: 25,000 
“Churches at Work for Interracial Cooperation”.... 5,000 
“Action of the Churches on Race Relations’”........ 5,000 
Race Relations Sunday Pamphlet: 1923.............. 5,000 
POZA he nee 10,000 

In preparation to be published in 1924: 
Housing. “Pamphlet (liver see oe OR ds 5,000 
Pamphlet on Economic Life of Negroes.......... 10,000 


Reprints of addresses and magazine articles covering various 
phases of the race question have also been used. Material has 
been supplied to newspapers, magazines and other important 
publications. Responses too numerous to keep account of have 
been given to requests of teachers, students, mission study 
classes and other organizations for reliable information on 
Negro life and race relations. 


VI. Summary and Conclusion. 


Perhaps the greatest achievement of these three years of the 
Commission on the Church and Race Relations is not in the in- 
terracial conferences held, the committees and other agencies 
organized, the campaign against lynching, the Race Relations 


132 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Sunday observances, or the printed pages issued. The most 
outstanding achievement, it seems clear, is the fact that the 


organized Protestant Churches of America have assumed seri- | 
ously and aggressively the task of marshalling the forces of | 


the Christian conscience to attack the hoary evils of this situa- 
tion and to press Christian ideals of brotherhood upon public 
opinion and in interracial contacts in America. When the 
newspapers have carried our articles and news items they have 
given main emphasis to the fact that the Churches were rally- 
ing against lynching; the Churches were promoting a Race 
Relations Sunday; the Churches were seeking interracial co- 
operation in industry and in other phases of our daily life. 
The mind of the people has sensed the moral and ethical values 
of the great question of race relations, and as the Churches 
have begun in this organized way to promote activities to solve 
the ethical problems involved on the basis of justice and 
brotherhood, there has been a tremendous response of approval 
from the public, and a new consciousness of the power and 
reality of practical religion in the Churches themselves. 


Up to about five years ago the general sentiment seemed to 
be that riot and friction and racial conflict were the only meth- 
ods of adjusting race relations in America. Many people who 
wished for and believed in the method of understanding and 
‘cooperation were pessimistic. Some of them were really near 
despair. Undoubtedly it is true that during the past five years 
a change has come in the public opinion which has turned the 
corner with its face toward the rising sun of interracial co- 
operation. While the Federal Council’s Commission and the 
Commission on Interracial Cooperation have been only a part 
of the forces at work, the organization of these forces is gen- 
erally recognized to have been a most important factor. 


Again, this interracial movement has resulted in the removal 
of suspicion and distrust and breaking down of fears and pre- 
judices between the races in increasing degree. Individuals 
and groups of Negro people, North and South, as never before 
are beginning to express their confidence in white people and 
their hope of justice at their hands. Individuals and groups 
of white people who, heretofore knew little about colored 
people or had very erroneous notions about them are repeat- 
edly voicing their surprise and satisfaction in being awakened 
to the fact that their Negro neighbors were persons of wonder- 
ful potentialities with gifts to contribute to American life, 


— 


CHURCH AND RACE RELATIONS 133 


One note of sorrow must be sounded, the loss of Mr. John J. 
Eagan of Atlanta, who from the day of the creation of the 
Commission to his lamented death this year, served as its 
chairman, and gave to it a far-seeing and devoted leadership 
that was the most conspicuous factor in its success. 


GrorGE E. Haynes, 
Executive Secretary. 


COMMISSION ON INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE 
AND GOODWILL 


From the very beginning of the Federal Council of the 
Churches, the problem of abolishing war and of establishing 
the international institutions for permanent peace based on 
justice and the cooperation of all for the security and the right 
of all, has been one of its major interests. A Commission on 
Peace and Arbitration, which later became the Commission on 
International Justice and Goodwill, was established at the out- 
set, with Dr. Frederick Lynch as its first Secretary. A Com- 
mission on Relations with Japan came into existence in 1914, 
and two years later was expanded into the Commission on Re- 
lations with the Orient. At the Quadrennial Meeting in 1920, 
this latter body became a sub-committee of the general Com- 
mission, and the whole program has since that time, by the 
force of events, become one of the major concerns of the 
Council. 

A full record of the Federal Council’s activities bearing on 
international relations would require a volume. Even those of 
the past four years cannot be adequately described in this 
necessarily brief report. We confine ourselves to what is 
hardly more than a reference to the outstanding events. 


The Situation in 1921 


At the beginning of this quadrennium tension between 
America and Japan was serious. Many were the prophecies 
that war was certain and would soon begin. Thanks, however, 
to the agreements and understandings reached by the Wash- 
ington Conference on Limitation of Armament convened in 
the fall of 1921, not only were those war clouds rolled away, 
but the Four Power Pact, pledging ten years of peace in the 
Pacific, has prevented the recurrence of those fears and sinister 
prophecies, notwithstanding the strain in international feelings 
due to the recent Japanese exclusion Act of Congress. 


The Washington Conference on Limitation of Armament 


The part taken by the Churches before and during that Con- 
ference on Limitation of Armament and in support of the 
prompt ratification of the nine treaties there drafted was 
widely recognized at the time. The pamphlets on “The 
Church and a Warless World,” aggregating nearly 300,000 
copies; the three separate “Calls to 150,000 Churches” issued 
during the year, amounting in all to about 170,000 copies; the 


134 


INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE AND GOODWILL 135 


letters, telegrams and petitions received by President Harding 
and Secretary Hughes, urging a policy of real naval reduction, 
signed by 13,878,671 names, according to the official report of 
the Committee appointed by Secretary Hughes; the pamphlets 
entitled “Problems of the Pacific and Far East” and “The 
Achievements of the Conference as Steps toward a Warless 
World,” together with numberless lesser documents and an 
enormous correspondence, constitute a record of practical and 
effective activity on the part of the Churches which would have 
been impossible without a cooperative body like the Federal 
Council. 

An indication of the impression made by the activities of the 
Churches may be gained from the following statement by Lord 
Riddell, a member of the British delegation: 

“Since coming to America I have been particularly impressed 
and deeply interested in the work of the churches in behalf of 
peace. Their campaign of educational publicity through the 
Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America has been 
one of the most effective pieces of work in behalf of peace 
that I have seen. Through the newspapers it has had wide 
influence and has meant much to the Conference on Limitation 
of Armament. In their nationwide publicity and educational 
work they have placed the responsibility for the success of the 
Conference on Limitation of Armament on the individual. It 
has made each man and woman feel that he or she must act, 
must work for peace. ... This is the kind of publicity that 
counts and will get results. The Churches of America have 
shown the way.” 


The International Ideals of the Churches 


The adoption by the Executive Committee of the Federal 
Council at its annual meeting in Chicago in 1921 of the “In- 
ternational Ideals of the Churches of Christ in America” has 
been followed in subsequent years by their adoption by most 
of the denominational national assemblies. 


I. We Believe that nations no less than individuals are subject 
to God’s immutable moral laws. 
II. We Believe that nations achieve true welfare, greatness and 
honor only through just dealing and unselfish service. 
III. We Believe that nations that regard themselves as Christian 
have special international obligations. 
IV. We Believe that the spirit of Christian brotherliness can 
remove every unjust barrier of trade, color, creed and race. 
V. We Believe that Christian patriotism demands the practice 
of goodwill between nations. 
VI. We Believe that international policies should secure equal 
justice for all races. 


136 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


VII. We Believe that all nations should associate themselves per- 
manently for world peace and goodwill. 


VIII. We Believe in international law, and in the universal use 
of international courts of justice and boards of arbitration. 
IX. We Believe in a sweeping reduction of armaments by all 
nations. 


X. We Believe in a warless world, and dedicate ourselves to its 
achievement. 


In addition to this brief statement of Ideals, the Executive 
Committee at its successive sessions has adopted significant 
statements, drafted after long study and conference, bearing 
on international relations, issued in large folders with the 
titles: “A Declaration of Ideals and Policy Looking Toward a 
Warless World” (1921); “America’s International Obliga- 
tions” (1922); and “International Goodwill” (1923). These 
documents have been given extensive circulation in other lands 
as well as in the United States, and have been quoted widely 
in the public press. 


Problems in the Near East 


The debacle and tragedy in Smyrna in the fall of 1922. 
stirred American Christians deeply and led to vigorous de- 
mands for action of some kind. Repeated communication was 
had with the Department of State and with the President, and 
the Council became an avenue for the united voicing of 
Christian sentiment in behalf of the minority peoples. The 
appeals for relief funds for distribution through the Near 
East Relief helped that agency to carry on its noble work. The 
one bright spot in all that prolonged tragedy—not yet ended— 
has been the continuing generosity of the churches in supply- 
ing the needed millions of dollars to feed and clothe tens of 
thousands of destitute, homeless orphans. 


The Commission to the Far East 


During the winter of 1922-23 a special Commission was sent 
to the Far East to carry a Message of Christian Greetings and 
Goodwill to the Churches and Christians of China, Korea and 
Japan. On account of the Smyrna disaster, the Chairman of 
the Commission was prevented from fulfilling his part of the 
program. The secretary, however, was able to establish first- 
hand contacts of an important character with the Christian 
forces of the Orient. 


The World Court of Justice 


During the autumn and winter of 1923-24 the major part of 
the Commission’s activities was devoted to the campaign in 


INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE AND GOODWILL 137 


support of American adhesion to the Permanent Court of In- 
ternational Justice. A document entitled “The Churches of 
America and the World Court of Justice’ was prepared and 
mailed to 70,000 pastors, the total circulation of the pamphlet 
exceeding 100,000. In connection with the World Court Cam- 
paign, representatives of the Federal Council held conferences 
with Secretary Hughes, President Harding and President 
Coolidge on four different occasions. The cooperation of the 
religious organizations in behalf of a judicial settlement of 
international disputes has been notable and has made a deep 
impression. 

Armistice Day in 1923 fell on Sunday, November eleventh ; 
it was accordingly designated “World Court Sunday.” Pastors 
were asked to deal with the problem of War and Peace on that 
day, and to make it the occasion for promoting in their various 
church groups the study of world peace as related to the World 
Court of Justice. These suggestions were widely followed. 
Study groups all over the country devoted time to the World 
Court question, and on Armistice Sunday tens of thousands of 
sermons dealt with the question. 


The World Court Hearings 


After months of delay, the Senate Foreign Relations Com- 
mittee finally and apparently reluctantly consented to hold 
Hearings on the question of American adherence to the Perma- 
nent Court. Two days (April 30 and May 1, 1924) were al- 
lowed for the Hearings, which were participated in by many 
organizations, secular as well as religious. 

The Commission had prepared a “Memorial to the United 
States Senate,” containing not only the resolutions passed by 
many denominations, city Church Federations and other reli- 
gious bodies, with the resolution adopted by the Executive 
Committee of the Federal Council, but also a petition signed 
by more than one thousand of the officials in the denomina- 
tional organizations. This “Memorial” was presented at the 
“Hearings” and was also handed personally to every Senator 
or his secretary in his office. Denominational representatives 
participated in the Hearings in large numbers, Bishop Brent, 
Vice Chairman of the Commission, serving as the general 
Chairman of all the delegations, both secular and religious. 
Those “Hearings” were reported by all who attended to have 
been exceptionally impressive, because of the large number of 


138 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


delegations participating but also and especially because of the 
moral enthusiasm and conviction manifested by all. 


The Japanese Exclusion Law 


Early in the year 1924 American Japanese relations came 
suddenly to the front because of a section of the immigration 
bill proposing to deny admission to the United States of “aliens 
ineligible for citizenship.” This section proposed to annul the 
“Gentlemen’s Agreement” with Japan for the regulation of 
Japanese immigration and to substitute a flat exclusion of all 
Japanese with only a few exceptions for temporary visits. The 
proposal would not only abruptly abrogate the Agreement but 
also violate the treaty of 1911. 

The Administrative Committee took prompt action in the 
shape of a strong resolution, which was conveyed personally 
to Secretary Hughes and to the Chairmen of the Immigration 
Committees of both the Senate and House and sent also to 
every member of Congress. Representatives of the Churches 
took part in the Hearings on the Bill given by the Senate Com- 
mittee on Immigration. As the discussion continued it became 
clear that sinister political interests were at work. Even the 
efforts of Secretary Hughes and President Coolidge to have 
the matter settled in a way that would be in harmony with the 
principles of international courtesy were flouted by Congress. 
During those weeks the Christian forces all over America took 
prompt action, letters and telegrams and resolutions from 
Church bodies and religious groups going in in large numbers 
to the President, to Secretary Hughes, and to the Chairmen 
of the Immigration Committees of the Senate and House. 

Christians on the Pacific Coast were not behind those of the 
rest of the country in supporting the proposals and policy of 
President Coolidge and Secretary Hughes. A representative 
of Californian Christians was sent to Washington for the ex- 
press purpose of opposing the enactment of the law. But three 
politicians representing the anti-Japanese agitators of the 
Pacific Coast were also sent to Washington. They stayed 
there nearly two months, and triumphed over the forces making 
for fair and honorable treatment of Japan. The immigration 
bill was passed in spite of President Coolidge’s protests and 
became law. Before passage it was adjusted to conform to 
the treaty of 1911, but it annulled the Gentlemen’s Agreement 
in a manner universally regarded as discourteous and humilia- 
ting to Japan. 

Secretary Hughes, in his letter of February 8, 1924, to Con- 


INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE AND GOODWILL 139 


gressman Albert Johnson opposing the Japanese exclusion sec- 
tion of the law, said :— 

“There can be no question that such a statutory exclusion will be 
deeply resented by the Japanese people. It would be idle to insist 
that the provision is not aimed at the Japanese, for the proposed 
measure . . . . continues in force the existing legislation regulat- 
ing Chinese immigration and the barred zone provisions of our im- 
migration laws which prohibit immigration from certain other por- 
tions of Asia. The practical effect of Section 12 (b) is to single out 
Japanese immigrants for exclusion. The Japanese are a sensitive 
people, and unquestionably would regard such a legislative enactment 
as fixing a stigma upon them. I regret to be compelled to say that I 
believe such legislative action would largely undo the work of the 
Washington Conference on Limitation of Armament, which so greatly 
improved our relations with Japan. 


“The manifestation of American interest and generosity in pro- 
viding relief to the sufferers in the recent earthquake disaster in 
Japan would not avail to diminish the resentment which would follow 
the enactment of such a measure, as this enactment would be regarded 
as an insult not to be palliated by any act of charity. It is useless to 
argue whether or not such a feeling would be justified. It is quite 
sufficient to say that it would exist. It has already been manifested 
in the discussion in Japan with respect to the pendency of this 
measure, and no amount of argument can avail to remove it. 


“The question is thus presented whether it is worth while thus to 
affront a friendly nation with whom we have established most cor- 
dial relations and what gain there would be from such action. Per- 
mit me to suggest that the legislation would seem to be quite unneces- 
sary even for the purpose for which it is devised.” 

The ultimate results of that needless and wanton act will 
slowly appear as the decades pass. A deep wound was in- 
flicted on Japan’s feelings of goodwill and admiration for 
America. Her resentment and mortification were revealed by 
the scores of meetings of protest held in all the principal cities 
of Japan on July 1, 1924, the day when the law went into ef- 
fect. Both Houses of the Diet in special session passed solemn 
resolutions of protest: they declared that their protest would 
not be dropped until the wrong had been righted and a basis 
for right and honorable relations for permanent friendship 
had been laid. The thought and feeling aroused by our act 
among Japan’s leading citizens have been described in striking 
form by Dr. William Axling, a missionary of the American 
Baptist Foreign Missionary Society, in a pamphlet entitled 
‘Japan Wonders Why” published in June by our Commission. 


Denominational Commissions on Peace 


The appeal of the Executive Committee at its annual meet- 
ing in December, 1923, to all the constituent bodies of the 
Federal Council to declare their convictions regarding the 
Christian program to abolish war, requesting each denomina- 


140 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


tion to establish a Commission or Committee or Department to 
deal with the international problem, received wide response. 
Practically all of the denominational assemblies which met dur- 
ing the year 1924 passed the resolutions suggested, and many 
of them that had not already done so established Commissions 
or allocated the task of promoting educational programs on 
peace to some already existing Committee or Department. 
Twelve of the constituent bodies have taken such action. 

In September, 1924, representatives of these agencies met at 
the office of the Federal Council for their first official gather- 
ing, when important steps were taken looking toward effective 
cooperation with each other in the future. 

The denominational resolutions referred to above were com- 
piled and published (in part) in September in a sixteen page 
document entitled ““The Churches of America Mobilizing for 
World Justice and World Peace,” with a sub-title “Movements 
for the Outlawry of War.” It also contained an analysis of 
the Borah-Levinson Plan and the Draft Treaty Plan for the 
Outlawry of War, Security and Disarmament. This pamphlet 
was issued in connection with the “Sixth Call to 150,000 
Churches” to observe Armistice Sunday (November 9, 1924), 


as a day of special emphasis on the Christian program for a 
war-free world. 


The Committee on Mercy and Relief 


During the Quadrennium the Commission’s sub-Committee 
on Mercy and Relief, under the chairmanship of Dr. Fred- 
erick H. Knubel, has been repeatedly called on for service. 
Mention should be made of the cooperative work in the cam- 
paigns for China famine relief and Japan earthquake relief. 
The pitiful appeals from Russian famine sufferers in 1921 led 
to the formation of a special large Committee to collect funds 
for the relief of the starving children of Russia. In this con- 
nection a strong Commissioner was sent to Russia to represent 
the Federal Council in the distribution of the fund and to con- 
vey to the Christians of Russia a message of sympathy and 
goodwill from the Christians of America. Dr. John S. Zelie, 
the Commissioner, rendered significant service in performing 
this delicate and important task. 

Distressing conditions developed in Germany in the fall and 
winter of 1923-24. To express in practical ways to German 
Christians the goodwill of American Christians a Committee 
for relieving the starving children of Germany was formed and 
Dr. E. L. Mills was called from Europe to take charge of this 
undertaking. The Federal Council’s Committee cooperated 


INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE AND GOODWILL 141 


intimately with the Friends’ Committee and with the nation- 
wide organization headed and directed by General Allen. 

The needs of the refugees in Greece also received special 
attention during 1923-1924 and an appropriation for their 
medical relief was secured through the American Red Cross. 


Committee on Mexico 


A sub-Committee on Mexico was formed in 1922 to study 
proposals and methods for cultivating better mutual under- 
standing and goodwill between America and Mexico. A special 
visit to Mexico of the chairman of the Committee, Dr. Henry 
Goddard Leach, and the General Secretary of the Federal 
Council, Dr. Charles S. Macfarland, initiated the work of this 
Committee. During the fall and winter of 1923-24, Dr. O. W. 
E. Cook, a missionary to Mexico of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church, was secured for special service; and in October, 1924, 
in cooperation with a group of business leaders the Mexico 
Society was established in New York under the Presidency of 
the Honorable George Foster Peabody. The membership of 
this Society consists of leaders in business and education as 
well as in the Churches. The purpose is to foster mutual good- 
will and understanding and to this end to make use of practical 
methods now in process of being worked out. 


Friendly Relations Between Christians and Jews 


A sub-Committee to combat the rising tide of anti-Semitism 
in the United States, by promoting in concrete ways better 
understanding and appreciation between Christians and Jews, 
has been formed and is getting into operation just as this 
report goes to press. Preliminary studies of this question and 
preparations for this Committee have been in process for nearly 
two years, under the wise and effective chairmanship of Dr. 
Alfred Wms. Anthony. The Committee presents the follow- 
ing statement of its plans: 

“Perhaps no page of history, called Christian, bears more 
blots and stains upon it than that which records the relations 
of Christians and Jews during almost two thousand years. 
Some countries of Europe have suffered even more than has 
America with passions, strifes, persecutions and pogroms, and 
yet America has not been wholly free from prejudice and in- 
justice, and recent tendencies have seemed to bring the peril 
nearer. 

“It is appropriate that the interdenominational organizations 
of our country should be in a position to understand the causes 
of racial and religious bitterness here at home, and to oppose 
the waves of passion which, stirred by various unsocial 


142 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


agencies, threaten the peace and the security of our people and 
our national institutions. 

“In several parts of the country distinct movements against 
anti-Semitism and other forms of bigotry and hatred have 
arisen. One, which began in the office of the Home Missions 
Council and was reported to the Administrative Committee of 
the Federal Council February 10, 1923, occasioned the forma- 
tion of a Committee (as a sub-committee of the Commission 
on International Justice and Goodwill) on Goodwill Between 
Jews and Christians. Since its beginning this Committee has 
been busy with shaping of a program, enlisting the support of 
individuals and organizations and preparing for active service 
in its field. Already the financial support of the Committee is 
practically assured by the pledges of a few generous givers 
guaranteeing $15,000 a year for the period of three years. 
Rev. John W. Herring, former Pastor of the First Congre- 
gational Church, Terre Haute, Ind., was elected Secretary of 
the Committee and began work November 10, 1924. 

“In general the objectives of the Committee will be the fol- 
lowing: 


(1) To ascertain the causes of racial illwill and to dis- 
cover how these causes may be removed or modified ; 


(Z) To establish contacts between Jews and Christians in 
cities where conditions make it advisable, so as to have several 
centers throughout the country of people seeking to promote 
understanding and cooperation ; 


(3) To discover the things within a community, social and 
political, which both Jews and Christians may do in coopera- 
tion and so aid each other in human welfare and community 
benefits ; 


(4) To watch the press and other public utterances and en- 
deavor to correct false and irritating statements and promote 
the spread of sound and proper information; 


(5) To create a literature which will help shape a better 
public opinion ; 


“It is well understood that the whole program must be one of 

education for the sake of understanding and cooperation and 
cannot secure immediately all of the good results hoped for. 
The campaign, therefore, will be a patient and earnest one, 
thoroughgoing as far as it goes; 
_ “Tt is clearly recognized that whatever may be accomplished 
in this country, in the promotion of goodwill will have an in- 
fluence in other countries. We are not blind to the interna- 
tional consequences of wise procedure in America.” 


INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE AND GOODWILL 143 


Institutes at Chautauqua on International Relations from 
the Christian Viewpoint 


In August, 1923 and 1924, in cooperation with the Chautau- 
qua Institution, this Commission has held Institutes on Inter- 
national Relations from the Christian Viewpoint. A dozen 
lectures each summer by eminent specialists on the throbbing 
questions of the day have dealt with them constructively as 
well as analytically. Audiences ranged from 1000 to 2500. 
Forum discussions following most of the lectures were sig- 
nificant and valuable. The press throughout the United States 
featured with remarkable fulness the reports of the addresses. 


Other Important Activities 


Necessary brevity compels mere reference to the remarkable 
meetings held in several of our eastern States and in Europe 
of the Tercentenary of the Huguenot-Wallon emigration to 
America beginning in 1624. <A full account of the work of 
the sub-Committee on Relations with the Orient would require 
many pages of this report. A committee on Slavery and Labor 
conditions in Africa has been formed to cooperate with the 
Foreign Missions Conference and the International Missionary 
Council in dealing with the distressing, inhuman, and (to 
Christians) humiliating slavery conditions still continuing in 
Africa. 


The Narcotic Drug Problem 


Throughout the Quadrennium the Executive and Admin- 
istrative Committees and the Commission have taken repeated 
action on the problem of abolishing the illicit traffic in and 
illegitimate use of habit-forming drugs. In cooperation with 
the White Cross Society of Seattle, the Secretary of the Com- 
mission has assisted in the formation of a strong Narcotics 
Association in New York City, as a center for important 
nation-wide and world-wide activities. 

The Vice Chairman of this Commission, Bishop Brent, 
sailed on November 1, 1924, as one of the official representa- 
tives of our Government to the Conferences on the Opium 
question convened at Geneva under the League of Nations. 
He was requested by the Administrative Committee to repre- 
sent also the Christian forces of America in support of the 
American program to limit the production of plants producing 
narcotic drugs to the amount needed for medicinal and scien- 
tific purposes. Bishop Brent carried with him some two hun- 
dred resolutions received by the Commission from religious 
bodies from all our States and principal cities from Maine to 
California, 


144 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Publications 


In addition to the publications and documents already re- 
ferred to, mention should at least be made of the following 
volumes and pamphlets published during the quadrennium: 

“The Christian Crusade for a Warless World.” 
“The Winning of the Far East.” 
“Tnternational Christian Movements.” 


“What Pastors and Churches can do in the Crusade for a Warless 
World.” 


Cooperation with World Alliance 


There is special reason for satisfaction in the increasing 
cooperation with the Church Peace Union and the World Al- 
liance for International Friendship through the churches. A 
joint committee on conference and consultation (called the 
“Nexus Committee”) holds regular meetings for the prevention 
of duplication of effort and for the promotion of cooperation. 
Financial assistance from the Church Peace Union to the 
extent of $8,000 for the Commission on International Good- 
will, and $4,000 for the Commission on Councils of Churches 
is gratefully recognized. 


A General Survey 


In concluding this brief survey of the Commission’s work 
for the quadrennium, one is impelled to observe the extraordi- 
nary and critical significance of the years through which the 
entire world is passing. Europe, through the adoption of the 
so-called Dawes Plan for dealing with reparations and in- 
demnities and through the drafting by the League of Nations 
of a vigorous Protocol for outlawing war, settling every threat- 
ening dispute, whatever its character, by judicial, arbitral or 
conciliation proceedings, guaranteeing security to a nation 
which adheres to the plans for a warless world, and securing 
general and drastic reduction of armaments, appears to have 
started at last on the upward road toward sanity and recovery. 
Conditions, however, are still critical and will remain so until 
the principles and spirit of the Protocol have been generally 
ratified by the nations and the Protocol comes into actual 
operation. Only when the existing colossal preparations for 
war are actually drastically reduced and the plans for the 
peaceful settlement of every threatening international dispute 
are actually in effective operation will the world be justified in 
taking an optimistic attitude. 

The significant achievements in Europe have been made 
without the official participation of the United States. In the 
relations of the United States with Latin America and with 


INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE AND GOODWILL 145 


the Far East, recent developments are not altogether reassur- 
ing. There are also renewed mutterings of conflict between 
the East and the West, between the White and the Yellow 
races. While the churches of America are demanding, as 
never before, the absolute abolition of war as a method for 
settling international disputes, certain elements in the United 
States are declaring with blatent effrontery ultra-Prussian doc- 
trines of the right of military might and the absolute certainty 
that America’s only security lies in huge military preparedness 
involving unlimited expenditures of money and of all the man- 
power and all the industrial power of the nation. 

At the same time the continued application of modern 
science,—with its technical skill and amazing mastery of 
Nature’s titanic forces,—to military, naval and aerial prepara- 
tions for war brings home with renewed force the conviction 
that another great world conflict would be tragically disastrous 
beyond conception. 

The times are in rapid flux. Forces for evil and for good 
are apparently coming to grips as never before in world history. 
It is a race between sanity on the part of the so-called Christian 
nations of the world, and suicide. So vast and confused is the 
situation that one looks in vain for any sure sign of the out- 
come. There are many grounds for anxiety. But there are 
also strong grounds for hope. The essential hope lies in the 
awakening consciousness and conscience of the Churches. If 
they will soon make the achievement of our Christian ideals 
for just and righteous and brotherly relations between nations 
and races their great objective, little doubt will remain of the 
result. Thirty million Protestant Christians in the United 
States heartily cooperating with the millions of Christians in 
the other nations of Christendom can, if they will, abolish war 
as a method for settling international disputes. 

Will they? This is the crucial question. 


Looking Toward the Future 


The abolition of war, with the establishment of adequate and 
effective institutions of permanent peace through general jus- 
tice and the cooperation of all for the common good of all is a 
stupendous task. It cannot be accomplished at all unless 
America and all the nations cooperate heartily and continu- 
ously. These conditions define the scope of the work of this 
Commission. To this end the Churches of America need to 
develop their respective Commissions on International Justice 
and Goodwill and to enter into large-visioned plans, adequately 
financed, for effective campaigns of education throughout their 
respective constituencies. 


146 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


To do its part in this cooperative interdenominational cam- 
paign this Commission needs to enlarge its work and also its 
staff. At the very least three additional Secretaries should be 
secured: one an expert fitted to travel widely and speak effec- 
tively in ministers’ meetings, theological schools, denomina- 
tional assemblies and interdenominational gatherings; one to 
give focus, sanity and common drive to the young men and 
women of our churches in their zeal for the absolute abolition 
of war; and one, the ablest woman that can be found, to serve 
as a coordinating and inspiring center for the Christian woman- 
hood in our churches in their burning desire to rid the world 
of its greatest menace to the family, to womanhood and to 
moral and religious life. 

The concrete tasks before us are many, urgent and difficult. 
American membership in the Permanent Court of International 
Justice; Congressional action demanding the complete out- 
lawry of war; effective cooperation by the United States 
Government in universal and drastic reduction of all arma- 
ments and preparation for war; mutual agreement by the 
United States with all the nations to abjure resort to force 
and to utilize instead only the methods of peace in the settle- 
ment of every threatening international dispute; and not least 
the discovery and prompt adoption of the necessary steps for 
the reestablishment of right relations with Japan and all 
Asiatics. 

These are stupendous undertakings and immediately press- 
ing beyond any ordinary understanding. This Commission 
invites every constituent denomination to appoint its strongest 
leaders to cooperate in this great and challenging program. It 
invites pastors and individual Christians by the million to 
realize their personal responsibilities and to cooperate with this 
Commission in carrying out the program and in the achieve- 
ment of our final goal—a War-free World. 

In closing we recommend that this Quadrennial Meeting of 
the Federal Council adopt the International Ideals of the 
Churches, thus confirming the action taken in 1921 by the 
Executive Committee. 

JouN H. FINtey, 
Chairman 


SIDNEY L. GULICK, 
Executive Secretary 


COMMISSION ON RELATIONS WITH RELIGIOUS 
BODIES IN EUROPE 


Since the Quadrennial meeting of 1920, when this Commis- 
sion made its first report, it has served with signal success the 
good cause of establishing and strengthening the contacts be- 
tween the Churches of America and those of Europe. It 
would be pleasant to be able to add that the gloomy picture of 
distress and suffering among our brethren abroad, which was 
painted in the Report of 1920 is no longer a true one, but 
unfortunately, such optimism would be unwarranted. The 
condition of the Churches abroad, in spite of much help gen- 
erously given, is nearly as precarious as ever. The catastrophe 
was too great to be ameliorated as quickly as some, perhaps, 
had hoped. The spectres of starvation and pestilence have 
been driven back, but the gradually brightening economic out- 
look which has filled the governments and populations of 
Europe with new hope for the future, has failed as yet to 
materialize into adequate support for the abruptly disorgan- 
ized religious institutions of the various countries most stricken 
by the War. 

Hence the acute problem of relief has necessarily absorbed 
a large part of the activities of the Commission. The special 
Committee for cooperation with the European Relief Council 
cooperated in raising over $28,759,000 for general physical 
relief in Europe. It became apparent, however, that some- 
thing would have to be done more specifically for the Churches 
if they were to be enabled to maintain themselves as living 
factors in the life around them and in particular if their in- 
stitutions of benevolence were to be rescued from the iminent 
danger of collapse. Consequently, on November 3, 1921, the 
first Conference on the Responsibility of American Churches 
toward European Protestantism was held in the National 
Board Building of the Y. W. C. A., in New York, with an 
attendance of about seventy-five representatives of American 
Churches and religious organizations. The Findings of this 
meeting tell their own story: 


Report of the Committee on Findings 


“I. We understand the object of this Conference to be to make 
inquiry as to the need which European communities may have for 
any help which the American Protestant Churches may be able to 
render; such help to be extended in a way to strengthen the work 
of existing Protestant churches and not in any sense to weaken 
them so as to make less effective their work. 


147 


148 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


“TI, It is not the province of the American Protestant Churches 
to instruct our Protestant brethren in Europe as to how they 
should do their work, the methods that they should employ, or in 
any way attempt to impose on them American methods. 


“III. We do not believe it to be within the province of the Fed- 
eral Council Committee on Relations with Religious Bodies in 
Europe to decide what individual American denominations may do 
in Europe or the methods or policies they can best follow in their 
denominational European work. The decision with regard to 
these matters is the responsibility of the denomination itself, with 
due regard to the fundamental principle in Par. I, and the needs 
of the existing churches. 


“IV. We believe that the Commission on Relations with Re- 
ligious Bodies in Europe should act as a Clearing House for in- 
formation as to religious conditions in Europe. The churches and 
other Christian agencies in the United States should be better 
informed and we believe the most effective agency for this purpose 
is the Commission on Relations with Religious Bodies in Europe. 


“V. We believe the Commission should be the agency through 
which to clear cooperative religious work which may be under- 
taken in Europe by the several denominations which desire to work 
together in extending help to our European brethren. 


“VI. In our judgment, Protestant Churches and Agencies in 


America can best help in the religious situation in Europe in the 
following ways: 


1. “Denominations in the United States related to Protestant de- 
nominations existing in Europe should be encouraged to cooperate 
with their sister churches in Europe in every way possible in the 
reconstruction work made necessary through the effects of war, 
in the formation of new congregations, in the relief of needy 
churches, agencies and individuals. It is pointed out by those 
familiar with the situation in Europe that many of the evangelical 
institutions in different parts of Europe have been forced to close 
because of the lack of funds to carry on the work. Protestant 
Churches in Europe should be assisted not only to maintain the 


charitable work which existed before the War, but to begin new 
work, in needy communities. 


2. “In relief work, it is our judgment that this should be extended 
especially to ministers and social workers, with a view to making 
it possible for these devoted workers to continue in their work, 
and also to educate their children. 


3. “We would suggest that help can be rendered to the European 
churches by offering them aid in the development of training in- 
stitutions for ministers and social workers and in the promotion 


of the agencies which are necessary to the maintenance of a 
vigorous church life. 


4. “Assistance should be rendered in evangelistic work in different 
countries. We should cooperate with the churches of Europe in 
the preparation of literature needed and some plan should be 
worked out by which opportunity may be given for the ministers 
and laymen of the United States and Europe to meet together for 


the exchange of views with regard to most progressive and ef- 
fective methods of church work. 


5. “Plans should be worked out by which theological students and 
clergymen and Christian workers may study outside of their own 


RELATIONS WITH RELIGIOUS BODIES IN EUROPE 149 


countries and to this end free scholarships should be made avail- 
able in educational institutions in the United States. Literature 
should be exchanged. 


6. “Christian men and women contemplating journeys in Europe 
should be directly related through this Commission with the 
leaders of Protestantism in Europe in the hope that through this 
method, messages of good will and spiritual fellowship may be 
extended to our brethren in Europe. 


“VII. The Commission should make a study of the needs of 


religious minorities in European countries, with a view to render- 
ing assistance. 


“VIII. The Commission should confer with the religious bodies 
in Europe and offer its assistance, if desired, in arranging for a 
conference of the European religious bodies to be held in Europe. 

“IX. We would recommend that this Commission enter into cor- 
respondence with the authorities responsible for the maintaining of 
English speaking services in European countries with a view to 
effecting some arrangement by which the overlapping of English 
speaking work in some centers can be obviated and the benefit of 


this ministry be extended to centers where English speaking ser- 
vices have not yet been provided. 


cv ecne Commission should be requested to hold another con- 
ference, at a later time, similar to the one held November 3.” 


The basis for a definite line of procedure being thus laid, 
steps were taken to secure a meeting of representatives of the 
European Churches in some neutral country in order that the 
whole problem might be considered from first-hand reports of 
the actual situation in the various countries. In the summer 
of 1922 this plan was realized in the notable “Bethesda Con- 
ference,’ so named because it met in the Bethesda Mission 
House in Copenhagen, August 10-12. It was called as “The 
International Church Congress for investigating the situation 
of Protestantism in Europe.” 


The report of the Bethesda Conference as made by Dr. 
Macfarland to the second American conference, which met in 
New York, November 17, 1922, is as follows: 


“Tt will be recalled that last November the Conference of American 
Religious Bodies which considered our European Relations, indicated 
the willingness of the Federal Council to assist in arranging and to 
participate in a Conference of the European Churches, if desired. 
The Swiss Protestant Federation, thereupon, took the initiative, the 
result being that this Conference was called by official representatives 
of the Swiss, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish and Dutch Church bodies. 

“In response to the invitation extended to the Federal Council by 
these Churches, we were represented by Bishop James Cannon, Jr., 
Chairman, Bishop W. B. Beauchamp, Rev. Arthur J. Brown, Rev. 
Lauritz Larsen, Rev. Frederick Lynch, Fennell P. Turner (alternate 
for Rev. James I. Good), and the General Secretary. Other members 
of the Conference were Bishop John L. Nuelsen, Rev. E. H. Rawlings, 
and Dr. D. A. Sloan, representing the Methodist bodies in Europe. 
The following also accepted informal invitations to sit with the Con- 


150 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


ference: Rev. Henry A. Atkinson, Rev. William Adams Brown, Rev. 
Peter Ainslie, and Rev. Samuel A. Eliot. 


“This is the first time, in modern history, that the Church bodies 
of Europe have ever met in an officially representative gathering. 
The Conference had been carefully prepared for by Dr. Adoli 
Keller, Secretary of the Swiss Federation, and its success was largely 
due to his unselfish voluntary service, while caring for a large Parish. 
A volume of printed reports was prepared in advance, setting forth 
the condition and needs of the Continental Churches. The American 
report did not attempt to set forth what had been done by American 
Churches for European relief, but confined itself to a statement of our 
own situation and our methods of relief work. 


“The gathering consisted of about 75 officially appointed represen- 
tatives of 37 Church bodies, of 21 European nations, as follows: 
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Great Britain, Czecho-Slovakia, Den- 
mark, Esthonia, Finland, France, Germany, Holland, Hungary, Italy, 
Lettland, Norway, Poland, Roumania, Serb-Croat-Slovene State, 
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland. Reports were also presented of the 
Churches in the Ukraine and Lithuania. 


“The Church bodies were the Lutheran, Reformed, Methodist, 
Baptist, and the several known as Evangelical, as well as the State 
Churches of several nations. The personnel was representative in its 
quality as well as its official standing. 


“It was an impressive gathering, prayerful, mutually sympathetic, 
brotherly. It showed how close we may be brought together by 
mutual suffering and need. Of course the spirit of cooperation and 
federation developed hour by hour. In the case of Great Britain, 
France, Switzerland and Germany, the delegates either represented 
National Federations or were associated with them. Some prophetic 
spirits were even ready to organize a Federation of the Churches of 
Continental Europe on the spot. The final action of the Conference 
was as follows: 


‘This conference consisting of seventy-two representatives of 
European Churches or Church Federations in twenty different 
countries considers it desirable, in view of the distress existing in 
many Protestant churches, that a united relief action for European 
Protestant churches be organized and for this purpose considers 
itself as representing European Protestantism. 


‘The Conference, therefore, elects an Executive Committee, con- 
sisting of the representatives of the various churches which have 
issued the invitation to the present conference and authorizes said 
committee to appoint additional members. This committee dele- 
gates the administration to a European central office, which, how- 
ever, is not to take the place of the organizations as they exist in 
the various churches and countries. 


‘The Swiss Evangelical Church Federation is herewith requested 
to undertake the organization of said central office with the assist- 
ance of the other churches. 

‘The Executive Committee in a later meeting decided to add 
Bishop Nuelsen, Dr. Morehead, Dr. Fleming and Dr. Rushbrooke 
as experts in European relief work and Dr. Macfarland as ad- 
visory member representing the Federal Council of the Churches 
of Christ in America.’ 


“Tt is expected that the Swiss Federation will accept this responsi- 


RELATIONS WITH RELIGIOUS BODIES IN EUROPE 151 


bility, conditioned upon the cooperation of the British, Scandinavian, 
Dutch and American Churches. 


“Representatives of several nations intimated the desire of their 
church bodies to send representatives to America to reveal their 
situation, and were given assurance that the Federal Council would 
warmly ‘welcome them and do everything possible to further their 
mission. 


“The Committee of Arrangements was received by the King of 
Denmark, who expressed deep interest in the Conference, in a very 
frank, personal and simple way. 


“I may add that, with the advice and consent of the American dele- 
gates, I assumed the obvious responsibility for the entire expense of 
the Conference, amounting to about $2,000, with faith that the De- 
nominational Boards cooperating in the Federal Council Commission 
on Relations with Religious Bodies in Europe will agree to divide it 
between them. Surely this is hardly to be considered excessive for a 
Conference that is of such far-reaching and prophetic significance. 


“As to the future, it is proposed that the Commission on Rela- 
tions with Religious Bodies in Europe shall call an early Confer- 
ence, similar to the one held last November, to consider our part 
in the movement so providentially begun. Just as all Europe looks 
to America for help in her economic and political ills, so the 
Churches of Europe look to the Churches of America for moral 
and material help. No one at the Bethesda Conference doubted 
that God was leading us. He will lead us in America to meet our 
obligations, with a strength and with resources equal to our faith. 
Your representatives at this meeting will have many situations to 
report to the coming Conference, which will be startling in their 
significance for the Evangelical Church. God has opened up a 
new Mission field before us, which is neither home nor foreign, 
but which will give us an opportunity to reveal the Gospel in en- 
larged power to the eyes of the world 


“As to the question of cooperative relationship between the his- 
toric Churches and the work instituted by American Church bodies, 
I am more and more convinced that it is largely a question of the 
personality of leadership. What is needed in Europe is brotherli- 
ness, and the first requisite on the part of Americans who go to 
Europe, in whatever capacity, is that they shall be great-hearted, 
brotherly men. Such men are finding the way to solve the prob- 
lems of mutual relationship. I may be pardoned if, simply because 
of closer acquaintance with his work, I mention Bishop John L. 
Nuelsen as one who impresses upon me the obvious principle that 
I have emphasized. 


“Professor William Adams Brown, who followed these events with 
his customary insight, suggests that a representative of the Federal 
Council could spend six months or a year on a brotherly visitation to 
the European Churches for conference and prayer, and render a ser- 
vice in a large way, which cannot be met by similar service of denom- 
inational representatives with their primary denominational tasks. I 
heartily concur in Professor Brown’s judgment. 


“American Protestantism should be deeply concerned in view of 
the fact that European Protestantism is weak, just when the Roman 
Catholic Church is seeking and, through the blindness of political 
leaders, gaining at least a nominal temporal power. It is not a mere 
question of proselytising. It does not involve the arousing of religious 


152 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


prejudice. Nor can it be met simply by the establishment of denom- 
inational evangelizing stations. The success of such work is itself 
dependent upon maintaining the strength of the historic Churches. 
Protestantism in Europe, as a whole, depends today in large measure 
upon the help of the British, Scandinavian, Dutch, Swiss and Amer- 
ican Churches, and the weight of this responsibility rests heavily upon 
America. Our Commission on Relations with Religious Bodies in 
Europe needs to be, at this moment, one of our strongest departments. 


“Tt is recommended, therefore, that a-Conference of our constituent 
forces be held, at an early date, to give to this question a serious con- 
sideration such as it has never yet received.” 


Bishop John L. Nuelsen, representing the Swiss Protestant 
Federation and the Executive Committee of the Central Com- 
mittee for Relief of the Evangelical Churches in Europe, pre- 
sented a Memorial from the Secretary of the Swiss Protestant 
Federation, which included the following statement of the 
proposals for the plan and conduct of the Central Committee 
for Relief of the Evangelical Churches in Europe: 


“The distress is spread over such a broad field, affects so many 
churches, and extends into such varied spheres of the Protestant life 
of these countries and Churches that it should not only awaken the 
interest of closely-related foreign Churches, but also claims the atten- 
tion of the entire Protestant world as a matter which concerns it 
closely as a whole. . 


“The Swiss Federation may be expected to comply with the wishes 
of the Copenhagen Conference provided the following conditions can 
be fulfilled: 


“1. The ratification of the Copenhagen resolution by the Protestant 
churches of Europe and America, 


“2. The assurance of prompt and organized collaboration on the 
part of those churches which are in a position to give assistance, 


“3. The collaboration of the churches in the organization and main- 
tenance of the central office. 


“Denominational relief has been hitherto for the benefit of the sister 
churches in distress. The denominational relation has proved itself 
thereby a particularly valuable bond, over and beyond the frontier, 
between churches historically and constitutionally closely related. 
There is a personal element in this relief which must not be dimin- 
ished. Further, these denominational relief-works have already estab- 
lished organizations which function perfectly and have proved them- 
selves useful. Consequently their continuance in future is absolutely 
desirable and, in fact, indispensable. They have acquired a technique, 
have created a number of international relations and awakened a spirit 
of collaboration which are of paramount importance for the further- 
ance of Evangelical union and will continue to have its effect as a 
wonderful work of evangelical brotherly love. 


“But these denominational relief-actions are, in spite of all, not of 
themselves able to solve all the problems which confront us in this 
sphere to-day. A broad-minded and boundless evangelical love cannot 
be limited in the long run to purely denominational aims, nor can it 
simply leave Evangelical brethren, even if they do not belong to the 
same church, to their distress and difficulties. It is a fact that whole 
churches and organizations of the home missions have not yet been 


RELATIONS WITH RELIGIOUS BODIES IN EUROPE 153 


reached by such denominational relief. This is especially true of those 
churches and church works which are “united” and do not belong to 
any particular denomination. 


“Conditions are so varied in every country that these problems 
cannot be treated in‘a uniform manner. Hence we should like to 
make the following suggestions for adapting the proposed general 
Protestant relief-action as far as possible to existing denominational 
actions of the same kind: 


“a) Where possible, the single Protestant churches of a country 
should form an inter-denominational Committee which should agree 
as to the proportionate aid for the single denominations, and get into 
touch, by means of the central office, with the single denominational 
bodies acting in these countries. 


“b) In case the circumstances of the single churches in a country 
do not allow of such a connection, the central office, after having 
gathered exact information, should get into touch with the single 
denominational works for the purpose of collaborating with them with 
proper regard to the various Protestant districts and churches. 


“c) The central office is to obtain for denominational corporations 
or institutions which have not yet received any help the aid of the 
same, or of a related denomination, in a country which is in a position 
to render assistance; or it will request certain relief-organizations to 
add to their activities the solicitude for the works of a general 
Protestant character in particularly deserving cases. 


“d) The denominational relief-organizations will be requested to 
be SO good as to inform the central office as to their activities, ex- 
periences and to furnish any other information of importance. 


“e) In those countries where it is deemed necessary to institute 
new and necessary works in connection with Home Missions, in the 
creation of which several denominations are equally interested with the 
churches in distress (Home Missions, Institutions, Evangelism, train- 
ing colleges), the central office will offer its help or its mediation 
between the individual denominations and, if desired, between these 
and the churches or organizations of the country in question. 


“Tf there is a consensus of opinion on these points it will ensure the 
cordial collaboration of the denominational relief-work bodies, a 
friendly recognition of their existing rights and experiences, and a 
recognition of their previous efforts and claims which can in some 
cases be increased and in others lead to closer agreement. 


“The central office will—as described above—in the first instance 
make use of the organs of the denominational relief-societies and col- 
laborate with them in the sense of a friendly coordination and a 
proper adjustment. Further, special sources must be tapped for its 
general activities. We make the following suggestions: 


“1. Those churches which have hitherto not supported any denom- 
inational relief-works should collaborate in the general Protestant aid 
of the central office. Both in Europe and America and in other parts 
of the world there are numbers of churches which have not under- 
taken any relief-works, either owing to their not being in touch with 
Europe or for lack of the proper information about the actual state 
of distress, and which would certainly not refuse to lend their aid. 


“2. That the churches be asked to make these European activities 
an item in their Church budgets as presumably the help for European 
Protestantism will occupy the energies of the entire Protestant world 
for many years to come. 


154 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


“3. That regular information should be furnished to the rest of the 
ecclesiastical world about conditions in Europe and a watchful eye be 
kept on the conditions of distress. 


“4. A closer connection between remote parts of the Protestant 
world should be sought with a view to raising brotherly interest for 
the life and struggles of suffering Churches. 


“Organization of the Central Office 


“1. The organization of the central office is to be assigned to the 
Federation of Protestant Churches of Switzerland. 


“2. The central office shall establish an information bureau and 
maintain a constant touch with the secretaries of its national commit- 
tees, the denominational relief-work bodies and the central office.” 


The Chairman of the Committee on Findings, Bishop John 
L. Nuelsen, presented the report of that Committee, which was 
read by the Secretary of the Committee, Rev. Kenneth D. 
Miller, and consisted of the following recommendations: 


“1. We have heard with great pleasure the reports of the Pro- 
ceedings of the Copenhagen Conference, and of the final action taken 
establishing a central office for relief work in Europe. 


“We are in sympathy with the plan proposed by the Executive Com- 
mittee of the Copenhagen Conference and conditionally adopted by 
the Swiss Protestant Federation, for the establishment and operation 
of such a bureau, and commend it to the constituent Churches of the 
Federal Council for their cooperation and support, and in particular 
we recommend it as a medium for the distribution of relief funds to 
those Churches which have not their own organization in Europe. 


“It is our understanding that such a central bureau would not at- 
tempt to direct the relief activities now carried on by the denomina- 
tional organizations, but to serve as an information bureau, to arrange, 
collect, and edit reports and appeals from Protestant Churches of 
Europe for financial assistance, and pass them on to the Churches 
and other agencies able to assist with the carrying out of its recom- 
mendations. 


“Tt is further our understanding that the central office will offer its 
services to distribute such funds, both designated and undesignated, as 
individuals or Churches may deem fit to send to it. 


“2. In order to assist the European Churches to put this plan in 
operation, the conference recommends that in the first year two-thirds 
of the $6,000 needed be contributed by the American Churches, and 
in the second year, one-half; the allocation of the amounts to each 
denomination to be made by the Federal Council, which shall request 
each denomination thus to assist in providing for the establishment of 
this agency which should mean so much to European Protestantism.” 
The recommendations embodied in these various reports 

were subsequently referred to and carried out by the Commis- 
sion on Relations with Religious Bodies in Europe. The estab- 
lishment of the central relief office at Zurich, Switzerland, now 
known as the Central Bureau for Relief of the Evangelical 


Churches of Europe, and the organizations of the correspon- 


RELATIONS WITH RELIGIOUS BODIES IN EUROPE 155 


ding “American Office” here, undoubtedly constitute the great- 
est practical achievement of the Commission. For the first 
time the scattered and highly differentiated Churches abroad 
have a tangible, concrete expression of a common aim, even 
though that aim is for the present primarily the relief of a com- 
mon need. The opportunities for conference and coordinate 
action presented by the common task of bringing aid in time 
of distress is a fertile field for the seeds of brotherly under- 
standing and sympathetic cooperation. (See further the spe- 
cial report on the Central Bureau.) 

It may be said in this connection that the federative move- 
ment, the tendency toward united action by Churches greatly 
divergent in dogma and observances, has received a great im- 
petus, due no doubt very largely to the recognition of the 
necessity for mutual support in mutual danger. Since 1920 
Church federations have been formed in Germany, Spain, 
Sweden, Ireland, and Czecho-Slovakia. 

The work of establishing the central relief office in Zurich 
with its auxiliary in America was completed by the appoint- 
ment of Rev. Adolf Keller as Secretary of the Bureau in 
Zurich, and Rev. Chauncey W. Goodrich as American Repre- 
sentative in New York. In order to coordinate his office as 
Secretary of the Central Bureau with the Federal Council of 
Churches, the Commission on Relations with Religious Bodies 
in Europe appointed Dr. Keller its representative abroad, as- 
suming the responsibility for his salary but releasing his ser- 
vices to the Central Bureau, thus insuring a continuity of effort 
not otherwise possible. The Commission, through the consti- 
tuent boards, has also underwritten two-thirds of the budget of 
the Bureau, thus assuring to the Bureau the absolutely essential 
financial stability upon which the success of its work will 
depend. 

Previous to and during the setting up of the Bureau, special 
relief collections were made on behalf of Austria and the 
Italian Church at Geneva, Switzerland. The appeal for Ger- 
man relief was made by a specially organized campaign com- 
mittee, as was also that on behalf of the severely stricken 
Russian Orthodox Churches. Accounts of these two relief 
actions will be found elsewhere. 


Friendly Visitors 


The policy of authorizing “Friendly Visitors” to bring 
greetings to our European brethren and to confer with them 
whenever possible on matters of mutual interest, has been 
continued and has led to the interchange of much valuable 


156 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


information. An increasing number of distinguished foreign 
guests has been received here. They have come to us from 
many lands:—England, France, Germany, Sweden, Denmark, 
Austria, Czecho-Slovakia, Spain, Italy, Switzerland, the Bal- 
kan countries, Russia,—practically every corner of the Old 
World has been represented. 


New Committees 


Two committees have been added to the Commission, that 
on Russian Churches and the Committee on Relations with 
France and Belgium. The former has been able to gather up 
a great deal of useful data concerning the events which have 
been transpiring in the Churches of Russia. The latter con- 
stituted originally the separate Commission on Relations with 
France and Belgium, which, having finished its task*—the 
relief of the devastated French and Belgian Protestant 
churches,—will now continue to function as a medium for 
maintaining the cordial relations established with those 
churches since 1917. 


Religious Minorities 


The condition of the religious minorities scattered through- 
out Europe as a result of the re-distribution of territory after 
the close of the war, which gave cause for such grave anxiety 
in 1920, has been greatly bettered, thanks to the good work of 
the League of Nations and the American Committee for Reli- 
gious Minorities, which has been indefatigable in investigating 
reports of oppression and in making representations, when 
necessary, to the governments involved. In districts where 
restrictive measures are still being enforced, the affected 
groups are becoming increasingly conscious of the sympathy 
and active interest of Protestant Churches all over the world 
and this in itself has proved a valuable asset where direct 
intervention has been impossible or ineffectual. 


Summary 


The Commission looks back upon four years of important 
creative work, and forward to a strenuous program very 
largely in support of that of the Central Bureau. For this 
program it bespeaks the active cooperation of the governing 
boards of the constituent denominations of the Federal Coun- 
cil, as from them must come the means to meet the modest 
budget of the Commission and the share of the administrative 


* See next page for final report on French and Belgian Relief Work. 


RELATIONS WITH RELIGIOUS BODIES IN EUROPE 157 


budget of the Central Bureau which the Commission has un- 
dertaken to supply until such time as our Sister Churches 
abroad may be able to bear their own burdens once more. 


THE COMMISSION ON RELATIONS WITH FRANCE 
AND BELGIUM 


With the completion of the essentials of the program of 
relief and reconstruction undertaken by the Commission on 
Relations with France and Belgium and with the development 
of the work of the Central Bureau to cover relief to Churches 
throughout Europe, the task of this special commission has 
been felt by its members to be about ended. 


At their last meeting, April 17, 1924, it was therefore voted 
to recommend to the Administrative Committee that for the 
future the special care of the French Churches be left to a 
committee named for that purpose which should take the place 
of the Commission. 


A brief resumé of the work of this Commission which has 
now so well completed its task is in order. 


The Commission on Relations with France and Belgium was 
organized in January, 1918, as a result of a conference of 
denominational representatives of both French and American 
Churches and delegates from the McAll Mission and the 
American Huguenot Committee. From the first, it was in- 
tended that the American Committee should be much more 
than merely a collecting agency for financial relief in Europe. 
Its purpose was stated to be: “To conserve and develop the 
Evangelical Churches and Missions in France and Belgium, 
to further the interchange of thought and life between the 
religious forces of these three nations; to render moral and 
financial support to the Evangelical institutions and to the 
people of France and Belgium.” The visit to this country 
in 1917 of Chaplains Georges Lauga and Victor Monod of 
France, and the earlier visit of Pastor Anet of Belgium, made 
evident the value of such personal interchange. And when, in 
1918, at the invitation of the French Protestant Churches, Dr. 
Macfarland went abroad, representing the Protestant Churches 
of America, permanent and vital relationships were established 
between the Protestant elements in the two countries, which 


158 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


have grown steadily in importance. The “Handbook of 
French and Belgian Protestantism,’ published by the Com- 
mission in America and the volume—‘“Les Forces du Protes- 
tantisme Americain Contemporain,”’ by Victor Monod and 
Henri Anet, published in France, are an evidence of the sense 
of common interest. 


In 1920, Mr. William Sloane Coffin was chosen chairman of 
the Commission. Mr. Coffin’s experience in France as Asso- 
ciate Director of the “Foyer du Soldat” had given him an 
appreciation of the French Protestant Churches and an in- 
sight into their needs. He brought to the task devotion and 
energy which led to success even in the difficult years follow- 
ing his appointment, when general financial conditions made 
the raising of funds for any work of beneficence unusually 
difficult. Particularly effective was his enlistment of the in- 
terest of the Committee controlling the Laura Spellman Rocke- 
feller Memorial, whose conditional offer made possible in 1921 
a total gift of $355,598.53. It was through the generosity of 
Mr. John D. Rockefeller, Jr., that $40,000 of the $60,000 
recently sent abroad was provided. 


Standing in 1918 amid the ruins of the Church of Henin- 
Lietard with his friend its founder and first pastor, Mr. Coffin 
promised in the name of American Protestants that a new 
church should rise on that site. In great measure to the ef- 
forts of Mr. Coffin is due the fulfillment of this promise, not 
for Henin-Lietard only, but for many points at which the 
Protestant Christianity of France has risen from its ruins in 
new beauty and power. Twenty-four churches, destroyed or 
damaged, have been rebuilt or repaired, together with a num- 
ber of manses and parish houses. Through American coopera- 
tion the admirable Protestant Headquarters at 47 rue de Clichy 
has been purchased and made the home of the French Federa- 
tion of Churches, and of the greater part of the religious 
and benevolent societies. The new impetus given Home and 
Foreign Mission work and the development of schools of 
Christian and social service attest the practical use made of 
American aid. 


The list of churches rebuilt or repaired largely through 
help received from the United States is as follows: 


Reims Hénin-Liétard 
St. Quentin Achicourt 
Verdun (church and manse) — Bruay 

Arras Cambrai (manse) 


Cambrai | Caudry 


RELATIONS WITH RELIGIOUS BODIES IN EUROPE 159 


Cernay Monneaux 
Chateau-Thierry (church and Nauroy 

manse ) Quievy 
Compiégne (church) Roubaix 
Fresnoy Saulzoir 
Hargicourt (manse and parish Soultzeren 

house) Walincourt 
Léme Wanquentin 
Lille 


Since 1915, there has passed through the Treasury of the 
Federal Council of Churches for the Protestant Churches of 
France and Belgium—in round numbers—$1,500,000. The 
Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A., the Presbyterian Church 
in the U. S., the United Presbyterian Church, the Reformed 
Church in the U. S., the Methodist Episcopal, Baptist and 
Lutheran Churches were among the religious bodies contrib- 
uting to this fund. If to this sum are added amounts sent in 
the same period for the reinforcement of historic French 
Protestantism by such organizations as the McAll Mission, the 
total will be well beyond $2,000,000, while for a complete rec- 
ord of American aid there should be included the generous 
amounts sent by Baptists, Methodists and Lutherans directly 
to Churches representing their own communions in France. 


The following quotation from a recent report of Mr. Coffin, 
after his visit to France last summer, summarizes present con- 
ditions in the French Churches: 


“The situation of the Protestant Church in France inspires 
one with absolute confidence in its future, because of the real 
results already obtained, the soundness of the foundations laid, 
the careful, economical management, and, especially because 
of its devoted and efficient leaders. The writer frankly admits 
that he had little conception of what wonders had been ac- 
complished with the comparatively small contributions sent by 
this Commission.” 


THE CENTRAL BUREAU FOR RELIEF OF THE 
EVANGELICAL CHURCHES OF EUROPE 


The after effects of war on the Protestant Churches of 
continental Europe were, by the Spring of 1922 felt to be so 
grave that some united action was called for. Chiefly at the 
suggestion of the Federal Council of Churches a conference 
was arranged at Copenhagen in August of that year at which 


160 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


were assembled the authorized representatives of 37 religious 
bodies from 21 different countries. The reports there pre- 
sented revealed a situation so threatening, involving the decline 
of Protestantism in many parts of Europe and in some places 
its actual extinction, that some organization to cope with it 
was seen to be the imperative need. To the Church Federa- 
tion of Switzerland was committed the task of forming such 
an organization to be known as The Central Bureau for Relief 
of the Evangelical Churches of Europe. 

Wisely the officers of this organization and most of the 
Executive Committee were chosen from nationalities neutral 
during the war. They form a group of representative and 
experienced men especially well equipped for the wise direc- 
tion of the Bureau. The Executive Secretary is Dr. Adolf 
Keller of Zurich, Switzerland, who by his standing as a leader 
among the churches and his statesmanlike grasp of religious 
international relations was clearly indicated for this responsible 
post. The Headquarters of the Central Bureau are at Zurich. 

Since the creation of the Bureau there has been rapid and 
important development in three aspects of the situation: 


1. The need that was great has become greater. Protestant 
institutions that were only threatened have reached the point 
of exhaustion and been closed by scores. At a moment when, 
in the remaking of a shaken civilization, spiritual leadership 
has been peculiarly needed, the churches impoverished and 
weakened have gone backward. 

Yet the effort to strengthen and sustain the churches in this 
time of peril and decline has not been a “forlorn hope.” The 
courage and devotion of leaders and led in these years which 
have tried as by fire the Protestant Christianity of the Con- 
tinent, has vindicated the conquering vitality of our common 
faith. And now the promise of economic stability raises hope 
in those who have lost so much that they may henceforth hold 
their own and ultimately build anew after years of disin- 
tegration and collapse. Only in many quarters exhaustion is 
so great that the survival of precious institutions until better 
times is hardly possible if help is not given at once. We are 
apparently at the acutest point of the crisis. 


2. There has been development also in the sources of relief. 

As soon as the organization of the Central Bureau opened a 
channel of relief for the churches in such distress, the response 
from neighboring “helping countries” (Switzerland, Holland, 
the Scandinavian countries, Great Britain) was prompt and 
generous. To the American Churches a realization of the 
situation came more slowly. Indeed a sustained effort to 


RELATIONS WITH RELIGIOUS BODIES IN EUROPE 161 


present this cause in the United States began only in October, 
1923, with the appointment of Rev. Chauncey W. Goodrich 
just returned from a long service as pastor of the American 
Church in Paris as American Representative of the Central 
Bureau, with offices in connection with the Federal Council. 
The budgets of most of the denominations have left no room 
for such new causes as this and the obligation resting upon the 
Churches to meet each its own appointments has limited sharply 
their ability to do more. Gifts from individuals have been 
especially helpful in this period until the Churches could make 
place for this new demand in their plans for beneficence. In 
the Spring of 1924 four branches of the Presbyterian Church 
in this country and the two greater Reformed bodies joined in 
an effort to raise $500,000 to be administered through the Cen- 
tral Bureau. This campaign is still in progress. It is being 
reinforced by several city-wide campaigns, embracing all de- 
nominations, organized by Dr. Ernest Lyman Mills formerly 
Director of Methodist Episcopal Sunday-School work for 
Europe. Many churches devoted Reformation Sunday to a 
consideration of the tragic situation of our brethren overseas. 

This combined effort of Presbyterian and Reformed 
Churches will help greatly. A similar recognition of their 
obligation to the imperilled churches of Europe by all Amer- 
ican denominations would save the situation. 

The total amount of gifts for relief passing through the 
office of the American Representative in the first year, ending 
September 30, 1924, was $210,685. It should be added, how- 
ever, that the information disseminated and the appeals made 
from this office have prompted many other important gifts in 
aid of European Churches, which have passed through denom- 
inational channels to the recipients abroad. 

3. There has been, in the third place, marked development 
in the work of the Bureau and in its relation to affiliated 
organizations in the different countries. 

At the outset Dr. Keller undertook the task of directing the 
work of the Bureau while pastor of the large Church of St. 
Peter’s, Zurich. This double burden was too heavy long to be 
carried and in December, 1923, his Church reluctantly released 
him that he might accept the position of Representative in 
Europe of the Federal Council, devoting all his time to the 
new work. Shortly after his appointment to this representa- 
tive position Dr. Keller visited the United States, remaining 
through January and February, 1924, and greatly stimulating 
interest in the European situation by his addresses and con- 


162 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


ferences. We are happy to welcome him as spokesman for the 
European Churches at the Quadrennial Meeting. 

In all the larger countries national bureaus of relief made 
up of representatives of all denominations have been organized 
to cooperate with the Central Bureau of Zurich, certifying the 
requests for aid and assuring a proper distribution. In the 
smaller countries responsible groups of leaders fulfill the same 
office. 

While the primary function of the Bureau is to bring relief 
in a tragic crisis, it is accomplishing other things of great and 
permanent value. In four hundred years it is the first or- 
ganization officially approved by Protestant Churches of the 
Continent, uniting practically all of them in common action. 
Already the influence of the Central Bureau, in commending 
federative action to the different bodies to which it is related, 
is marked. Church Federations already exist in France, Ger- 
many, Sweden, Switzerland, and Spain, and the churches of 
Czecho-Slovakia have applied to the Central Bureau for sug- 
gestions as to the formation of a National Church Federation. 
In response there has been sent them a copy of the Constitution 
of the Federal Council in America as a suggested basis. The 
Bureau is also a clearing house for information between the 
churches of different countries and an agent for putting into 
effect helpful measures such as the proposed organization of a 
library of American religious thought and practice to be es.ab- 
lished at some convenient point in Europe. Altogether a new 
sense of solidarity of all who bear the Protestant name is being 
fostered and a fine impulse toward larger cooperation is being 
engendered. | 


JAMES CANNON, JR., 
Chairman. 


CHARLES S. MACFARLAND, 
General Secretary. 


CHAUNCEY W. GooprRICcH, 
: American Representative, 
Central Bureau. 


DEPARTMENT OF RESEARCH AND 
EDUCATION 


At the opening of the quadrennium, the Commission on the 
Church and Social Service maintained the Research Depart- 
ment which had been organized on a very modest basis in 1918. 
Five years later, this Department had greatly expanded and 
had so abundantly justified itself that it was set up by the 
Executive Committee as the Department of Research and 
Education of the Council as a whole. The Department thus 
comes to the close of the quadrennium functioning in connec- 
tion with the entire work of the Council, especially the Com- 
missions on Social Service, Race Relations, and International 
Justice and Goodwill. 


Guiding Principles 


This important development has come about as a result of 
increasing demands upon the Department, not only from the 
Commission on the Church and Social Service but also from 
the other areas of the Federal Council’s interest. The many 
calls, both within the Council and from the outside, for such 
cooperation as a research department could give seemed to 
reflect a growing conviction on the part of Christian people 
everywhere that any effective social program of the Church 
must rest upon an impartial investigation of the facts involved. 

On the other side of the water as well as here this need for 
greater attention on the part of the churches to research is 
being recognized. The great Conference on Christian Politics, 
Economics and Citizenship (commonly called C. O. P. E. C.), 
held in Birmingham, England, last April declared: 


“Much of the success of the work here recommended must depend 
upon the activity of a competent Research Department. We would 
not, of course, propose to duplicate research work that is being done 
already, but it is imperative that the leaders and guides of Christian 
thought should have always accessible on subjects of moment full 
and reliable knowledge of social facts and of the latest results of 
sociological thinking. There is also a distinctive sphere for a Re- 
search Department of the Churches. The subject matter here would 
not be the social need and agency, which are the province of the 
scientist and the social reformer; it would rather be the ideas and 
inspirations, the proposals and experiments to which Christian peo- 
ple are being constantly led by their Christian faith, but which 
remain unknown to their fellow-Christians, and, because unknown and 
therefore unrevised in the light of wider Christian experience, are 
often comparatively unfruitful. No publication would be distinctive 
enough, no local crusade or public pronouncement would have the 
necessary combination of nascent moral energy and collective wis- 
dom without an adequate background of distinctive research work. 


163 


164 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


We would therefore commend this provision for research work as 
the most essential element of all in the united organization of the 
future. To be adequate it must be continuous, and therefore ade- 
quately staffed with permanent officers, for no committee work can 
suffice without proper staff work to support it.” 


The Department of Research and Education, as now organ- 
ized, will undertake to serve as the agent of the Federal 
Council of the Churches and its constituent denominations in 
such matters of research as seem to be most needed. Its per- 
sonnel includes representatives of the other Commissions of the 
Council so as to effect the closest cooperation with them at 
every point. More specifically, the purposes of the Depart- 
inent will be: 

1. To act as a liaison office between the different church organiza- 


tions which are carrying on research and the social agencies 
which are interested in moral and religious questions 


. To assemble the relevant materials on the religious and ethical 
aspects of industrial and social questions and put them in con- 
venient form for use by pastors and others in the churches 


3. To make more easily accessible to the churches the work of 
other organizations which are producing research of interest to 
religious and social workers 


4. To make such occasional independent investigations as may from 
time to time be called for, but not doing so when other qualified 
bodies are prepared to do the work 


5. To issue the results of the Department’s studies in such form as 
to contribute most helpfully to the educational program of the 
churches. 

Serving as a source of information on which judgments can 
be based, the Department is not itself a policy determining 
body. In dealing with difficult and controverted questions the 
Department will always aim to state both sides so far as pos- 
sible (a) as to the facts, and (b) as to the interpretations based 
upon the facts by equally sincere people. 


bo 


Information Service 


The most useful instrument of the Department has been the 
INFORMATION SERVICE, established as a_ bi-weekly pub- 
lication in 1921, and published weekly since October, 1922. It 
presents in brief compass analysis of the Christian aspects of 
fundamental social questions, digests and reviews of articles, 
pamphlets and books; in short, significant material from 
numerous important publications and other sources. Sum- 
maries of the Department’s original investigations have been 
published in the INFORMATION SERvIcE. It is regarded by 
students in various fields as one of the most reliable sources 
of “case material” in social ethics. A partial list of the more 


DEPARTMENT OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION 165 


important topics treated during the fall of 1924 include: The 
Question of Unemployment, The League of Nations Plan for 
the Outlawry of War, the Ethics of Business, Labor Problems, 
Rural Life and the Cooperative Movement, the Negro Ques- 
tion, the Causes of War, the Pacifist Issue, Japanese Exclu- 
sion, Facts on the Defense Test. 

This Service is published on a subscription basis and is 
used by over 5000 ministers, Y. M. and; Y...W. C, A. 
secretaries, social workers, college and theological seminary 
students. Over 500 ministers subscribed to it in response to 
one recent appeal. During 1923-24, 1420 students in 62 col- 
leges and theological seminaries subscribed to it for classroom 
work, discussion groups and for their own reading. It was 
used, for example, by large groups of students in the Southern 
Methodist University School of Theology, Albion College, San 
Francisco Theological Seminary, the University of Wisconsin, 
Oberlin Theological Seminary, Iowa College of Agriculture, 
Bucknell University, and Union Theological Seminary. The 
INFORMATION SERVICE is also sent to the religious press and 
to editors of a selected list of daily newspapers and journals, 
who make frequent use of its material. A recent canvass of 
part of the subscription list disclosed the names of a number 
of the most prominent college presidents and professors in 
the United States. The President of Czecho-Slovakia, who has 
been a subscriber for several years, recently wrote a com- 
mendation of the Service and subscribed for two copies to 
be sent to his library. The increasing response to the IN- 
FORMATION SERVICE is also shown by the fact that the income 
from subscriptions increased during 1923 by 20 per cent over 
1922 and indications are that receipts for 1924 will be almost 
25 per cent higher than those of 1923. 


Special Research 


The Educational Committee, which has had responsibility for 
the preparation of printed reports, bulletins and study courses 
prepared by the Department, has been undertaking to develop 
a unified and balanced program of Christian social education. 
On this committee are represented the several commissions of 
the Federal Council which are dealing with social and inter- 
national problems, and the several denominational and other 
groups which are cooperating in the Department of Research 
and Education. 

The more important publications of the Committee during 
the quadrennium were the following: 

Research Bulletins 1, 2 and 3; the first dealing with the 
problem of wages, the second with the coal controversy, the 


166 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


third with the twelve hour day in the steel industry. The 
discussion of wages was undertaken at the request of the 
Consumers’ League since that organization needed a docu- 
ment on this subject that would especially commend itself to 
church people. The bulletin on the coal controversy has been 
widely read and commented on. A prominent United States 
senator spoke of it in terms of high appreciation on the floor 
of the Senate. The bulletin on the twelve hour day in the steel 
industry was an analysis of the more important investigations 
by engineers and other organizations. 


A study course on “Christianity and Economic Problems.” 
This book deals in a constructive manner with the most serious 
of our economic problems, being designed especially for use by 
discussion classes of adults in churches and Christian asso- 
ciations. Its special merit lay in its effort to test current 
practices and standards by Christian ideals. Over 8000 copies 
were sold, an unusual circulation for a book of this character. 


A handbook for ministers and church workers entitled 
“Social Work in the Churches.” It carries a secondary title, 
“A Study in the Practice of Fellowship,” which indicates its 
scope and purpose. The manuscript was prepared by Dr. 
Arthur E. Holt, then of the Congregational Social Service 
Commission, and the book was brought out for the Committee 
by the Pilgrim Press. This work has been enthusiastically 
commended and filled a long felt need. 


A unique and timely book entitled “The Coming of Coal,” 
written for the Committee by Mr. Robert W. Bruere and pub- 
lished by the Association Press, which has several times acted 
as publisher for the Committee and co-operated heartily in the 
promotion of its product. This volume is an account of the 
development of a great basic industry with reference to its 
social and spiritual implications. 

A pamphlet on “The Motion Picture Problem” for which 
Dean Charles N. Lathrop of the Department of Christian 
Social Service of the Protestant Episcopal Church took edi- 
torial responsibility. It gives an account of the various meth- 
ods that have been employed to secure a needed social control 
of the character of motion pictures. It has been widely cir- 
culated and has already had a considerable educational influ- 
ence. 

“The Deportation Cases of 1919-20” by C. M. Panunzio, was 
the result of a careful study of the treatment of aliens whose 
deportation was sought by the government on political grounds. 

“The Denver Tramway Strike” was a first hand investigation 


DEPARTMENT OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION 167 


of a significant industrial disturbance and of the unique effort 
on the part of local churchmen to investigate it. It has proved 
to be most valuable “case material.” 

During the past three years an annual Industrial Review of 
the Year has been published for the use of pastors in connec- 
tion with Labor Sunday. This has been supplementary to 
The Labor Sunday Message issued annually by the Commis- 
sion on the Church and Social Service. 

The Executive Secretary of the Department wrote a pamph- 
let on “The Social Gospel and Personal Religion,’ which was 
a concise presentation of the relation of the individual and 
social phases of human life to religious experience. He was 
joint author, with Dr. Arthur E. Holt, of “Christian Ideals in 
Industry,” a study course for adult groups published by the 
Methodist Book Concern. 

The policy of the Department has been to issue publications 
in the form of pamphlets or inexpensive books for popular 
distribution. The publicity given to the investigation of the 
twelve hour day in the steel industry during 1923 was wide and 
remarkably effective. The heads of the steel industry, meet- 
ing in the American Iron and Steel Institute, had considered 
for a year the request of President Harding that the long shift 
be abolished and on May 25, 1923, issued a statement em- 
phatically rejecting the proposal. Within a few weeks, how- 
ever, manifestly in response to an outpouring of public opinion, 
based on the researches of engineers and the investigators of 
the Interchurch World Movement and crystallized by three 
great religious bodies—the Federal Council of Churches, the 
National Catholic Welfare Council, and the Central Confer- 
ence of American Rabbis—the American Iron and Steel In- 
stitute reversed its decision. This signal evidence of the value 
of the work of the churches in the field of industrial relations 
has been heartily recognized both by the churches and the 
general public. 


Prohibition Facts and Education 


Research into various aspects of Prohibition has been carried 
on during the past year and a half. Studies have been made 
of the experiences of social case workers. A special investiga- 
tion was made of the attitudes of leaders in industry and labor 
unions toward changes in the present Prohibition laws by 
means of a special ballot. Groups hostile to Prohibition were 
made the object of special study. Conditions in prisons, col- 
leges, high schools and among artists were recorded. This 
data is being made the basis of a special course of study to 


168 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


be made available to local churches during the next year by 
the Educational Committee. 


Rural Research 


During 1923, the Department began to give attention to 
some of the urgent questions in the rural social field, in re- 
sponse to requests from rural church leaders in the various 
boards of home missions. A rural committee was organized. 
In the fall of the year, a research assistant was employed to 
make studies of important topics and prepare material for the 
INFORMATION SERVICE. A study of Farmer-Labor Coopera- 
tion in the Northwest was made during the summer of 1924 
and published as an entire number of the INFORMATION 
Service. The largest single piece of research in this field has 
been a study of “The Social Aspects of Farmers’ Cooperative 
Marketing.” This is a report upon the social policies and 
activities of the new and powerful rural marketing associa- 
tions. It is designed to give the local pastor and community 
worker and the student of cooperation concrete data on types 
of organizations. It will be published as a pamphlet about 
January, 1925. 

This committee is also establishing an annual “Agricultural 
Review of the Year” to’ be published as a number of the 
INFORMATION SERVICE and is making an interpretation of a 
series of important studies on rural costs and standards of 
living which are being conducted by the United States De- 
partment of Agriculture. Plans have also been made to make 
a study to stimulate discussion of “Ethical Standards in 
Agriculture.” 


Religious Drama 


There are signs of a renaissance of religious drama, of a new 
realization of the value of the drama in teaching the Bible and 
in conveying the Christian message. In order to be of service 
to this new movement in the churches, a committee of Reli- 
gious Drama was organized in 1923, as a result of a request 
made by the representatives of several denominations. This 
committee made a year’s study of the use of dramatic methods 
in religious education and collected manuscripts of the out- 
standing dramas in the field. Ten of these were published in 
the first volume of a series entitled “Religious Dramas 1924.” 
The committee thus made available to local churches suitable 
plays and pageants for most occasions of the church year. A 
list of the titles of religious plays and pageants has also been 
published in pamphlet form. 

During the summer of 1924, a Summer School of Religious 


DEPARTMENT OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION 169 


Drama was conducted by the Department in connection with 
the Summer School of Religious Education at Auburn Theo- 
logical Seminary. Seventeen full-time students attended this 
school and fourteen students taking other work at Auburn took 
one or more courses in religious drama. Instruction was given 
in principles of educational dramatic method, pageant direc- 
tion, music and religious drama, history of religious drama. 


Other Projects 


The Department has cooperated in the work of a “Con- 
ference on Economic Factors in International Relations” on 
which are also representatives of The National Catholic Wel- 
fare Conference and the Central Conference of American 
Rabbis. This conference is engaged in a study of economic 
causes of war and international friction and rivalry and has 
made a study of these factors in the relations of Mexico and 
the United States. The Executive Secretary, Mr. Edward 
W. Evans, Secretary of the Social Order Committee of the 
Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of Friends, made a study of 
the employee representation plan in some of the shops of the 
Pennsylvania Railroad, which was undertaken at the sugges- 
tion of a vice- president of the corporation and carried on 
with the fullest cooperation of the management. It was pub- 
lished as a number of the INFORMATION SERVICE. The Execu- 
tive Secretary gave assistance in the preparation of the report 
on “The Church and Industry” for the Universal Christian Con- 
ference on Life and Work and the report on “Ethical Forces 
in Advancing Standards in Industry” of a committee of the 
annual Conference of Social Work. In cooperation with the 
American Association of Social Hygiene a study of the ma- 
terials and methods needed by church agencies in dealing with 
sex education is being made. A new bibliography on social 
problems is being compiled. 

WILLIAM ADAMS Brown, 
Chairman 
F, ERNEST JOHNSON, 
Executive Secretary 


COMMITTEE ON RELATIONS WITH THE 
EASTERN CHURCHES 


The forming of a Committee on Relations with the Eastern 
Churches was authorized by the Executive Committee at the 
meeting last year in Columbus. The Committee has entered 
into friendly correspondence with many of the leaders of the 
Eastern Churches. Dr. James I. Vance of the Presbyterian 
Church in the United States, and Dr. William C. Emhardt of 
the Episcopal Church were commissioned to represent the 
Committee and visited the countries of Eastern Europe and 
Western Asia during the spring and summer, holding friendly 
conferences with many of the leaders in the churches there. 

Many meetings of the Committee have been held and we feel 
that definite advance has been made in the understanding of 
the problems and opportunities involved in the development of 
closer relations with the Eastern Churches. 

At the meeting of the Executive Committee of the Council 
last year distinguished representatives of the Armenian 
Church, the Greek Church and the Jerusalem Patriarchate 
were present as friendly visitors and by their presence did 
much to interpret the spirit of their churches and their desire 
for larger fellowship with the Churches of the West. 


Rt. Rev. CHarrtes H. Brent, 
Chairman. 


GrEorGE R. MONTGOMERY, 
Secretary. 


70 


COMMITTEE ON RELIGIOUS WORK ON THE 
CANAL ZONE 


The success of the Union Church on the Canal Zone is 
more than justifying an important decision made by the men 
and women who organized the church during the construction 
of the Canal. That decision was that the people who lived in 
the Zone would be better served by one strong Union Church 
than by many small denominational missions. The officers of 
foreign and home missionary societies concurred in this de- 
cision. As a result, the majority of Protestants worship with 
the four congregations, one each at Cristobal, Gatun, Pedro 
Miguel and Balboa, which congregations together constitute 
the Union Church. 

From the beginning the Union Church has been self-sus- 
taining so far as the ministries of the church to the communi- 
ties by the Canal is concerned. Not only has this been the 
case, but the Union Church contributes $1,800 a year to main- 
tain a missionary to the Panamanians at David, Panama. 

To secure adequate equipment in church buildings it has 
been necessary for the church to appeal to individuals and to 
the churches in the United States. In order that assurance 
might be given to contributors that the ministry of the church 
would be evangelical in character, the request was made by the 
Union Church and those with whom the officers conferred that 
an arrangement be made by which the Federal Council of the 
Churches of Christ in America would act for the several inter- 
ested denominational bodies in accordance with the following 
resolution: 

“BE IT RESOLVED: 1. That the Federal Council of the Churches 
of Christ in America through the Administrative Committee hereby 
creates and appoints a Committee of Fifteen persons to have advisory 
relations with the Union Church in the Canal Zone, who shall ex- 
press the judgment of the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ 
in America as regards the changes which may be made in the pas- 
toral relations and in the selection of suitable persons for pastorates 
in the Union Church in the Canal Zone and shall otherwise counsel 
and advise the church in the conduct of its affairs; and 

“2. That the Treasurer of the Federal Council of the Churches of 
Christ in America be and hereby is authorized to accept a deed or 
other conveyance of leasehold or in fee simple of the property ac- 
quired by the Union Church in the Canal Zone and reconvey, if in 
its judgment it is desirable, the same to the church in the Canal Zone, 
or to its trustees or legal representatives, with revisionary clauses 
conditioned upon the maintenance of religious services by the said 
church under suitable conditions which safeguard donations, bequests 
oe investments in the property, and in the maintenance of the church; 
an 

“3. That the above mentioned committee have power to determine 
the terms and conditions on which the transfers may be made and the 


171 


172 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


work of the church shall be conducted, provided, however, that by this 

action no financial obligations are assumed by the Federal Council 

of the Churches of Christ in America. | 

“VOTED: To instruct the Committee, in case legal difficulties 
should be found, to carry out the work or to carry out that part of 
the program not involved in trusteeship.” 

This resolution was adopted by the Administrative Com- 
mittee of the Federal Council on December 17, 1920, with the 
approval also of representatives of the Home Missions Coun- 
cil. A Trust Agreement was prepared by Mr. Henry W. Jessup 
which has been signed by the officers of the Union Church, of 
the Federal Council and of the denominational boards. 

The first task of the Committee on Religious Work on the 
Canal Zone, appointed according to the above resolution, was 
to secure funds to complete the erection of the commodious 
church building at Cristobal. In addition to funds secured 
from individuals, the following grants were made by mission- 
ary boards: 

The Foreign Missions Board of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church, $7,500; the Home Missions Board of the Methodist 
Episcopal Church, $7,500; the Church Erection Board of the 
Presbyterian Church, U. S. A., $10,000; the Congregational 
Church Building Society, $5,000; the Foreign Mission Board 
of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, $2,000. 

The money thus obtained made it possible to complete the 
building in Cristobal but not to finish the interior and to fur- 
nish it. Little by little the members of the congregation have 
been doing this. Just now an effort is being made to do what 
needs to be done for the building in the hope that some one 
in the States will give $4,000 for a memorial organ. 

At Balboa the first story of a church had been erected at a 
cost of $30,000. During three years efforts have been made 
to secure $70,000 with which to complete the building. About 
$50,000 in cash and pledges has been realized by these efforts. 
Of this amount the following named sums have been granted 
by the missionary boards: 


Congregational Church Building Society .......... $5,000 
Home Missions Board of the Methodist Episcopal 
Ghrarebats dicta ity PRR aa Picea ek 5,000 
Foreign Missions Board of the Methodist Episco- 
pale Church iieiidele. Hee. NE Bay ee ORs craked 5,000 
Board of Foreign Missions of the Methodist Episco- 
paliGhurch 4South (8. gf utd oor eae be: 3,000 
The Church Erection Board of the Presbyterian 
Church e US iicAcaried . Sek catia ere ener ee cere 10,000 
Domestic Board of Missions of the Reformed 
Ghureh iin Ameéricays(1,:0i Jez. eee es eit cals tel el 1,000 
Church Erection Board of the United Presbyterian 
Gharchdoyticn. Adil ca ii iiciesis Dann rata erated a 'cGada 1,500 





RELIGIOUS WORK ON THE CANAL ZONE 173 


Because of the unfinished condition of the Balboa building 
and because of the needs of the community, the Committee 
has instructed the officers of the Balboa congregation to go 
forward with the construction of the building, though only 
about three-fourths of the funds needed for completing the 
work are as yet given and pledged. Every effort will be made 
to secure the amount still needed, that the work may not be 
stopped until all is completed. 

The building committee has employed as architect Mr. A. 
W. Allen, who was the architect of the two Y. M. C. A. 
buildings in the Canal Zone which are just being completed 
at a cost of $425,000. 

The congregation at Gatun worships in a lodge building. 
The government will permit the erection of a church on a well 
located lot as soon as money can be secured. An adequate 
church for this congregation could be erected for about $25,000. 
Here, beside these great locks of the Canal, is a splendid 
place for some patriotic Christian to erect a fine memorial 
church. 

The Pedro Miguel congregation has a frame church building 
which will no doubt do for the present, though entirely in- 
adequate. The committee hopes that during the next four 
years churches worthy of American Protestantism will be 
erected at both the Pedro Miguel and Gatun locks. 

The Union Church has a parsonage in each community. 
These parsonages are furnished so that the pastors do not 
need to bring much with them from the States. 

As an indication of the interdenominational character of the 
Union Church one needs only to note that the pastors are from 
different denominations. The pastor in Balboa is the Reverend 
Albert R. Brown, Congregationalist; in Cristobal, the Rev- 
erend A. B. Boynton, Reformed Church in America; in Pedro 
Miguel, the Reverend F. Merle Townsend, Methodist. Gatun 
has a temporary supply. 

The church is ably assisted by the secretaries of the Y. M. 
C. A. and the Y. W. C. A., not only through the personal 
participation in the work of the church but also by the service 
throughout the week which is rendered by the Associations. 
The relationship of these organizations is most delightful, 
each supplementing the other in Christian ministry. The Sec- 
retary of the American Bible Society assists in the same way. 


Be, “OLCOTT, 
Chairman. 


Roy B. GuItp, 
Secretary. 


COMMITTEE ON THE WAR AND THE RELIGIOUS 
OUTLOOK > 


“Many interdenominational committees and organizations 
have been formed to do things. Here is one that has been 
brought together solely to study. Its members are convinced 
that the churches need, first of all, to do serious thinking and 
need to think together.” 

This statement, made by the publishers of the Reports of 
the Committee of the War and Religious Outlook suggests 
clearly and concisely the peculiar significance of this Com- 
mittee. 

The history and activity of the Committee since it began its 
work at the close of the war were presented so fully at the 
quadrennial meeting of the Federal Council last December that 
it is unnecessary to do more than refer to them here. At that 
time the Committee had produced and published (in addition 
to the comprehensive bibliography on the War and Religion, 
and a series of brief monographs under the general heading 
“The Religious Outlook”) three important volumes, all repre- 
senting a body of collective thinking carried on by the thirty 
members of the Committee and several score of other men and 
women whom the Committee had associated with itself in 
making its studies. 

The first of these reports entitled “Religion Among Amer- 
ican Men, As Revealed by a Study of the Conditions in the 
Army,’ undertook to bring together the experience of a large 
number of Chaplains and others who had been in intimate 
touch with the cross section of our American manhood which 
was found in the army, and under these revealing conditions 
had the opportunity of gaining new insights into the religious 
habits and convictions of the men whom the church js seeking 
to reach. 

The second volume dealt with “The Missionary Outlook in 
the Light of the War.’ It endeavored to survey the, develop- 
ments in each of the more important mission fields following 
the war, and to reinterpret the whole missionary movement in 
the light of the new world horizon created by the experience 
of the war. 

The third volume, and the one which has attracted most 
widespread attention, dealt with “The Church and Industrial 
Reconstruction.” The aim of this study was, first of all, to 
secure agreement as to what are the fundamental Christian 
principles which are to be applied to modern industrial rela- 
tionship and to use these principles as a standard for judging 


174 


WAR AND THE RELIGIOUS OUTLOOK 175 


all existing conditions. The volume has so commended itself 
to the churches and to Christian organizations that it has been 
used widely as a textbook for bible classes, Y. W. C. A. and 
Y. M. C. A. groups and is still in large demand. 

Two further volumes have been brought out during the 
present quadrennium completing the work of the Committee. 
The first of these was “Christian Unity, Its Principles and 
Possibilities’ which appeared early in 1921. Including as it 
does a careful analysis of the present situation, a study of the 
historical background from which it has come and an outline 
of what appears to be the path of advance, this volume has 
been generally regarded as the most thoroughgoing treatment 
of the subject now available. 

As indicative of the attention with which the report has 
been received even in other lands an editorial in the influential 
“Baptist Times,” the official organ of the British Baptists is 
worth quoting: 

“Tt may be said at once that it gives the most complete account 
in existence of what is actually being done in America for the 
cause of Christian unity along the various lines of administrative, 
federal and organic union. The difficulties, real and imaginary, 
are faced in a spirit of engaging frankness and the possibilities 
are sketched with a bold hand. . . . For courage, clear-headedness, 
exquisite justice and unconquerable optimism this volume stands 
alone. Most of the reports that are issued nowadays should be 
kept by the bedside—they are admirable sleeping-draughts; but 
this report, once it gets into the blood, will keep men very much 
awake.” 

The final volume in the series, “The Teaching Work of the 
Church,” appeared at the end of 1923. It undertakes to sur- 
vey in a comprehensive way the churches’ task of Christian 
education as a whole and to give special attention at every 
point to the development of a more unified educational pro- 
gram by the Church. Its discussion of the process of secular- 
ization which has been taking place in public education in 
America and the new responsibility which this throws upon 
the Church has been regarded as one of the most important 
contributions made in recent years to the Church’s thinking on 
its educational task. 

The work of the Committee has given fresh emphasis to the 
fact that nothing is more needed in the Churches than a con- 
tinuous process of collective thinking and inquiry such as has 
been carried on in a few fields by the Committee on the War 
and the Religious Outlook. The recent development of the 
Department of Research and Education in the Federal Council, 


176 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


it is hoped, will make possible the fulfillment during future 
years of the ideal to which the Committee on the War and 
the Religious Outlook during the period immediately following 
the War has tried to make a modest contribution. 
WILLIAM ADAMS Brown, 
Chairman, 
SAMUEL McCrEA CAVERT, 
Secretary 


GENERAL COMMITTEE ON ARMY AND NAVY 
CHAPLAINS 


The General Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains, or- 
ganized for the purpose of cooperating with the War and 
Navy Departments in providing spiritual ministry for soldiers 
and sailors, has throughout the quadrennium continued its ef- 
fort not only to secure properly equipped Chaplains to repre- 
sent the churches, but also to secure such legislation and regu- 
lations as would enable Chaplains to do the most effective work. 

The outstanding achievement of the Committee was chron- 
icled in the close of the last quadrennium when, on July 15th, 
1920, definite provision was made in the Army Re-organiza- 
tion Act for a Chaplains’ Bureau and for one Chaplain for 
every 1200 officers and enlisted men. This legislation, secured 
only after most strenuous effort on the part of the Committee, 
gave a definite status to the Chaplains, such as they had not 
previously enjoyed, established in the Army the Office of Chief 
of Chaplains, and fixed definitely the ratio of Chaplains pro- 
viding for a total of 250 for the enlisted strength of the Army 
as provided in that act. It at once became the duty of the 
General Committee to find the quota of suitable Chaplains 
from the Protestant Churches. These were being rapidly 
found and a total of 98 new Chaplains were selected and ap- 
pointed. In the midst, however, of the efforts to recruit the 
Chaplaincy to the full number, Congress proposed a most 
drastic cut in the number of Chaplains, far greater proportion- 
ately than in any other branch of the service. One proposal 
before Congress would have reduced the Chaplains from 187 to 
103. The Committee strongly urged that the number be not 
reduced below 126 and that the reduction be by process of 
absorption rather than immediate elimination from the service. 
A compromise was effected and action taken by Congress 
reduced the number of Chaplains to 125, the elimination of 
62 to be accomplished by January, 1923. 


Since this reduction in the number of Chaplains of the Army 
it has been made very clear that while the ratio of one Chap- 
lain to every 1200 officers and enlisted men might be sufficient 
in a mobilized army a larger ratio is needed adequately to meet 
the needs of the enlisted men scattered in small units. There 
are a number of regular posts and stations for which no Chap- 
lains are provided and at which no assignments have been made 
for months past. There are even whole regiments in large 
camps that have no Chaplain and are dependent upon Chap- 


177 


178 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


lains from other units for religious ministry. There are also 
large posts where two or more Chaplains should be assigned 
but for which only one is available. A careful study of all 
the facts shows that with the present strength and distribution 
of the Army there is absolute need for a ratio of one Chaplain 
for every 800 enlisted men or a total of approximately 170 
Chaplains in order that every soldier of the Army, wherever 
stationed, may have opportunity to receive the personal coun- 
sel, guidance and services of a Chaplain. 

The Chaplain has been discriminated against in other re- 
spects, especially in the matter of years of service required to 
reach certain grades and in the grades to which he is eligible. 
A proposal was drawn up by the General Committee on Army 
and Navy Chaplains to meet the need for this increased ratio 
and to remove discriminations under which the Chaplains have 
been laboring. Hearings were had in Congress as to reasons 
for this legislation. We believe it would have passed the last 
Congress but for the tie up that came in the closing days of the 
session. It is expected that this legislation will again be brought 
forward at the opening of the next Congress. 

There are at present 124 regular army chaplains distributed 
among the various denominations as follows: 


Badusty tiene sac an ae sore 17 Protestant Episcopal ....... 9 
Daptist, Colored ts eccave see 2 Presbyterian Cumberland.... 1 
Congrégational iy kdb. 9 Roman)iGathohic;*). asi. . eien 21 
Disciples of Christ ......... 8 Re tenmed:oido dias hain anaeioe 2 
Lartheran «Ua cui, cudauis a 7, LNIVERSalistitlag as curate oe 2 
Methodist Episcopal ........ 28 Unitarian ifiate: «eer sean ee 2 
Methodist Episcopal, Colored 1 Evangelicals), 2%, eine sles 1 
Methodist Protestant ....... 1 — 
Presbyterian | \..aci uso Gee. 13 pL otal i licel cies ont ger eeee 124 


Chaplains’ Conferences 


A number of valuable conferences have been held both in 
the Second and Third Corps Areas. Conferences in the Sec- 
ond Corps Area under the leadership of Rev. Charles S. Mac- 
farland, General Secretary of the Federal Council of Churches, 
have been especially fruitful in bringing about closer relation- 
ships between Chaplains of the component parts of the Army, 
namely, Regular, National Guard and Reserve Corps. Dr. 
Macfarland has given very freely and largely of his time to 
the various problems that have arisen in connection with the 
steady development of the Chaplaincy. 

Possibly the most outstanding conference was that called by 
the Secretary of War to which he invited religious leaders 
from the various denominations to confer with Chaplains con- 
cerning more effective spiritual ministry for enlisted men. 


ARMY AND NAVY CHAPLAINS 179 


Office of the Chief Chaplain of the Army 


Under the efficient and careful administration of Colonel 
John T. Axton, Chief Chaplain of the Army, there has been 
the clearest vindication for establishing the office of the Chief 
of Chaplains and for giving him a staff of assistants. There has 
been a steady unifying of purpose on the part of Chaplains and 
more and more definite statement of objectives before them. 
There has been a steady raising of the standards of personnel 
so that the Corps is now composed of men of judgment, vision, 
imagination, courage and devotion. 


Reserve Corps 


The General Committee has been called upon to pass upon 
the qualifications, from the standpoint of the churches, of min- 
isters desiring to become Chaplains in the Reserve Corps. Two 
classes of men have been called for, namely, first, outstanding 
leaders of the Church through whom vital connections might 
be established between the Churches and the men of the Army; 
and second, young men of such qualifications as might make 
them suitable for field service in case of emergency or ap- 
pointment as Regular Army Chaplains whenever appointments 
are resumed. The total number now in the Reserve Corps is 
957, an increase of 172 during the past year. These Reserve 
Corps Chaplains have been appointed so as to cover the various 
denominations and distribution among the denominations is as 
follows: 


- Denomination Total Denomination Total 
BSADUISULS aire tee cee ee 117 ELeSPVLELiauin eae tiem cence 126 
MNTIStAN | We ey swith s Cetuhs ane 10 Protestant Episcopal ...... 135 
Christiany-Science’)..cs'4. ses 6 Reformed in America...... 7 
Ghiren note Crist: ck eon 3 Reformed in the U. S..... 9 
Gongereratonal wive ccs tec: 43 Roman t@atholig i, aul sl. 34 196 
DSCIDICST encaca ts ce tee tate ay) ya VA LIOH AAA SAIL sa t's aie on als 4 
ELVANWElICAry tise sella lL seeete 5 Unitarian ae er. veer oo’. 11 
Téwishisiitteasd joer bie 13 United Brethren ........... 4 
Pertt esas Aer A bs oye 40 Universalist tas. Gita 5 
PA GED OCU tra nc elie ca tata 9 Caveats 192 -— 

957 


There has been no diminution in the interest of prominent 
clergymen of all denominations in the Chaplains’ Section of 
the Officers’ Reserve Corps. They have responded to calls of 
service at places where, except for their voluntary co-opera- 
tion, no religious ministry would be available. They have acted 
as members of important boards and committees and in con- 
nection with helpful conferences. Sixty-seven served in the 
training camps during the past summer. 


180 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


The Chaplains’ School 


The Chaplains’ School has become a definitely recognized 
part of the Army system. Its curriculum has been extended 
as has also the length of time spent in taking its course. After 
being located at Fort Wayne for two years it has been removed 
to, and we hope definitely provided for, at Fort Leavenworth, 
Kansas. Here the facilities for instruction and for practical 
work are the finest that the army affords. A section of the 
school is devoted to the development of the Correspondence 
Course for Chaplains and another to the promotion of the 
traveling libraries of selected books which have special rela- 
tion to the professional duties of Chaplains. The course of 
instruction covers a period of three months. Two sessions of 
the school were held during the year 1924 and twenty-two 
Regular Army Chaplains completed the full course and two 


Chaplains of the Officers’ Reserve Corps pursued a special 
course. 


Regulations Concerning Chaplains 


Under authorization of the Secretary of War, a codification 
of the regulations pertaining to Chaplains has been published. 
It indicates an intention to provide as adequately as may be 


possible for the moral and religious life of the military per- 
sonnel. 


Salient features of the new regulations are the freeing of 
Chaplains from many burdensome extra-professional duties 
which at times have been assigned to them. They are no 
longer available for such services as post exchange officers or 
as counsel for the defense in courts-martial. The Chaplain is 
given a definite place on the staff of the commanding officer, 
with responsibility for matters of a religious and moral nature. 
Several assistants, both lay and clerical, are provided for and 
provision is made for the use of certain non-appropriated local 
funds to employ supply clergymen when Chaplains are not 
available. In these regulations Chaplains are directed to 
“Serve as friends, counsellors and guides, without discrimina- 
tion, to all members of the command to which they are as- 
signed, regardless of creed or sect.” Broadly defined their 
duties are stated as being closely analogous to those performed 
by clergymen in civilian life, modified only by the peculiar 
conditions attaching to military life and especially by the 
necessity that each Chaplain shall, so far as practicable, serve 
the moral and religious needs of the entire personnel of the 
command to which he is assigned, either through his own 
personal services or through the cooperative efforts of others. 


ARMY AND NAVY CHAPLAINS 181 


Vital Statistics 


The report of the Chief of Chaplains of the Army for 1924 
gives the following vital statistics: 
Number of 


Nature of Service Services Attendance 
WAGSS he se acne od ee eae soa bie cede WARE dk cE edote 1,891 141,620 
PON OCICE LOT amu tree iaral ark Alecase = cicta bina erutare bab dh stig 6 in oe 67 4,775 
Morning services, Protestant .............000- 3,838 348,660 
Evening services, General ..........ccescseees 3,399 519,394 
SSI VOTO Lia eat ethene crate aeatediune Gall 4,010 175,032 
Biblevtciaes peecsiOusse dies tec ces te heute 200 13,134 
Gtiard 7 FiOUse Wal cle ict eae a fa oh wintata ates 658 20,100 
Hospital, other than station or general......... 105 2,991 
Wome tea ple sri. Hees iets rte ee ak vase » tte 17 2173 
WCRI Orie eG ta MPN otd OL eid sid cnet ne NS 1,499 110,994 
Oa Ee GO On CGi RU Ns eT NE ans 15,684 1,339,473 
A hPLC R AN eT i olla dia hd dared oY suede li diaieke ho eave ad 566 
REAVCISS Mee ee Payee eg ee a ea wa he 722 
PMUCTAISIC STA ASR ne hin tis Cn le ie ole cat foe tle nlaehon 924 


Average attendance of each person in the military 
establishment during 1924 


American Cemeteries in France 


Throughout the quadrennium representatives of the Com- 
mittee have annually visited the American cemeteries in 
France. In 1922 a special Commission consisting of Rev. 
Charles E. Jefferson, Rev. Chauncey W. Goodrich, Rev. 
Charles S. Macfarland (Reserve Corps Chaplain), visited | 
these cemeteries. A report was rendered to the General Com- 
mittee in which the Commission expressed the warmest com- 
mendation of the work of the American Graves Registration 
Service in Paris. They stated that it was especially gratifying 
to find the Chaplains who represent the Churches of the United 
States participating in this Graves Registration Service, and 
recommended that Chaplains be associated in the permanent 
care of these cemeteries and that Memorial Day services under 
the auspices of the Federal Council be held annually in the 
cemeteries in behalf of the American churches and people. 


Navy Chaplains 


At the beginning of this quadrennium Captain Evan W. 
Scott was appointed Head of the Chaplains’ Division of the 
Navy. Under Chaplain Scott’s administration there has been 
steady development and growth of ideals of efficiency and 
service among Chaplains of the Navy. 


There has not as yet been definite legislation establishing the 


182 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


office of Chief Chaplain of the Navy and there appears to be 
decided need for re-organization of the Chaplains Corps. Such 
legislation is pending in Congress and has the careful attention 
and cooperation of the General Committee on Army and Navy 
Chaplains. 

The law provides for a total of 150 Chaplains in the Navy, 
an ample number, but, until recently, appropriations have been 
made for little more than half that number. More than a year 
ago definite action was secured by which provision was made 
for an increase in the number from 83 to 100. After most 
strenuous efforts for a period of fifteen months, however, there 
has been no net increase but instead a loss of one in the total 
number of Chaplains. We cannot express too forcefully our 
regret at this failure to secure equipped men to render spiritual 
ministry to the enlisted personnel of the Navy. At present 
there are 20,000 of the men in the Navy who are without coun- 
sel, advice and spiritual ministry of the Chaplain and this 
because properly equipped men have not come forward in 
response to the call for Chaplains in the Navy and made ap- 
plication for commission. It is painful to think that this failure 
to secure Chaplains for the Navy may be due either to unwill- 
ingness on the part of the church to give their finest young 
men to this service, or, on the part of young ministers to invest 
their lives in such service. The men who are enlisted in the 
service of the Navy will, in a few years as a rule, return to the 
home communities from which they enlisted. Their value as 
they return is largely dependent upon the religious ministry 
they receive while in the service. Men who lack such religious 
service during the period of their enlistment are not likely, on 
returning to their communities, to be of value to the churches 
to which they return. 

From the ministers’ standpoint, there are sacrifices in the 
Chaplaincy of the Navy. He is called upon to be removed 
some times for long periods from home and home ties. He is 
cut off to some extent from association with his brethren of the 
ministry. In many respects he stands alone. On board ship 
he is without the backing of an official board. He must work 
out his own plans. We believe the true conception of the call 
to preach includes willingness to serve where there is need, 
whether at home or abroad, and there is a clear need in the 
Chaplaincy. Indeed, the call for Chaplains is a Macedonian 
cry. 

We would through this report urge upon the leadership of 
the churches the obligation and duty of providing religious 
ministrations to the men in the Army and Navy. 


ARMY AND NAVY CHAPLAINS 183 


The number of Chaplains at present in the regular navy is 
84, distributed as follows: 


Methodist Episcopal, South.. 8 Bantistiioouty tint, aches tet 6 
Methodist Episcopal, North.. 9 Protestant Episcopal ........ 10 
Presbyterian, North ........ 12 ea tOhGal Come acai cima, Reta 16 
United Presbyterian ........ 1 Congregational ic. woe. ween vs 3 
Cumberland Presbyterian ... 1 Deeathierstty 0h eee, eae si. uia' popas 2 
Disciple) Hewes. cos sv 9c6 ols 4 WShristtan OClencenre. be sd ese 1 
Christian erate: sch os dba es 2 IGIOLMCd ee a eee oes CoG 1 
Baptistiaontame aac. 6 cele as 8 _— 

Ota ae wees Fes. shu a4 


Circulating Libraries 


During this quadrennium the General Committee has been 
constantly emphasizing the importance of circulating libraries 
for Chaplains of both the Army and the Navy. 

In 1923 Chaplain Scott, Chief Chaplain of the Navy, secured 
an appropriation which enabled him to purchase a number of 
well selected books to form the nucleus of a circulating library 
for the Navy. Numerous contributions have been received 
from various sources until the number of volumes totals over 
425. It is planned to keep this up-to-date and requisition for 
recent books has been submitted. The library is established 
in the office of the Chief Chaplain with branch office on the 
flagship, United States Battle Fleet, for use of Chaplains in 
that fleet and at stations on Pacific Coast. 

Chaplain Axton, Chief Chaplain of the Army, through 
requisition to the War Department store-house, secured quite 
a number of suitable books for the formation of a circulating 
library for the Chaplains of the Army. To these books have 
been added many contributions and the library is steadily in- 
creasing both in the number of books and the number of sub- 
scribers and we believe in usefulness to those who use the 
books. This library is located at the Chaplains’ School. 


Chaplains Assigned for Post Graduate Study 


The Navy Department approved the recommendation made 
by Chaplain Scott that a limited number of Chaplains be as- 
signed to Universities for post graduate study and during 1923 
and 1924 this plan has been followed and proven more success- 
ful than anticipated. The University authorities have been 
most cordial and sympathetic in their attitude toward the 
Chaplains and commend the plan as having real constructive 
value for the Corps. 


184 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Armistice Day Services 


The General Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains, rep- 
resenting the Federal Council, secured the first period, eight 
A.M., of tribute to the unknown representative soldier lying 
in state in the rotunda of the Capitol, November 10th, 1921. 
Throughout that entire day there was a constant stream of 
representatives of national and other organizations passing 
through the rotunda of the Capitol and reverently paying 
tribute to the unknown dead. We deem it especially fitting that 
the first of these processions was that of the General Commit- 
tee, representing the Federal Council of Churches and that the 
first floral offering placed upon the bier of the unknown dead 
was placed by the Federal Council; the first prayer offered 
was that of Bishop William F. McDowell, and the first tribute 
paid, that of Dr. William Adams Brown. 


National Memorial 


The General Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains has 
proposed a National Memorial for the Chaplains who fell in 
the service. It is proposed that the Memorial shall take the 
form of a Chapel and be solely for worship and not in any 
sense a general institutional or recreational center. While it 
would be premature now to outline plans proposed, it might be 
said that a worthy memorial is contemplated, which shall be 
in such form and location as will render a continuing service 
to enlisted men and especially to those who suffered casualties 
in the War. 


Re-Organization of the General Committee 


Definite plans for the re-organization of the General Com- 
mittee have been decided upon and the following action taken: 


“VOTED: That the General Committee shall be composed of rep- 
resentatives from the various cooperating denominations, three from 
each denomination—appointed officially by the denomination itself. In 
case such appointment is not made by any denomination the General 
Committee shall have the authority and power to select representa- 
tives from the denomination that thus fails to appoint. There shall 
also be representatives on the General Committee on Army and Navy 
Chaplains, chosen by reason of their interest in the Army or Navy 
and possible interest in the General Committee itself, these members 
not to exceed one-third of the total church appointees. There shall 
also be five persons representing the Army in its various branches and 
also be five persons representing the Navy. These also to be selected 
by the General Committee.” 


This re-organization has not as yet been fully perfected. 


ARMY AND NAVY CHAPLAINS 185 


Scope of the General Committee’s Mission 


It is our earnest conviction that the work of the General 
Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains in behalf of spiritual 
ministry for soldiers and sailors is not completed when these 
soldiers and sailors are discharged from the service but must 
continue for the disabled throughout the entire period of their 
care in various hospitals and not only throughout the period of 
rehabilitation but until welcomed and reestablished in their 
home communities. The Committee has, therefore, during this 
quadrennium turned its attention with some degree of progress 
toward the securing of Chaplains for all Veterans’ Hospitals 
and the standardizing of the Chaplaincies in these Hospitals. 
A tender has been made of the facilities of the Committee in 
cooperation with the United States Veterans’ Bureau in secur- 
ing the cooperation of the churches and pastors in welcoming 
rehabilitated veterans to their communities and in securing 
employment for them. 

The Committee has urged the necessity for an incidental 
fund for Chaplains and has striven to secure an appropriation 
of at least $300 for each Chaplain, per annum, from the denom- 
inations to be used in this way. 

We believe that Congress should make an annual appropria- 
tion of an adequate sum for such purpose; until that time, 
however, it is both the duty and privilege of the different de- 
nominations to support the work of their Chaplains at least to 
the extent indicated of $300 each per annum, and we would 
recommend that such appropriation continue until the other 
provision is made. 

Some of the immediate objectives before the Committee are 
that none of the ground gained be lost; that there be tying up 
and increase of efficiency in many of the achievements stated 
above. We must go forward definitely in the securing of legis- 
lation for Chaplains of both the Army and Navy that will 
make it possible for them to do their best work and that will 
give an adequate number of Chaplains to meet the needs of 
all the men wherever stationed. 

The General Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains be- 
lieves that the church has a very special mission to these young 
men who are without the influence and help of home or church. 

1. We record the conviction that a sufficient number of 
chaplains should be provided, or such additional definite provi- 
sion made by arrangement with reserve chaplains or other 
pastors, so that every post or ship shall be cared for and every 
soldier and sailor shall have a pastor to whom he may look for 
ready help. 


186 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


We urge that the War and Navy Departments also effect 
such provision as shall enable the Saute to render unim- 
peded service. 


2. We note with satisfaction that it is the definitely declared 
policy of the government to relieve the chaplains of certain 
extra-pastoral duties, so that they may give their entire time, 
strength and service to their religious duties and only to such 
others as contribute thereto. 

The chaplain’s office is unique and distinct and should be 
kept free from anything that would detract from his moral and 
spiritual ministry and all other relations to the army and navy 
should be subordinated to this. His primary commission 1s 
that of the church. 


3. We would report that no pastor applying for a Reserve 
Commission, approved by his denominational committee, has 
ever been refused a commission or dismissed from the service 
because he had claimed liberty of speech and action as a citi- 
zen, and on one special occasion when this question was raised 
it was decided in favor of the chaplain’s assertion of those 
rights. 

We have received with especial appreciation the following 
emphatic word of the Secretary of War: 

“A Reserve Officer, except when on active duty, is not subject 
to the Articles of War which govern the Armies of the United 
States, and it is not, and never has been, the policy of the War 
Department to prevent, in any manner, the expression of his 
views, or to limit his activities.” 

This statement is in accord with the Constitution of the 
United States which clearly guarantees such freedom to all 
citizens and we understand that a pastor accepting a Reserve 
Chaplaincy in no way renounces his freedom as a citizen or as 
a preacher. 

Inasmuch, however, as this does not appear to be fully 
understood by all officers of the Army, we propose to suggest 
that the Secretary of War make this clear to all officers in 
charge of this matter. 


4. We are gratified to record that pastors who are reserve 
chaplains have given their services to meet the exigency cre- 
ated by an insufficient number of regular chaplains. It is our 
judgment that reserve chaplains should be carefully chosen 
with great concern for the selection of well-balanced men who 
will fulfill the conditions we have indicated for all chaplains 
as to their opportunity and duties as chaplains. 


5. We are in accord with the judgment of such leaders in 
the Army as General John F. O’Ryan, that the chaplains are 


ARMY AND NAVY CHAPLAINS 187 


constituted by experience to seek every constructive way by 
which the world may secure justice without war and we are 
pleased to observe that on Armistice Day many outstanding 
chaplains gave evidence of this earnest desire. We note that 
several reserve chaplains are members of the Commission on 
International Justice and Goodwill and that the Navy Depart- 
ment has sympathetically named representatives including its 
chief chaplain to participate in conferences looking toward the 
outlawry of war. 


6. We have received with deep appreciation the reports of 
the Chief of Chaplains of the Army and the Chief Chaplain 
of the Navy concerning the work of the chaplains and the re- 
sponse of the men to whom they minister. 


7. We suggest that, in conference with the Chiefs of Chap- 
lains, the General Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains 
name members on an Advisory Board which might be com- 
posed of pastors who are Reserve Chaplains, to be associated 
with similar representatives of other bodies, to confer from 
time to time on such issues as may arise. Such a board would 
be in position to consider matters from the points of view of 
both the church and the chaplains. 

It is advisable that responsibility for carrying out the wishes 
of the churches be placed upon the chaplains corps itself and 
that it should be done with due patience and with sympathy 
for all the interests concerned. 


Witt1AmM F. McDow.ELt, 
Chairman. 
E. O. Watson, 


Secretary. 


EDITORIAL COUNCIL OF THE RELIGIOUS 
PRESS 


The Editorial Council of the Religious Press, organized 
towards the close of the preceding quadrennium for the pur- 
pose of bringing the editors of religious publications into closer 
and more helpful relations with one another, has met annually 
during the quadrennium and held its last meeting in Columbus, 
December 13-14, 1923, attended by about twenty-five editors. 
Other informal meetings of the editors in the vicinity of New 
York and of those around Chicago have been held at different 
times. 

The meetings of the past year have been devoted chiefly to 
a discussion of the wisdom of undertaking a survey of the 
present status and problems of the religious press, with a view 
to reaching constructive conclusions as to ways in which the 
position of the religious press could be strengthened. The 
following resolutions on the recommendation of the Editorial 
Council was adopted by the Executive Committee of the Fed- 
eral Council last year: 

VOTED: That in view of the vital place of the religious press 
in the life of the church and the importance of a wider dis- 
semination of religious information and in response to a request 
from the Editorial Council of the Religious Press, that the Federal 
Council undertake during the coming year to make a survey of 
the present status of the religious press, its points of strength, 
weakness, and needs, together with constructive suggestions for 
advance, we recommend that such a survey be provided for by 
the Administrative Committee, if, after further conference with 
editors and publishers of the religious press, it is clear that such 
a survey is generally desired and would receive the cordial coop- 
eration of the editors. 

A tentative outline of the projected survey has been drafted 
and its general character approved by the Western section of 
the religious press. Up to the present time, however, the sur- 
vey has not been begun. The chief obstacle has been the lack 
of sufficient financial resources in the Federal Council for mak- 
ing a thoroughgoing study, and a general feeling that there 
would be little value in trying to carry out the plan unless it 
were to be done in a large and effective way. There has also 
been some question as to whether some of the editors and pub- 
lishers were ready to give sufficient cooperation to warrant the 
Council in pressing the plan further at the present moment. 


E. C. WarEING, Chairman. 
FREDERICK LyncH, Vice-Chairman. 
Howarp B. Grose, Secretary. 

188 


THE TERCENTENARY OF THE HUGUENOT- 
WALLOONS IN AMERICA 


In 1922 the Federal Council of Churches instituted the 
Huguenot-Walloon New Netherland Commission, for the pur- 
pose of organizing a suitable memorial celebration of the 
coming of the first French and Belgian Huguenots to Amer- 
ica, under the flag of the Dutch West India Company, in the 
spring of 1624. The personnel of the Commission consisted 
partly of official representatives from the constituent bodies 
of the Federal Council, the Huguenot Societies throughout the 
country, and a number of historic and civic organizations, and 
partly of individuals interested in the historic as well as the 
religious significance of the Tercentenary, many of the latter 
bearing names distinguished in our colonial history and proud 
to recall their Huguenot origin and to participate in this com- 
memoration of the landing of their forefathers in the “New 
Netherlands.” Among these may be mentioned Mr. Robert W. 
de Forest, Chairman of the Commission and direct descendant 
of Jesse de Forest, organizer of the Huguenot-Walloon col- 
ony. The national and international import of the event cele- 
brated may be gauged from the fact that the President of the 
United States, the Queen of the Netherlands, the King of the 
Belgians, and the President of the French Republic accepted 
membership on the Commission as Honorary Chairmen. From 
the first, the keenest interest was aroused in Europe by the 
proposals of the Commission for the Tercentenary exercises, 
and popular sympathy was deeply stirred in the countries 
from which the Huguenot settlers sprang. 


Government Recognition 


The national and patriotic interest attached to the Tercente- 
nary as being the anniversary of a most interesting event in 
our Colonial history, has been commemorated by our Govern- 
ment in two striking ways: by the issuance, first, of the 
Huguenot Half Dollar; and second, of the Huguenot-Walloon 
Tercentenary stamps, for which the Commission submitted the 
designs. In selecting subjects for these designs, the guiding 
thought was to include as much of the threefold significance 
of the anniversary as possible—religious, historic, and racial. 
The memorial coin shows on its obverse side the profiles of 
two great Huguenot leaders—William the Silent of Holland, 
and his friend and ally, Admiral Coligny, of France—both of 
whom were deeply interested in projects for the colonization 


189 


190 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


of the New World. The reverse bears the ship “Nieu Neder- 
land,” the sturdy Dutch vessel which carried the first boat-load 
of Huguenot-Walloons from their refuge in the Netherlands 
on that memorable voyage across the still little known and 
much feared ocean. Of the stamps, it is the green one-cent 
stamp which again displays the gallant little vessel and ac- 
knowledges the debt of gratitude which the Huguenots owed 
to the Netherlands for the protection they enjoyed there in 
the days of persecution. The red two-cent stamp is distinct- 
ively Walloon in spirit. It shows the landing of the Walloons 
at Albany (their first settlement), and will introduce to the 
public, which has had little knowledge of them heretofore, a 
new racial element in our colonial period. The drawing used 
as the basis for the design was found in an old history of New 
York, now many years out of print. Huguenot in character is 
the five-cent stamp, which will carry the message of the Ter- 
centenary around the world. On it is a drawing of the Ribaut 
monument at Mayport, Florida, whose dedication in the Ter- 
centenary year (May 2, 1924) was one of the outstanding 
features of the local celebrations. 


The Tercentenary Observances 


Sunday, April 27, 1924, was the opening date of the Hugue- 
not-Walloon New Netherland Tercentenary observances in this 
country. As the Huguenot-Walloons sought the New World, 
inspired by a religious motive, it was fitting that the exercises 
commemorating the 300th anniversary of their coming should 
be inaugurated by religious observances in the American 
churches. 

FLORIDA 


The initial civic functions of the Tercentenary took place at 
Mayport, Fla., on May 1, under the auspices of the Florida 
Daughters of the American Revolution. The occasion was the 
unveiling of the Ribaut Memorial, marking the spot at or near 
which landed the first Huguenot colonists, sent out by Ad- 
miral Coligny in 1562 under the command of Jean Ribaut, the 
first colonial enterprise to these shores of which any record 
has been preserved. 

The Florida Committee was fortunate in having present to 
unveil the monument Colonel William Gaspard de Coligny, 
whose distinguished ancestor, Gaspard de Coligny, was the 
originator of this colonial enterprise at “Ye Riuer Mai.” Rev. 
Georges Lauga officially represented the French Churches. 


TERCENTENARY OF THE HUGUENOT-WALLOONS 191 


SouTH CAROLINA 


The Tercentenary celebrations in South Carolina were con- 
ducted by the Huguenot Society of South Carolina. 

On May 3 the visitors were the guests of the officers of the 
South Carolina Huguenot Society. On Sunday morning a 
special service was held in the old Huguenot Church, at which 
M. Lauga preached the sermon and Dr. Macfarland and Rev. 
John Baer Stoudt assisted the pastor, Rev.°Florian Vurpillot, 
and the congregation joined in the singing of well known 
Huguenot hymns. 

Accompanied by nearly a score of the members of the 
Huguenot Society of South Carolina, the visiting delegation 
went to Parris Island, where a second colony established 
by Jean Ribaut in 1562. Its site was recently discovered by 
Col. John Millis, of the United States Army. Gen. Eli K. Cole, 
Commandant of the United States Marine Corps now stationed 
on the island, caused the structure to be excavated and the 
great cedar logs which formed the beams and uprights were 
found to be practically intact throughout. General Cole has 
had concrete markers set up over the old posts, serving the 
double purpose of preserving the logs from exposure and decay 
and showing plainly the outlines of the fort itself. It was to 
place the last marker, bearing a memorial tablet in brass, that 
the Tercentenary Commission and the various Huguenot soci- 
eties visited Parris Island and assisted at the ceremony of 
marking this historic spot which holds the remains of what is 
probably the oldest trace of the white man’s handiwork in this 
country. 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 


Sunday, May 11, was the date of the national memorial 
service in Washington, D. C. It took place in the Reformed 
Church of which President Roosevelt was a member, and was 
attended by Ambassador Jusserand, of France; Ambassador 
de Cartier, of Belgium, and Dr. A. D. C. de Graeff, Minister 
of the Netherlands, as well as many other representatives of 
official Washington. M. Lauga preached the sermon, and Dr. 
Hoyois and Mr. Stoudt assisted the pastor, Rev. Henry H. 
Ranck, in the service, and brought brief messages of greeting. 


VALLEY FORGE 


The Huguenot Society of Pennsylvania, as its share in the 
Tercentenary, arranged a special meeting at the Memorial 
Chapel at Valley Forge, Pa. The chief speakers were the two 
foreign guests, Rev. Georges Lauga, of France, and Rey. 


192 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Leonard Hoyois, who had in the meantime arrived from Bel- 
gium, representing the Belgian Churches and the municipality 
of Mons in the Province of Hainaut. 


Tue NEw YorkK PROGRAM 


_ The first event in the Tercentenary program of New York 
was the historical pilgrimage around Staten Island under the 
auspices of the Staten Island Historical Society and the Hol- 
land Society, held on Saturday, May 17. Sunday, May 18, 
brought two exceedingly interesting and inspiring services. 
First of all, 20 French athletes from the French Y. M. C. A. 
and four ladies from the French Y. W. C. A. undertook to 
duplicate the “walk to Church” performed 300 years ago by 
the Huguenots of New Rochelle, when there was no church 
in their settlement and they had to come to New Amsterdam 
to hear the Gospel preached. Eleven o’clock on Saturday night 
was the hour of starting from the City Hall of New Rochelle, 
and promptly at 10:30 they marched into the French Evangel- 
ical Church in West Sixteenth Street. The principal features 
were the sermon in French by M. Lauga, of the French Prot- 
estant Federation in Paris, and the singing of old Huguenot 
hymns by the well-trained choir. M. Hoyois, Dr. Macfarland, 
Bishop Darlington and Mr. Stoudt gave brief messages of 
greeting. | 

In the afternoon the Tercentenary exercises once more 
shifted to Staten Island, to the dedication of the Huguenot 
Memorial Church in a memorable service. The building itself, 
designed by the noted architect, Ernest Flagg, was a revelation 
in its unique stone work, picturesque setting and beauty of 
line. Nearly all the Huguenot Societies of America were 
represented. Dr. A. D. C. de Graeff, the Netherlands minis- 
ter, brought a warm message of sympathy from the Queen of 
the Netherlands, who expressed her gratification at the Ter- 
centenary exercises and her recognition of the appropriateness 
of the designs on the Huguenot half-dollar. 


DEDICATION OF THE WALLOON MoNUMENT 


The most notable civic event of the Tercentenary in New 
York was the dedication of the Hainaut Memorial, a monu- 
ment to the Walloon pioneers of 1624, presented by the Bel- 
gian Province of Hainaut. Baron de Cartier de Marchienne, 
representing the Belgian King and Government, presented the 
monument to the City of New York. Immediately after the 
presentation address, Miss Priscilla Mary de Forest (ztas 
three years), a descendant in the ninth generation of Jesse 


TERCENTENARY OF THE HUGUENOT-WALLOONS 193 


de Forest, who inspired the colonial enterprise which led 
finally to the settlement of New Netherland, pulled the cords 
which held the coverings of the monument, and revealed the 
plain shaft of stone, bearing the arms of Hainaut and a suit- 
able inscription. 


The Huguenot Pilgrimage to Europe 


The Huguenot Pilgrimage was the closing event of the cele- 
brations commemorating the three hundredth anniversary of 
the landing in America of the first Huguenot-Walloons. 

Not only were the members of the Pilgrimage enthusiasti- 
cally welcomed by their brethren in the faith, but national and 
civic authorities everywhere participated in the event. 

The delegation went first to visit the Huguenot congregation 
which has had its place of worship in the crypt of Canterbury 
Cathedral since about 1550. In Leyden, the “City of Refuge” 
for the scattered groups of Walloons and French Huguenots 
fleeing from religious persecutions, the Pilgrims were received 
by the municipal officials and by the Leyden Pilgrim Fathers’ 
Society. The memory of William the Silent was honored by 
a visit to his tomb at Delft. 

From the Netherlands the Pilgrims went via Worms and 
Heidelberg to Strasbourg to participate in the union patriotic 
service at one of the Lutheran Churches on July 14, the great 
French national holiday. Part of the delegation spent the 
preceding Sunday in Strasbourg, attending the special Ter- 
centenary service at the Reformed Church, while the rest 
accompanied the Director to Chateau-Thierry, where the 
memorial Church was dedicated with impressive ceremonies 
on July 13. A group of the “Pilgrims” was also present at 
the dedication of the memorial Church at Compiegne. 

In Zurich the program included a reception in the historic 
cathedral and a visit to the Museum of the Reformation. An 
impressive ceremony in the Cathedral of St. Peter marked 
the celebrations at Geneva, where the Pilgrimage was also 
officially received by the staff of the League of Nations. 

The Pilgrimage next paid a visit to the Waldensian valleys 
of Italy, arriving Sunday, July 27. At Torre Pellice, the 
Waldensian capital, the members were officially received in 
the “Casa Valdese” and participated in the worship at the 
Waldensian Church. At Bobbio Pellice the Monument of the 
Martyrs was visited. 

With its arrival at Nimes, where it was warmly greeted by 
the local committee, the Pilgrimage penetrated into what is 
really the heart of the Huguenot region of France—the gate- 


194 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


way to the Cevennes, and the “Huguenot Desert.” Very 
naturally interest in the Pilgrimage was very keen throughout 
this section of France, and huge crowds gathered at the Musée 
du Desert, the Tower of Constance, Montpellier and other 
places famous in Huguenot lore. The celebration at the Musée 
du Désert received added impressiveness from the fact that it 
was held in front of the building in the open air, the surround- 
ing hills forming a natural amphitheatre. Chief Justice Sar- 
raut, President of the French Supreme Court, presided. After 
brief halts at Carcassonne, Montauban and Bordeaux, where 
in each case they were met with the greatest goodwill by the 
population, the Pilgrims were received in La Rochelle, the 
most famous of the Huguenot strongholds, the city so notably 
associated with the struggle for religious liberty in France. 

In Paris the program included a reception by the French 
Protestant Federation at the French Protestant Headquarters 
in the Rue de Clichy, another by the French Protestant His- 
torical Society and the Comité Protestant des Amitiés Fran- 
caises at the library and museum of the Historical Society, a 
gathering in the Church of the Oratoire and a visit to the 
Huguenot monuments in Paris. The principal civic function 
took place on August 19, when the Huguenot delegation was 
received by President Doumergue at the Chateau Rambouil- 
let, the historic summer home of the French presidents. 

On Friday, August 22, the delegation went to Avesnes 
where they attended the unveiling of a monument to Jesse de 
Forest, a native of that city and the organizer of the Hugue- 
not-Walloon colony which subsequently settled in New Neth- 
erland in 1624. A great popular demonstration of about five 
thousand marked the dedication which was attended by high 
French officials who assisted the Mayor of the city, the Prefect 
of the district and Senator Pasqual. 

A most effective termination to the Tercentenary Pilgrimage 
was made by the commemorative exercises in Belgium, notably 
Brussels and Mons, the provincial capital of Hainaut. 

The Pilgrimage had a special significance for the Protes- 
tants of France and Belgium. To them, relatively small in 
numbers as they are, though with a rich heritage of loyalty to 
their faith and steadfastness in times of trial, it seemed a 
visualization of the strength and power of the Protestant 
Church in America, the land to which the ancestors of their 
faith had once been forced to flee from the persecutions of 
the Old World. And, on the other hand, the visitors were 
reminded of the debt of gratitude which the Churches of 


TERCENTENARY OF THE HUGUENOT-WALLOONS 195 


America owe to the lands whose sons and daughters brought 
Evangelical Christianity to our shores. Such reflections help 
to strengthen the bonds which unite us to our brethren over- 
seas. 
CHARLES S. MACFARLAND, 
Chairman, Executive Committee. 


JoHN BAER STOUDT, 
Director. 


THE WASHINGTON COMMITTEE 


The purpose of the Washington Office may be briefly stated 
as two-fold: first, conveying to the government and various 
departments the expressed mind and will of the churches, 
either of individual bodies or as represented in the Federal 
Council, concerning moral and religious questions as these 
touch national and international relations ; and, secondly, ascer- 
taining for the constituent bodies and for the Federal Council 
as representing them, the attitude of the government and its 
various departments in relation to actions involving the moral 
and religious welfare of the country and of the nations of the 
world. Asa part of this distinctive work it is also the privilege 
of the committee to render service in answering inquiries made 
by the government and its various departments in Washington 
concerning the church, its progress and development, and its 
actions in matters of national and international concern. 

The Washington office, in a word, has served during the 
past quadrennium as a bureau of general religious informa- 
tion to the government, to the constituent bodies and even to 
individuals. We are glad to state that through the quadren- 
nium there has been apparent a growing recognition of the 
service of the Washington office by the government and by 
our constituent bodies. There has also been increasing use of 
the facilities of our office by individuals in securing data bear- 
ing upon moral and religious questions. 

Since the Washington office functions not as a separate de- 
partment of the Council but in close cooperation with all its 
commissions and committees, much of its service is included in 
their reports and need not be repeated here. 


Limitation of Armament Conference 


One of the outstanding activities of the quadrennium has been 
the participation in the Limitation of Armament Conference, 
first in impressing upon the government the imperative demand 
of the religious leadership of the country for such a confer- 
ence, and, secondly, in conveying to the representatives of the 
countries represented in this conference the goodwill of the 
churches of America. This was done through conference with 
representatives of the Washington Committee and representa- 
tives of each of the countries sending delegates to the Limitation 
of Armament Conference. Through these conferences, unques- 
tionably, most favorable impressions were made as to the atti- 
tude of goodwill on the part of this country, and we have good 


196 


THE WASHINGTON COMMITTEE 197 


reason to believe that these conferences had no small bearing 
in bringing to a more favorable attitude the representatives 
assembled for the Limitation of Armament Conference, and 
therefore made decided contribution to its success. Possibly no 
one feature of the quadrennium’s work had greater bearing 
upon international justice and goodwill between the nations 
than the great Thanksgiving Service, November twenty-fourth, 
1921, planned by the Washington office, under the auspices of 
the Federal Council. This service was held in the Calvary 
Baptist Church, and attended, upon special invitation, by the 
President of the United States, the Secretary of State, others 
of the official circle and many of the delegates from the various 
countries represented at the Limitation of Armament Con- 
ference. The service was largely attended and made a pro- 
found impression. 


Relations with Governmental Agencies 


The Secretary, as representing the Washington Office, has 
attended throughout the quadrennium, hearings before con- 
gressional committees on such questions as Prohibition and 
Sale of Peyote among Indians, Race Track Gambling, the 
Shepherd-Towner Educational Bill, Prohibition Within the 
Three Mile Limit, Child Labor, Prohibition in the Canal Zone, 
Immigration and other hearings before committees of the 
House and Senate in which moral or religious questions were 
involved and concerning which it was desirable either to secure 
information or to have an expression as to the mind of the 
churches. 

The Washington Office was influential in securing the ex- 
tension of the $25,000,000 Austrian Loan, thereby helping to 
further the recovery of Austria and to express the goodwill of 
America. 

It has been the privilege of the Washington Office to be in 
closest contact with the Red Cross and the State Department 
both in imparting and securing information concerning the ex- 
act status of the Refugees in Greece. The efforts of our office 
resulted in an appropriation by the Red Cross of the quinine 
necessary to meet the malaria plague that menaced the Greek 
Refugees a year ago. 

The Secretary has represented the Federal Council in vari- 
ous conferences in behalf of reform held by different bodies 
in the city of Washington, such as the National Temperance 
Conference, Motion Picture Conference, National Information 
Bureau Conference, American Legion, Citizenship Confer- 
ence, and the meeting of the National Education Association 
with special reference to its department on Americanization. 


198 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


The office has arranged conferences with representatives of the 
churches concerning various questions such as Russian Relief, 
relief in connection with the Smyrna disaster, Relief for the 
Greek Refugees, Relief for the German Children, participa- 
tion in the World Court, Japanese exclusion, etc., etc. 


Year Book of the Churches 


The editing and publishing of the Year Book of the Churches 
was made a part of the work of the Washington Office early 
in this quadrennium. The Year Book was greatly enlarged in 
its scope, many features being added, such as a synopsis of 
history, doctrine and polity of all the denominations from the 
standards of the denominations themselves; a directory and 
who’s who of the activities of the churches and benevolent 
organizations with full information as to religious statistics; 
directory of the Federal Council of Churches and the setting 
forth of its work; a full directory of the Chaplains in the Army 
and Navy with summary of religious work in both branches of 
the service. The reception of the Year Book as thus enlarged 
has been most gratifying. From all quarters have come assur- 
ances that it is an indispensable hand-book. The Year Book 
is now recognized by the World Almanac and the Department 
of Commerce as a source of data for religious statistics. The 
libraries have shown a growing appreciation of the need for 
having it upon their tables. The theological seminaries are 
beginning to use the Year Book not only as a hand-book, but 
in some cases as a supplementary text book for comparative 
study of the denominations of the United States. Apparently, 
through the growing publicity attendant upon the publication 
of the Year Book data, our office has been applied to by an 
increasingly large number of individuals desiring specific in- 
formation. This information very often requires much careful 
and extended research in order to answer seemingly very simple 
questions, and at times it has appeared that we would either 
be swamped by the amount of such inquiries or have to develop 
our office more definitely as a bureau of religious information. 
It is our conviction that the Washington Office may well be 
expanded as a bureau of religious information. More and 
more as its work becomes known there will be demands for 
specific information requiring much original investigation and 
research. 

We believe, too, that the Federal Council is the medium 
through which should be secured, annually, exact information 
as to the progress of the churches in all lands and the present 
status, not only of the churches of christendom, but of the 
various religions other than christianity throughout the world. 


THE WASHINGTON COMMITTEE 199 


Service to Mission Boards 


The Washington Office has been able to render valuable 
service to various mission boards and to others in the securing 
of passports for missionaries. Often in applying for a pass- 
port some little detail has been overlooked which our office 
can immediately supply. We have had a number of such 
cases. In some instances, for lack of certain data in connec- 
tion with application for passport, missionaries on their way 
to port of departure would have been forced to wait for weeks 
before sailing, whereas upon application to our office direct 
telephone communication secured all information lacking and 
the passport was issued in ample time to prevent any delay. 

Our office also serves constituent bodies in securing the 
authentication of the Department of State and of the Embassy 
of the country in which foreign mission operations are being 
opened or where proxies are needed in the buying and selling 
of property. From time to time new laws such as the Luxury 
Tax recently passed in Japan have bearing upon the mission- 
ary operations of the churches in foreign lands and we can 
readily secure definite information as to the application of 
such laws, especially in matters relating to hospital supplies 
and equipment for missionaries. 

We have had a number of cases, especially during this last 
year, relative to aliens being detained at Ellis Island. We are 
often able to secure such information as brings release of 
those who would otherwise be returned under the quota al- 
lowed their native country. 


General Service 


The service that the Washington Office can render its con- 
stituent bodies is wide and varied. We rejoice that through 
not only this quadrennium but the whole period of the exist- 
ence of this office there has been no conflict or antagonism 
between the office and the various departments of the govern- 
ment. There is no door that is shut against us. The repre- 
sentatives of the Federal Council are everywhere recognized 
and treated with the utmost courtesy. 

Witit1amM F. McDow.ELt, 
Chairman 


E. O. WatTSON, 


Secretary 


WESTERN OFFICE 


The Western office of the Federal Council of Churches was 
organized May 1, 1921, with the assistance and cooperation of 
the Chicago Church Federation in securing suitable admin- 
istrative arrangements. 

The functions of the Western office as interpreted by the 
officers of the Federal Council are as follows: 

1. To serve as a central and western base of operations for the 

Federal Council. 


2. To serve as an office for the secretaries of the Council operating 
in this or any western area, or passing through Chicago. 

3. To conserve relations with the central and western sections of 
the United States in a way to interpret more adequately the ideals 
of the Federal Council in these areas. 

4. To furnish information in the form of literature and correspon- 
dence to individuals and groups desiring fuller understanding of 
the plans and activities of the Federal Council, or planning some 
form of local cooperation after the manner of a Church Council 
or Church Federation. 


In organizing the Western office the Administrative Com- 
mittee of the Federal Council appointed a group of nine to act 
as the nucleus of the Western Committee. The personnel of 
that group was as follows: Dr. Howard Agnew Johnston; 
Dean Shailer Mathews; Hon. Thomas E. D. Bradley; Prof. 
Graham Taylor; Rev. William Chalmers Covert; Rev. Perry 
J. Rice; Bishop Thomas Nicholson; Mr. Clifford W. Barnes; 
and Mr, Oliver R. Williamson. It was understood that Dr. 
Herbert L. Willett, for some time associated with the Admin- 
istrative work of the Federal Council, should act as its rep- 
resentative in Chicago under the direction of the Western 
Committee. | 

It was understood that the functions of the Western Com- 
mittee should include the following items: 

1. To supervise the work of the Western office. 


2. To study as fully as possible the procedure and opportunities of 
the Federal Council. 

3. To offer to the Administrative Committee of the Federal Council 
its suggestions regarding the best interests and procedure of the 
Council. 

4. To encourage its men to attend as many of the meetings of the 
Administrative and Executive Committee as possible where the 
members of this Committee should have at least sitting membership. 

5. To cooperate with the various Commissions of the Federal Council 
in their activities in the central and western areas of the United 
States, especially with the Commission on Councils of Churches. 


At the early meetings of the Western Committee it was 
decided that its membership should be increased to include 


200 


WESTERN OFFICE 201 


proportionate representation of the leading denominations rep- 
resented in the Federal Council in the Chicago area. The total 
number decided upon is twenty-one. The standing of the 
Western Committee is that of a sub-committee of the Ad- 
ministrative Committee of the Federal Council, reporting to 
the Administrative Committee and considering questions sub- 
mitted to it by the Administrative Committee. 

During the month of August, 1922, Federal Council Week 
at Chautauqua, New York, was promoted by joint cooperation 
of the Western Office and the Chautauqua Administration. In 
1923 and 1924 the arrangement thus begun has been carried 
on by the Federal Council’s Commission on International Jus- 
tice and Goodwill. 

Soon after the meeting of the Executive Committee in 
Chicago in December, 1921, the western representative of 
the Federal Council made a journey through the Northwest 
and down the Pacific coast, interpreting at all points visited 
the ideals and achievements of the Federal Council, the prog- 
ress of the cooperative movement in general, and the work of 
local federations and councils of churches. Such cities as 
Minneapolis, Billings, Butte, Spokane, Tacoma, Olympia, San 
José, Bakersfield, Stockton, San Diego and Denver were in- 
cluded in the itinerary, and in all of them addresses were made 
and conferences held. Special attention was given to the local 
councils of churches at Seattle, Portland, San Francisco and 
vicinity, Sacramento and Los Angeles. In the conferences 
deep interest was manifested in the attempt to coordinate the 
Protestant forces and to serve effectively in behalf of the co- 
operating denominations. There was usually evident a feeling 
of gratitude that the Federal Council is carrying forward the 
cooperative movement in such a variety of forms. It is clear 
that many of these communities through the west especially 
appreciate the interest of the Federal Council, not only as 
manifested in establishing the Western Office at Chicago, but 
in the visits of secretaries through the west and to the coast. 

Visits to other cities have been made by the representative 
of the Federal Council during the season, including St. Louis, 
Mo.; Richmond, Ind.; Aurora and Peoria, Ill.; Clinton, lowa; 
Buffalo, N. Y.; Detroit and Grand Rapids, Mich.; Youngs- 
town, Ohio; Lincoln and Omaha, Neb.; Milwaukee and Apple- 
ton, Wis., and Northfield, Minn. Many of the meetings of 
the Administrative Committee in New York have been at- 
tended by the representative, and occasionally by other mem- 
bers of the Western Committee. These committee members 
have also been serviceable in representing the Federal Council 
on several occasions. Addresses have also been made by the 


202 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


representative in the interest of the work of the Council at 
several educational institutions, colleges, universities and 
theological seminaries. 

One of the functions of the Western Office has been the 
securing of transportation for the members of the secretarial 
force. This has been possible to a certain extent, and about 
20,000 miles of free transportation have been secured during 
the past year. A large body of circular literature, descriptive 
of the Federal Council’s work, has been distributed from this 
office, and a considerable number of the recently published 
Year Book of the Churches have been sold. 

An event of significance in the calendar of the Western 
Office was the visit of Dr. Speer to Chicago, October 19, 
1922, under the joint auspices of the Federal Council and the 
Chicago Church Federation. A body of nearly 500 citizens 
heard his stirring address on the necessity for cooperative 
action among Protestant forces in meeting adequately the 
present world situation. 

During 1923 visits were made by Dr. Willett to many points 
within the area of the Western Committee’s work. In all of 
these places interpretations were made of the work of the 
Federal Council and of the cooperative movement in general. 

One of the most important items connected with the work 
of the Western Office has been the promotion of the Illinois 
Council of Churches. 

It is the conviction of the Western Committee that the loca- 
tion of the office of the Federal Council in the Western area 
has been a profitable and timely procedure. It is increasingly 
apparent that interest in the Federal Council is growing in 
proportion to the interpretation of its work, by correspondence, 
by conference, and by visitation. 

The amount of correspondence grows constantly; the num- 
ber of visitors to the Western Office increases, and the oppor- 
tunities for visitation open to a secretary or representative of 
the Federal Council are increasing rapidly. It is the belief of 
the Committee that the present arrangements, involving as 
they do, only a portion of the time of the representative, do not 
meet the full needs of the situation, and that as soon as possible 
steps should be taken to secure a secretary who can devote all 
of his time to this important and expanding work. 

In August the representative, Rev. Herbert L. Willett, re- 
signed to leave on a world tour, in which he will represent the 
interest of the Federal Council as occasion offers. The office 
administration at present is cared for by Rev. Perry J. Rice. 


SHAILER MATHEWS, Chairman. 


AFFILIATED, CONSULTATIVE AND 
COOPERATING BODIES 


HOME MISSIONS COUNCIL 


The Home Missions Council, like the Federal Council, is 
one of those interdenominational children that was born some 
sixteen years ago. Like the Federal Council, it has gradually 
extended the scope of its work through the years until today 
a very definite and vital contribution is being made in the 
field of cooperative service. This organization in conjunction 
with the Council of Women for Home Missions is rendering 
a very effective service to the strangers who pass through 
Ellis Island. Through direct contacts in Europe, and social 
workers at Ellis Island, we are able to furnish very definite 
information to pastors concerning the locations of incoming 
immigrants in their community. The increase of Protestant 
immigrants under the new law has greatly enlarged both our 
opportunity and responsibility in this respect. 

Another very fine piece of joint work is being carried on in 
eight Government Indian Schools. Through this plan a single 
religious worker is provided for each of these schools. No 
stress of denominations is involved. Competition is eliminated. 
Government approval and cooperation is assured while the 
Indian students rejoice in feeling that their religion tends to 
provide a basis for a more satisfactory fellowship all around. 
This arrangement, like the one mentioned above, is meeting 
with increased support generally. It secures a better type of 
leadership with less expense to the Home Mission Boards. 

Much attention has been and will be given to the develop- 
ment of cooperative plans in the field. The administrators 
of eight states are cooperating through Councils, organized 
under the stimulus of the Home Missions Council. They are 
planning together to provide service for unchurched fields and 
the elimination of excessive competition, wherever possible. 
This work has been done without much publicity, yet without 
doubt no organization has done more in developing coopera- 
tive plans in field administration than the Home Missions 
Council. The interest is steadily growing, and involves both 
English work and that of racial or foreign speaking groups. 
As a consequence of these field plans, there can be no doubt 
but the various boards have been saved thousands, if not 


203 


204 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


millions of money. Beside this, communities being served are 
responding in a more satisfactory manner. 

In recent years our conception of what ought to be involved 
in Christian work has changed greatly. There is no human 
interest that is not now given consideration in some way. 
The Home Mission Boards are now involved in a great many 
differing lines of work. This has greatly affected the work 
of the Home Missions Council. It has also affected other 
organizations such as the Federal Council. As a result, there 
are regions of work in which both are logically interested. 
To avoid a possible duplication in the future it is most desirable 
that the representatives of these two organizations should en- 
deavor to more closely coordinate, if not consolidate these 
two bodies. Fair minded spirits ought to work toward the day 
when these organizations would prove to be living examples 
of the ideals they advocate for others. 

C. E. VERMILYA, 
General Secretary. 


COUNCIL OF WOMEN FOR HOME MISSIONS 


Composed of twenty Women’s Boards of Home Missions, 
simultaneous partnership with organizations functioning in 
radically different realms is a preeminent characteristic of the 
Council of Women for Home Missions. Evidences of this are 
(1) service for women’s groups carried on in unity with the 
Federation of Woman’s Boards of Foreign Missions, (2) co- 
operation with the Home Missions Council through committees 
dealing with various types of people or areas of missionary 
endeavor, and (3) joint publishing with the Missionary Edu- 
cation Movement. The statement of the Council presented to 
the last quadrennial meeting of the Federal Council outlined 
the beginning and growth in cooperation along these lines, then 
of comparatively recent date. The intervening years have 
greatly strengthened these bonds. 

A joint committee of the Federation and Council prepares 
plans, programs and printed material for the use of local 
Women’s Church and Missionary Federations, Missionary 
Unions and Women’s Departments of Councils of Churches. 
The local groups are affiliated by payment of annual dues. 

The Day of Prayer for Missions is observed on the first 
Friday in Lent. The Federation and Council provide a pro- 
gram and preliminary material and suggest for freewill offer- 
ings the following interdenominationally conducted projects: 
Work among Farm and Cannery Migrants, Christian Litera- 
ture for Women and Children in Mission Fields, Women’s 
Union Christian Colleges of the Orient. 

The latter two are foreign mission objects. The Work 
among Farm and Cannery Migrants is carried on through the 
Council by a committee composed of twelve women’s boards, 
being financed by those boards and contributions from local 
federations and student groups. The needs of the migrants 
and the type of service at the stations is graphically portrayed 
in leaflets published by the Council, several especially attrac- 
tive new issues having been printed during the past year. Miss 
Laura H. Parker is Executive Supervisor. Beside stations 
among foreign-speaking and Negro folk in the Chesapeake 
area, in 1924 a local committee was formed in Oregon and 
with Miss Louise F. Shields as Supervisor, stations were 
opened in hop fields and apple ranches. 

The Federation and Council provide Woman's Home and 
Foreign Mission Bulletins; six pages in each issue of the 
Missionary Review of the World. These furnish important 


205 


206 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


news items and reports, articles on the various fields, and sug- 
gestions for meetings and activities. 

Nineteen Conferences and Schools of Missions are affiliated 
with the Council and a Home Missions Institute is annually 
conducted at Chautauqua, N. Y. A recent development in the 
growing cooperation of the Federation and Council has been 
effected through the unification of the work of the two com- 
mittees on Schools of Missions. 

The Federated Student Committee has been formed, com- 
posed of the Committees on Student Work of the Federation 
and Council, representatives of the Student Department of the 
Young Women’s Christian Association, women representatives 
of the Council of Church Boards of Education, Student Volun- 
teer Movement, and Student Fellowship for Christian Life- 
Service. The agencies doing religious work among women 
students thus now have facilities for correlating and integra- 
ting their service, and for complete understanding and in- 
formation concerning each other’s separate activities. Unitedly 
they are “promoting visits to colleges by interdenominational 
teams thus bringing the work of the whole Church before the 
entire student body at the same time and developing inter- 
denominational cooperation.” 

Since 1920, while maintaining separate entity, the Home 
Missions Council and Council of Women for Home Missions 
have had joint committees on all lines of work common to 
the two organizations and have held their annual meetings 
together, thus eliminating overlapping or duplication of effort. 
Two undertakings of the Councils might be especially men- 
tioned. (1) Religious Work Directors are appointed to a 
number of Government Indian Schools. This field gives 
promise of great fruitfulness for in these schools are gathered 
at the most impressionable age the potential leaders of the race. 
(2) The Bureau of Reference for Migrating People, formerly 
called Follow-Up of New Americans, forwards the names of 
Protestant immigrants to pastors or local agencies (such as 
Councils of Churches) at destination, providing a service of 
reference, visitation and ministration, and helping to extend 
the “hand of friendship” to the new comers. Mr. Raymond 
E. Cole is in charge of this work for immigrants. 

Joint publishing of all interdenominational home mission 
literature by the Missionary Education Movement and Coun- 
cil of Women for Home Missions which, four years ago, had 
just begun, has since been in continuous operation with hearty 
accord. The theme for 1924-’25 is “The Way of Christ in 
Race Relations,” with the following books: for adults and 
young people, Of One Blood, by Robert E. Speer, Adventures 


COUNCIL OF WOMEN FOR HOME MISSIONS 207 


in Brotherhood, by Dorothy F. Giles; for intermediate groups, 
Land of All Nations, by Margaret F. Seebach; for boys and 
girls, a reading book, Uncle Sam’s Family, by Dorothy McCon- 
nell; for leaders of junior groups, Better Americans; Number 
Two, by Mary DeBardeleben. A reading book, The Land of 
Saddle Bags, a study of the mountain people of Appalachia, by 
James Watt Raine, has also been published. The theme for 
1925-’26 will be “The Slavs in America.” 

Besides these perennial services, the Council from time to 
time joins with other groups in various spheres of related 
activity. Among these this past year have been (1) the study 
of recruiting by representatives of interdenominational bodies, 
(2) service on the Council on Correlation of Programs of 
Religious Education, (3) participation in the Women’s Na- 
tional Committee for Law Enforcement and in (4) the Co- 
operating Council of the American Peace Award created by 
Edward W. Bok, and (5) membership in the Women’s Joint 
Congressional Committee. A group of ten national women’s 
organizations, of which the Council is one, is planning a Con- 
ference on the Cause and Cure of War to be held in Wash- 
ington, D. C., January 18-24, 1925. 

The Council governs the direction and decides the diversity 
of its efforts with a realization of the relation of missions to 
world peace and international, economic and race relations, and 
is ever seeking through education and activities, to aid in estab- 
lishing an unqualifiedly Christian basis for world relations. 


FLORENCE E. QuINLAN, 
Executive Secretary. 


FEDERATION OF WOMAN’S BOARDS OF 
FOREIGN MISSIONS OF NORTH AMERICA 


The present membership of the Federation of Woman’s 
Boards of Foreign Missions of North America is twenty- 
seven Women’s Boards of Foreign Missions in the United 
States and Canada and four interdenominational agencies ; The 
McAll Mission having become affiliated in January, 1924. 
Twenty-one Schools of Missions or Summer Conferences are 
also affiliated with the Federation. 

The Central Committee for the United Study of Foreign 
Missions, which acts as the Publication and Literature Com- 
mittee of the Federation is celebrating in January, 1925, its 
twenty-fifth anniversary. The theme for the study books of 
1924-1925 is China. The senior book, “Ming Kwong—City 
of Morning Light,’ by Mary Ninde Gamewell, the Junior 
“Chinese Lanterns,” by Mrs. Henry Meyer. For 1925-1926 
the theme Prayer and Missions is a fitting climax for their 
silver anniversary. Mrs. Helen Barrett Montgomery is writing 
the adult book and Mrs. E. C. Cronk the junior. 

Twenty-five Church and Missionary Federations are af- 
filiated with the Federation by a payment of annual dues. A 
joint Committee with the Council of Women for Home Mis- 
sions on Church and Missionary Federations prepares leaflets 
with suggestions for organization and programs, keeps them 
in touch with the interdenominational activities and is in con- 
stant correspondence with between two and three hundred such 
organizations and is trying to have them affiliate with the 
national societies. 

The Day of Prayer for Missions is observed annually on 
the first Friday in Lent, by Canada and the United States; 
Canada prepares her own material. A card and program are 
prepared annually by the Federation and the Council, the de- 
mand for which has steadily increased since the beginning of 
the united observance. The theme for February 27, 1925, is 
“Even as Thou Wilt.” A program of Prayer and Thanksgiv- 
ing, emphasizing a Christian Basis for World Relations, World 
Cooperation, and Allegiance to Law. 

The Federation cooperates through its Committee on Inter- 
denominational Institutions on the Foreign Field with the Co- 
operating Committee on Women’s Union Christian Colleges on 
the Mission Field. New buildings for the seven Union Col- 
leges have been completed or are under construction. 

The work of the Committee for Christian Literature for 


208 


WOMAN’S BOARDS OF FOREIGN MISSIONS 209 


Women and Children on the Mission Field which the Federa- 
tion promotes in China, Japan and India, far exceeds in its 
demands all the committee can do. In China it helps publish 
a magazine for children “Happy Childhood,” which reaches at 
least ten thousand children each month. In Japan, a small 
newspaper “Light of Love,’ for coolie women and children 
has a large circulation; Dr. Hulbert’s “Stories of the Bible” 
has been translated and published there this year. “The 
Treasure Chest,” a magazine for boys and girls was started in 
1922, and has a paid subscription in India of three thousand; 
it is published in English and three vernaculars, Urdu, Marathi 
and Tamil. 

The Federation this year has cooperated with the Woman’s 
National Committee for Law Enforcement and with other 
National Women’s Organizations for a convention on the 
Cause and Cure of War to be held in Washington, January, 
1925. It endorses the World Acquaintance Tours and con- 
tinues its work for the Federation of Christian Women of the 
World. 

The official publication of the Federation is a three page 
Foreign Mission Bulletin, published in the Missionary Review 
of the World. 

Fuller cooperation, more united service and a truer concep- 
tion of the scope and purpose of women’s work for missions is 
the goal for which we are striving. 


SARAH H. PoLHEMUs, 
Executive Secretary. 


THE COUNCIL OF CHURCH BOARDS OF 
EDUCATION 


During the year 1924 the Executive Secretary of the 
Council of Church Boards of Education, who is also the 
Executive Secretary of the Association of American Col- 
leges, by invitation of the Office National des Universités et 
Ecoles Francatses delivered a course of lectures at the Sor- 
bonne (University of Paris) on the organization and student 
life of American institutions of higher education. A significant 
bond of fellowship is being established between exchange 
scholars in the two countries. The Association of Franco- 
American Scholars—the only student association in France— 
is an active organization following American student models. 
Of the French students now in the United States on scholar- 
ships, nearly all are in colleges and universities affiliated with 
the Council of Church Boards of Education and the Associa- 
tion of American Colleges, these institutions being those for 
the most part that offer scholarships. 

A study of theological education covering nearly three years 
has been completed. A report on the theological seminaries and 
colleges of the United States and Canada (161) under the 
title THEOLOGICAL EpucATION IN AMERICA—a book of 400 
pages—published by the Institute of Social and Religious Re- 
search, has met a remarkable reception, having had unusual 
publicity in both the secular and religious press. It is the 
work of a fact-finding not a program-making Commission. A 
widespread demand has sprung up for a “follow-up” of the 
findings embodied in this book and for conferences looking 
toward the improvement of theological instruction. Among 
the agencies urging interdenominational cooperation in this 
effort are the Conference of Theological Seminaries and Col- 
leges of the United States and Canada, the Conference of 
Theological Seminaries of the South, numerous church Boards 
of Education and individual seminaries. As Bishop Brent, 
Chairman of the Advisory Committee, under whose direction 
the survey was made, has said: “I believe, and others agree 
with me, that it may be a new starting point for theological 
education.” 

A careful study of the theological schools and departments 
training Negro ministers has been completed and the findings 
embodied in a separate report. In this connection the follow- 
ing resolution passed by the National Association of Teachers 


210 


COUNCIL OF CHURCH BOARDS OF EDUCATION 211 


in Colored Schools in annual session at Dallas, Tex., July 30, 
1924, is of no small significance: 

“We recommend and request that provision be made for the ap- 
pointment of a suitable man to become a visitor and advisor of 
theological education in our schools, working in cooperation with 
various authorities for the development of theological training.” 

It is a matter of interest also that the theological seminaries 
of a number of the denominations are relating themselves to 
the church boards of education with the purpose of coordina- 
ting their work more fully with the other agencies of Christian 
education. 

In addition to these studies, there are two others closely re- 
lated which will be of great use in the future plans for 
Christian education: one a study of the work of the Y. M. C. A. 
in the colleges and universities by Dr. E. C. Sage of the Gen- 
eral Education Board; the other a far-reaching investigation, 
first proposed by the Council of Church Boards of Education, 
undertaken by the Institute of Social and Religious Research, 
of the moral and religious conditions in institutions of higher 
education. These will furnish notable source material for 
years to come in nation-wide programs for Christian education. 

During the year also the Council itself has completed an 
investigation of the religious instruction offered by 250 colleges 
affiliated with the church boards of education. This shows 
the work done in religious instruction by student groups ag- 
gregating more than 100,000 in denominational colleges. Num- 
erous suggestions are made for improving the instruction in 
religion among these students. This report is a companion 
piece to “Undergraduate Courses in Religion in Tax-Supported 
Colleges and Universities of America,’ Bulletin IV, of the 
National Council of Religion in Higher Education, which sets 
forth the opportunity for religious instruction among 100,000 
students in state institutions. 

The interest taken by the administrators of our state uni- 
versities and colleges in Christian education has been increas- 
ingly sympathetic and intelligent. Numerous plans for em- 
phasizing the religious significance of American education are 
now actively espoused by state university presidents and deans. 

The demands upon the Council of Church Boards of Edu- 
cation for work in and for the colleges, universities and 
seminaries have so increased that an experienced solicitor has 
been placed in the field to increase the Council’s budget. There 
are many evidences of remarkable development in this field 
in the immediate future. 

Rosert L. KEtty, 
Executive Secretary. 


AMERICAN BIBLE SOCIETY 


From 1920 to 1924 the issues of the Society have been as 
follows: 


AO ZU Nea vehamtie | Sa MR a Uat satay WG aw ene ea 3,825,401 
Dee inn wie i telig'ah 4's is BHT b etait RIM UIWN A a bg te aisha Ur oat lt 4,861,181 
POZO AE REY) Wis iare Gait aivteca a stata a eater cual tg intaia iM, cus elses 4,563,067 
PORT NNT PERE clPcis Lita Week neta i parer ane Und ag 7,101,289 
gee ee appar Cpe Ca Menta alos Sh FL ap 20,350,938 


The total of the preceding quadrennium was... .20,216,348 


THiS} Sat sinierease GL. Nel ewe et «clean gees s 134,590 
over the preceding four years. 


In some respects the most notable fact in the history of the 
Society during this period has been the giving up of manufac- 
ture in the Bible House, at Astor Place. The old brick build- 
ing covering the entire block between 8th Street and 9th Street 
and Third and Fourth Avenues was erected over seventy-five 
years ago for the purpose of providing a home for the exten- 
sive manufacturing interests of the Society, its Executive Of- 
fices, the meetings of its governing board, etc. Half of the 
building was used for this purpose, the other half being a 
source of income for the Society. For some time the Society 
has been studying the possibility of securing the manufacture 
of its books in the various large printing plants in different 
parts of the country and it became convinced that it could 
enlarge its work and reduce its costs by using such establish- 
ments rather than by the expensive process of keeping its own 
plant up to date with all the applications requisite for the 
multiplied demands. As an illustration it may be mentioned 
that the Society is able to produce Gospels at one cent a piece 
by having them run off by the million on special presses adap- 
ted for that work which are expensive presses for which the 
Society would have no use except for a period of a few weeks 
each year. On the first of February, 1922, the presses of the 
Society ceased the service which they had rendered for many 
decades. They have since been removed from the Bible House 
and the great rooms in which they were have been fitted for 
offices for the promotional work of the institution. The rooms 
occupied by the bindery and other similar activities have been 
remodeled into office rooms and are now bringing in an income. 
Suitable arrangements were made with the employees by which 
their interests were cared for, quite a number of them being 
placed on a pension list because they had been with the Society 


212 


AMERICAN BIBLE SOCIETY 213 


many, many years. The new program is working efficiently. 
It has its drawbacks but it has made possible, in spite of the 
increasing cost of production, quite a considerable reduction in 
the prices of the books that are most largely used for Sunday 
Schools and missionary purposes. Of course the Society con- 
tinues to use its own plates so that the accuracy of the versions, 
for which the Society has been notable, has been preserved. In 
fire-proof vaults these plates are carefully kept and it would 
cost an incalculable sum almost to replace them if they should 
be destroyed. They are one of the great physical assets of the 
Society. 

The translation and revision work of these last four years 
has seen the preparation of the Four Gospels in Mukri-Kurd- 
ish for use on the frontier of Turkey and Persia, translated by 
a Mr. Fossum who died as the result of unselfish service for 
the Near East Relief; the Four Gospels and the Acts of the 
Apostles and the First Epistle of John were brought out in 
Luragoli for use in East Africa; the Gospel of St. Mark in 
K’Pelle for West Africa; the Gospel of St. John in Olunyore 
for work in East Africa; the Gospel of St. John has been pre- 
pared for the Mussu people in Siam; the New Testament has 
been completed in Bolivian Quechua published in a diglot 
form with Spanish for the Inca Indians in Bolivia; the work 
of preparing a revised Spanish New Testament, for use in 
Spain and Latin America, in which the Society has had fel- 
lowship with the British and Foreign Bible Society for many 
years, has been completed. There are ninety millions of people 
in the world that speak the Spanish language. This Spanish 
American Version has been given a hearty reception. In China 
the two great Union Versions, one the Union Wenli and the 
other the Union Mandarin on which Committees of mission- 
aries had been working for many generations, were completed 
both in the Shangti and Shen editions. This event is as notable 
as any event in the missionary world to those who have imag- 
ination sufficient to see the meaning of this perfection of the 
Bible in the common language spoken by hundreds of millions 
of people as well as in the language used by the more scholarly 
in that land. The Society has also brought out the Scriptures 
in the Phonetic Script which is gaining a considerable use in 
China. The Revised Zulu Bible has also been completed for 
service among large numbers of people speaking that language 
in South Africa. The Society is now undertaking a survey of 
the needs of the Indian peoples in Mexico, Central and South 
America and has begun cooperation with missionaries there in 
a number of dialects. 


In our report of four years ago reference was made to the 


214 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


use of the Scriptures among the soldiers engaged in the world 
war. It is perhaps desirable that a brief summary should be 
given here. The total of the Society’s supplies for the Amer- 
ican Forces during the war was 4,920,543 volumes. Special 
New Testaments were prepared for the American troops in 
Bohemian, French, Greek, Italian, Polish, Roumanian, Rus- 
sian, Spanish and Yiddish. These are separate from the 
foreign language Bibles to which reference was made four 
years ago. In addition to the volumes supplied for the Army 
and Navy of the United States 1,887,758 volumes were sent 
out by the Society to the belligerent forces of all the nations 
making a complete'record of nearly seven millions of volumes 
(6,808,301) distributed by the American Bible Society during 
the war among the forces engaged in it. 


The most amazing event of the four years was the earth- 
quake in Japan on the first of September, 1923. Few if any 
can realize what this meant to the American Bible Society. At 
the Fukuin Printing Plant, in Yokohama, the Society had 
plates of all its versions used in Japan, some of those used in 
China, many of those used in Siam and all of those used in 
the ten languages and dialects in the Philippines. In a mo- 
ment, in the complete demolishing of this building and the 
furnace of fire which followed, these plates were melted with 
the ashes of the building into a molten mass. The work of 
years, the labor of many earnest people, Japanese and mission- 
aries, was utterly destroyed. The Society was staggered by 
the out-reach of its loss. Today, after more than a year has 
passed by, there are no Bibles and only one New Testament 
available for the missionary work of the Philippine Islands. 
New plates have had to be made. New revisions were requisite 
in many instances before new plates could be made and new 
editions had to be manufactured. Half a million copies of 
Japanese Gospels were reproduced by photography and sent 
to Tokyo. All the Japanese Scriptures that could be spared 
from the Society’s Agencies on the Pacific coast, in the 
Philippines, Siam and China were also forwarded and little 
by little the needs of the people were met for they needed the 
consolations of the Scriptures as never before. 

Two new Agencies have been established, the Upper Andes, 
covering parts of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia; and 
the Arabic-Levant Agency covering the Arabic-speaking por- 
tions of the Levant, with headquarters in Cairo. 


WILLIAM I. HAVEN. 


THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE 
YOUNG MEN’S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS 
OF NORTH AMERICA 


The current year has witnessed one of the most significant 
events in the history of the Young Men’s Christian Association 
in America. After fifty-eight years of continuous service with 
the State and Local Young Men’s Christian Associations, as 
well as in Foreign fields, the International Committee will 
transfer its responsibilities to the new National Council at the 
first session of the Council held in Buffalo, N. Y., December 
3-6. The new National Council is elected directly by the 
Associations and is so organized as to be quickly responsive to 
their will and needs. It is a genuinely modern and efficient 
legislative body. In addition to coordinating our varied ac- 
tivities, the reorganization will, no doubt, result in greater 
efficiency and economy both in operation and administration. 
This is the consummation of the process outlined in our former 
statement to the annual meeting of the Executive Committee. 
After the new Constitution had been finally adopted by the 
referendum vote of the Associations, the Committee at once 
began to give thought and time to such preliminary adjust- 
ments as would best facilitate the transfer of responsibility 
with the least possible loss in service to the Brotherhood. 
With this readjustment and coordination of its forces the en- 
tire Brotherhood is pervaded with a new sense of unity and 
faces with confidence the growing demands of the new day. 
Relationship to the Churches: 

The historic relationship of the Young Men’s Christian As- 
sociation to the Evangelical Churches has been re-stated and 
re-examined in recent years. One of the results of this process 
has been an official action by the International Convention 
authorizing “an approach to those Evangelical Churches with 
which we have important relations” requesting the appointment 
of a Standing Committee on the Young Men’s Christian Asso- 
ciation in each of these Communions, to be available for con- 
ference on any problems which may develop in our relationship, 
and to further enlarge the areas of understanding and co- 
operative effort. 

These Communions were also requested through their judica- 
tory bodies to appoint one representative on a General Coun- 
selling Commission of the Churches, to confer with us on the 
National policies of the Association as they relate to the 
Churches. 

215 


216 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


The first meeting of the General Counselling Commission 
was held in New York in October in an all day session. 
Eleven official representatives of the Communions met mem- 
bers of the Executive Committee of the International Com- 
mittee and a group of Secretaries. Advisory action was taken 
on several important questions germane to mutual understand- 
ing and cooperative work with men and boys. This marks a 
notable advanced step in the recognition of our responsibility 
to serve and increasingly work through the Churches. With- 
out question the work of the Commission will not only enlarge 
the areas of National cooperation with the Churches, but also 
greatly reinforce such enterprises in local fields. 


In addition to these important developments, there has been 
a steady outreach in Association activities both at home and 
abroad, of which only briefest mention may be made. 
Home Division: 


Continued attention has been given to the Religious Work 
Emphasis throughout the Brotherhood. The two years’ pro- 
gram of intervisitation not only developed better methods of 
building and promoting a religious work program but also led 
the Association to face the issues involved in a more prophetic 
and statesmanlike way. As a result of this study and analysis 
practical principles and methods have been outlined and em- 
bodied in a hand book entitled “Christian Character Building 
with Boys and Young Men,” which is in wide use among the 
Associations and will have value wherever the problem of re- 
ligion among men and boys is faced. 


In many communities the Young Men’s Christian Associa- 
tion, through its physical Department, is co-operating actively 
with the churches in the following very definite ways: organ- 
izing and promoting church athletic leagues for basket ball, 
baseball, track and field athletics, volley ball, etc.; furnishing 
the use of the gymnasium and swimming pool, athletic fields 
and bowling alleys for church teams; conducting training 
classes for adult leaders of church physical and recreational 
activities; furnishing experienced leaders and equipment for 
church picnics and social gatherings. There is a growing inter- 
est in all of these phases of work and much more can be done to 
the mutual advantage of the churches and the Association. 


The Educational Department serves over 100,000 young men 
and boys in their cultural and vocational preparation. It is 
evolving a system of Christian education adapted to the needs 
of employed boys and young men, and so supplies a need which 
can only be partially met by the colleges. 


The City Department has further extended the Community 


YOUNG MEN’S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS 217 


type of work. It has given special attention to the smaller 
cities. 

The Conference of Secretaries of Small Cities held at Blue 
Ridge, May 31 to June 2, set a new milestone in the work of 
the Young Men’s Christian Association in cities between 5,000 
and 25,000. This conference was planned to give the fullest 
opportunity to the 158 delegates to think together on the prob- 
lem facing the small cities. 

One entire session was given over to the topic—“The Asso- 
ciation’s Relation to the Church.” It was very apparent in the 
conference that if the needs of the boys and young men of 
these small cities are to be adequately met, the Young Men’s 
Christian Association and the Church would need to work in 
the very closest relationship. 

The Student Department’s five year program of advance, 
gives the fullest possible opportunity for student initiative and 
control. It has branches or affliated organizations in about 
700 schools of Normal, College and University grade, includ- 
ing Theological Seminaries. The Student Department reports 
that the Student Associations have never been more loyal to 
the person of Christ and the Church of Christ. 

A unique and promising development in the Town and 
Country Department is the increasing interest taken by City 
Associations in the adjacent towns and country districts. In 
some of the larger cities, notably Columbus and Cincinnati, 
Ohio, the metropolitan boards are taking the work over as a 
branch of their regular activities with the County Secretary a 
member of the metropolitan staff, and the County Committee 
composed largely of representatives from nearby towns, but 
with a few of its members residing in the city. It is estimated 
that not less than 300 counties can be advantageously served in 
this way. 

The Colored Men’s Department has grown in influence and 
effectiveness. In addition to its other activities, it is making a 
marked contribution to the problem of Race relationships. 

The service of the Army and Navy Departments is welcomed 
by the Government and the enlisted men. Its policy of co- 
operation with the Chaplains unites the Churches and the 
Young Men’s Christian Association in this service. 

The Industrial and the Transportation Departments have 
enlarged their Christian ministry in the realm of human rela- 
tionship and serve a larger body of industrial men than ever 
before. 

Indicative of the material growth of the Movement the 
Building Bureau has in hand some seventy-five building pro- 
jects representing a possible expenditure of not less than 


218 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


$22,000,000. The successful completion of the campaign for 
$3,000,000 in St. Louis, where a new central and branch build- 
ings will be erected, was an outstanding achievement of the 
year. The energetic co-operation of all the Protestant forces 
of the City made this great achievement possible. Other 
notable gains were made in other cities. 

Foreign Division: 

Foreign secretaries of the International Committee, serving 
in eighteen countries, have not only planted a movement but 
have so developed a national and local leadership as to make 
the Y. M. C. A. indigenous in most of these countries. Au- 
tonomous National Committees have been formed in Japan, 
Korea, China, the Philippines, India and Ceylon, Portugal, 
Mexico, Brazil and for all South America. The foreign secre- 
tary places his knowledge of Association principles and his 
experience at the service of the national movement. In some 
communities he is the General Secretary; in others a Depart- 
mental Secretary ; always he is a counsellor and friend to lay 
leaders, to his native colleagues and to all members of the 
Association. He suggests new plans and aids in their execu- 
tion. He brings his experience to bear on strange and baffling 
situations. He is a stabilizer in emergencies. He represents 
the best features of American and Canadian life to people who 
do not understand them. He helps travelers from other coun- 
tries understand the people and the life of his adopted land. 
He leads men and boys into the Christian way of life. 

The foreign movements are self-propagating, self-support- 
ing, inter-denominational movements which aim to serve the 
Church. They are under the leadership and control of the 
people in the community served. At the present time there are 
118 city and 266 student Associations having a total member- 
ship of 125,000 men and boys. The activities of these Asso- 
ciations are presided over by 583 National and 173 American 
and Canadian Secretaries. 

Davip G. LaTsHAW. 


THE NATIONAL BOARD OF THE YOUNG 
WOMEN’S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS 


The year 1924 has been one of the most important ones in 
the history of the National Board of the Young Women’s 
Christian Associations, because for the first time the World’s 
Committee of the Young Women’s Christian Association, 
which unites in a common purpose the women of forty coun- 
tries, held its biennial meeting in the United States, in Wash- 
ington, in May. Not only was the meeting itself significant, 
but the time of the meeting was also significant. It was so 
planned that it followed the Eighth National Convention of the 
Young Women’s Christian Associations of America, held in 
New York, and therefore made possible in this earlier meeting 
the presence of women of twenty-one nationalities. In the 
national convention, the keynote of which was world fellow- 
ship, delegates from five hundred and thirty Associations 
gathered to review the work of the Association for the pre- 
ceding two years, to take account of world conditions and to 
plan how a woman’s movement that calls itself Christian can 
make its special contribution to the solution of the problems 
that are confronting the women of today. 

In the convention of two years ago the Association through 
resolutions expressed its belief in the outlawry of war, and 
endorsed a resolution of the World’s Committee that “encour- 
aged the development of a right public conscience such as 
should strengthen those forces that are working for world 
peace and understanding between classes, nations and races.” 
These resolutions have been kept constantly before the Asso- 
ciations during the last biennium, and the following actions in 
the convention of 1924 show the progress that has been made: 


League of Nations 


Whereas: We are convinced that the League of Nations should be 
considered as a non-partisan issue; and 


Whereas: The United States is increasingly cooperating with the 
League of Nations in humanitarian activities such as representation 
on the following commissions: Health, Opium, Traffic in Women 
and Children, Industrial Hygiene; and 


Whereas: The League of Nations is a flexible instrument capable of 
change to meet new conditions; and 


Whereas: The Young Women’s Christian Associations in forty coun- 
tries are united in a world Young Women’s Christian Association, 
and all but five of these countries (the United States, Russia, Ger- 
many, Turkey and Mexico) are now members of the League of 
Nations: 


219 


220 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Be It Resolved: That, on the basis of the actions of former conven- 
tions expressing our conviction that war should be outlawed, and 
our feeling of responsibility for the promotion of peace and better 
understanding between nations; and in view of the action of the 
National Board endorsing the entrance of the United States into the 
Permanent Court of International Justice and with the conviction 
that the League of Nations offers itself as a further means toward 
developing stable and equitable relationships among nations; we, 
the Young Women’s Christian Associations of the United States of 
America, pledge ourselves to use our efforts to secure the entrance 
of the United States into the League of Nations. 


The Committee on the National Board’s report also recom- 
mended that to the present program in citizenship and legis- 
lation, which program focuses the attention of our members 


to legislation affecting women and children, the following items 
be added: 


Citizenship and Legislation 


I. Federal Legislation. Entrance of the United States into the 
League of Nations. 


II. Recommended Study of National Issues. 
1. Immigration Legislation. 

a, Government measures for securing protection of mi- 
grating girls and women. 

b. Our national immigration policies as they increase or 
decrease the unhappy social consequences resulting 
from enforced separation of families. 

c, Our national immigration policies as they promote or 
hinder goodwill among peoples of all the nations in- 
volved in migration. 

2. International Relations. 


a. Making and administering the foreign policy of the 
United States. 


b. The United States and world economic adjustments. 

III. Recommended State Emphasis. 

1. State ratification of Children’s Amendment (after passage 

by Congress). 
2. Specific legislation to remedy legal discriminations against 
women. 

. Follow-up of measures enacted. 
. Law observance and law enforcement. 
. Study of marriage and divorce laws. 
IV. Increased Emphasis on Education for Citizenship. 


1. Through summer conferences and group gatherings. 
2. In local associations programs. 
3. Through cooperation with other organizations. 

Of special interest to the churches should be the recom- 
mendation of the Commission to Study the Basis for Member- 
ship in Associations other than Student. These recommenda- 
tions received the necessary vote to make it possible to present 
them to the next convention for final action. 


Cn tf SG 


YOUNG WOMEN’S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS 221 


Alternate Membership Basis 


ArtTIcLeE II, Section 2. Any Young Women’s Christian Association 
other than student may be a member of the national organization upon 
application to the National Board and upon filing with it a copy of 
its constitution, showing 

a. That its voting and office holding membership is limited to 

women who are members of Protestant evangelical churches, or, 


b. That its constitution embodies the following: 
I. Preamble 


The Young Women’s Christian Association of............. 
BS ates SAP IS , affirming the Christian faith in God, the 
Father; and in Jesus Christ, His Only Son, our Lord and 
Savior; and in the Holy Spirit, the Revealer of truth and 
Source of power for life and service; according to the 
teaching of Holy Scripture and the witness of the Church, 
declares its purpose to be: 

II. Purpose 


1. To associate young women in personal loyalty to Jesus 
Christ as Savior and Lord; 


2. To lead them into membership and service in the Christian 
Church. 


3. To promote growth in Christian character and service 
through physical, social, mental and spiritual training; 


4. To become a social force for the extension of the King- 
dom of God. 


Ill. Qualifications 


1. For Electors. Any woman or girl of the community, over 
eighteen years of age, may become an elector in the Asso- 
ciation provided she makes the following declaration: “I 
desire to enter the Christian fellowship of the Association. 
I will loyally endeavor to uphold the purpose in my own 
life and through my membership in the Association.” 

2. For Board Members. Members of the board shall be 
chosen from the electors of the Association. Three- 
fourths of the members of the board, including three- 
fourths of the officers of the Association, shall be mem- 
bers of churches eligible to membership in the Federal 
Council of the Churches of Christ in America. 

3. For Delegates. Three-fourths of the voting members of 
each local delegation at the National Convention must be 
members of churches eligible to membership in the Fed- 
eral Council of the Churches of Christ in America. 

c. Administration of a Personal Basis. That a committee be ap- 
pointed to devise a plan for administering a personal basis; that 
this committee be ready to report to the 1926 Convention should 
the proposed basis again pass by the necessary two-thirds vote. 


The resolutions quoted are only a few of those passed at the 
convention that help to outline the program of the Association 
for the next two years, but they have been chosen for this 
report because they represent our common cause and interest. 


Maser Cratty, 
General Secretary. 


COMMITTEE ON COOPERATION IN LATIN 
AMERICA 


The wisdom of organizing the Committee on Cooperation 
in Latin America has never been more apparent than at present. 
With the storm and stress of economic disturbances and the 
rising of nationalism in all parts of the world, America is 
better able than ever to be of help to the world. Excluded 
from the council table of the nations a few years ago, Latin 
America has recently taken a prominent place there as well as 
in the economic world. An important question now is whether 
Latin America will cast her lot with Europe or whether all 
America shall work unitedly with other nations for the peace 
of the world. The Committee on Cooperation in Latin Amer- 
ica is interested not only in enlarging and uniting the activities 
of the missionary societies in this field, but also in helping 
America, North and South, to a unity with all the rest of 
humanity. As far as world service can be secured by closer 
cooperation with the republics of the American Continent the 
Christian forces will work toward that end. Anglo-Saxon 
and Latin American have largely lived apart in the past, mis- 
understanding one another and unable to unite in a service of 
which the rest of the world is so greatly in need. 


There are, however, encouraging signs of promise on the 
horizon in spite of a century of misunderstanding between the 
Americas. The United States troops have been withdrawn 
from Santo Domingo, there are thousands of students from 
Latin American countries in the United States, and five hun- 
dred teachers from the North last year attended summer 
school in Mexico City. Fast steamers now ply between New 
York and Buenos Aires on the east coast and New York 
through the Panama Canal to Valparaiso on the west—these 
and many other things are promises of closer friendship. On 
the other hand the Latin American periodicals are filled with 
sentiments like the one recently expressed by the Chilean poet- 
ess, Gabriela Mistral, who says that two things unite the 
Southern Americans, the beautiful Spanish language and the 
hurt caused by the United States. 


Through the Committee on Cooperation in Latin America 
the missionary enterprise has secured a new place in the 
building of international friendship. This Committee has 
always eschewed purely political questions. It has been 
forced into working, however, for Inter-American friendship, 


222 


COOPERATION IN LATIN AMERICA 223 


always keeping in mind that if justice and mutual understand- 
ing can beget international friendship on the American Con- 
tinent, the whole world will be blest. 

During the last few years, activities of the Committee on 
Cooperation the following outstanding developments may be 
cited. First, an enlarged emphasis on evangelical missionary 
work in Latin America; every one of the twenty-eight boards, 
members of this Committee has greatly enlarged its work dur- 
ing this period, causing an enlarged interest in the churches at 
home. Second, there has been an enlarged conception of the 
meaning and opportunity of mission work in these Southern 
countries. Many new hospitals, nursing agencies, social cen- 
ters, extension of educational work, etc., have enlarged the 
sphere of influence of the missionary enterprise. Third, closer 
cooperation among the missionary forces; an understanding as 
to the responsibility for the occupation of territory has been 
reached in practically every one of the twenty Latin American 
countries. While some societies, not members of this Com- 
mittee, do not observe these rules of comity, all the twenty- 
eight boards that are not only recognize this delimitation of 
territory but report a great gain in efficiency because of it. 
Many union schools and union presses have been developed 
as well as other institutions on a federated or united plan. 
Probably the greatest gain has been in the spirit of unity which 
so widely pervades the mission boards at home and the work- 
ers on the field, not simply one of “live and let live,” but one 
of real working together with willingness to sacrifice smaller 
things for the great work of the Kingdom of God. Some of 
the most notable chapters in the development of missionary 
work have been written during the last few years in this co- 
operative work in Latin America. Fourth, a new emphasis 
on literature; before the Committee’s organization, while the 
need of Christian literature was greatly felt, there was no way 
of systematically developing it. This Committee has furnished 
the organization, through which the missions have been able to 
work for the development of this most needed arm for the 
propagation of the Gospel. Fifth, the publication of an organ 
that represents Christian opinion before the Spanish-speaking 
world. The publishing of La Nurva DEMocracIA is in some 
ways the greatest single achievement of the Committee. It 
has long been recognized that such an organ was necessary for 
reaching the educated classes of Latin America. No single 
society could command the finances, or sufficient representa- 
tion of all the forces, to publish such an organ. The Evan- 
gelical work has been dignified throughout Latin America 
because of this review. 


224 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


The Committee has endeavored to serve in the United 
States the summer student and missionary conferences, the 
series of united missionary rallies held in various cities by the 
foreign boards and the Federal Council conferences at Chau- 
tauqua. On the field the following were especially important: 
The South American Convention of Christian Endeavor, held 
in Brazil; Conference of the Evangelical Church to celebrate 
Brazilian independence, in Rio de Janeiro; national summer 
conferences of Christian Workers, in Chile; national summer 
conferences of Christian Workers, in Cuba; national conven- 
tion of Sunday School and Young People’s Work, in Mexico; 
national Sunday School Convention, in Argentina. The Edu- 
cational Secretary has held conferences with the Regional 
Committees of Cooperation in almost all of the South Amer- 
ican countries. 

The Educational Secretary of the Committee on Coopera- 
tion in Latin America has headquarters in South America and 
visits the whole continent. Huis reports show that he has had a 
remarkable reception and opportunity in all these countries. 
In Rio de Janeiro he preached in the American Union Church 
before the Secretary of State Hughes and the American colony 
during the Brazilian Centennial. He also attended the con- 
ference of the Evangelical Church of Brazil in Rio de Janeiro 
and represented the United Society of Christian Endeavor and 
his own Committee at the South American Convention of 
Christian Endeavor. He has assisted in the completion and 
reorganization of the Methodist Girls’ School in Uruguay, 
probably the finest girls’ boarding school on the Continent. 
In Chile he met with the Committee on Cooperation and 
visited a large number of the mission stations, holding union 
meetings and conferences with the workers. He lectured in 
the University of Chile and a large government school in 
Valparaiso and was entertained by some of the leading citizens 
of the country who were desirous of discussing spiritual ques- 
tions. In Bolivia he reorganized the Committee on Coopera- 
tion and addressed important gatherings of educators. In 
Peru, Colombia and Venezuela he has made important contacts 
with educators and missionaries. , 

Each year the work of Literature becomes a larger and more 
important element in the general program of the Committee. 
Each year the missionary world leans more heavily upon the 
power of the printing press, realizing that the Christian mis- 
sionary tradition of the spoken message represents only the 
use of the best means at hand, and does not imply that the 
Church must in this day depend entirely upon the spoken word. 
The main objective of the Literature department of the Com- 


COOPERATION IN LATIN AMERICA 225 


mittee is the provision of more and better Spanish and Portu- 
guese literature for the Christian constituency in Latin 
America. Its distinct lines of activity are: (1) Making, sub- 
sidizing and supervising translations; (2) securing their 
publication; (3) Enlisting the interest of qualified indigenous 
writers in the production of original works; (4) Subsidizing 
the publication of books badly needed but ‘not commercially 
profitable; (5) Publishing of La Nueva Democractra; (6) 
Insuring the general circulation of good literature through 
the Book Department of La Nueva Democracta; (7) 
Publishing books such as the Spanish Commentary on the 
International Sunday School Lessons; (8) Preparing material 
for regular religious and secular press service in Latin Amer- 
ica; (9) Preparing a monthly “Sermon Material Service” for 
local pastors in Latin America; (10) General supervision of 
the activities of cooperative bookstores in Mexico, Porto 
Rico, Cuba, Santo Domingo and Chile. 

This program requires the services of a staff aided by Dr. 
Juan Orts-Gonzales, as Editor of Spanish Publication, to 
which much of the Executive Secretary’s time and attention 
is given. Principally occupied as Editor of La Nuerva 
DeEmocraciA, he also corrects and revises the material for 
the sermon outlines and the monthly religious and secular press 
services. Dr. Orts is writing in Spanish a series of papers 
covering the field of modern Christian apologetics, designed 
to appeal particularly to the Latin mind. 

La Nueva Democract4, the Spanish magazine which tries to 
place before the educated classes of Latin America the ethical 
and social aims of world Christianity, continues to grow in cir- 
culation and in influence. <A particularly interesting develop- 
ment has been the growth of the circulation among the pro- 
fessional and merchant classes—the upper middle class of 
Latin America. 

West Indies. From the viewpoint of the rights and duties 
of small nations the Caribbean District is the most important 
part of the world for the United States. Lack of order and 
progress in these countries, so very near to the United States, 
has led the latter country to extend more and more its influ- 
ence among them. The fact that their government has assumed 
financial or military control over most of these countries makes 
the Christian forces of the United States especially responsible 
for their spiritual life and for seeing that these small and weak 
countries are treated justly by their great neighbor. Otherwise 
the spiritual message of our missionaries falls on deaf ears. 

When the United States Senate appointed a committee to 
investigate the occupation of Haiti, the Federal Council of 


226 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Churches, the Home Missions Council and the Committee on 
Cooperation appointed a joint committee to represent the senti- 
ment of the missionary forces in regard to the just relation- 
ships that should exist between the two countries. As a result 
of this investigation the various departments of government in 
Haiti have been co-ordinated by the appointment of a Commis- 
sioner General. It was disappointing to have the Senate com- 
mittee take no account of the violation of the sovereignty of 
Haiti except in the following terms: “The American repre- 
sentatives in the opinion of your committee influenced the 
majority of the Assembly in the choice of a President. Later 
they exercised pressure to induce the ratification by Haiti of a 
treaty with the United States, precisely as the United States 
had exercised pressure to induce the incorporation of the Platt 
Amendment in the Constitution of Cuba.” No more serious 
question faces the United States or Latin America than whether 
the real facts admitted by these diplomatic phrases are to form 
the permanent basis of relations between the United States and 
the Caribbean countries. 

Santo Domingo. Four years ago when several mission boards 
were planning to open work in Santo Domingo, practically a 
virgin field, a survey of the situation was made by the Secre- 
tary of the Committee on Cooperation in Latin America at the 
request of its West Indies Committee. The submission of his 
report to the boards working in the West Indies resulted in 
the organization of the Board for Christian Work in Santo 
Domingo, in which five boards are united. Workers are chosen 
for their suitability rather than denominational affiliations, 
and graduates of the Porto Rico Evangelical Seminary began 
the evangelistic work. The response of the constituency at 
home as well as in Porto Rico was immediate in the support 
of this work. The Board has four large organized churches, a 
twenty-five bed hospital with out-of-town clinics, a splendid 
large property and new auditorium in the capital and a site 
and plans for a proposed new hospital. The success of the 
work has been almost overwhelming. It has upset all calcula- 
tions for equipment and workers and is limited only by finances. 

Mexico. The Evangelical Church in Mexico is growing 
rapidly and its growth is felt in the nation at large probably 
more than in any other Latin American country. Through its 
union paper and the strong Committee on Cooperation in 
Mexico it speaks a united message. Its opportunities are un- 
limited. Various departments of the government and social 
and educational movements are demanding that the evangelicals 
furnish leadership for temperance, labor, educational and other 
reforms. The large congregations and Sunday schools in 


COOPERATION IN LATIN AMERICA 227 


Mexico City are most impressive. The same can be said of 
evangelical developments in other cities. The President of the 
Republic, the Minister of Foreign Affairs and other govern- 
ment officials report reading La Nueva Democracia with 
deep appreciation and received help from it in working out 
Mexico’s social and moral problems. During a recent visit 
the Executive Secretary of the Committee on Cooperation in 
Latin America was particularly impressed with the develop- 
ment of social and educational movements in Mexico. 

The division of territorial responsibility for mission work 
has now been put into operation throughout the country. In 
several places the congregations formerly under the auspices of 
mission boards now carry on their own work independently. 
This has developed some friction, but it is showing also the 
ability of Mexican Christians to support and extend their work. 
The Union Theological Seminary and Union Press are large 
important institutions. Plans for a Union college representing 
the best in North American and Mexican education are being 
formulated jointly by the Federal Council of Churches and 
the Committee on Cooperation in Latin America. 

Brazil. The office of the Committee on Cooperation in 
Brazil is reported to be the busiest place in the city. Professor 
Erasmo Braga is the Executive Secretary and is in charge of 
the production of Portuguese literature. The evangelicals took 
an outstanding part in the Centennial celebration of Brazil’s 
independence. A special program and forms of prayer were 
arranged which churches all over the nation followed on the 
same day. The findings of a meeting of the evangelicals at 
that time were the most advanced in the spirit of cooperation 
of any documents ever produced in Brazil. The government 
sent a representative to the conference to discuss with the dele- 
gates the securing of better statistics along religious and social 
lines. The statistics show: 65,705 evangelical Christians, 
106,000 adherents, 528 church buildings, 331 lay workers, 190 
candidates for the ministry, 5,000 students in the University 
Federation. This does not include the Lutherans or the Angli- 
cans and a number of other churches that have not reported 
their statistics. 

Conditions have shifted rapidly both in the evangelical work 
and in general in Latin America since the holding of the Pan- 
ama Congress in 1916. Plans are now being carried out for 
the holding of two great conferences, one for South America 
in Montevideo, March 29-April 8, 1925, and the other for the 
regions north of Panama in Mexico City one year later. 


SAMUEL G. INMAN, 
Executive Secretary. 


STUDENT VOLUNTEER MOVEMENT FOR 
FOREIGN MISSIONS 


The fourfold purpose of the Student Volunteer Movement 
has been revised; and the following wording expresses our 
purpose today: 

With the conviction that the first task of the Church is “The 
Evangelization of the world in this generation,” and with the firm 
belief that every Christian should put his life into harmony with the 
will of God, we state as our objective, That every Christian student 
find his right relation to foreign missions. In the realization of this 
objective we purpose: (1) To challenge students to consider foreign 
missions as a possible life work; and to lay an equal responsibility on 
those not led or permitted to work abroad to choose their vocations 
in the light of Christian missions and the world’s needs. (2) To unite 
those students who have declared their purpose to become foreign 
missionaries, for mutual helpfulness in preparing for their life’s work 
and in permeating the organizations of which they are members with 
the spirit and aims of foreign missions. (3) To relate a sufficient 
number of properly qualified students to the foreign missionary agen- 
cies of the Church to carry on an adequate Christian program through- 
out the world. (4) To lay the burden of responsibility on all Chris- 
tian students, intelligently to promote and support the missionary 
enterprise. 

We have had some changes in administration, and the addi- 
tion of three new members on our Board of Trustees. We 
rejoice in a strong staff of traveling secretaries: Archibald 
Campbell, Joseph M. Connally, Walter H. Judd, E. Warner 
Lentz, Jr., Miss Ethel E. Nicholas, Miss Gertrude E. Swallen, 
and Miss Corilla Brodnax, who has been allocated to head- 
quarters to assist in editing the Student Volunteer Bulletin. 

According to its custom the Student Volunteer Council held 
its annual meeting during the third week of February at 
Wallace Lodge, Yonkers, N. Y. Among the matters which 
received attention were the consideration of physical examina- 
tions for prospective Volunteers, and changes in the composi- 
tion of the Council for the future, i.e. making some member- 
ships biennial, instead of annually electing all new members. 
Every Student Volunteer is now expected to take a physical 
examination before he is enrolled as a member of the Move- 
ment. 

Our field work has had a splendid record during the past 
year. There is abundant evidence of the value of traveling 
secretaries not only in the matter of stimulating interest, but 
in bringing students more vitally into touch with the deep 
realities of life. Altogether there were 41 State Student 
Volunteer conferences held, most of which were attended by 


228 


STUDENT VOLUNTEER MOVEMENT 229 


Student Volunteer secretaries. These conferences were also 
attended by approximately 10,000 students from 590 institu- 
tions. During the Christmas vacation there was held in In- 
dianapolis, Ind., the Ninth Quadrennial Convention of the 
Student Volunteer Movement, attended by 6,200 delegates 
from 841 institutions of learning. 

The candidate work of the Movement has passed through a 
successful year, and in addition we have been able to intensify 
our contacts with detained Volunteers. For prayer, help and 
financial support these providentially hindered Volunteers may 
be of great assistance to the Movement in the future. During 
the past four years 2225 Student Volunteers have sailed for 
service in foreign mission fields under North American For- 
eign Missionary Societies—the largest number in any quad- 
rennium. We have reason to believe that there has been a 
steady improvement in the educational qualifications of these 
candidates. At this year’s meeting of the Foreign Missions 
Conference the following action was taken: 

(1) That the Foreign Missions Conference of North America most 
heartily congratulates the Student Volunteer Movement on having 
held at Indianapolis, Indiana, December 28, 1923, to January 1, 1924, 
an international missionary convention of profound significance and 
widespread influence, attended by 6,000 student and faculty delegates 
from nearly 1,000 institutions in the U. S. A. and Canada, to whom 
were presented, in impressive addresses and thoroughly interesting 
discussion groups and forums, some of the outstanding problems of 


our present generation in the light of God’s Word and in the interest 
of its triumph throughout the world. 


(2) That the Foreign Missions Conference of North America en- 
courages the Student Volunteer Movement to continue its blessed 
efforts to serve as an educational and recruiting agency for the Boards 
of Foreign Missions in securing the service of consecrated and quali- 
fied men and women for their foreign fields. 

(3) That the Foreign Missions Conference of North America ex- 
presses its hearty appreciation of the adherence of the Student Volun- 
teer Movement to its original policy of serving the Boards of Foreign 
Missions in supplying candidates for foreign fields and not diverting 
its energies to other forms of service, and therefore it pledges and 
urges all constituent Boards to give the Student Volunteer Movement 
most hearty support and encouragement in the continued prosecution 
of its great and blessed efforts to fill our educational institutions with 
the missionary spirit and the members of our rising generations with 
ardent zeal for service as missionaries in all the world. 

The situation in the colleges is full of promise for those 
interested in missionary education. The indifference and 
prejudice of a year or two ago are less noticeable. Students 
in not a few instances are manifesting revived interest in the 
missionary program of the churches. Having seen the rela- 
tionship of such great international questions as race to the 
whole missionary enterprise, and having been driven afresh 


230 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


to a discovery for themselves of the spirit and principles of 
Jesus, students now seem ready in increasing numbers to study 
the missionary enterprise as it 1s. 

Throughout the year we have retained as cordial relation- 
ships with other organizations as in past years, e.g., the I*ed- 
eral Council of the Churches, the Foreign Missions Confer- 
ence, the Student Departments of the Young Men’s and Young 
Women’s Christian Associations, etc. The General Secretary 
took part in the meeting of the General Committee of the 
World’s Student Christian Federation at High Leigh, Hoddes- 
don, England, August 7-21, as a representative of the Move- 
ment in Lands without National Organization. 

In conclusion I wish to say a word about the spiritual life 
of students. Since January first there has begun to appear a 
significant change in the attitude of Christian students. It 
has been quite evident in most of the twenty-two conferences 
I have attended since Indianapolis. It reveals a swing of the 
pendulum from the problem complex to a sense of personal 
need. There is no less interest in the solution of social, inter- 
national and interracial problems, but the main concern of 
many students today is as to how they can prepare themselves 
to help solve these and other problems. They seek answers to 
questions like these: what is the meaning of prayer; what is a 
life of victory, and can I live it; must I go on without spiritual 
power. In more than one conference it was impossible to meet 
all who wanted talks about personal problems. At quarter past 
six one morning seventy-five men came to me desiring to learn 
the secret of a life of victory. Other cases may be cited. Not 
since the early years of the Movement’s history have I been so 
encouraged, because it seems clear that a spiritual awakening 
among students is near. 

Rospert P. WILDER, 
General Secretary. 


PART IV 


RECORDS OF THE QUADRENNIUM 


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MINUTES OF JOINT MEETING OF THE EXECU- 
TIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEES 
December 3, 1924 


A joint meeting of the Executive and Administrative Com- 
mittees of the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in 
America was held at the Central Presbyterian Church, At- 
lanta, Georgia, Wednesday morning, December 3, at 11 o’clock. 

Rev. F. W. Burnham, Chairman of the Executive Commit- 
tee, presiding. 

Prayer was offered by Rev. Frank Mason North. 

The following members of the committees were present: 


DENOMINATIONAL MEMBERS 


Baptist Churches, North 
Carl E. Milliken 
Rev. John M. Moore 
Rev. Howard B. Grose 
Rey.:-Albert G. Lawson 


National Baptist Convention 


H. W. Holloway 
Rev. I. A. Thomas 
Rev. Thomas H. White 


Free Baptist Churches 


Rev. Alfred Wms. Anthony 
Rey. Rivington D. Lord 


Christian Church 


Rev. W. W. Staley 
Rev. Martyn Summerbell 
Rev. J. O. Atkinson 


Congregational Churches 
Rey. C. E. Burton 
Rev. Frederick L. Fagley 
Fred B. Smith 


Disciples of Christ 


Rev. Peter Ainslie 
Rev. L. W. McCreary 
Rev. A. E. Cory 


Evangelical Church 


Bishop S. C. Breyfogel 
Bishop M. T. Maze 
Rev. H. V. Summers 


233 


234 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Methodist Episcopal Church 


Ernest H. Cherrington 
Rev. Frank Mason North 


Methodist Episcopal Church, South 


Mrs. H. R. Steele 
Rev. George B. Winton 
Bishop James Cannon, Jr. 


African M. E. Zion Church 
Rey. H. J. Callis 


Methodist Protestant Church 
Rev. Thomas H. Lewis 


Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A. 


Oliver R. Williamson 
President William H. Black 
Alfred R. Kimball 


Presbyterian Church in the U. S. (South) 
Rev. George Summey 


Reformed Church in the U. S. 


Rev. Rufus W. Miller 
Franklin P. Brown 

Rey. Henry J. Christman 
Rev. Charles E. Schaeffer 


Reformed Episcopal Church 
Bishop Robert L. Rudolph 


United Brethren in Christ 


W. G. Clippinger 
Bishop H. H. Fout 
Rev. S. S. Hough 


Seventh Day Baptist 
Rev. Arthur E. Main 


United Presbyterian 


Rev. D. F. McGill 
Rev. R. A. Hutchison 





Walter R. Mee, Chicago Federation of Churches 
David G. Latshaw, International Committee, Y. M. C. A. 


Secretaries: 
Rev. Charles S. Macfarland 
Rev. Samuel McCrea Cavert 
Rey. Sidney L. Gulick 
Rev. Roy B. Guild 
The report of the Administrative Committee to the Execu- 
tive Committee, found on pages 302 to 323 of this volume 
was presented. 


VOTED: To accept the report for transmission to the 
Council. 


EXECUTIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEES 235 


A report of the transactions of the Executive Committee for 
the past quadrennium, found on pages 284 ff. of this volume, 
was presented. 


VOTED: That the report be approved for submission to 
the Council. 


VOTED: To present to the Council the general statement 
of the Federal Council’s service during the Quadrennium, as 
published on pages 87 to 100 of this volume. 

Bishop Cannon presented the tentative program for the 
Quadrennial Meeting as printed and it was voted to accept 
the same and that it be recommended to the Council for adop- 
tion subject to necessary changes. 


VOTED: That we recommend to the Council that the 
Committee. that prepared this program be the Committee on 
Program during the sessions of the Council. 


VOTED: That the report of the Committee on Policy be 
accepted and transmitted to the Council for action. 


VOTED: That we recommend the adoption of the Rules 
of Order as previously observed by the Council as the Rules 
of Order for this meeting of the Council. 


VOTED: That each denominational group be requested to 
appoint, at the close of this afternoon session, a Chairman of 
its delegation and report his name to the Secretary. 


VOTED: That we recommend that the President of the 
Council appoint the following committees: Message, Busi- 
ness, Credentials, Necrology and Closing Resolutions. 


VOTED: That Secretaries Guild and Holmes be associ- 
ated with the Recording Secretary in making up the roll of 
delegates to the Council. 


VOTED: That the Recording Secretary be authorized to 
select two or more Assistant Secretaries for this session of 
the Council. 

The Recording Secretary named Rev. C. E. Schaeffer and 
Rev. A. J. C. Bond as Assistant Secretaries. 

General Secretary Macfarland presented a communication 
received from Rev. Robert Bagnell regarding the Commission 
on Federation of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 


VOTED: That this communication be referred to the 
Chairman to be chosen by the Methodist Episcopal delegation. 


VOTED: That a Committee consisting of Dr. North, Dr. 
Marquis, Dr. Burton, Dr. White and Dr. Idleman serve as 


236 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


the Nominating Committee and report to the Council as pro- | 
vided in the Constitution. 


VOTED: To hear the report of the Committee on Nomina- 
tions. Rev. Frank Mason North, Chairman, nominated for 
Recording Secretary, Rev. Rivington D. Lord. 


VOTED: To approve this nomination. 
For Treasurer, Mr. Frank H. Mann. 


VOTED: To approve this nomination. 
For President, Rev. S. Parkes Cadman. 
This nomination was approved by a rising vote. 


VOTED: To adjourn to meet at the call of the Chairman. 
Closing prayer was offered by Rev. Peter Ainslie. 
VOTED: To adjourn. 


Rivincton D. Lorp, 
Recording Secretary. 


MINUTES OF QUADRENNIAL MEETING 


THE FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF 
CHRIST IN AMERICA 


Atlanta, Georgia, December 3-9, 1924 


Wednesday, December 3, 2:30 P.M. 


The Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America 
met in the Central Presbyterian Church in Atlanta, Georgia, 
Wednesday, December 3, 1924, at 2:30 o’clock in the afternoon, 
pursuant to the following call: 


Pursuant to the authority vested in us by Section 7 of Chapter 
131 of the Laws of the State of New York for 1924, entitled “An 
Act Incorporating the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ 
in America,’ we hereby call a meeting for the organization of the 
corporation thereby created, to be held in the Central Presby- 
terian Church in Atlanta, Georgia, on Wednesday, December 
third, 1924, at 2:30 o’clock in the afternoon. All of those who 
have heretofore been appointed, or who shall prior to said meet- 
ing be appointed, as official representatives of any of the following 
organizations or who are members of the Federal Council of the 
Churches of Christ in America formed in the City of Philadelphia 
in the year 1908 or of the Federal Council of the Churches of 
Christ in America incorporated under the laws of the District of 
Columbia in the year 1915, are hereby invited to attend the 
meeting: 


Northern Baptist Convention Methodist Protestant Church 
National Baptist Convention Moravian Church 
Free Baptist Churches Presbyterian Church in the 
Christian Church LB Pen pide t 
Churches of God in N. A. Presbyterian Church in the 
(General Eldership) U. S. (South) 
Congregational Churches Primitive Methodist Church 
Disciples of Christ Protestant Episcopal Commis- 
Friends sion on Christian Unity and 
Evangelical Church Department of Christian 
Evangelical Synod of N. A. Social Service. 

Methodist Episcopal Church Reformed Church in America 
Methodist Episcopal Church, Reformed Church in the U. S. 
South Reformed Episcopal Church 
African M. E. Church Seventh Day Baptist Churches 

African M. E. Zion Church United Brethren Church 
Colored M. E. Church in United Presbyterian Church 
America 
(Signed) 


Rospert E. SPEER 
Howarp B. GrosE 
CHARLES S. MACFARLAND 
ALFRED R. KIMBALL 
Dated, New York, N. Y., SAMUEL McCrea CAVERT 
October 16, 1924 LANDRETH H. KING 


237 


238 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


A quorum of more than twenty-five persons was present, 


including: 


Rorert E. Sreer 
Howarp B. Grosrt 
Rivincton D. Lorp 
Axprrep WILLIAMS ANTHONY 
Cart E. MILirKEN 
Apert G. Lawson 
Martyn SUMMERBELL 
CuHaries E. Burton 
Prev B. Smity 

A. F. Cory 

S. C. BreyFoGEL 

Frank Mason Nortu 
RockweLL H. Porrer 
Ferenerick W. BurNHAM 


i ; 


Tames CANNON, JR. 
Prov Aris 

CHARLES FE. SCHAEFFER 
ARTHUR E. MAIN 

W. W. STALEY 

GrorcE SUMMEY 
Ottver R. WILLIAMSON 
Ropert L. Rupvo.rpr 
F, L. Faciey 

W. G. CLiIpPINGER 

R. A. HutcHIson 
Joun M. Moore 

T. A. THomas 

Mes. H. R. STEELE 


Joun A. Marovuis 


Robert E. Speer was chosen president pro tem and Riving- 
ton D. Lord, secretary pro tem. 

Devotional services were conducted by Dr. Robert E. Speer. 
The hymn, “All Hail the Power of Jesus’ Name,” was sung. 
A scripture lesson from Ephesians IV was read and prayer 
was offered by Dr. Speer. 


VOTED: To adjourn the business session to 9:30 A.M., 
Thursday, December 4, at the same place. 


Rrvincton D. Lorp, 
Secretary pro tem. 


The unincorporated Federal Council held a session immedi- 
ately following with the following program: 

Mr. Harry A. Eastman, in behalf of Near East Relief, pre- 
sented a gavel made in the orphanage at Nazareth to Dr. 
Speer, as President of the Council, which was received with 
appropriate remarks. 

Rev. Richard Orme Flinn made a report for the Committee 
on Arrangements. The President also introduced Dr. Ben 
Lacey, Pastor of the Central Presbyterian Church, who briefly 
addressed the Council. 

Bishop James Cannon, Jr., the Chairman of the Committee 
on Program, presented the printed program as the report of 
his committee. The Recording Secretary presented an item 
from the report of the Executive Committee recommending 


the adoption of the program as submitted by the Program 
Committee. 


VOTED: To adopt the program. 


The report of the Executive Committee was presented by 
the Chairman, Rev. F. W. Burnham. 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 239 


VOTED: That it be accepted and referred to the Commit- 
tee on Business when that committee shall have been appointed. 


Rey. A. W. Anthony offered the following resolution: 


WHEREAS, The Federal Council of the Churches of Christ 
in America, projected in 1905, organized in 1908 under a Con- 
stitution and By-Laws and a Plan of Federation which has 
been approved by the Christian bodies composing it, has se- 
cured an Act of Incorporation by the Senate and Assembly 
of the State of New York, known as Chapter 131, of the 
laws of 1924, approved April 12, 1924; 


AND WHEREAS, This act of Incorporation confirms 
powers previously enjoyed, permits the holding of meetings in 
any place in the United States, and confers “powers conferred 
on Corporations by the General Corporation law and the mem- 
bership corporation law” of the State of New York; now, 
therefore, be it 


RESOLVED, That the Federal Council of the Churches of 
Christ in America hereby authorizes and directs its officers 
of every name and capacity to transfer and deliver to the 
officers of like name and capacity of the Federal Council of 
the Churches of Christ in America, incorporated under the 
laws of New York, all the books, accounts and other assets 
of every sort and description and hereby transfers its powers, 
functions and activities to the said corporation. 


VOTED: To adopt the resolution. 


The Recording Secretary presented the following recom- 
mendations from the Executive Committee: 


(1) That the Committee who prepared the tentative program be 
the Committee on Program for the Council during its sessions. 


(2) That the report of the Committee on Policy be accepted for 
transmission to the Council. 


(3) That the Rules of Order as previously observed by the Council 
3 AacHieE as the Rules of Order for this meeting of the 
ouncil. 


(4) That each denominational group be requested to appoint at 
the close of this afternoon’s session a chairman of its delega- 
tion and report his name to the Recording Secretary. 


(5) That the President appoint the following committees: 
Business Committee 
Committee on Message 
Committee on Credentials 
Committee on Closing Resolutions 
Committee on Necrology 


VOTED: To adopt the recommendations, as presented. 
An address of welcome from the Churches of Atlanta on 
the subject, “The Need of the World for the Church of Christ,” 


240 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


was delivered by Professor Plato T. Durham, President of 
the Atlanta Christian Council. President Speer fittingly re- 
sponded. . 

Greetings from the churches of other lands were given by 
| Dr. A. K. Reischauer of Tokyo for the National Christian 
Council of Japan, Rev. H. C. Tucker for the Committee on 
Cooperation in Brazil, Dr. Julius H.. Richter for the Evan- 
gelical Church Federation of Germany, Rev. T. Albert Moore 
for the Joint Committee on Church Union in Canada. 

Bishop Kirkman G. Finlay presented the following com- 
munication from the Synod of the Province of Sewanee, rep- 
resenting the Episcopal Church in the Dioceses of the South- 
east. 


“The Synod of the Province of Sewanee, representing the Epis- 
copal Church in the Dioceses of the Southeast, hears with pleasure 
that the Federal Council of Churches will hold its next meeting 
in the city of Atlanta, in the borders of the Province. 

“The Synod extends its greeting to the Federal Council of the 
Churches and assures it of its interest in the great work the 
Council is doing for the cause of Christian fellowship and of its 
prayers for the success of that work, and it further requests the 
Right Reverend Kirkman G. Finlay, Bishop of Upper South Caro- 
lina, and the Right Reverend H. J. Mikell, Bishop of Atlanta, and 
the Reverend W. W. Meminger of Atlanta to act as friendly visi- 
tors and express this greeting to the Federal Council.” 


VOTED: That the representatives of the Synod of the 
Province of Sewanee be invited to sit as corresponding mem- 
bers of the Council. 


Dr. Macfarland presented messages from 


National Churches of Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, through Erasmo Braga, 
Executive Secretary 

Chilean Committee on Cooperation in Latin America, Santiago, 
through Robert B. Elmore, Chairman 

Evangelical Churches of Mexico, Mexico City, through Committee on 
Cooperation in Mexico, J. Howland, President; Andres Osuna, 
Executive Secretary; Federation of Christian Workers, Orwyn W. 
E. Cook, President; Mrs. R. A. Carhart, Secretary; also signed by 
William Wallace, R. Williamson, E. T. Cornelius, J. P. Hauser, and 
Rev. William Watson 

National Council of the Evangelical Free Churches, London, through 
Rev. Thomas Nightingale, Honorary Secretary 

Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, 
Amsterdam, through P. Groote, President, and H. Grottendieck, 
Secretary 

Union of Evangelical Protestant Churches of Belgium, Brussels, 
through The Synodical Executive Committee, P. Rochedieu 

Council of the French Protestant Federation, Paris, through Edouard 
Gruner, President, and Elie Bonnet 

Waldensian Church, Torre Pellice, through Bartolomeo Leger, Mod- 
erator 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 241 


Spanish Evangelical Church, Madrid, through E. Lindegaard, Presi- 
dent, and John Fliedner, Secretary 

Executive Committee of the German Federal Council of Churches, 
Berlin-Charlottenburg, through D. Moeller, President 

Evangelical Executive Committee for Austria 

Danish Church, through N. Osterfeld, Bishop 

Archbishop Nathan Soederblom, Upsala, Sweden 

German Evangelical Church in Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia, Ga- 
blonz on the Weisse, through E. Wehrenpfennig, President 

Evangelical Church in Siebenbtirgen, Rumania, through F. Teutsch, 
Bishop 

Lithuanian Evangelical Reformed Church, Birzai, through P. Jaku- 
benas, Superintendent 

Evangelical Churches of Poland, Posen, through Dr. Plan 

Consistory of the Evangelical Reformed Church of Poland, Warsaw, 
through the Chairman, K. Tosioy, and the Superintendent, Secre- 
tary and members of the Consistory 

Reon eg Church of Yugo-Slavia, Retfala, through Geza Stadler, 
enior 

Professor Frank Zilka, Federation of Protestant Churches of Czecho- 
Slovakia 

Central Board of the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren, Prague, 
through Joseph Seucek, Senior and President, also Ferd. Kavka, 
Ferd. Hrejsa, A. Bohae and J. Kral 

Direction of the Brethren’s Unity (Moravian Church) in Czecho- 
Slovakia, Herrnhut, through Dr. W. E. Schmidt 

Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem, Elisee Tourian 

Gregorius, Archbishop of Constantinople, and Gallinicus, Metropol- 
itan of Cyzicus 

Archbishop Alexander, Greek Archdiocese of North and South 
America 

Archbishop Panteleimon, Greek Orthodox Church, on behalf of the 
Patriarch of Jerusalem 


The hymn, “The Church’s One Foundation,’ was sung, 
after which the President introduced the Right Honorable 
Sir Willoughby Dickinson of London, who delivered an ad- 
dress on “The Church Universal the Hope for World Peace.” 


The Recording Secretary read a cablegram of greeting from 
Rt. Rev. Charles H. Brent from Geneva, Switzerland, and 
also the following from Rev. Elias B. Sanford, Honorary 
Secretary of the Federal Council: 

Rockfall, Conn., 
November 25, 1924. 

Dear Brethren: 

During a closing session of the great historic Inter- Church Con- 
ference on Federation held in New York in 1905, the venerable and 
beloved Bishop A. W. Wilson of the M. E. Church, South, with 
prophetic outlook, said: “Fifty years ago this Conference ‘would 
have been an impossibility. I remember the jealousies and dis- 
trusts and alienations of those years, and I know that nobody 
would have dreamed of entering into such a combination and Con- 
ference as we have here today; and I am perfectly certain that in 
ten, twenty years to come we shall see results that we do not 


242 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


dream of today. This river is going to widen as it goes out from 
under the temple, and it is going to fructify all soils and all lands, 
and the day is coming when the richest harvests that earth ever 
saw will grow up and bless all lands as the fruit and result of our 
gathering and speaking and praying here. One soweth and an- 
other reapeth; we labor, and others in years to come will enter 
into our labors. I shall not live to see it, but before God, I expect 
that in ten, twenty years to come we shall have results from this 
combination of Christian forces such as have not been realized by 
the Church of Christ in the last two centuries and I thank God for 
the prospect. The blessing of God is on the Conference and will 
continue to follow its work in the years to come.’ 

Looking back over the record of the years that have passed since 
these prophetic words were uttered we have reason to rejoice in 
the measure of their fulfillment. “The Council,” says a leading 
denominational journal, “is in itself the most hopeful fact in the 
religious life of America today.” The prayers of its founders have 
been answered in activities of service that have expressed the 
spirit of unity and loyalty to Christ that lies at the heart of the 
Christian life of the nation. 

With forward look, realizing the imperative need of united effort 
in the fields of evangelism, religious education, social service, local 
federations, racial and international relations, you are called as 
messengers of the Churches to give guidance and leadership. 

In all your deliberations may the intercessory prayer of our Di- 
vine Lord and Redeemer prevail, “that they may all be one; even 
as Thou, Father, art in me, and I in Thee, that they also may be 
one in us; that the world may believe that Thou didst send me.” 

With greetings tender with many memories, I am 

Fraternally yours, 


(Signed) E. B. SANrForp. 


VOTED: That the Recording Secretary make a suitable 
response to Dr. Sanford’s message. 

VOTED: That the President and General Secretary of the 
Council be instructed to send Scriptural Greetings to the Na- 
tional Council of the Y. M. C. A., in session in Buffalo, New 
York. 

The Act of the New York Legislature, entitled Chapter 131 
of the Laws of 1924, was read, as follows: 


LAWS OF NEW YORK 
CHAPTER 131 


An ACT incorporating the Federal Council of the Churches of 
Christ in America. Became a law April 12, 1924, with the approval 
of the Governor. 

The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and 
Assembly, do enact as follows: 

Section 1. All such persons as are now or hereafter may become 
members of the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in 
America, formed in the city of Philadelphia in the year one thou- 
sand nine hundred and eight, or of the Federal Council of the 
Churches of Christ in America, incorporated under the laws of the 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 243 


District of Columbia in the year one thousand nine hundred and 
fifteen, are hereby constituted a body corporate with the name 
“The Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America.” 


Section 2. The objects of said corporation shall be, to promote 
the spirit of fellowship, service and cooperation among the 
Churches of Christ in America, to secure larger efficiency in their 
work, to endeavor to prevent their duplication of effort and ex- 
penditure and to increase their influence by united action in every 
department of their operations at home and abroad. 


Section 3. The said corporation, at any time it shall determine 
so to do, may elect or appoint such officers, and may adopt such 
by-laws or regulations in relation to its organization, to the man- 
agement, disposition and sale of its real or personal property, to 
the duties and powers of its officers, and to the management and 
conduct of its corporate business and affairs as it shall think 
proper, provided such by-laws or regulations are not inconsistent 
with the laws of the United States or of this state. 


Section 4. The said corporation shall have power to receive, 
take and hold any property, real or personal, by virtue of any 
devise, bequest, gift, grant or purchase, either absolutely or in 
trust, for any of the objects stated in section two, and to make 
investments of its funds or of the proceeds thereof, subject, how- 
ever, to the limitations expressed in the laws of this state as to 
the aggregate amount it may hold of such property, and subject 
also in respect to bequests from persons residing in the State of 
New York, to the provisions of section seventeen of chapter eigh- 
teen of the laws of nineteen hundred and nine known as the de- 
cedent estate law. And the said corporation shall be competent 
also to act as trustee in respect to any devise, bequest or gift 
pertaining to any of said objects, and any such trust may con- 
tinue for such time as may be necessary to accomplish the pur- 
poses for which it may be created. 


Section 5. Meetings of the said corporation may be held at 
such place or places within the United States and at such time or 
times as the corporation may from time to time determine. 


Section 6. Such corporation shall have all the powers conferred 
on corporations by the General Corporation law and the member- 


ship corporation law which are not inconsistent with the provision 
of this act. 


Section 7. Robert E. Speer, Howard B. Grose, Charles S. Mac- 
farland, Alfred R. Kimball, Samuel McCrea Cavert and Landreth 
H. King, or a majority of them, are hereby authorized to call the 
meeting for the organization of the corporation hereby created at 
such time and place-and on such notice as to them or to the ma- 
jority of them may seem proper, and at such meeting twenty-five 
shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. 


Section 8. This act shall take effect immediately. 
STATE OF NEW YORK, ue 
Office of the Secretary of State j 88 


I have compared the preceding with the original law on file in 
this office, and do hereby certify that the same is a correct tran- 
script therefrom and of the whole of said original law. 


James A. HAMILTON, 
Secretary of State. 


244 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


The closing prayer was offered and the benediction pro- 
nounced by Rev. Frank Mason North. 
The unincorporated body adjourned. 
Rivincton D. Lorp, 
Recording Secretary. 


Wednesday Evening, December 3, at 8:00 


A session of the unincorporated body was held at this hour, 

Dr. Robert E. Speer presiding. 

Prayer by Dr. George Summey. 

Selection by the choir of the Central Presbyterian Church. 

Dr. Speer introduced as the first speaker Rev. Henry H. 
Sweets of Louisville, Kentucky, Secretary of the Execu- 
tive Committee on Christian Education of the Presbyte- 
rian Church in the U. S., who presented the subject 
“Training the Youth for Christ.” 

Selection by the choir. 

Bishop William F. McDowell of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church, Washington, D. C., spoke on “Winning Men to 
Christ.” 

The closing hymn was “I Love to Tell the Story.” 

Benediction by Rev. Rockwell H. Potter. 

The evening session adjourned. 

Rivincton D. Lorp, 
Recording Secretary. 


Thursday Morning, December 4, at 9:30 


Pursuant to adjournment the Federal Council of the 
Churches of Christ in America met in the Central Presby- 
terian Church, Atlanta, Georgia, at 9:30 A.M., December 4, 
1924, a quorum being present, and was called to order by the 
President pro tem, Robert E. Speer. 

The hymn, “Hail to the Brightness of Zion’s Glad Morning,” 
was sung. After Scripture reading, prayer was offered by 
Dr. H. J. Callis and Dr. Albert G. Lawson. 

President Speer appointed the following Business Com- 
mittee : 


Chairman, Rt. Rev. Ethelbert Talbot Secretary, Dr. A. W. Anthony 


National Baptist Convention............eeee- Rev. W. H. Jernagin 
Northern’ Baptist Cotivention.,.,.45 waoe «tee eae Rev. H. B. Grose 
Christian Conutche  | Gana ihe ane. etdeie alae Rev. Frank G. Coffin 
Congregational, Churcnes: acases ane see ie wee ee Rev. R. H. Potter 
Chorchesprod >, 00 CoCr ok. cca hd eibaae Rev. J. L. Updegraph 
DISC ISR MO NUT Ist sc eke wee ee Le OR ete eee a eke Rev. A. E. Cory 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 245 


Evangelical! Chureiinis. cos ol oy ley sida ela el ahe Bishop S. C. Breyfogel 
MEVaTiseliCale Sy VUOU TCs tec tac | oe neice yeics vans Rev. A. H. Becker 
BIEN US WEE oie as eka FAIR Aa ee cee Dr. Walter C. Woodward 
Methodist) Episcopal ilk Gr sree OF Bishop Wilbur P. Thirkield 
Methodist Episcopal, South............... Bishop John M. Moore 
AATICA MUS. ilOneeetnae tei oe aes Dlatale bees cites 2 Rev. H. J. Callis 
Colored Methodist Episcopal................ Bishop C. H. Phillips 
Methodist rr rotestanteaiise. «cue Gb wlaaaela. wee Rev. T. H. Lewis 
DAOF AVIA. conse csak seein Right Reverend Edward Rondthaler 
Presbyterian in the Uo So Awe tias nde atene Rev. W. H. Black 
Presbyterian "ih. tiGatiai ce ak. olbie vile etioine Rev. George Summey 
Protestant EspisCopal sce verseaes Right Reverend Ethelbert Talbot 
Reformed Moiscopad las «clus a srgire daisies stones Bishop R. L. Rudolph 
Reformed Church in America. ..0 00... s ssmwvonns Rev. A. T. Broek 
ReLOLINED CA NUECIlat ERG Gr ee Wk. oseeihe’s Rev. G. W. Richards 
SOVERCU MU IAVEt MO CScrt ae ce stn cs ut. ¥ oik eletciate President B. C. Davis 
Linited oreriren mn Gnrists, cs .b comes. baa Bishop W. M. Bell 
UnitedsPresby tern ert Seas Pee Rev. D.. F. McGill 
Membére-at2aree coed 0. URE RW. Mrs. John Ferguson 


Mrs. H. R. Steele 
Mrs. George W. Coleman 


VOTED: That the act of incorporation as granted by the 
Legislature of the State of New York be approved, adopted 
and ratified. 

The matter of organization under the new incorporation of 
the Council was taken up, and a preliminary statement was 
made by Mr. Alfred R. Kimball, after a report presented by 
Rev. Alfred Williams Anthony, Chairman of a Committee on 
By-Laws. 


VOTED: That the Constitution which was approved by 
the Constituent Bodies and formally adopted by the Federal 
Council of the Churches of Christ in America, meeting in 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, December 2-8, 1908, be hereby 
adopted. 


VOTED: That the following By-Laws, which include 
amendments presented from the floor be adopted: 


BY-LAWS 
ARTICLE I. ENROLLMENT 


The Recording Secretary and the Secretary, or Secretaries for 
administrative service, or a Committee, to whom this duty may be 
assigned by the Executive Committee, shall make up the roll of 
the members in the Council from the certificates of the proper 
officers of the bodies composing the Council, and no one not thus 
certified shall be enrolled. The Council shall determine any ques- 
tion arising as to the validity of the certificates. 


ArtTIcLteE II. Quorum 


A quorum consists of two or more delegates from each of a 
majority of the bodies entitled to representation. 


246 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


ArTICLE III. Ourtcers 


Section 1. The officers of the Council are a President, one 
Vice-President representing each of the bodies represented in the 
Council, a Recording Secretary, a Treasurer and Secretaries for 
administrative service, and such associates and assistants as the 
Executive or Administrative Committee may appoint. 


Section 2. The President, the Vice-Presidents, the Recording 
Secretary and the Treasurer shall be elected at each regular meet- 
ing. The Secretaries for administrative service shall be elected by 
the Executive Committee, or the Administrative Committee, subject 
to approval of the Executive Committee. Vacancies may be filled 
by the Administrative Committee until the next mecting of the 
Executive Committee. 


Section 3. Presidents and Vice-Presidents are not eligible for 
immediate re-election. 


Section 4. (a) The President shall preside at meetings of the 
Council. In case of his absence, or disability, one of the Vice- 
Presidents, to be designated by the Council, shall serve. 


(b) The President shall appoint the members of committees and 
of commissions, unless it is otherwise ordered, after consultation 
with denominational authorities. 


Section 5. The Treasurer, the Secretaries and such officers as 
the Executive Committee may appoint shall be subject to the 
direction of the Executive Committee. 


Section 6. The Treasurer shall give such security for the faith- 
ful performance of his duties as the Executive Committee may 
direct. 

The Executive Committee, either directly or through the Ad- 
ministrative Committee, shall have power to appoint such other 
fiscal officers as it may deem advisable and to designate their 
respective relations and duties and the bond which they shall give. 


Section 7. Each officer holds office from the time of his elec- 
tion until the next regular meeting, and until his successor is 
elected, except that the Treasurer holds office until the close of 
the fiscal year. 


Section 8. Officers elected by the Council are during their term of 
office ex-officio members of the Council. 


ARTICLE 1V. ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE 


Section 1. An Administrative Committee shall be constituted 
by the Council through the Executive Committee as follows: 

(a) Of one delegate of each of the bodies composing the Coun- , 
cil, nominated by the proper authorities of the bodies represented. 

(b) Of one representative of each agency of organized Chris- 
tianity which by action of the Executive Committee may become 
enrolled as in affiliation, cooperation, or consultative relations 
with the Council. 

(c) Of the Chairmen of Commissions. 

(d) Of members at large, not more than fifteen in number, who 
are themselves members of the bodies composing the Council. 


Section 2. The functions and powers of the Administrative 
Committee are: 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 247 


(a) To carry out the policies of the Council and of the Executive 
Committee. 

(b) To maintain close relations between the Council and the 
bodies which comprise it and the other interdenominational agen- 
cies representing the Churches and their Boards. 

(c) To represent the Council between its meetings both by 
utterance and by action in harmony with the purposes of the 
Council and of its cooperating organizations. 

(d) To supervise and direct the activities of Secretaries, Com- 
mittees, Commissions and other agencies of the Council. 

(e) To represent, in harmony with the policies of the Council, 
the common mind of the Churches comprising the Council in 
friendly relations with the Churches of other lands. 

(f) To report in writing its doings to the meetings of the Coun- 
cil and of the Executive Committee for review, with recommenda- 
tions relating to further procedure and policy. 


Section 3. The Administrative Committee shall meet on the sec- 
ond Friday of each month, unless otherwise voted, with provision 
for special meetings. 


ARTICLE V. COMMITTEES 


The Council may appoint Committees on Enrollment, on Law, 
on Business, on Nominations, on Resolutions, and on such other 
matters as it may from time to time determine. 


ArTICLE VI. CoMMISSIONS 


Section 1. The Council, or the Executive Committee, may 
establish Commissions and Standing Committees to further the 
general purposes of the Council within specified fields of activity. 

Section 2. The Commissions and Standing Committees shall be 
subject to the Administrative Committee and shall report to it and 
through it to the Executive Committee and to the Council. 


ArTICLE VII. MEETINGS 


Section 1. Regular meetings of the Council shall be held quad- 
rennially on the first Wednesday in December, unless otherwise 
voted by the Council, Executive Committee or Administrative 
Committee, at such place and hour as may be determined by the 
Administrative Committee. 

Section 2. Special meetings may be called by the Administrative 
Committee to consider only such matters as may be specified in 
the notice of the meetings. 

Section 3. A postpaid notice mailed to a delegate and addressed 
to his last known place of residence shall constitute a notice of 
the meeting. 

ArTIcLE VIII. AMENDMENTS 


These By-Laws may be amended at a regular meeting of the 
Council by a two-thirds vote of the members present and voting, 
provided (1) notice of the proposed amendment shall have been 
given at a preceding meeting of the Council, or (2) such amend- 
ment shall have been recommended by the Executive Committee 
or by the Administrative Committee. 


Dean W. F. Tillett was called upon to lead in prayer. 


VOTED: That the following be appointed a Nominating 
Committee: Rev. Frank Mason North, Rev. John A. Marquis, 


248 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Rev. C. E. Burton, Rev. Charles L. White, Rev. Finis S. 
Idleman. 

Dr. Anthony reported the action taken by the unincorporated 
body at its meeting on December 3, 1924, as follows: 

“WHEREAS, The Federal Council of the Churches of Christ 
in America, projected in 1905, organized in 1908 under a constitu- 
tion and by-laws and a plan of federation which has been ap- 
proved by the Christian bodies composing it, has secured an Act 
of Incorporation by the Senate and Assembly of the State of 
New York, known as Chapter 131 of the Laws of 1924, approved 
April 12, 1924; : 

“AND WHEREAS, This Act of Incorporation confirms powers 
previously enjoyed, permits the holding of meetings in any place 
in the United States, and confers ‘powers conferred on corpora- 
tions by the General Corporation Law and the Membership Cor- 
poration Law’ of the State of New York; 


“NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, That the Federal 
Council of the Churches of Christ in America hereby authorizes 
and directs its officers of every name and capacity to transfer and 
deliver to the officers of like name and capacity of the Federal 
Council of the Churches of Christ in America, incorporated under 
the laws of New York, all the books, accounts, and other assets 
of every sort and description, and hereby transfers its powers, 
functions and activities to the said corporation.” 

VOTED: To accept and record the above, and that the 
officers of every name and capacity be and hereby are author- 
ized and directed to accept the administration of all the books, 
accounts and other assets of every sort and description 
which may be turned over to them, care for and administer 
them in harmony with the principles, acts and intentions hith- 
erto in operation, as the continuing Federal Council of the 
Churches of Christ in America. 

The report of the General Secretaries was presented by Dr. 
Macfarland. 

Bishop McDowell reported for the Washington Committee. 

VOTED: That these two reports be referred to the Busi- 
ness Committee. 

Rev. Frank Mason North was called to the Chair and intro- 
duced Dr. Robert E. Speer, the retiring President of the 
Council, who gave a review of the cooperation of the churches 
during the past quadrennium. 

Rev. Frank Mason North, the Chairman of the Nominating 
Committee, presented a report as follows: 

For Recording Secretary...... Rev. Rivincton D. Lorp of Brooklyn 

Dr. Lord was unanimously elected. 
Bor TPeasurer. ied se seis CeO Mr. Frank H. Mann of New York 
Mr. Mann was unanimously elected. 
For Fressent. -. san vente Rev. S. Parkes CapMAN, Pastor of the 
Central Congregational Church of Brooklyn 
Dr. Cadman was unanimously elected. 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 249 


Dr. Speer, as president pro tem, appointed Bishop Talbot 
and Dr. North to escort Dr. Cadman to the platform. Upon 
his arrival President Speer welcomed Dr. Cadman as Presi- 
dent on behalf of the Council and presented him with the 
gavel which had been presented to the Council yesterday. 


VOTED: That the Federal Council extend a rising vote of 
thanks to Dr. Speer for his splendid services as President 
during the past quadrennium. 


VOTED: That the Federal Council extend a rising vote 
of thanks to Mr. Alfred R. Kimball for his efficient services 
as Treasurer from the beginning of the Council. 


VOTED: That the sessions of the Council be at 9:30 A.M. 
on the following days: Friday, December 5; Saturday, De- 
cember 6; Monday, December 8, and Tuesday, December 9; 
at 2:30 P.M. on Thursday, Friday and Monday; at 8 P.M. on 
Thursday, Friday, Saturday and Monday; at 3:30 P.M. on 
Sunday. 

The hymn, “In the Cross of Christ I Glory,’ was sung, 
after which an address on “Faith in God” was delivered by 
Bishop Edwin D. Mouzon of Nashville, Tennessee. 


VOTED: To adjourn. 


Thursday Afternoon, December 4 


The meeting was called to order at 2:30 o’clock by the 
President of the Council, Rev. S. Parkes Cadman. 

The hymn, “The Church’s One Foundation,” was sung, after 
which Rev. Charles L. Goodell offered prayer. 

President Cadman appointed the following Committees : 


Commitice on Message: 


Rev. CHARLES E. Burton, Chatrman; 
Rev. J. Ross StEvENSON 
BisHor W. J. WALLS, 

Mrs. LuKE JOHNSON, 

Rev. Howarp B. Grosz 

BrsHop W. M. BELL. 


Committee on Closing Resolutions: 


Rev. A. J. C. Bonn, Chairman; 
Rev. J. F. Burnett, 

BisHop R. A. CARTER, 

BrisHop R. L. Ruporpu, 

W. H. Start. 


Committee on Credentials: 
Hon. Cart E. Mitxixen, Chairman; 
Rev. W. R. Funx 
Rev. C. P. Core. 


250 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Committee on Necrology: 
Rev. A. G. Lawson, Chairman; 
Rev. W. W. STALEY, 
Ro.re Cos.EicH, 
D. B, CoLTRANE. 

President Cadman introduced Bishop Warren A. Candler 
of Atlanta, who spoke on “Great Revivals of Religion That 
Have Helped to Make the United States.” 

Rey. J. Ross Stevenson, Chairman of the Commission on 
Evangelism and Life Service, was introduced and presented 
the report (as found on pages 105 to 110 of this volume). He 
presented Rev. Charles L. Goodell, the Secretary of the Com- 
mission, who spoke of the work that has been accomplished 
and has been projected. 

Rey. Charles E. Burton opened the discussion on “How Can 
the Federal Council Contribute Most to the Churches’ Evan- 
gelistic Work?” 

He was followed by Rev. Arthur H. Armstrong of St. Louis, 
Rev. C. H. Winders of Indianapolis, Rev. Plato Durham of 
Atlanta, Mr. M. L. Thrower of Atlanta and Rev. Frank P. 
Parkin of Philadelphia. 

VOTED: To refer this report to the Business Committee. 

In the absence of Rev. F. Ernest Johnson, secretary of the 
Department of Research and Education, Rev. Samuel McCrea 
Cavert presented the report of the Department (as found on 
pages 163 to 169 of this volume) which was referred to the 
Business Committee. 

The President introduced Professor William Adams Brown, 
who spoke on “How Can the Federal Council Best Serve the 
Churches in Research and Educational Work?’ The discus- 
sion was continued by Rev. Alfred Wms. Anthony and Rev. 
George Irving of the International Committee of the Y. M. 
C. A., New York. 

Rev. R. E. Magill presented a statement from the Interna- 
tional Council of Religious Education. Rev. Stonewall Ander- 
son presented a statement from the Council of Church Boards 
of Education. Rev. Frank P. Parkin presented a statement in 
behalf of the American Bible Society. 


VOTED: To refer these statements to the Business Com- 
mittee. 

The Recording Secretary, Dr. Lord, read the following 
telegram from the newly elected Treasurer, Mr. Frank H. 
Mann: 

“Deeply appreciate action of Federal Council in electing me Treas- 
urer. Happy to accept. FRANK H. Mann.” 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 2a 


He also read the following telegram from the National 
Kindergarten Association: 

“Accept from the National Kindergarten Association cordial 
greetings and best wishes for the success of your efforts for world 
peace. The Association thanks your members for their help in 
promoting training in love of God and man through the kinder- 
gartens they have maintained. Our country is now training but 
a small proportion of its children at the habit forming time of life. 
We bespeak your further help in extending the advantages of the 
kindergarten to the nation’s little ones.” 


“BraDLEY MARTIN, President.” 


VOTED: That the General Secretary make proper re- 
sponse to this communication. 

Bishop Talbot called the attention of the Council to the 
death of the wife of the Right Rev. F. Reese of Georgia. 


VOTED: To instruct the General Secretaries to send a 
suitable message of sympathy to Bishop Reese. 

VOTED: That messages of sympathy and fellowship be 
sent by the President of the Council to Bishop E. R. Hendrix, 
Rev. E. O. Watson and Rev. F. Ernest Johnson, who are kept 
away on account of illness. 

VOTED: To adjourn. 

The benediction was pronounced by Rev. R. H. Potter. 


Thursday Evening, December 4, at 8:00 


The President presiding. 

Devotional exercises were conducted by Rev. John A. 
Marquis. 

A selection was given by the quartette of the West End 
Presbyterian Church. 

Address by Dr. Cadman. 

Address by Bishop Francis John McConnell on “The So- 
cial Task of the Church in America.” 

Anthem by the quartette. 

Address by Rev. Worth M. Tippy, on “A Seven- Day Pro- 
gram for the Local Church.” 


Friday Morning, December 5, at 9:30 


The meeting was called to order at 9:30 o’clock by the 
President of the Council, Rev. S. Parkes Cadman. 

The congregation joined in singing “O, Worship the King.” 

The devotional service was led by Rev. Thomas H. Lewis 
of Washington. 

The Fisk Jubilee singers rendered three selections. 

A partial report of the Business Committee, presented by 
its Secretary, Rev. Alfred Wms. Anthony, was considered 
item by item: 


252 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS 


The Committee on Business received matters referred to it and 
makes the following recommendations: 


1. That the Constitution, so designated hitherto, be now termed, 
at least in print, the Plan of Federation, inasmuch as that is the 
correct designation adopted in 1908 and approved then and after- 
ward by the Constituent Bodies. 


2. That a committee be appointed to consider the plan and struc- 
ture of the Council, to report to the next meeting of the Council, 
with amendments, if they are desirable, in phrasing or in method, 
either in the Plan of Federation or in the By-Laws. 


3. That the reports of the Executive Committee and of the Ad- 
ministrative Committee and of the General Secretaries on the ser- 
vice of the Council during the past Quadrennium be approved. 


4. That the report of the Washington Committee be approved 
and that we recognize that the constant strengthening and en- 
largement of the type of work conducted by the Washington 
office is most strategic in fulfilling a peculiar function of the 
Federal Council. 


5. That the report of the Commission on Evangelism and Life 
Service be approved, and that the following statements be made 
the sentiments and convictions of the Council: 

(a) The Council is gratified by the report of the effective 
work of the Commission on Evangelism during the past Quad- 
rennium, and notes with satisfaction that the Evangelistic Spirit 
pervades all the departments of the Council’s work. 

(b) The Council approves of the plan of personal Evangelism 
conducted by local pastors who are assisted by capable men and 
women of the congregations, and furthermore the Council urges 
every member of the Church of Christ, according to his per- 
sonal gifts and opportunities, to share the responsibility and the 
privilege of bringing others unto Jesus. 

(c) The Ceuncil favors the continuance of interdenominational 
visitation by the Commission in cities throughout the country 
to assist the churches in presenting methods and in providing 
inspiration for united simultaneous efforts for bringing men to 
Christ. 


(d) The Council urges the Commission to continue Evangel- 
istic work in the colleges and universities of America, emphasiz- 
ing before the students also the call for life service in the 
Kingdom of God. 

(e).The Council is in full accord with the proposal that a 
comprehensive Conference on Evangelism be held, and refers 
the call, constitution and conduct of such a conference to the 
Commission. 

(f) While the Council gives its approval to a thorough organi- 
zation of the various agencies of the church for Evangelistic 
work, it recognizes, also, that the spirit of God works when 
and where and how He pleases and may accomplish the pur- 
poses of the Kingdom in ways exceeding our plans and organi- 
zations, and this Council rejoices in movements for winning 
men to Christ which are motived and directed by His Spirit. 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 253 


6. That the set-up and conduct of the Department of Research 
and Education be approved, and that the Department be advised 
to place on its publications the words “For Information,” so that 
all who use the material may recognize it as a source of informa- 
tion upon which judgments may be based and not as pronounce- 
ments of the Council or of the Department. 


7. That the statements of the International Council of Religious 
Education, the Council of Church Boards of Education and the 
American Bible Society be accepted with reciprocal and cordial 
goodwill and esteem. 


8. That the resolution concerning the observance in 1925 of the 
four-hundredth anniversary of the first printing of the New 
Testament in English, by William Tyndale, be referred to the 
Administrative Committee with authority to arrange and pro- 
mote the most appropriate observance. 


VOTED: To adopt the report as presented. 


Rev. Warren H. Wilson, Board of National Missions of 
the Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A., addressed the Coun- 
cil on the subject: “The Challenge of the Rural Community 
to the Church.” 

Rev. Melville B. Gurley of Berry School, Rome, Georgia, 
was presented to the Council and spoke briefly concerning the 
work of that School. 


The report of the Commission on Councils of Churches was 
presented by its Executive Secretary, Rev. Roy B. Guild. Af- 
ter discussion by Rev. Joseph A. Vance of Detroit, Rev. Ar- 
thur H. Armstrong of St. Louis, Rev. Orlo J. Price of 
Rochester and Mr. M. M. Davies of Atlanta, the report was 
referred to the Business Committee. 

The Council directed the General Secretary to send a mes- 
sage of sympathy to Rev. Morton C. Pearson of Detroit who 
was to have addressed the Council, but was not able to be 
present on account of a serious accident to his wife. 

Professor C. B. Wilmer, University of the South, Sewan- 
nee, Tennessee, addressed the Council on the subject, ‘““The 
Spiritual Significance of Church Cooperation.” 

The Congregation sang “Blest Be the Tie That Binds,” 
and the Fisk singers favored the delegates with three selec- 
tions. 


Mr. David G. Latshaw made a statement on behalf of the 
International Committee of the Y. M. C. A. Mrs. Archibald 
Davis of Atlanta brought greetings from the National Board 
ofsthe pY.sW, C.:A. 

A telegram was received from Willis D. Mathias, contain- 
ing the greetings from 125 delegates representing twenty theo- 
logical seminaries in conference at Dayton, Ohio. 


254 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


VOTED: That the General Secretary make a suitable re- 
ply. 
A telegram was received from Rev. E. O. Watson in reply 
to a message sent him earlier in the sessions. 

The congregation joined in singing, “Immortal Love Forever 
Full.” 

Bishop A. R. Clippinger of the Church of the United 
Brethren, Dayton, Ohio, addressed the Council on the sub- 
ject, ‘Loyalty to Christ.” 

VOTED: To adjourn. | 

The benediction was pronounced by Bishop Clippinger. 


Friday Afternoon, December 5, at 2:30 


In the absence of the President, ex-President Robert E. 
Speer presided. The session was opened by singing “Majes- 
tic Sweetness Sits Enthroned,” and prayer was offered by 
Rev. W. Stuart Cramer. 

The report of the Commission on the Church and Social 
Service was presented. After discussion by Mrs. W. A. Newell 
of Winston-Salem, N. C., Rev. Hastings H. Hart of New York 
and Secretary Worth M. Tippy, the report was referred to the 
Business Committee. 

The report of the Commission on Temperance was pre- 
sented by Bishop James Cannon, Jr., and was referred to the 
Business Committee. 

Rev. C. E. Vermilya made a statement in behalf of the Home 
Missions Council. The Council of Women for Home Mis- 
sions was represented by Mrs. John Ferguson, the President, 
who brought the greetings of that organization. 

A telegram was read from the National Council of Young 
Men’s Christian Associations in session at Buffalo, in response 
to a telegram sent to that meeting earlier in the session. 

Rev. John A. Marquis presented a resolution calling for the 
appointment of a committee to consider, in conference with 
the Home Missions Council and the Council of Women for 
Home Missions, their closer cooperation with the Federal 
Council, or consolidation with it. This was referred to the 
Business Committee. 

The Fisk Jubilee singers favored the audience with two se- 
lections. Dean W. F. Tillett of Vanderbilt University paid a 
tribute to the Jubilee singers. 

The report of the Commission on the Church and Race Re- 
lations was presented by Dr. George E. Haynes, Executive 
Secretary. Discussion followed by Rev. Will W. Alexander, 
Right Rev. Frederick F. Reese, Bishop George C. Clement 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 255 


and Bishop C. H. Phillips. The report was referred to the 
Business Committee. 

Resolutions concerning a “campaign of applied brotherhood 
in race relations” were presented by Professor Plato T. Dur- 
ham and were referred to the Business Committee. 

An interpretation of the proposed National Conference on 
the Christian Way of Life was given by Rev. John M. Moore 
of Brooklyn. 

Two documents presented by the Commission on Interna- 
tional Justice and Goodwill were referred to the Committee 
on Message. 

The Jubilee singers sang a closing selection. 


VOTED: To adjourn. 
Prayer was offered and benediction pronounced by Dr. 
Gowen. 


Friday Evening, December 5, at 8:00 


Rev. Frank Mason North presided. 

Prayer was offered by Rev. W. W. Scudder. 

Selections were sung by the quartette of North Avenue Pres- 
byterian Church. 

A testimonial volume from Children of Japan, in recogni- 
tion of the assistance given by the American Churches to 
Japan at the time of the earthquake, was presented by Rev. 
K. Tsunashima of Tokyo. 

A statement concerning the Foreign Missions Conference 
was made by Mr. F. P. Turner. 

An address was given by Dr. A. K. Reischauer on “A Criti- 
cal Hour in the Christian Movement in Japan.” 

A letter from Hon. Cyrus H. Woods, recently Ambassador 
to Japan, urging the importance of securing a change in the 
Japanese exclusion act, was read by Dr. Speer (pages 47 to 50 
of this volume). | 

An address was given by Rev. Samuel M. Zwemer of Cairo, 
Egypt, on “A United Front Over Against a New Moslem 
World.” 

The benediction was given by Rev. Frank Mason North. 


Saturday Morning, December 6, at 9:30 


The session was called to order by President Cadman. 

The hymn, “O God Our Help in Ages Past,” was sung, 
after which Bishop Rondthaler of Winston-Salem, North Caro- 
lina, conducted the devotional services. 

President Cadman introduced Hon. Carl E. Milliken, Presi- 


256 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


dent of the Northern Baptist Convention, who opened the 
symposium on “What Do the Churches Desire the Federal 
Council to Be and to Do During the Quadrennium.” | 

Others participating in the symposium were Rev. Thorn- 
ton Whaling, Moderator of the Presbyterian Church in 
the United States, Louisville, Kentucky; Mrs. John Ferguson, 
President of the Council of Women for Home Missions, New 
York; Bishop A. L. Gaines of the African Methodist Epis- 
copal Church, Baltimore; Rev. Rockwell H. Potter, Moderator 
of the National Council of Congregational Churches, Hartford, 
Connecticut. | | 7 

The Committee on Policy presented its report through its 
Chairman, Dr. Robert E. Speer. 

Pending the motion to adopt the report, discussion was en- 
gaged in and amendments were offered by Mrs. John Fer- 
guson, to Article VIII and by Rev. George W. Richards to 
Article II. 


VOTED: That a rising vote be taken by the Council ap- 
proving the entire report as amended (See pages 59 to 70 of 
this volume). 

The vote was taken and the report was referred to the 
Business Committee to report any actions that may be neces- 
sary to make the recommendations effective. 

Mr. Niebuhr offered a resolution which was referred to 
the Business Committee, suggesting that at future meetings 
more time be allotted for discussion of concrete policies af- 
fecting the Council’s work. 

Rev. Frank Mason North offered the following resolution, 
as a supplement to the report of the Committee on Policy: 

“We recommend that an earnest effort be made by our Execu- 
tive Officers and our Committees to bring into practical sympa- 
thetic relations with the policy and procedure of the Council the 
several groups of Denominational delegates in the membership of 
the Council, urging each of these to effect a suitable organization 
within itself, and using each, so far as possible, as the unit of 

Denominational expression in statement and action where such 

are required in the coordination of the Denominations in the 

common utterances and activities of the Federal Council. 


VOTED: To adopt this resolution. 


Dr. C. C. Morrison presented the following resolution on 
army and navy chaplains, which was referred to the Business 
Committee: 


WHEREAS, the conviction is growing among followers of 
Christ of all the churches that war is the chief collective sin of 
human society, and 


WHEREAS, any involvement of organized religion in the sys- 
tem of making war and preparing for it contributes substantially 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 257 


to the strengthening of the war system and therefore to the in- 
crease of the menace of war, and 


WHEREAS, such involvement of the churches with war is an 
inherent contradiction of the church’s essential genius and pur- 
pose, which is to abolish all war and strife among men and to 
create world wide brotherhood in the spirit of our Lord Jesus 
Christ, and 


WHEREAS, the institution of the chaplaincy implicates the 
church officially in the war system, and 


WHEREAS, the chaplaincy easily lends itself to the purpose 
of the military system as an agency for militarizing the mind of 
the church and of society in general, and 

WHEREAS, the laudable Christian purpose of the churches to 
provide spiritual guidance and gospel service to the soldiers of 
our army and the sailors of our navy can be better realized by 
ministers of Christ in their capacity as ministers of Christ, with- 
out military rank or other involvement in the military system, 
now therefore be it 


RESOLVED, that the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ 
in America instruct its Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains to 
discontinue its activity and responsibility in the appointment of 
chaplains in the Officers’ Reserve Corps, and be it further 


RESOLVED, that the Committee on Army and Navy Chap- 
lains, by conference with the proper government, military and 
naval authorities, be instructed to study the question otf taking 
such steps as may be necessary and effective to place the service 
of ministers of religion to the men of both army and navy upon 
a non-military basis, and be it further 


RESOLVED, that said committee report its findings and rec- 
ommendations to the next meeting of the Executive Committee 
at its annual meeting one year hence. 

Rev. J. Ross Stevenson presented the following resolution 
pertaining to the Business Men’s Evangelistic Clubs: 

RESOLVED, that the Federal Council commends in principle 
the Business Men’s Evangelistic Clubs of America and requests 
the Commission on Evangelism to formulate such plans as may 


seem wise, looking to. effective cooperation and good under- 
standing. 


VOTED: To refer the resolution to the Business Com- 
mittee. | 


The hymn, “Jesus, Lover of. My Soul,” was sung after 
which President Cadman introduced Rev. E. Y. Mullins, presi- 
dent of the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, Louisville, 
Kentucky, who spoke on “Spiritual Sovereignty Through 
Prayer.” 


VOTED: To adjourn. 


258 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Sunday Afternoon, December 7, at 3:30 


Public meeting. The President, Dr. Cadman, presided. 


An address on “Christ the One Hope of the World,” was 
given by Dr. Robert E. Speer. 


An organ recital and special musical program were offered 
under the direction of Charles A. Sheldon, Jr. 


The closing prayer was made by Rev. Rockwell H. Potter. 


Monday Morning, December 8, at 9:30 


The session was called to order by President Cadman. 
The hymn, “Come Thou Almighty King,” was sung, after 
which a devotional service was led by President Boothe C. 
Davis of Alfred University, New York. 

The Business Committee continued its report as follows: 


9. That, concerning the reports of the Executive Committee and 
the Administrative Committee, the following comments are ap- 
propriate: 

(a) The universal call to Evangelism is exalted throughout 
these reports. 


(b) It is evident that in these committees, as agencies of the 
Council, an effective and constantly available vehicle of coopera- 
tion has been furnished. 


(c) That these reports be approved. 


10. That the proposition to make ex-presidents honorary presi- 
dents, or ex-officio members of the Executive Committee or the 
Administrative Committee, be referred to the Committee on Plan 
of Federation and By-Laws to report to the next meeting of the 
Council, and that in the meantime ex-presidents be invited to sit 
as consultative members of the Executive Committee and the 
Administrative Committee. 


11. That the Council authorize its officers, committees and com- 
missions to cooperate in every possible way with the American 
Section of the Committee on Arrangements of the Universal 
Christian Conference on Life and Work. 


12. That the Council approve the consultative relationship of 
the United Lutheran Church in America with the Council as a 
temporary expedient and hope that this great Church may soon 
come into full membership. 


13. That the Council would urge upon the proper officials of the 
United States Government, through its Washington office and 
other appropriate agencies, the obligation of cleansing the Canal 
Zone Mi far as possible of the agencies of vice and influences 
to evil. 


14. That the Council approve the efforts to build in Balboa and 
Cristobal suitable Church edifices for these branches of the Amer- 
ican Protestant Church in the Canal Zone and urge the privilege 
and duty upon American Christians of speedily providing the 
$20,000 needed to complete the sum of $70,000 recently sought. 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 259 


15. That the Council approve the action of the Executive Com- 
mittee in setting up a standing committee to be known as the 
Committee on Financial and Fiduciary Matters with functions as 


set forth in the minutes of the Executive Committee of December 
12-14, 1923. 


16. That the Council approve the friendly cooperation of Ameri- 
can and Chinese representatives in seeking the suppression of the 
opium traffic at the Geneva Conference and urge the Secretary 
of State to employ the influence of his great office in promoting 
major action in this matter of wide public concern. 


17, That the Council approve the report of the Treasurer, Al- 


fred R. Kimball, with high appreciation of his long and faithful 
service. 


18. That the Church constituencies be urged to furnish a much 
more generous response to the support of the Council in finances 


and cooperation, requesting larger contributions and full payment 
of all pledges. 


19. That the Council approve the budget proposed by the Board 
of Finance for Operating the Central Office, the Commissions and 
the Committees during the coming Quadrennium. 


20. That the Council approve the principle of making retirement 
grants to those who have given suitable terms of service to the 
Council and refer to the Board of Finance details of policy and 
plan. 


21. That the Council earnestly request those who are responsible 
for the character of moving pictures to refuse the release or use 
of pictures that reflect on the cardinal virtues, cast innuendoes on 
morals or religion, or in any way weaken the approved restraints 
of conscience and personal character, and refer to the Commis- 
sion on the Church and Social Service, or such other agencies as 
the Administrative Committee may determine, measures for mak- 
ing this request effective. 


22. That the Council approve the appointment of a Board of 
Finance as a standing committee of the Council, which shall re- 
port to the Executive and Administrative Committees. 


23. That the Council approve the formation of the Central 
Bureau for Relief of the Evangelical Churches of Europe and the 
development of Federated Movements in Europe, with hearty 
satisfaction at the growing cooperation among Protestants of 
Europe. It is particularly gratifying to note the erection of a 
building for the Federation of Churches in France, which has 
been completed by specified gifts of American Christians amount- 
ing to about $100,000. 


24. That the Council express its gratification at the cordial co- 
operation of a large number of Huguenot societies with the Com- 
mission of the Council in the Tercentenary celebration of the 
coming of the Huguenot-Walloons to America. 


25. That the Council authorize the creation of a Committee on 
Survey of Cooperation in the Fields of (a) Home Missions, (b) 
Foreign Missions, (c) Education, and (d) Charity, Philanthropy 
and Allied Activities. 


26. That the Council receive and approve the report of the Com- 
mission on the Church and Social Service. 


260 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


27. That the Council receive and approve the report of the 
Commission on Race Relations, and the statement respecting the 
campaign of applied Brotherhood in Race Relations (See pages 82 
to 83 of this volume). 

28. That the Council appoint a Committee of Five to confer with 
similar Committees from the Home Missions Council and the 
Council of Women for Home Missions, if these Councils will join 
in appointing such Committees, to consider closer cooperation and 
possible consolidation of these Councils with the Federal Council. 


29. That the Council commend in principle the Business Men’s 
Evangelistic Clubs of America and request the Commission on 
Evangelism and Life Service to formulate such plans as may 
secure effective cooperation and good understanding. 

30. That the Administrative Committee be asked so to organize 
the annual and quadrennial meetings of the Council and of the 
Executive Committee that the problems and issues presented by 
the various Commissions and Committees may be adequately dis- 
cussed on the Council floor, and the Council hereby authorizes the 
appointment of the necessary Committees to make such a plan 
effective. 

31. That the Administrative Committee be authorized to take 
steps for conference with the Churches of Canada as recommended 
by the Committee on Policy. 

32. That the number and names of the Commissions of the 
Council as recommended by the Committee on Policy be approved 
and that the Executive Committee, or the Administrative Commit- 
tee, be authorized to make adjustments in terminology or functions 
as are suggested in that report. 

33. That the Council approve the report of the Commission on 
Councils of Churches and recommend that this Commission in sub- 
sequent reports list with the Federations in States reported, those 
also in other States which bear the name of Councils or Home 
Mission Councils, or other similar designations, since these are all 
essentially State Federations. 

34. That the report of the Commission on Temperance be re- 
ceived and approved. 

35. That the statements of the International Committee of the 
Young Men’s Christian Associations of North America and the 
National Board of the Young Women’s Christian Associations be 
received with cordial good will and approval. 

36. That the statements of the Home Missions Council and the 
Council of Women for Home Missions be received with cordial 
goodwill and approval. 

37. That the resolutions on Chaplains in the Army and Navy 
and all subjects related thereto be referred to a special committee 
of twelve to make investigation and report to the next meeting 
of the Executive Committee. 

President Cadman appointed the following: 

Bishop William F. McDowell Rev. Frederick Lynch 


Bishop William M. Bell Rev. W. H. P. Faunce 
Rt. Rev. Charles H. Brent Rev. J. Ross Stevenson 
Bishop James Cannon, Jr. Rev. John A. Marquis 
Rev. W. S. Cramer Rev. Frederick H. Knubel 


Rev. C. E. Burton Rev. Peter Ainslie 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 261 


The report was considered seriatim, and each item was 
adopted by the Council. 

Dr. Tippy presented a resolution on Near East Relief and 
also a proposed social creed, both of which were referred to 
the Business Committee. 

Rev. Rufus W. Miller presented a resolution on regional 
conferences which was referred to the Business Committee. 

Rev. Sidney L. Gulick reported for the Commission on In- 
ternational Justice and Goodwill. 

President Cadman introduced Hon. William Jennings Bryan, 
who spoke on “The Church and World Peace.” 

Rev. S. Parkes Cadman, in order to meet engagements in 
New York, asked to be excused from further attendance. A 
rising vote of appreciation was extended to President Cad- 
man for his services as presiding officer. 

Hon. Carl E. Milliken, one of the Vice-Presidents of the 
Council, was called to the Chair and presided over the further 
deliberations of the meeting. 

Professor James T. Shotwell of Columbia University spoke 
on “How to Outlaw War.” 

Rev. C. E. Burton, the Chairman of the Committee on Mes- 
sage, presented a partial report, dealing with the platform of 
the Council on international questions. After discussion this 
section of the report was adopted (see pages 76 to 81 of this 
volume). 

The presiding officer introduced Rabbi Marcusson, repre- 
senting the Central Conference of American Rabbis, who 
spoke briefly and brought the greetings of his body to the 
Council. 

Rev. Henry A. Atkinson gave an interpretation of the Uni- 
versal Christian Conference on Life and Work to be held in 
Stockholm, Sweden, during August, 1925. 

The presiding officer announced that owing to illness in his 
family President William A. Harper of Elon College, North 
Carolina, could not be present to deliver the address on “Per- 
sonal Religion and Public Righteousness.” 


VOTED: That a telegram of sympathy be sent to Presi- 
dent Harper. 

In his absence Rev. Carter Helm Jones of the Second Bap- 
tist Church of Atlanta offered the closing prayer and pro- 
nounced the benediction. 


Monday Afternoon, December 8, at 2:30 
In the absence of the President of the Council Rev. George 
Summey of New Orleans, Vice-President from the Presby- 
terian Church in the U. S., called the meeting to order at 


262 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


2:30 o’clock and presided during the afternoon session. Fol- 


lowing the singing of the hymn, “He Leadeth Me,” Rev. J. 
Rauch. Stein Jed in prayer. 


The Business Committee presented a further report which 
was considered item by item. 


38. That the Council refer the question of holding Regional 
Conferences for the purpose of informing and interesting the lay- 
men and women of our churches in the aims and work of the 
Council to the Administrative Committee with authority to ar- 
range such conferences if deemed advisable. 


39. That the Council refer the question of religious services on 


board passenger ships to the Commission on Evangelism for action 
if deemed wise. 


40. That the Council rejoices in the providence that enables 
America to do a worthy work of relief and reconstruction in the 
Bible lands. Saving and training the orphans for self-support, 
under the agency of Near East Relief, is a notable Christian 
service and it has also been instrumental in opening new mis- 
sionary opportunity, in developing new cooperation between Fast- 
ern and Western Christianity and in assisting interdenominational 
cooperation in this country. We are convinced that it will prob- 
ably be necessary for the work to proceed through the coming 
Quadrennium on approximately the plans of the Executive Com- 
mittee of Near Fast Relief, and we therefore approve continued 
support by the churches in its provisional plans. 

That the Council heartily endorse the idea of international 
Golden Rule Observance in behalf of Near East Relief, not only 
because of the beneficial results to Near East wards of America, 
but also because of its larger results in interpreting and developing 
international goodwill and world peace, and that it urge the 
AN ig to join in the international observance of the Golden 

ule. 

That the Council refer to the Committee on Mercy and Relief 
and to the Committee on Relations with the Eastern Churches 
the future relationships of Near East Relief with the Council. 


41. That the proposed revision of “The Social Creed of the 
Churches” and the statement of “The Social Ideals for the Rural 
Church” be referred to the Commission on the Church and Social 
Service. 


42. That the report of the Commission on International Justice 
and Goodwill be received and approved. 


43. That the set-up and plans of the Committee on Goodwill 
between Jews and Christians, a sub-committee of the Commission 
on International Justice and Goodwill, be approved. 


VOTED: To adopt the report. 


The report of the Commission on Relations with Religious 
Bodies in Europe was presented by Bishop James Cannon, 
Jr. An address, “The Present Crisis in European Protestant- 
ism,” was delivered by Rev. Adolf Keller of Zurich, Secretary 
of the Central Bureau for the Relief of Evangelical Churches 
of Europe. The report was discussed by Rev. Charles E. 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 263 


Schaeffer, Secretary of the Board of Home Missions of the 
Reformed Church in the United States, Philadelphia, and Rev. 
Chauncey W. Goodrich, American representative of the Cen- 
tral Bureau of Relief of the Evangelical Churches of Europe. 
The report was referred to the Business Committee. 

The report of the Committee on Relations with the East- 
ern Churches was presented by Secretary Cavert and referred 
to the Business Committee. 

An address on the subject, “How Can Cooperation and Fel- 
lowship with the Eastern Churches Be Increased?’ was de- 
livered by Rev. James I. Vance, Nashville, Tennessee. 

His Grace Panteleimon, Archbishop of the Eastern Ortho- 
dox Church of Jerusalem, was presented to the Council and 
brought a message in French which was translated by Rev. 
Chauncey W. Goodrich. 

Communications were presented to the Council by the 
Recording Secretary as follows: 

Methodist Students’ Conference, Kalamazoo, Michigan 


Dr. Stephen P. Duggan, of the Institute of International Edu- 
cation 

Hlon. George W. Wickersham, of New York 

Edward A. Filene, of Boston 

John H. Finley, of New York 

Mary E. Woolley, President of Mount Holyoke College 

Mrs. Helen B. Montgomery, of Rochester, N. Y. 

Baron de Cartier, Belgian Ambassador 


Hon. William Jennings Bryan made the closing prayer. 
VOTED: To adjourn. 


Monday Evening, December 8, at 8:00 


Vice-President Carl E. Milliken presiding. 

Singing, “America.” 

Prayer was offered by Rev. W. W. Staley. 

An anthem was rendered by the choir of the First Presby- 
terian Church. 

An address was given by Governor William E. Sweet of 
Colorado on “Christianizing Our International Relations.” 

An anthem was rendered by the choir of the First Pres- 
byterian Church. 

An address was given by Justice Florence E. Allen, of the 
Supreme Court of Ohio. 

The hymn, “Blest Be the Tie That Binds,” was sung. 

The closing prayer was made by Rey. Albert G. Lawson. 


264 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Tuesday Morning, December 9, at 9:30 


Rev. George Summey, Vice-President, presiding. 

Rev. E. J. Sonne conducted the devotions. The audience 
joined in singing the hymn, “Ye Servants of God,” and Chap- 
lain John T. Axton led in prayer. 


In the absence of Bishop William F. McDowell, Secretary 
Charles S. Macfarland presented the report of the General 
Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains. 


The Chairman of the meeting presented to the Council, 
Chaplain John T. Axton of the Army and Chaplain Evan W. 
Scott of the Navy, who made brief remarks. 


The following Chaplains were then introduced to the Coun- 
cil: Henry N. Blanchard, 6th U. S. Cavalry, Fort Ogle- 
thorpe, Georgia; Frank B. Bonner, 5th Field Artillery, Fort 
Bragg, N. C.; Calvin B. Williams, Chaplain O. R. C., Atlanta, 
Ga}; LutheriD.."Miller,U)) SiArmy, Port ‘McPherson)"Ga_; 
John T. DeBardeleben, Post Chaplain, Fort Benning, Ga.; 
Orville E. Fisher, U. S. Army, Fort Moultrie, S. C. 


The following resolution was introduced and unanimously 
accepted by the Council: 


RESOLVED: That the Federal Council of the Churches 
of Christ in America herewith expresses its appreciation of 
the following declaration by President Coolidge in his Mes- 
sage to Congress of December 3, 1924, and its deep satisfac- 
tion at the enunciation of principles therein contained. 


“Our country has definitely relinquished the old standard of 
dealing with other countries by terror and force, and is definitely 
committed to the new standard of dealing with them through 
friendship and understanding. This new policy should be con- 
stantly kept in mind by the guiding forces of the army and navy, 
by the Congress and by the country at large. I believe it holds 
a promise of great benefit to humanity. I shall resist any attempt 
to resort to the old methods and the old standards. I am espe- 
cially solicitous that foreign nations should comprehend the can- 
dor and sincerity with which we have adopted this position. 
While we propose to maintain defensive and supplementary police 
forces by land and sea, and to train them through inspections 
and manoeuvers upon appropriate occasions in order to maintain 
their efficiency, I wish every other nation to understand that this 
does not express any unfriendliness or convey any hostile intent. 
I want the armed forces of America to be considered by all 
peoples not as enemies but as friends, as the contribution which 
is made by this country for the maintenance of the peace and 
security of the world.” 


RESOLVED: That the General Secretary be requested 
to convey this action to President Coolidge. 
The Business Committee made its final report as follows; 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 265 


44. The efficient services of Rev. Adolf Keller of Zurich, Switzer- 
land, Secretary of the Central Bureau for Relief of the Evangel- 
ical Churches in Europe, cannot be too highly appreciated. Keen, 
intelligent, and an unfailing source of information, he holds a 
strategic position as a kind of clearing-house for rendering 
financial and other help to the very needy churches of Europe, 
and also as a central point of contact for the development of 
Christian fellowship, practical cooperation and spiritual unity 
among Protestants of Europe. 


45. The Committee on Relations with Eastern Churches is 
hereby authorized as a Committee of the Council and its report 
is approved. 


46. The following reports are hereby approved: of the Com- 
mittee on the War and the Religious Outlook, of the Commission 
on Christian Education, of the Editorial Council of the Religious 
Press. 


47. The following statements are received with cordial goodwill 
and appreciation: from the Federation of Woman’s Boards of 
Foreign Missions of North America, the Committee on Coopera- 
tion in Latin America and the Student Volunteer Movement for 
Foreign Missions. 


48. That all matters in the report of the General Committee on 
Army and Navy Chaplains having to do with the larger phases 
of future policy be referred to the special Committee of Twelve 
-on Army and Navy Chaplains; and that in the meantime the 
present program of the General Committee on Army and Navy 
Chaplains be approved. 


49. That the Council request the official representative of the 
several Constituent Churches of the Council to send at least 60 
days in advance of the Quadrennial Meetings of the Council a 
certified list of accredited delegates, and further that each regu- 
larly appointed delegate be furnished with proper credentials to 
be presented at the time of registration. 


VOTED: To adopt the report as a whole. 


The report of the Credentials Committee was presented by 
Hon. Carl E. Milliken (see page 271 of this volume). 

This report was accepted, with the addition of Professor 
Richter’s name on the guest list and three official visitors from 
the Lutherans, and it was 


VOTED: That authority be granted to add to the list the 
names of any delegates who shall be certified by the proper 
denominational authorities as accredited delegates and by the 
Chairman of the delegation at Atlanta as having been present 
at the meeting, the Chaplains to be added as visitors. 

Professor Julius H. Richter of the University of Berlin, 
addressed the Council on “The Religious Situation in Ger- 
many Today.” 

“The Message to the Churches of America” and “The Mes- 
sage to the Churches of Other Lands” were presented by Rev. 
Howard B. Grose (see pages 71 to 75). 


266 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


VOTED: To adopt the messages. 


The report of the Committee on Necrology was presented 
by Rev. A. G. Lawson, as follows: 


The great reaper has gathered a large harvest from our Fed- 
eral Council fellowship through the past four years. 

Sixty-eight men and women, sharers with us in Christian ser- 
vice, have been promoted to the upper home. Some of them 
have greatly enriched the commonwealth of the world with their 
ideas and ideals, and many of them have enjoyed the highest 
honors possible in their respective church bodies. How leaders 
have been stricken is shown in the loss of eleven Bishops, one 
body, the African Methodist Episcopal Church, having lost three 
of its Bishops during this period. The roll call of the departed 
will bring to our minds how much they have all meant to us in 
our Council History. Our Federal Council is a continuing 
Brotherhood and we will live richer lives because of those who 
have gone before. 

We quote for them the record of Israel’s heroes in the letter 
to the Hebrews :—“Having obtained a good report through faith, 
these all absent from the body are at home with the Lord.” Ere 
long we will join them. 

AvBertT G. LAWSON, 
- W. W. STALEY, 

D. B. CoLTRANE, 
Committee on Necrology. 


Baptist Churches, North 


datas Wooster W. Beman (1922), Michigan, Federal Council 

ember 

F. Wayland Ayer (1923), Pennsylvania, Federal Council Member 

Rev. Henry F. Cope (1923), Illinois, Commission on Christian 
Education 

Edward S. Clinch (1924), New York, Federal Council Member 

Col. Edward H. Haskell (1924), Mass., Commission on Tem- 
perance 


National Baptist Convention 


Rev. Elias C. Morris (1922), Arkansas, President National Bap- 
tist Convention 

Rev. W. G. Parks (1923), Pennsylvania, Vice-President 

Rev. H. H. Harris (1923), Missouri, Federal Council Member 

Rev. J. H. C. Henry (1923), Mississippi, Federal Council Member 

Rev. F. K. White (1924), Texas, Commission on Evangelism. 


Christian Church 
Rev. Alvah H. Morrell (1922), New Hampshire, Federal Council 
Alternate 
Rev. M. T. Morrill (1921), Ohio, Federal Council Member, Ex- 
ecutive Committee Alternate 


Congregational Churches 


H. H. Speoner (1921), Conn., Commission on Temperance 

Rev. Frederick M. Barton (1922), Ohio, Member of Editorial 
Council 

Rev. Gerald H. Beard (1922), Conn., Federal Council Member 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 267 


Disciples of Christ 


Rev. Edward B. Bagby (1921), Washington, D. C., Federal 
Council Alternate 

Rev. A. McLean (1921), Missouri, Federal Council Member 

Rev. Jasper T. Moses (1921), Mexico, Member of Publicity 
Department 

Rev. Irving S. Chenoweth (1922), Pennsylvania, Executive Com- 
mittee Alternate, Federal Council Member 


Evangelical Church 


Bishop U. F. Swengel (1921), Pennsylvania, formerly member 
of Executive Committee 

Bishop G. Heinmiller (1922), Ohio, member of Federal Council 
since 1912, Executive Committee Alternate 

Rev. W. M. Stanford (1923), Pennsylvania, Federal Council 
ot eS Alternate, Commission on Evangelism, Vice-Pres- 
ident 


Methodist Episcopal Church 


Rev. P. A. Baker (1924), Ohio, Federal Council Member 

Frank L. Brown (1922), New York, Commissions on Interna- 
tional Justice and Goodwill and Councils of Churches 

George Warren Brown (1922), Missouri, Federal Council Mem- 
ber since 1912 

Rev. John Goucher (1922), Maryland, Federal Council Member 
since 1912 

James W. Kinnear (1922), Pennsylvania, International Justice and 
Goodwill 

L. Wilbur Messer (1923), Illinois, Federal Council Member, 
Executive Committee Alternate | 

Rev. S. A. D. Rogers (1924), Kansas, Federal Council Member 

Miss Florence Simms (1923), New York, Commission on the 
Church and Social Service 

Rev. F. W. Hixson (1921), Pennsylvania, Federal Council Mem- 
ber 


Methodist Episcopal Church South 


Bishop Walter R. Lambuth (1921), California, Chairman of 
Executive Committee 
BOP James Atkins (1923), Tennessee, Federal Council Mem- 
er 
Miss Belle Bennett (1923), Kentucky, Commission on the Church 
and Race Relations 


African Methodist Episcopal Church 


Bishop George W. Clinton (1921), North Carolina, Federal Coun- 
cil Member 

Bishop C. S. Smith (1923), Michigan, Federal Council Member, 
Vice-President, Church and Race Relations 

Bishop L. J. Coppin (1924), Pennsylvania, Federal Council 
Member 


Methodist Protestant 


Chancellor D. S. Stephens (1922), Kansas, formerly Federal 
Council Member 


268 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A. 


S. Spencer Chapman (1924), Pennsylvania, formerly Federal 
Council Member 

Rey. William J. Darby (1922), Indiana, Federal Council Mem- 
ber since 1912 

Rev. D. Stuart Dodge (1922), New York, formerly Commission 
on Temperance 

Robert S. Fulton (1923), Ohio, Federal Council Member 

John B. Lennon (1923), Illinois, Board of Finance 

Rev. Charles Little (1923), Indiana, Federal Council Member 

Rev. Henry Collin Minton (1924), New Jersey, formerly Fed- 
eral Council Member 

John D. Rendall (1924), Pennsylvania, Church and Race Re- 
lations 

Rev. Charles L. Thompson (1924), New York, Member Admin- 
istrative Committee and Commission on Councils of Churches 


Presbyterian Church in the U. S. (South) 


John J. Eagan (1924), Georgia, Administrative Committee 
Chairman, Commission on the Church and Race Relations; 
Commission on the Church and Social Service 


Primitive Methodist 


Rev. N. W. Matthews (1923), Pa., President Primitive Methodist 
Church; Commission on International Justice and Goodwill 
Rev. G. J. Jefferies (1924), Pennsylvania, President Primitive 

Methodist General Conference 


Protestant Episcopal 


Rev. John P. Peters (1921), New York, Commission on the 
Church and Social Service 

Rev. William Austin Smith (1922), New York, Federal Council 
Member 

Rt. Rev. Alfred Harding (1923), Washington, D. C., Washington 
Committee, formerly Federal Council Member 

Rt. Rev. Charles D. Williams (1923), Michigan, formerly Federal 
Council member 

Robert H. Gardiner (1924), Maine, Federal Council Member; 
Administrative Committee; Executive Committee 

Silas McBee (1924), New York, Religious Bodies in Europe 

W. T. Schutz (1924), Conn., Federal Council Alternate 


Reformed Church in America 


Rev. John H. Brandow (1921), New York, Federal Council 
Member 

Rev. Albert de Witt Mason (1923), New York, Federal Council 
Member; Executive Committee Alternate 


Reformed Church in the U. S. 
Rev. James I. Good (1924), Pennsylvania, Federal Council 
Member 


Reformed Episcopal Church 


Bishop Samuel Fallows (1922), Illinois, Member of the Federal 
Council since 1912; Executive Committee 


FIFTH QUADRENNIAL MEETING 269 


United Brethren Church 
Bishop George M. Mathews (1921), Ohio, Executive Commit- 
tee; Federal Council Member; Administrative Committee 
Edwin L. Shuey (1924), Ohio, Executive Committee Alternate; 
Administrative Committee; Board of Finance; Councils of 
Churches 
United Presbyterian Church 
Professor Joseph Kyle (1923), Ohio, formerly Federal Council 
Member 
Rev. J. N. Knipe (1924), New York, Federal Council Member 
United Lutheran Church 
Rev. Lauritz Larsen (1923), New York, General Committee on 
Army and Navy Chaplains 
Not Listed Denominationally 
Mrs. J. H. Hoskins (1922), Missouri, Church and Race Relations 
Hon. Paul S. Reinsch (1923), D. C., International Justice and 
Goodwill 

The Council stood while the names were read of those who 
have died during the last four years, and Bishop Cannon led 
in prayer. 

VOTED: To adopt the report, with authority to add any 
additional names that might be found to have been omitted. 

Mrs. Luke Johnson brought greetings from the Federation 
of Woman’s Boards of Foreign Missions. 

A message from the Student Volunteer Movement for For- 
eign Missions was given by Marvin Harper. 

Nominations by the several denominational groups for Vice- 
Presidents of the Council and members of the Executive Com- 
mittee and alternates were presented and these officers were 
elected by unanimous vote (see pages 350 to 351 and 369 
of this volume). 


The report of the Committee on Resolutions was presented 
by Rev. A. J. C. Bond, Chairman, as follows: 


“We, the members of the Federal Council of the Churches of 
Christ in America, assembled in regular quadrennial session in the 
City of Atlanta, Georgia, hereby record our grateful appreciation 
of the gracious and abounding hospitality of the people of this 
great city of our Southland. 

Everything that warm hearts and willing hands could do to 
make the delegates to this convention comfortable and happy has 
been done in an unassuming, but in a most gracious and efficient 
manner. 

Evidences of painstaking preparations for our coming have 
been present on every hand, and the atmosphere of Christian 
cordiality which has surrounded us has contributed much to the 
success of these meetings. 

In this connection, we wish to name especially the Atlanta 
Christian Council and its Committee of Arrangements under the 
chairmanship of Rev. Richard Orme Flinn and with its quiet but 
efficient secretary, Mr. James A. Morton, and the pastor, official 
board, and members of the Central Presbyterian Church, with 


270 + FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


special thanks to Mr. J. E. Kirk, Chairman of the Committee on 
Places of Meetings. 

We wish to thank the several choirs of the city that had places 
on our program and the Fisk Jubilee Singers for their inspiring 
music. 

We wish to record our appreciation of the service rendered by 
the representatives of the press through their faithful and gen- 
erous reports of these sessions: 


THE ASSOCIATED PRESS THE INDIANAPOLIS NEwS 
_ UNIVERSAL NEws Tue UnNItTep PrREss 

THE INTERNATIONAL NEWS THE UNITED News 

THe New York HERALpD- THE Cuicaco TRIBUNE 

: TRIBUNE Tue NASHVILLE BANNER 

Tue NASHVILLE TENNESSEAN 

LocAL PAPERS 
JouRNAL CoNSTITUTION GEORGIAN 


We are profoundly grateful for the able, devoted and inspiring 
leadership, during the last four years, of that Christian states- 
man and faithful servant of the Master, Dr. Robert E. Speer. 

With prophetic vision and a high courage, but also with sympa- 
thetic understanding and patient consideration, he has brought 
the Council to that place where more nearly than ever before, it 
is able to throw the total impact of our American Protestantism 
upon the vital issues of our own country and of the world. 

For such leadership and for the faithful work of all the officers 
of the Council and of its Commissions and its Committees we are 
deeply thankful to God, whom all in their respective relationships 
are seeking to serve. To Him we would render thanksgiving and 
praise for His unerring guidance through the years, and for the 
manifest presence of His gracious spirit during the sessions of 
the Council now drawing to a close. We trust to His guidance 
for the future ‘and pray that His spirit shall continue to direct 
in all the aspirations and plans and work of this Federal Council 
of the Churches of Christ in America.” 


VOTED: To refer the minutes of this session of the Fed- 
eral Council with any items of unfinished business to the Ex- 
ecutive Committee for approval and publication. 

VOTED: To adopt the resolution. 

Closing remarks were made by Rev. Richard Orme Flinn, 
Chairman of the Atlanta Committee on Arrangements, af- 
ter which the hymn “Blest Be the Tie That Binds” was sung. 

Closing prayers were given by Rev. W. W. Staley, Rev. J. 
L. Updegraph and Alfred R. Kimball. 

VOTED: To adjourn sine die. 

The benediction was pronounced by Dr. Summey. 

Rivincton D. Lorp, 
Recording Secretary. 
C. E.. SCHAEFFER,. 
., A. J..C. Bonn, 


Assistant Secretaries 


REPORT OF CREDENTIALS COMMITTEE 


of Members, Corresponding Members, Guests and Visitors present 
at the Quadrennial Meeting of the Federal Council, 
held at Atlanta, Georgia, December 3-9, 1924 


Northern Baptist Convention 
Members: 

Rev. Alfred Wms. Anthony, New York City. 

Rev. Edward Bleakney (Alternate appointed for meeting), 
Utiea cn iY, 

Mrs. George W. Coleman, Boston, Mass. 

Rev. George L. Ford (Alternate appointed for meeting), Youngs- 
town, O. 

Rev. Howard B. Grose, New York City 

Rev. Albert G. Lawson, Meredith, N. Y. 

*Reyv. Rivington D. Lord, Brooklyn, N. Y. 

Rev. John M. Moore, Brooklyn, N. Y. 

*Hon. Carl E Milliken, Portland, Me. 

Rev... E. A. E. Palmquist (Alternate appointed for meeting), 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

nyueda tae J. Price (Alternate appointed for meeting), Rochester, 


Rev. Frank A. Smith (Alternate appointed for meeting), New 
York City 
W. H. Start (Alternate appointed for meeting), Utica, N. Y. 


Corresponding Members: 
Rev. John Hope, Atlanta, Ga. (Race Relations) 


National Baptist Convention 


Members: 
Rev. P. James Bryant (Alternate appointed for meeting), At- 
lanta, Ga. 
Rev. J. W. Goodgame (Alternate appointed for meeting), Birm- 
ingham, Ala. 


Rev. H. W. Holloway, Helena, Ark. 

Rev. W. H. Jernagin, Washington, D. C. 

W. F. Lovelace (Alternate for meeting), Wynne, Ark. 
Rev. I. A. Thomas, Evanston, IIl 

Rev. Thomas H. White (Alternate), Jersey City, N. J. 
Rev. W. H. Williams, Cincinnati, O. 


Christian Church 
Members: 
Rev. J. O. Atkinson, Elon College, N. C. 
Rev. J. F. Burnett, Dayton, O. 
Rev. Frank G. Coffin, Albany, Mo. 
Rev. L. E. Smith, Norfolk, Va. 
Rev., W. W. Staley, Suffolk, Va. 
Rev. Martyn Summerbell, Lakemont, N. Y. 


* Free Baptists. 


271 


272 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Corresponding Members: 


Rev. Warren H. Denison, Dayton, O. (Social Service) 


Rev. W. P. Minton, Dayton, O. (International Justice and Good- 
will) 
Omer S. Thomas, Dayton, O. (Army and Navy Chaplains) 


Churches of God (General Eldership) 
Members: 


Rev. J. L. Updegraph, Findlay, O. 
Congregational Churches 


Members: 
Rev. Arthur H. Armstrong (Alternate appointed for meeting), 
St. Louis, Mo. 


Chaplain John T. Axton, Washington, D. C. 

Rev. Charles E. Burton, New York City 

Rev. S. Parkes Cadman, Brooklyn, N. Y. 

Rolfe Cobleigh, Boston, Mass. 

Rev. D. Witherspoon Dodge (Alternate appointed for meet- 
ing), Atlanta, Ga. 

Rev. F. L. Fagley, New York City 

Rev. Hiram B. Harrison (Alternate appointed for meeting), New 


York City 
Rey. George Irving (Alternate appointed for meeting), New 
York City 
Maree Lawless (Alternate appointed for meeting), Atlanta, 
a: 


Rev. Rockwell H. Potter, Hartford, Conn. 


Rev. W. W. Scudder (Alternate appointed for meeting), New 
York City 


Corresponding Members: 
Rev. Hastings H. Hart, New York City (Social Service) 
Hon. William E. Sweet, Denver, Colo. (Social Service) 
Chaplain Evan W. Scott, Washington, D. C. (Army and Navy 
Chaplains) 
Fred B. Smith, New York City (Councils of Churches) 


Disciples of Christ 
Members: 


Rev. B. A. Abbott, St. Louis, Mo. 

Rev. Henry Pearce Atkins (Alternate appointed for meeting), 
Cincinnati, O. 

Rev. Peter Ainslie, Baltimore, Md. 

Rev. P. M. Baber (Alternate appointed for meeting), Clarksville, 
Tenn. 

Rev. F. W. Burnham, St. Louis, Mo. 

Rev. George A. Campbell, St. Louis, Mo. 

Rev. A. E. Cory, Kinston, N. C. 

es N. Downey (Alternate appointed for meeting), Atlanta, 

as 

Rev. L. W. McCreary (Alternate appointed for meeting), Balti- 
more, Md. 

Rev. Wright T. Moore (Alternate appointed for meeting), At- 
lanta, Ga. 

Rev. C. C. Morrison (Alternate), Chicago, II. 


REPORT OF CREDENTIALS COMMITTEE 273 


Rev. George P. Rutledge (Alternate appointed for meeting), 


Cincinnati, O. 

Rev. G. H. Steed (Alternate appointed for meeting), Norfolk, 
Va. 

Rev. C. H. Winders (Alternate appointed for meeting), Indian- 
apolis, Ind. 


Corresponding Members: 
Rev. W. R. Warren, St. Louis, Mo. (Editorial Council) 


Evangelical Church 
Members: 


Bishop S. C. Breyfogel, Reading, Pa. 

Bishop J. F. Dunlap, Cleveland, O. 

Rev. E. G. Frye, Cleveland, O. 

Rev. A. E. Hangen, Cleveland, O. 

Rev. G. B. Kimmel, Naperville, Ill. 

Bishop M. T. Maze, Harrisburg, Pa. 

Rev. T. C. Meckel, Cleveland, O. 

Rev. H. V. Summers (Alternate for Bishop Spreng), Columbus, O. 


Corresponding Members: 
Rev. J. W. Heininger, Cleveland, O. (Evangelism) 


Evangelical Synod of North America 
Members: 


Rev. A. H. Becker, New Orleans, La. 
Rev. J. H. Horstmann, St. Louis, Mo. 
Rev. Reinhold Niebuhr, Detroit, Mich. 


Friends 
Members: 


Miss Clara I. Cox (Alternate), High Point, N. C. 

Dr. Francis Hackney, Chattanooga, Tenn. 

Professor Samuel L. Haworth, Guilford College, N. C. 
President J. Edwin Jay (Alternate), Wilmington, O. 
Mrs. Alice Paige White, High Point, N. C. 

Dr. Walter C. Woodward, Richmond, Ind. 


Corresponding Members: 


Alfred C. Garrett, Philadelphia, Pa. (Race Relations) 
S. E. Nicholson, Washington, D. C. (Temperance) 


Methodist Episcopal Church 
Members: 


George Bird (Alternate appointed for meeting), Atlanta, Ga. 

Rev. Dan B. Brummitt, Chicago, IIl. 

Ernest H. Cherrington, Westerville, O. 

Rev. Edmund J. Hammond (Alternate appointed for meeting), 
Atlanta, Ga. 

Rev. F. M. Larkin, San Francisco, Calif. 

Bishop Francis J. McConnell, Pittsburgh, Pa. 

Bishop William F. McDowell, Washington, D. C. 

Rev. Edward Laird Mills, Portland, Ore. 

Rev. H. E. Murkett, Chattanooga, Tenn. 

Rev. Frank Mason North, New York City 

Rev. Frank P. Parkin, Philadelphia, Pa. 


274. FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Rev. Albert B. Storms, Berea, O. 

Bishop Wilbur P. Thirkield, New Orleans, La. 

C. A. Titus (Alternate appointed for meeting), Decatur, Ga. 
Rev. Charles E. Vermilya, New York City 

Rev. R. J. Wade, Chicago, II. 

Rev. J. R. Van Pelt (Alternate appointed for meeting), Atlanta, 


Ga. 
Rev. J. J. Wallace, Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Rev. E. C. Wareing, Cincinnati, O. 


Corresponding Members: 
Rev. George B. Dean, Philadelphia, Pa. (Evangelism) 
David G. Latshaw, New York City (Administrative Committee) 
Mrs. Wilbur P. Thirkield, New Orleans, La. (Race Relations) 


Methodist Episcopal Church, South 


Members: 
Rev. L. C. Branscomb, Anniston, Ala. 
Rev. M. L. Burton, Meridian, Miss. 
Bishop James Cannon, Jr., Washington, D. C. 
D. B. Coltrane, Concord, N. C. 
Rev. Plato Durham, Atlanta, Ga. 
Rev. J. S. French, Bristol, Tenn. 
Mrs. Luke Johnson, Atlanta, Ga. 
Thomas Mellow, St. Louis, Mo. 
Bishop Edwin D. Mouzon, Nashville, Tenn. 
Rev. Franklin N. Parker, Atlanta, Ga. 
Rev. W. F. Quillian, Macon, Ga. 
Rev. R. G. Smith, Augusta, Ga. 
Mrs. H. R. Steele, Nashville, Tenn. 
E. Frank Storey, Franklin, Va. 
Rev. W. F. Tillett, Nashville, Tenn. 
R. M. Weaver, Corinth, Miss. 
Rev. G. B. Winton, Paducah, Ky. 
Rev. C. M. Woodward, Atlanta, Ga. 


Corresponding Members: 

Rey. Will W. Alexander, Atlanta, Ga. (Race Relations) 

Rev. Stonewall Anderson, Nashville, Tenn. (Race Relations) 

Bishop W. B. Beauchamp, Brussels, Belgium (Religious Bodies 
in Europe) 

James A. Burrow, Nashville, Tenn. (Editorial Council) 

R. B. Eleazer, Atlanta, Ga. (Editorial Council) 

Mrs. J. H. McCoy, Nashville, Tenn. (Councils of Churches) 

Rev. W. W. Pinson, Nashville, Tenn. (Religious Bodies in 
Europe) 

Fennell P. Turner, New York City, (International Justice and 
Goodwill) 

Rev. A. C. Zumbrunnen, Nashville, Tenn. (Social Service) 


African Methodist Episcopal Church 


Members: 
Rev. W. P. Q. Byrd, Mount Bayou, Miss. 
Rev. C. P. Cole, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Bishop A. L. Gaines, Baltimore, Md. 
Bishop Reverdy C: Ransom, Nashville, Tenn. 


REPORT OF CREDENTIALS COMMITTEE 275 


Rev. S. A. Williams, St. Petersburg, Fla. 
Rev A. W. Wilson, Wilmington, N. C 


Corresponding Members: 
Rev. G. F. David, Lexington, Ky. (Country Life) 


African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church 
Members: 


Rev. H. J. Callis, Knoxville, Tenn. 
Bishop George C. Clement, Louisville, Ky. 
Bishop W. L. Lee, Brooklyn, NY? 
Bishop W. J. Walls, Charlotte, N. C. 


Colored Methodist Episcopal Church 
Members: 


Bishop R. A. Carter (Alternate) Chicago, II. 
Bishop C. H. Phillips, Cleveland, 
Rev. J. A. Walker, Anderson, S. C. 


Corresponding Members: 
W. A. Bell, Atlanta, Ga. (Councils of Churches) 
Bishop N. G. Cleaves, St. Louis, Mo. (Race Relations) 
G. L. Word, Birmingham, Ala. (Executive Committee Alternate) 


Methodist Protestant Church 
Members: 
Rev. J. R. Anderson (Alternate appointed for meeting), Atlanta, 


Ga. 
Rev. J. S. Eddins (Alternate appointed for meeting), Birming- 
ham, Ala. 
Rev. Thomas H. Lewis, Washington, D. C. 
yi oe Mills (Alternate appointed for meeting), Birmingham, 
a. 


Moravian Church 
Members: 


Rt. Rev. Edward Rondthaler, Winston-Salem, N. C. 
Walter T. Spaugh, College Park, Ga. 
Corresponding Members: 
' Rev. Irvin E. Deer, Dayton, O. (Local Councils of Churches) 


Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A. 
Members: 


Rev. W. H. Black, Marshall, Mo. 

Hon. William Jennings Bryan, Miami, Fla. 
Rev. Charles L. Candee, Wilmington, Del. 
Rev. E. A. Elmore, Chattanooga, Tenn. 
Rev. S. A. Fulton, DesMoines, Ia. 

Rev. M. L. Haines, Indianapolis, Ind. 

Rev. Reuben H. Hartley, La jolla, Gah 
Rev. W. Beatty Jennings, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Rev. John A. Marquis, New York City 
Rev. William McKibbin, Cincinnati, O. 
Robert E. Speer, New York City 

Rev. J. Ross Stevenson, Princeton, N. J. 
Rev. Joseph A. Vance, Detroit, Mich. 

O. R. Williamson, Chicago, Ill.» . 
Rev. Charles L. Zorbaugh, Columbus, O. 


276 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Corresponding Members: 
Rev. Sylvester W. Beach, Princeton, N. J. (Religious Bodies in 


Europe) ' fp 
Rev. William Adams Brown, New York City (Administrative 
Committee) 
Rev. William L. Darby, Washington, D. C. (Washington Com- 
mittee) 


Mrs. Archibald H. Davis, Atlanta, Ga. (Councils of Churches) 

Alfred R. Kimball, New York City 

Walter R. Mee, Chicago, Ill. (Western Committee) 

Rev. Ralph C. McAfee, Kansas City, Mo. (Local Councils of 
Churches) : 

Rev. Warren H. Wilson, New York City (Country Life) 


Presbyterian Church in the U. S. (South) 
Members: 


Rev. W. S. Campbell, Richmond, Va. 

Hon. Willis M. Everett, Atlanta, Ga. 

Rev. Homer McMillan (Alternate), Atlanta, Ga. 
Rev. George Summey, New Orleans, La. 

Rev. John M. Wells (Alternate), Sumter, S. C. 


Corresponding Members: 


Rev. Richard Orme Flinn, Atlanta, Ga. (Evangelism) 

Rev. Teunis E. Gouwens, Louisville, Ky. (International Justice 
and Goodwill) 

Marion M. Jackson, Atlanta, Ga. (Race Relations) 

Rev. S. L. Morris, Atlanta, Ga. (Race Relations) 

Rev. Charles H. Pratt, Louisville, Ky. (Race Relations) 

Rev. David M. Sweets, Louisville, Ky. (Editorial Council) 

Rev. Henry H. Sweets, Louisville, Ky. (Race Relations) 


Protestant Episcopal Commission on Christian Unity and 
Department of Christian Social Service 


Members: 
Rt. Rev. K. G. Finlay (Alternate appointed for meeting), Co- 
lumbia, S. C. 
Rev. W. W. Memminger (Alternate appointed for meeting), At- 
lanta, Ga. 
Rev. George L. Paine (Alternate appointed for meeting), Boston, 


Mas 


s. 
Rt. Rev. Frederick F. Reese (Alternate appointed for meeting), 
Savannah, Ga. 


Miss Lucinda Snoot (Alternate appointed for meeting), Atlanta, 


ae 
Rt. Rev. Ethelbert Talbot, Bethlehem, Pa. ‘ 
Mrs. Richard Ward Westbrook (Alternate appointed for meet- 
ing), Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Corresponding Members: 
Arthur E. Hungerford, Baltimore, Md. (Editorial Council) 
Reformed Church in America 
Members: 
Rev. Albertus T. Broek, Mt. Vernon, N. Y. 
Rev. John A. Dykstra, Grand Rapids, Mich. 


Rev. I. W. Gowen, North Bergen, N. J. 
Rev. Ame Vennema, Passaic, N. J. 


REPORT OF CREDENTIALS COMMITTEE 277 


Reformed Church in the United States 
Members: 


Franklin P. Brown, Dayton, O. 

Rev. Henry J. Christman, Dayton, O. 

Rev. W. Stuart Cramer, Lancaster, Pa. 

Rey. Paul S. Leinbach, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Rev. J. C. Leonard (Alternate for Mr. Paisley), Lexington, N. C. 

Rev. Charles E. Miller, Tiffin, O. 

Rev. Rufus W. Miller, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Rev. James M. Mullan (Alternate for Dr. I{erman), Philadel- 
phia, Pa. 

Rev. George W. Richards (Alternate for Dr. Apple), Lancaster, 


rif 
Rev. Charles E. Schaeffer, Philadelphia, Pa. 


Rev. J. Rauch Stein (Alternate for Dr. Darms), Philadelphia, 
Ea: 


Reformed Episcopal Church 
Members: 


Rev. W. Russell Collins (Alternate), Montclair, N. J. 
Rev. Joseph Kearney, Summerville, S. 

Bishop Robert L. Rudolph, Philadelphia, Pa: 

Rey. Edward J. S. Sonne (Alternate), Chicago, IIl. 


Seventh Day Baptist Churches 
Members: 


Rey. A. J. C. Bond, Plainfield, N. J. 
President Boothe C. Davis, Alfred, N. Y. 
Rev. Arthur E. Main, Alfred, N. Y. 


United Brethren in Christ 
Members: 


Bishop William M. Bell, Harrisburg, Pa. 
S. C. Caldwell, Swanton, Nebr. 

Bishop A. R. Clippinger, Dayton, O. 
Rev. W. G. Clippinger, Westerville, O. 
Bishop H. H. Fout, Indianapolis, Ind. 
Rev. W. R. Funk, Dayton, O. 

Bishop C. J. Kephart, Kansas City, Mo. 
Rev. A. T. Howard, Dayton, O. 


United Presbyterian Church 
Members: 
Rev. J. L. Hervey, Woodhaven, N. Y. 
Rev. R. A. Hutchison, Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Rev. D. F. McGill, Bellevue, Pa. 
Rev. J. Knox Montgomery, New Concord, O. 
Rev. J. Howard Tate, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Rev. W. I. Wishart, Pittsburgh, Pa. 


Corresponding Members: 


Mrs. John Ferguson, New York City (Administrative Committee) 
Rey. R. W. McGranahan, Pittsburgh, Pa. (Race Relations) 


278 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Corresponding Members at the Quadrennial Meeting Representing 
Affiliated, Cooperating and Consultative Bodies 


Home Missions Council 
Rev. Charles E. Vermilya 


Council of Women for Home Missions 


Mrs. George W. Coleman 
Mrs. John Ferguson 
Mrs. Luke Johnson 

Mrs. J. H. McCoy 

Miss Laura H. Parker 
Mrs. Wilbur P. Thirkield 
Mrs. Katherine Westfall 


Federation of Woman’s Boards of Foreign Missions 


Mrs. Luke Johnson 
Mrs. H. R. Steele 


Council of Church Boards of Education 
Dr. Stonewall Anderson 


Rev. H. H. Sweets 
Rev. George J. Gongaware 


International Council of Religious Education 


R. E. Magill 
Guy E. Snavely 


American Bible Society 


Rev. Frank P. Parkin 
Rev. M. B. Porter 
Rev. Arthur W. Mellen 
Rev. Hugh C. Tucker 


International Committee of the Young Men’s Christian Associations 


Rev. W. W. Alexander 
Abel J. Gregg 

George Irving 

David G. Latshaw 


National Board of the Young Women’s Christian Associations 


Mrs. Gutzon Borglum 

Mrs. Archibald Davis 

Mrs. Erie Layton Gates 

Miss Louise Leonard 

Mrs. Richard Ward Westbrook 


Committee of Reference and Counsel of the Foreign Missions 
Conference of North America 


Rev. Frank Mason North 
Rev. W. W. Pinson 

Rev. S. M. Zwemer 

F. P. Turner 


Student Volunteer Movement 


Marvin H. Harper 
Mrs. H. R. Steele 


REPORT OF CREDENTIALS COMMITTEE 279 


Friendly Visitors 
United Lutheran Church 


Rev. W. Hoppe, Savannah, Ga. 
John W. Horine, Columbia, S. C. 
Rev. W. H. Greever, Columbia, S. C. 


Secretaries of State and Local Councils of Churches 


Rev. Arthur H. Armstrong, St. Louis, Mo. 
Rev. Henry Pearce Atkins, Cincinnati, O. 
Rev. W. L. Darby, Washington, D. C 
Rey. Irvin E. Deer, Dayton, O. 

Rev. George L. Ford, Youngstown, O. 
Rev. F. M, Larkin, Los Angeles, Calif. 
Rev. Ralph C. McAfee, Kansas City, Mo. 
Rev. L. W. McCreary, Baltimore, Md. 
Walter R. Mee, Chicago, III. 

Rev. George L. Paine, Boston, Mass. 
Rev. E. A. E. Palmquist, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Rev. Orlo J. Price, Rochester, N. Y. 

Rev. G. H. Steed, Norfolk, Va. 

Rey. C. H. Winders, Indianapolis, Ind. 


Chaplains 


Chaplain John T. Axton, Chief of Chaplains, U. S. A., War Depart- 
ment, Washington, D. C. 
hati Henry N. Blanchard, 6th U. S. Cavalry, Fort Oglethorpe, 
eor 
Chaplain Frank B. Bonner, Fort Bragg, North Carolina, Chaplain 
th A 
a Calvin B. Williams, O. R. C., 15 Hudson Drive, Atlanta, 


Chaplain Luther D. Miller, Fort McPherson, Ga. 

Chaplain John T. DeBardeleben, Fort Benning, Ga., Post Chaplain. 

Chaplain Orville E. Fisher, Fort Moultrie, South Carolina. 

Chaplain Evan W. Scott, Chief Chaplain, U. S. N., Bureau of Navi- 
gation, Washington, D. C 


Special Guests and Speakers 


Justice Florence E. Allen, Cleveland, O. 

Rev. M. G. Andreades, Atlanta, Ga., representing the Ecumenical 
Patriarch of Constantinople. 

Bishop Warren A. Candler, Atlanta, Ga. 

M. M. Davies, Atlanta, Ga. 

Sir Willoughby Dickinson, London, England, representing the World 
Alliance for International Friendship through the Churches. 

Lady Elizabeth Dickinson 

Rev. M. Ashby Jones, Atlanta, Ga. 

apie ahh Keller, Reformed Church of Switzerland, Zurich, Switzer- 
an 

Rev. E. Y. Mullins, Louisville, Ky. 

Rev. T. Albert Moore, Toronto, Canada, representing the Church 
Union Committee of Canada 

Rabbi I. E. Marcuson, Macon, Ga., representing the Central Confer- 
ence of American Rabbis 

Mrs. W. A. Newell, Winston-Salem, N. C. 


280 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Rey. A. K. Reischauer, New York City, representing the National 
Christian Council of Japan 

Professor Julius Richter, Berlin, Germany, representing the Evangeli- 
cal Church Federation of Germany 

Rev. K. Tsunashima, Tokio, Japan, representing the National Coun- 
cil of the Protestant Churches of Japan 

Professor James T. Shotwell, New York City 

Most Rev. Archbishop Panteleimon Athanassiades, Chicago, Ill., rep- 
resenting the Patriarch of the Greek Orthodox Church, Jerusalem 

Professor C. B. Wilmer, Sewanee, Tenn. 


Visitors 


Mrs. Grant Allen, Stonewall, Ga. 

Irene Headley Armes, Boston, Mass. 
Rev. Clyde F. Armitage, New York City 
Rev. Paul E. Baker, Nashville, Tenn. 
Carl J. Barbour, Nashville, Tenn. 

C. D. Barr, Birmingham, Ala. 

Donald P. Bean, Chicago, IIl. 

Rev. S. L. Beougher, Wadley, Ala. 

J. W. Bergthold, Atlanta, Ga. 

Pres. R. E. Blackwell, Ashland, Va. 
Rev. Russell Brown, Atlanta, Ga. 

Rev. Thomas Jefferson Brown, Atlanta, Ga. 
Charles J. Buchanan, Indianapolis, Ind. 
Rev. H. D. Canady, South Atlanta, Ga. 
D. W. Cannon, Atlanta, Ga. 

Rev. E. R. Carter, Atlanta, Ga. 

Rev. S. J. Cartledge, Athens, Ga. 

Rev. John S. Chadwick, Birmingham, Ala. 
Rev. H. P. Clarke, Petersburg, Va. 

L. Daniel Collins, Nashville, Tenn. 
Rev. William G. Clinton, Atlanta, Ga. 
Mrs. W. S. Cramer, Lancaster, Pa. 
Rev. Edward Creager, La Grange, Ga. 
Rey. James B. Crippin, Atlanta, Ga. 
Rev. Wilson J. Culpepper, Decatur, Ga 
W. M. Danner, New York City 

Rev. William M. Dye, Etowah, Tenn. 
Rev. Thomas Dyke, Kissimmee, Fla. 
John G. Earnest, Atlanta, Ga. 

Galen M. Fisher, Pleasantville, N. Y. 
D. R. Fobbs, Atlanta, Ga. 

J. A. Freeman, Selma, Ala. 

Thomas W. Gardner, Nashville, Tenn. 
Rey. F. J. Gilbert, Kite, Ga. 

Rey. George W. Griffin, Rockville, Ind. 
Rev. Melville B. Gurley, Mt. Berry, Ga. 
Mrs. H. C. Gurr, Atlanta, Ga. 

Rev. Ernest Hall, Atlanta, Ga. 

Rey. W. S. Hamilton, East Point, Ga. 
Rev. C. C. Hamilton, LaGrange, Ga. 
Rev. William A. Hamlett, Atlanta, Ga. 
J. C. Hardie, Atlanta, Ga. 

Rev. N. F. Haygood, Newark, N. J. 
Rev. B. H. Hogan, Columbia, Ga. 


REPORT OF CREDENTIALS COMMITTEE 


Rev. M. T. J. Howard, Atlanta, Ga. 
Joseph S. Hughes, Holland, Mich. 
Mrs. A. E. Hungerford, Baltimore, Md. 
Rev. G. W. Hutchinson, Wrightville, Ga. 
Rev. B. J. Jackson, Atlanta, Ga. 
Rev.,J. W. Jackson, Atlanta, Ga. 

Rev. E. P. Johnson, Atlanta, Ga. 

Mrs. E. M. Jones, Atlanta, Ga. 

Jason S. Joy, Rye, N. Y. 

Rev. Jim D. Kilgore, Richburg, S. C. 

J. E. Kirk, Atlanta, Ga. 

Julius W. Kneeger, Atlanta, Ga. 

Rev. M. Boyd Lawrence, Atlanta, Ga. 
Eugene T. Lies, Chicago, IIl. 

Rev. D. Clay Lilly, Reynolda, N. C. 
Mrs. B. W. Lipscomb, Nashville, Tenn. 
Rev. C. B. Loomis, Decatur, Ga. 

James Love, Athens, Ga. 

Rev. J. E. Lowry, Madisonville, Tenn. 
Rev. Robert E. Lyle, Emory University, Ga. 
Elizabeth McFarland, New York City 
Mrs. Charles S. Macfarland, Mountain Lakes, N. J. 
Carrie Mellow, St. Louis, Mo. 

M. C. Morris, Atlanta, Ga. 

James A. Morton, Atlanta, Ga. 

Rev. J. G. Myers, Nashville, Tenn. 
Joseph Myers, Jr., Indianapolis, Ind. 
Mrs. J. G. Myers, Nashville, Tenn. 

Rey. C. K. Nah, Songdo, Korea 

Louie D. Newton, Atlanta, Ga. 

Horatio W. O’Bannon, Nashville, Tenn. 
Rev. J. H. Palmer, Chattanooga, Tenn. 
Mrs. E. A. E. Palmquist, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Wilbur N. Parker, Monita, Va. 

Rev. Leander A. Pinkston, Atlanta, Ga. 
Rey. S. R. Preston, Bristol, Va. 

Hubert Quillian, La Grange, Ga. 

Rey. James O. Reavis, Nashville, Tenn. 
Rev. D. H. Scanlon, Durham, N. C. 

E. L. Secrest, Athens, Ga. 

Dr. D. A. Sloan, Bloomfield, Mo. 

Rev. Thomas W. Smith, Atlanta, Ga. 
Rev. C. H. Stauffacher, Cedar Rapids, Iowa 
Rev. William C. Stearns, Berkeley, Cal. 
Mrs. G. H. Steed, Norfolk, Va. 

Charles Stewart, Chicago, III. 

Rev. M. Luther Stimson, Atlanta, Ga. 
Rev. Thomas T. Taylor, Atlanta, Ga. 
Rev. S. D. Thom, Atlanta, Ga. 

Rev. B. B. Thornton, Atlanta, Ga. 

Mrs. C. M. Thornton, Atlanta, Ga. 
Rey. A. M. Townsend, Nashville, Tenn. 
Rev. George H. Trever, So. Atlanta, Ga. 
Daisy June Trout, St. Louis, Mo. 

Mrs. C. W. Turpin, Nashville, Tenn. 
Rev. R. H. Ward, Atlanta, Ga. 

Rey. Philip M. Watters, Atlanta, Ga. 


281 


282 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


D. F. Weaver, Birmingham, Ala. 

A. J. Weeks, Nashville, Tenn. 

Rev. A. D. Williams, Atlanta, Ga. 

Mrs. Harwell Wilson, Lincoln, Ala. 

Rev. Joseph D. C. Wilson, LaGrange, Ga. 
Herbert E. Worden, Baltimore, Md. 


Executives 


Rev. Charles S. Macfarland, General Secretary 

Rev. Samuel McCrea Cavert, General Secretary 

Rev. Roy B. Guild, Secretary, Commission on Councils of Churches 

Rev. Sidney L. Gulick, Secretary, Commission on International Jus- 
tice and Goodwill 

Rev. Worth M. Tippy, Secretary, Commission on the Church and 
Social Service 

Rev. Charles L. Goodell, Secretary, Commission on Evangelism and 
Life Service 

Dr. George E. Haynes, Secretary, Commission on the Church and 
Race Relations 

Rev. W. W. Alexander, Secretary, Commission on the Church and 
Race Relations 

Harry N. Holmes, Secretary, Commission on Councils of Churches 

Rey. Chauncey W. Goodrich, Secretary, Commission on Religious 
Bodies in Europe 

Rey. Adolf Keller, Secretary in Europe, Central Bureau for Relief of 
the Evangelical Churches of Europe 

Rey. John W. Herring, Associate Secretary, Commission on Interna- 
tional Justice and Goodwill 

B. Y. Landis, Research Assistant, Department of Research and 
Education 

Donald M. Brodie, Assistant Secretary, Commission on International 
Justice and Goodwill 

Caroline W. Chase, Assistant Secretary, Federal Council of the 
Churches 

Elizabeth Baker, Research Assistant, Department of Research and 
Education 

Fanny Aurill Bishop, Secretary to Dr. Gulick, Commission on Inter- 
national Justice and Goodwill 


Members ‘and Alternates”) .2')')..2nbhs ea pein ee. aids 190 
Corresponding”) Members)..act atid, oekaer <n wee 47 
Representatives of Affiliated, Cooperating and Con- 
siultative’ Bodies, . 0.0), eae eek. be 
Friendly Visitors, United Lutheran Church......... 3 
Federation ‘Secretaries 1!) 420 vsn.s bide ae iene Vailas 14 
Chaplains) eS ee ace an Cla eee 8 
Special ‘Guests and sSpeakers) :ticueclst, oleae oi 18 
IM BITES | Se Ol er hese i in ie ea rela ff 107 
Executives of Federal: Councilic) ai nalee ees 1 17 
438 
Eliminating «duplicates is as). iosants bcs ciate Cae os bh 37 
fa 2° t PE So gen Ce Rade GE HD Ce Pe RS 401 


Committee on Credentials 
Cart E. MILuiken, Chairman. 


MINUTES OF MEETING OF THE EXECUTIVE 
COMMITTEE 


Held at the Central Presbyterian Church, Atlanta, Georgia, 
December 9, 1924, 12:30 P.M. 





Rev. George Summey, one of the Vice-Presidents of the 
Council, called the newly elected Executive Committee to- 
gether. 

Bishop James Cannon, Jr., was chosen as temporary Chair- 
man; Rev. Rivington D. Lord, as temporary Recording Sec- 
retary. 

VOTED: That the time and place of the next meeting of 
this Committee be referred to the officers of the Council. 

VOTED: To authorize the President of the Council to 
appoint a Committee of five on nomination of officers of the 
Executive Committee and members-at-large of the Adminis- 
trative Committee. 


The President appointed: 
Rev. WILtIiAM I. Haven 
Dr. Ropert E. SPEeer 
Rev. W. S. CRAMER 
Rev. Peter AINSLIE 
Rev. Ropert A. ASHWORTH 
VOTED: To request that the Committee on Constitution 
and By-Laws be continued until all the details necessary to 
the completion of the incorporation of the Council are carried 
out. 


VOTED: To adjourn. 
Rivincton D. Lorn, 
Recording Secretary pro tem. 


DIGEST OF MINUTES OF THE EXECUTIVE 
COMMITTEE TO THE QUADRENNIAL 
MEETING 


Held in Atlanta, December 3-9, 1924 


The Executive Committee has held its regular annual meet- 
ings, reports of which have been printed in full. Reports have 
been received from the Administrative Committee and from 
the several Commissions and Departments. The questions 
considered have for the most part been those of policy. 

The only change in the constituent bodies is the withdrawal 
from the Council of the Reformed Presbyterian Church, Gen- 
eral Synod and the Christian Reformed Church. The United 
Lutheran Church has associated itself with the Council as a 
consultative body. 

The annual reports of the Executive Committee, all of 
which are submitted to the Quadrennial Meeting, contain not 
only the actions of the Executive Committee at the annual 
meetings, but also a resumé of the actions from month to 
month of the Administrative Committee and of the work of 
the Commissions and Departments. 

The following resumé is given of some of the actions of the 
Executive Committee which are of the most interest to the 
members of the Quadrennial Meeting. For 1924 the resumé 
of the actions of the Administrative Committee is herewith 
submitted. 

The Executive Committee presents no recommendations re- 
garding the future policy because this matter was referred to a 
Special Committee appointed for that purpose. 


SPECIAL ACTIONS OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 
January 21, 1921 


Dr. Speer reported the following recommendations as havy- 
ing been made by the conference of the Federal Council and 
other interdenominational agencies held on December 13, 1920. 

_ “I. That it is the sense of this conference that the churches possess 

in the existing agencies sufficient organizations for the needs of their 


cooperative work at the present time, if these agencies are adequately 
developed and correlated. 


“2. That it is desirable that these agencies be encouraged and en- 
abled to develop their activities so as to provide adequately for their 
expanding tasks and responsibilities and that they should be given 
for this purpose the fullest measure of freedom and confidence. 

“2, That they should, at the same time, maintain and utilize the 


284 


MINUTES OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 285 


relations of consultation or affiliation through the Federal Council 
which have been established. 


“4. That they should appoint also a Committee of Consultation 
made up for the present of three representatives from each of the 
agencies represented in this conference (the Reorganization Com- 
mittee of the Interchurch World Movement to be included during 
its existence) which should meet periodically to consider matters of 
common interest, and, further, that this Committee should meet as 
early as possible at the call of the Chairman of this Conference and 
should study the problems of cooperation among these interdenomi- 
national agencies, and report to a conference to be held before May 1 
and to be composed of seven representatives to be appointed by each 
of the agencies represented in the present conference. 


“S. That with regard to the Interchurch World Movement, whose 
Committee on Reorganization has shared in this conference, it is the 
sense of the conference that the Interchurch World Movement might 
wisely adjust and conclude its activities and that, when it is free to 
do so, it might well transfer the foreign mission survey material to 
the Foreign Missions Conference of North America; the home mis- 
sion survey material to the Home Missions Council; any survey mate- 
rial, lists of names, etc., properly falling to the Council of Women 
for Home Missions and the Federation of Woman’s Boards for 
Foreign Missions to those organizations; the American educational 
survey material to the Council of Church Boards of Education; the 
religious education survey material to the Sunday School Council of 
Evangelical Denominations and the International Sunday School As- 
sociation jointly; and any other survey material to the Federal Coun- 
cil; that the maps, charts, photographs, etc., which are not an essential 
part of the survey material should be transferred to the Missionary 
Education Movement, if continued in appropriate relation to the 
mission boards and to the other interdenominational organizations and 
the Federal Council. 


“6, That the correlation of the forward movements and general 
promotive activities of the denominations might be provided for 
through some new and representative committee of the Federal 
Council. 


“7. That for the present the Sunday School Council and the Inter- 
national Sunday School Association together should be regarded as 
one unit in the conference and in the consultative committee, and that 
the representation from that phase of work should be appointed pro- 
portionately by these organizations.” 


VOTED: To consider the resolutions seriatim. 

Resolutions 1, 2, 3 and 4 were adopted; 5 was laid on the 
table; 6 and 7 were adopted. 

Dr. Grose presented the report of the Nominating Com- 
mittee : 


Chairman of the Executive Committee....BisHop WALTER 
R. LAMBUTH 


First Vice-Chairman....... Rey. FREDERICK W. BuRNHAM 
Second Vice-Chairman...... BisHop GrorceE M. MatTHEws 
Third Vice-Chatrman.........200+ Rev. Rurus W. MILLER 


Recording. Secretary oeeceseseccies Rey. Rivincton D, Lorp 


286 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


VOTED: To recommend to the next Federal Council that 
the Vice-Presidents be made members of the Executive Com- 
mittee and that in the meantime they be invited to sit with 
the Committee. 

VOTED: That the President of the Council appoint a 
committee to cooperate with the sub-committee of the Amer- 
ican Committee on the China Famine Fund, which is to present 
the matter of the China famine to the Congress of the United 
States. 


December 14-16, 1921 


The death of Bishop Walter R. Lambuth, Chairman of the 
Executive Committee, was reported. 


VOTED: That Rev. F. W. Burnham be nominated as 
Chairman, and that the Recording Secretary be instructed to 
cast one ballot for Dr. Burnham, who was unanimously elected. 

Dr. Macfarland presented the following resolution, which 
was unanimously adopted by a rising vote: 


“The Executive Committee of the Federal Council of the Churches 
of Christ in America desires to make record of its deep appreciation 
of the many and varied services of Rev. Albert G. Lawson, especially 
as Chairman of the Administrative Committee during the last quad- 
rennium. 

“Dr. Lawson has been identified with the Federal Council from 
the very beginning, both in official positions and in faithful, unselfish 
service which began with his membership representing the Baptist 
Churches in the Inter-Church Conference on Federation in 1905. He 
assisted in the final organization of the Council in 1908, has been a 
member of every Quadrennial Meeting, and has served constantly 
without interruption on the Executive and Administrative Committees, 
and on several of the Commissions. Since the organization of the 
Council he has attended every meeting of the Executive Committee 
but one. 

“While this service has been constant and unremitting, sometimes 
during his chairmanship of the Administrative Committee an almost 
daily service, he has been of especial help in counsel and advice at 
critical moments and at times of special exigency. 

“At times during the quadrennium of his service as Chairman of 
the Administrative Committee he has acted, when occasion called for 
it, as associate or assistant to the several secretaries, has represented 
the Council at denominational assemblies, and has even at times, in 
the absence of secretaries, rendered service in their place. During the 
whole four years of his service he attended every meeting of the 
Administrative Committee with but two exceptions. 

“Dr. Lawson has to an almost unequaled degree found himself 
able to adjust denominational obligation and loyalty to interdenomi- 
national cooperation in common tasks, without finding it necessary 
to sacrifice either to the other. In his official positions he has coun- 
seled and suggested rather than undertaken to direct, and has always 
been a humble servant in the things wherein he was master. 

“In behalf of the entire Federal Council, the Executive and Admin- 


MINUTES OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 287 


istrative Committees, and more especially the entire staff of secre- 
taries, we desire to bear this witness of appreciation and affection and 
are especially grateful that his service is continued with seemingly 
unabated strength. 

“Inasmuch as Dr. Lawson’s 80th birthday will come during the 
administrative year just before us, the Executive Committee takes 
this occasion to express its gratitude for the splendid record of 
service represented in these four score years, and suggests that on 
June 5, 1922, the Administrative Committee make appropriate recog- 
nition of Dr. Lawson’s service to the Churches, and to humanity in 
general, and especially to the Federal Council of the Churches of 
Christ in America.” 


Dr. Lawson made a suitable response. 

The Chairman of the Business Committee, Mr. Norton M. 
Little, introduced the Secretary, Dr. Anthony, who presented 
the following report from the Business Committee, the several 
recommendations of which were adopted seriatim: 


That the Report of the Administrative Committee be accepted and 
the following actions, called for in the Report, be taken: 

(1) That the Executive Committee approves a slight change in 
the plan whereby the Administrative Committee is constituted, 
which will make ex-Presidents of the Council ex-officio 
members of the Administrative Committee, and hereby au- 
thorizes the same. 

(2) That the Executive Committee approves the nomination of 
Professor John R. Hawkins, of the African Methodist 
Episcopal Church, as second vice-chairman of the Executive 
Committee to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Bishop 
G. M. Mathews and hereby elects him to that office. 


(3) That the Executive Committee authorizes the officers and 
the Commissions of the Council to cooperate in every way 
possible with the American section of the Committee of 
Arrangements of the Universal Conference of the Church 
of Christ on Life and Work. 

(4) That the Executive Committee cordially approves the “Pro- 
posal for Relations between the United Lutheran Church in 
America and the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ 
in America,” as set forth by a committee of that church and 
hereby approves and adopts the following specific stipulations 
and suggestions : 

(a) To drop from the roster of the Federal Council of 
the Churches of Christ in America, as soon as the 
constitutional change can be made, the name ‘General 
Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church,” and to 
use the name “The United Lutheran Church in Amer- 
ica,’ with a statement, or indication, that the rela- 
tionship is consultative. 

(b) The Executive Committee earnestly desires that the 
United Lutheran Church shall appoint friendly visi- 
tors to the meetings of the Federal Council and of 
the Executive Committee. 

(c) The Executive Committee hereby authorizes the Ad- 
ministrative Committee, after consultation with the 
proper officials or committee of the United Lutheran 


288 - FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Church to appoint members at large, from the United 
Lutheran Church to its membership, who may act only 
in their individual capacity. 


(d) The Executive Committee cordially approves the list 
of matters in which cooperation is at present pro- 
posed, and approves the appointment by the United 
Lutheran Church of members on such commissions 
and committees as are named, and others as may from 
time to time appear desirable. 


(e) The Executive Committee hereby authorizes and di- 
rects the officers of the Council to forward to the 
President, and to such other officers of the United 
Lutheran Church of America as should receive them, 
copies of the Minutes of the Council, of the Executive 
Committee, and of the Administrative Committee, and 
such other documents and reports as may be desired. 


(g) And the Executive Committee entertains the hope 
that the relations now proposed and about to be entered 
into may prove mutually satisfactory and mutually 
helpful, and may from time to time be made closer and 
more intimate, and that thereby the Kingdom of the 
Master may be built up and extended. 


Respecting the Report of the Western Office: 


(1) That the name of the office be The Western Office of the 
Federal Council. 


(2) That the standing of the Committee having supervision of the 
office be that of a sub-committee of the Administrative Com- 
mittee. 


(3) That the size of the Committee and the proportional repre- 
sentation of the Committee be determined from time to time 
with a view to securing as full representation from the Western 
area as is feasible together with practical efficiency. 

(4) That one of the functions of the office, in addition to those 
named in the report, be to become acquainted with and to serve 
by direct contacts and relations, especially those denominations 
whose headquarters are in the western area, and those which 
have western offices and western constituencies to which special 
services can be rendered. 


Rev. L. C. Barnes, Chairman of the Joint Committee of the 
Federal Council and the Home Missions Council on Utilizing 
Surveys, gave the following report which was referred to the 
Administrative Committee: 


“The Committee on Social and Religious Surveys independently 
and most benevolently originated for the purpose of saving and 
completing some of the studies begun by the Interchurch World 
Movement requested the appointment of an Advisory Committee by 
the Federal Council and the Home Missions Council. The Committee 
created by these two bodies is called the Joint Committee on Utiliz- 
ing Surveys. 

“It has met at the request of the Executive Secretary of the 
Committee on Social and Religious Surveys with him and with 
specialists employed by the Committee on Social and Religious Sur- 
veys. At these conferences certain lines of procedure were agreed 


MINUTES OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 289 


upon, among them the holding of conferences of those most concerned 
to consider surveys completed and recommend action in view of the 
findings. 

“Six such conferences have been held. Three of these were on 
Indian work, one in New York State, one among the five civilized 
tribes of eastern Oklahoma and one among the tribes of western 
Oklahoma. Other conferences are to be held in various parts of 
the country, concluding probably with a general conference on Indian 
work. Two of these Utilizing Conferences have been to consider 
the findings in two of the twenty-five counties which are being 
studied, Salem County, New Jersey, and Sedgewick County, Kansas. 
Conferences in other counties in various parts of the country are 
expected. One conference has been held to consider the findings in 
a large city, St. Louis, Missouri. We recommend that at least two 
other typical cities be studied. 


“The Chairman of the Committee on Utilizing Surveys has at- 
tended all of these conferences except the one on Indian work in 
New York State. The Secretary of the Committee has attended 
most of them. Other members have attended some of them. In every 
case we believe that those responsible for work in the various fields 
have initiated solid advance in the light of the findings reported to 
them by the Committee on Social and Religious Surveys. This ad- 
vance has had two outstanding aspects, a quickening of the sense of 
denominational responsibility in view of the facts disclosed and a 
deepening of the: spirit of cooperation in meeting the needs. In all 
cases definite plans of advance have been inaugurated. 

“The Joint Committee on Utilizing Surveys desires to record in 
behalf of the Federal Council and the Home Missions Council high 
appreciation of the work so generously prosecuted by the Committee 
on Social and Religious Surveys. The Kingdom of Heaven on 
Earth is being surely advanced thereby and the spirit of cooperation 
made increasingly efficient. 

“L. C. Barnes, 
Chairman. 

“RopNEY Rounpy, 
Secretary.” 


General Secretary Macfarland presented the following re- 
port on Necrology: 


We record with sorrow for their loss and with deep appre- 


ciation of their service the death of the following during the 
year: 


BisHorp WALTER R. LAMBuTH, Chairman of the Executive Committee. 

Rev. Jasper T. Moses, formerly connected with the Publicity Depart- 
ment of the Federal Council. 

BisHor GrorceE M. MatuHews, of the United Brethren in Christ, a 
member of the Council and Vice-Chairman of the Executive 
Committee. 

BisHop U. F. SweENGEL, of the United Evangelical Church, a member 
of the Council. 

BisHop Grorce W. Ciinton, of the African Methodist Episcopal 
Church, a member of the Council. 

Rev. M. T. Morrity, of the Christian Church, a member of the 
Council. 


Rey. A. McLean, of the Disciples of Christ, a member of the Council. 


290 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Rev. Joun H. Branpow, of the Reformed Church in America, a 
member of the Council. 

Rev. Epwarp B. Bacsy, of the Disciples of Christ, an alternate mem- 
ber of the Executive Committee and a member of the General 
Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains. 

Rey. Joun P. Peters, formerly a member of the Commission on the 
Church and Social Service. 

H. H. Spooner, a member of the Commission on Temperance. 


December 13-15, 1922 


Rev. Alfred Williams Anthony, Chairman of the Business 
Committee, presented its report, as follows: 


“The reports to the Annual Meeting of the Executive Committee 
which have been put in the hands of the Business Committee in a 
volume of 165 pages, contain reports of four groups: 


I. The review of the year by the Secretaries of the Council. 


II. The reports of Commissions : 


. On Evangelism and Life Service. 

. On the Church and Social Service. 

. On Temperance. 

. On the Church and Race Relations. 

. On International Justice and Goodwill. 

. On Relations with Religious Bodies in Europe. 

. On Relations with France and Belgium. 

On the Huguenot-Walloon Tercentenary Commission. 
. On Christian Education. 


III. The reports of committees or departments which are named as 
follows: 


. The Department of Publicity. 

The Editorial Council of the Religious Press. 

The Committee on Religious Work on the Canal Zone. 

The Washington Office. 

The General Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains. 

The Western Office. 

. The Administrative Committee, with a comprehensive digest 
of its activities in monthly meetings throughout the year. 


WONAuAwWh- 


NOUR ON 


IV. Statements of Affiliated, Cooperating and Consultative Bodies: 


1. Home Missions Council, 

2. Council of Women for Home Missions. 

3. Council of Church Boards of Education. 

4. American Bible Society. 

5. Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign Missions. 

6. International Sunday School Council of Religious Education. 


“The above list contains twenty-two reports upon which as a whole 
your Committee makes the following comments: 


“First, the extent of the contacts and of the relationships sustained 
by the Federal Council and the variety of good works with which it 
is related and which it itself is promoting are impressive. Compared 
with previous years the volume of work and the outreach of influence 
are greater. 

“Second, these reports as a whole give less sound to the clatter of 
machinery. The nature and the character of the work are more 
apparent. 


MINUTES OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 291 


“Third, it is significant that in all of these reports two subjects are 
constantly to the fore, namely, Evangelism and Cooperation. The 
spirit of evangelism appears to pervade and dominate all of these 
activities. The sweep of cooperation is so varied and wide as to 
include hamlets, counties, cities, states, denominations, practically all 
agencies which seek to manifest the spirit and to do the work of 
Christ, and the nations of the earth. 

“Fourth, the consciousness of a solid and effective Protestantism 
is more apparent than ever before. In detail, upon matters growing 
out of these reports and recommendations contained in them, the 
Committee makes the following recommendations : 


I. The Review of the year in the Report of the General Secretaries 
is a statesmanlike presentation of the achievements and influence of 
the Federal Council which ought to be read carefully by every 
member of the Executive Committee. It is a comprehensive and 
compelling statement. It rings with the prophetic note on the subject 
of Christian Unity. It is an inspiring summary of the work of 
Evangelism, Christian Social Service, Christian race relations, Chris- 
tian internationalism, Relief work, Relations with European churches, 
Community cooperation and other tasks of the Federal Council which 
the churches are doing cooperatingly. It is well nigh futile to point 
out distinctive paragraphs, for all are excellent, but we would call 
attention to the introductory statements as setting forth in masterly 
and inescapable logic the basis and reason for cooperation and unity 
of the Christian churches. 

We recommend for approval the following actions proposed by the 
General Secretaries: 


1. That the Executive Committee, recognizing the central place of 
evangelism in the life of the Church, and the need for greater cooper- 
ation in this field, authorize an additional secretary for the Com- 
mission on Evangelism, beginning January lst or as soon thereafter 
as the right person for the position can be found. 


2. That the Executive Committee record its satisfaction in the 
increasing effectiveness of the Commission on the Church and Social 
Service and in the new work begun by the Commission on the Church 
and Race Relations, and declare its conviction of the great opportunity 
and responsibility resting upon the churches to work together for 
social justice and brotherhood and the fuller application of the law 
of Christ to all human relationships. 


3. That the Executive Committee urge the Commission on Inter- 
national Justice and Goodwill to continue with even greater vigor 
its effective service in mobilizing and expressing the Christian con- 
science on the necessity for the abolition of war through the develop- 
ment of international cooperation and a community life among the 
nations. 


4. That the Executive Committee recommend to all national, re- 
gional and state officials of the denominations that they give their 
fuller cooperation in the development of local councils of churches 
throughout the country; and approve the appointment of an addi- 
tional secretary for the Commission on Councils of Churches as soon 
as funds can be secured. 


5. That the Executive Committee reaffirm the policy of placing 
the financial responsibility for the budget of the Council increasingly 
upon the constituent bodies and urge each constituent denomination 
to make provision for the inclusion of its full share of the Council’s 
budget in the regular budget of the denomination. 


292 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


II. On the Report of the Administrative Committee we recommend : 


That the Executive Committee strongly emphasize the resolution 
of the Administrative Committee that the Commission on Temperance 
convene a conference of temperance agencies to consider how the 
churches can more fully aid in the enforcement of prohibition and to 
secure cooperation in creating temperance sentiment. 

That the Administrative Committee be authorized to consider the 
advisability of sending a deputation to the churches of the Near East 
and, if it is deemed expedient, to send such deputation. 


Respecting the American Protestant Church in the Canal Zone, 
we register the following opinions: 

1. This church, now under the supervision of a Committee of the 
Federal Council composed of persons who represent the interests of 
both Home and Foreign Missions, is well safeguarded both as to 
property and as to ecclesiastical relations. 


2. This Church with its four congregations, at Cristobal, Pedro 
Miguel, Gatun and Balboa, is rendering an important and far-reaching 
service to the civilian residents of the Zone, military and naval repre- 
sentatives of the United States and for travelers. 


3. The supporters of the Church have responded generously to its 
needs, but being for the most part transient residents of the Zone are 
not able to bear all the financial burdens of church erection. 


4. The sum of $70,000 called for for the completion of the building 
at Balboa we regard as needed, and we urge our constituency in this 
country to provide this amount as soon as possible.” 


The report of the Business Committee was approved and 
the recommendations adopted. 

Rev. Albert G. Lawson, Chairman of the Committee on 
Necrology, appointed by the Administrative Committee, gave 
the following report: 


“The great reaper has been very busy the past year and has gath- 
ered an unusually large harvest from our Federal Council. Sixteen 
men and two women have been called into the larger life of the upper 
home. Some of them, justly honored by their brethren, have held 
the highest positions possible in their respective church bodies; some 
have been notable as educators, and others as authors and editors 
have greatly enriched the commonwealth of ideas and ideals in our 
constituent bodies and in the world. 


“As we call this roll of honor, many of us will recognize those 
who have meant much to us in our Federal Council history, not to 
say also in our personal contacts as men and brethren. 


“Rev. Frederick M. Barton, of Ohio, was a member of our Edi- 
torial Council and as author, editor and publisher was known through- 
out the land. 


“Rev. Gerald H. Beard, of Connecticut, was a member of the Con- 
gregational Church and, though he had been with us but two years, 
he left his record of fidelity. 


“Professor Wooster W. Beman, of Michigan, from the Northern 
Baptist Convention, was on our Executive Committee since 1916 and 
was always in attendance. A most faithful man, he was the author 
of many mathematical works and held the chair of Mathematics in 
Michigan University for nearly half a century. 


MINUTES OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 293 


“Miss Belle Bennett, of Kentucky, founded the Scarritt Bible and 
Training School of Kansas City, and was for years the president of 
the Woman’s Board of Home Missions for the M.E. Church, South. 

“Frank L. Brown, of New York, widely known as a Sunday School 
worker, was General Secretary of the World’s Sunday School Asso- 
ciation, traveled in the Orient and in South America and produced 
a number of valuable Sunday School books. He was a member of 
two of our Commissions. 

“George Warren Brown, of Missouri, a member since 1912 and 
representing the Methodist Episcopal Church, had a heart as big as 
his body and was always ready to make good his belief by his works. 

“Rey. Irving S. Chenoweth, of Pennsylvania, represented the Dis- 
ciples of Christ in our Executive Committee. A graduate of Union 
Theological Seminary of New York, and pastor of the First Church 
of the Disciples of Christ in Philadelphia, his death came suddenly 
as a result of blood transfusion for one of the church members. 

“Rev. William J. Darby, of Indiana, a notable Presbyterian min- 
ister, in our Council since 1912, was a Secretary of the Board of 
Ministerial Relief and had much to do with establishing the Woman’s 
Board of Missions. 

“Rev. D. Stuart Dodge, of New York, was President of the Na- 
tional Temperance Society, of which his father had been the first 
President, and of the Presbyterian Board of Home Missions as well 
as of the Board of Trustees of the Syrian Protestant College at 
Beirut, where he was formerly professor and then president. 

“Rev. Samuel Fallows, of Illinois, Bishop of the Reformed Epis- 
copal Church for nearly fifty years, a member of our Council since 
1912 and always regular in his attendance, was widely known as 
author, editor and tireless worker. 

“Rev. John Goucher, of Maryland, with us since 1912, founder of 
the China and Korea Missions, almost as well known in the Mrient 
as in the United States, was as author and educator a man to whom 
belongs the highest honor. 

“Bishop G. Heinmiller, of Ohio, representing the recently reunited 
Evangelical Church, a member of our Council since 1912, was an 
earnest, devoted man of God. The editor of their weekly Church 
Journal for twenty-four years, he was in every position a self- 
sacrificing man. 

“Mrs. J. H. Hoskins, of Missouri, a valued member of our Com- 
mission on Social Service, was faithful in all her associated relations. 

“James W. Kinnear, of Pennsylvania, prominent in the state and 
in the World’s Sunday School Association, was a trustee of Alle- 
gheny College and a member of our Commission on International 
Justice and Goodwill. 

“Rev. Alvah H. Morrill, of New Hampshire, represented the 
American Christian Convention in our Council. 

“Rev. Elias C. Morris, of Arkansas, was one of the foremost 
leaders among his people and President of the National Baptist Con- 
vention for nearly thirty years. He founded the Arkansas Baptist 
College, was both author and editor, and through all his life a most 
energetic worker. 

“Rev. William Austin Smith, of New York, representing the Prot- 
estant Episcopal Commission on Christian Unity and the Department 
of Christian Social Service, was greatly beloved as a rector and for 
six years made a most brilliant record as the editor of ‘The Church- 
man. 


294 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


“Chancellor D. S. Stephens, of Michigan, with us since 1912, repre- 
sented the Methodist Protestant Church; he was both author and 
editor, was President of Adrian College and was chosen to represent 
his church both abroad and at home. 


“Of these, one and all, now promoted to service in the eternal 
kingdom, we may think as the writer to the Hebrews of their ancient 
heroes: ‘These, all these, were they who through faith received 
token of God’s approval; yet these did not actually receive the ful- 
fillment of God’s promise. Why so? Because God, with respect to 
us, looked onward to a higher blessing than was here attained by 
them, so that they might not reach that perfect state ere we could 
join them.’ 


“Here in our Federal Council we have a continuing brotherhood, 
and we will live longer and richer lives because of those who have 
gone before. Ere long we will join them! 

“ALBERT G. Lawson, 


“ALFRED WILLIAMS ANTHONY, 
“Committee.” 


VOTED: That the Executive Committee record its warm 
appreciation of the procedure of the Commission on Interna- 
tional Justice and Goodwill in seeking to fulfill its task through 
service in mercy and relief. We especially commend the mis- 
sion of the Commission’s representative, Rev. John Sheridan 
Zelie, to the churches of Russia and recommend that the Com- 
mission continue this service to our brothers and sisters of 
that stricken nation so long as it may be needed. 

On the situation in the Canal Zone, 


VOTED: That the Executive Committee of the Federal 
Council of the Churches of Christ in America are most appre- 
ciative of the efforts made by the officials of the United States 
Government stationed on the Canal Zone to guard the moral 
as well as the physical welfare of those who dwell on the Zone. 
This effort, however, is neutralized by the conditions which 
exist across the border in the two cities of Panama, viz., Colon 
and Panama City. The saloon, the brothel, the lottery, the 
cabaret in its worst form, all flourish, making this region one 
of the worst plague spots in the world. The military and 
naval officers seek to restrain the actions of those under their 
control, but their efforts are not sufficient to overcome these 
conditions. In view of the fact that a portion of the fleet with 
eleven thousand men is to be on the Canal Zone during Febru- 
ary, we respectfully urge that the Government do not only 
what has been done in the past, but that it use its good influ- 
ence to secure the cooperation of the Government of Panama 
in removing from this whole region these degrading conditions 
that make this a center of moral and physical menace. This 
is more necessary for the protection of the civilian than of the 
military population. As the Zone will become more and more 


MINUTES OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 295 


a Mecca for winter tourists, the menace will be still greater. 
The presence of the transient population will intensify the 
desire of the panderers of vice and drink to draw these visitors 
across the border. 

In view of the seriousness of this situation, we memorialize 
the Government to consider most carefully this whole situation 
anew, to take such steps as can be taken to change existing 
conditions, pledging our hearty cooperation in such plans as 
will furnish the protection that is needed. We recommend that 
the Washington Committee be instructed to present this matter 
to the Government and to cooperate in all ways possible. We 
also recommend that the Washington Committee cooperate 
with the pastors and officers of the church on the Canal Zone, 
giving this church such advice and moral support as is neces- 
sary in grappling with this whole problem locally. 


VOTED: That the Executive Committee express its ap- 
proval of the action of the November 17th Conference on the 
Interests of European Protestantism, recommending that the 
constituent bodies provide for the support of the Central 
Bureau instituted by the Swiss Protestant Federation. The 
Commission on Relations with Religious Bodies in Europe is 
authorized to make its appeal for this support in the name of 
the Executive Committee of the Council. 

The General Secretary read excerpts from letters and tele- 
grams received from the following individuals, organizations 
and church bodies. 

The following cablegram from Archbishop Alexander, in 
behalf of the Patriarch of Constantinople was presented: 


“December 15th, 1922. 
“Rev. Charles S. Macfarland, 
“Indianapolis, Indiana. . 

“Lausanne conference favorably considers monstrous demand of 
Turks to expel the Gcumenical Patriarchate and associated institu- 
tions from Constantinople, the seat of orthodoxy for centuries. In 
the name of Christian solidarity in the interest of our common faith 
cable protest Christian powers Lausanne, also American Government, 
Washington. Use all means in your power to avoid such calamity, 
which exposes Christians of the East to total ruin and hopelessly 
damages prestige influence of the venerable Apostolic C&cumenical 
throne our Patriarch begs you not to fail him in this grave moment. 


“ARCHBISHOP ALEXANDER.” 
VOTED: To receive the cablegram and refer it to the 
Business Committee. 
On recommendation of the Business Committee, 


VOTED: That a Committee consisting of Dr. Robert E. 
Speer, Rt. Rev. Charles H. Brent and Rev. Charles S. Mac- 


296 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


farland be appointed to draft a reply to the cablegram from 
Archbishop Alexander on behalf of the Patriarch. 
On recommendation of the Committee, 


VOTED: That the following cablegram be sent to Hon. 
Richard Washburn Child, Rev. James L. Barton, Rev. George 
R. Montgomery, at Lausanne, and to Patriarch Meletios, and 
that a copy be telegraphed to Hon. Charles E. Hughes at 
Washington. | 

“Indianapolis, Ind., Dec. 15, 1922. 
“Federal Council of Churches of Christ in America, assembled in 
annual session, deems it the concern of Christendom to insist that the 
ancient institution of the Patriarchate in Constantinople threatened 
with expulsion by the Turks be protected by the nations assembled 
at Lausanne from so grave an indignity and abhorrent wrong. 
“RoserT E. Speer, President, 
“BisHop CHARLES H. BreEnrT, 
“CHARLES S. MACFARLAND, General Secretary.” 


December 12-14, 1923 


The following message from President Coolidge was re- 
ceived and read, the Executive Committee standing. 


“The White House 

“Washington, 

“November 5, 1923. 

“My dear Dr. Macfarland: 

“It has been a very real satisfaction to receive the invitation which 
you have tendered, on behalf of the Federal Council of the Churches 
of Christ in America, to attend the annual meeting of the Council, at 
Columbus, in December. Profoundly impressed by the high ends and 
thoroughly practical achievements of the Council, I should be glad of 
an opportunity to express to the gathering my hope for its continuing 
usefulness, and my appreciation of what it has done in the past. To 
my regret, an absence from Washington, at the time of this gathering, 
is impossible. I am constrained, therefore, to express the hope that 
you will be good enough to communicate my good wishes to the 
members of the Council, my appreciation for the kind expressions 
you have communicated, and my high hopes for the fullest measure 
of useful service on the part of this splendid organization. 

“Most sincerely yours, 
(Signed) “Carvin Coo.rnce. 


“Rey. Charles S. Macfarland, 
“General Secretary, 


“Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America, 
“New York City.” 


Rev. Frank Mason North, former President of the Federal 
Council, was unavoidably prevented from attending the session 


and addressing the committee, but sent a written statement on 
the subject: “The Significance of the Federal Council in the 


MINUTES OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 297 


Light of its History of Fifteen Years: 1908-1923,” which was 
read. 

On recommendation of the Business Committee, through 
Hon. Carl E. Milliken, Chairman, 


VOTED: That in view of the vital place of the religious 
press in the life of the church and the importance of a wider 
dissemination of religious information and in response to a 
request from the Editorial Council of the Religious Press that 
the Federal Council undertake during the coming year to make 
a survey of the present status of the religious press, its points 
of strength, weakness, and needs, together with constructive 
suggestions for advance, we recommend that such a survey be 
provided for by the Administrative Committee if, after further 
conference with editors and publishers of the religious press, 
it is clear that such a survey is generally desired and would 
receive the cordial cooperation of the editors. 


VOTED: (1) That the Executive Committee notes with 
deep interest the agreement which has been made as to the 
date on which the birthday anniversary of our Lord is to be 
celebrated. By this agreement Christmas Day hereafter will 
be the same the world over and will thus be an outward evi- 
dence of that inward unity of which Christians everywhere are 
becoming increasingly conscious. 


(2) That the Executive Committee expresses sincere in- 
terest in the efforts of “The League of Nations” to secure a 
universal agreement upon a fixed day for Easter Day. 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee be requested 
to name a Committee to invite a conference of the denomi- 
national societies, boards or committees concerned with de- 
nominational and church history. 


VOTED: That approval be given to the action of the Com- 
mission on Relations with Religious Bodies in Europe and 
of the Administrative Committee relative to the appointment of 
Rev. Adolf Keller, as Secretary in Europe. 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee provide for 
the appointment of a permanent committee for the purpose of 
developing such relationships with the Eastern Churches as 
may be mutually helpful. 


VOTED: That the following statement of the Committee 
on Financial and Fiduciary Matters be referred to the Ad- 
ministrative Committee, with the recommendation that the 
Committee in charge of this matter be continued: 

“The Committee on Financial and Fiduciary Matters con- 
sists of Lewis B. Franklin, Treasurer of the National Council 


298 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


of the Protestant Episcopal Church, Robert L. Kelly, Secre- 
tary of the Council of Church Boards of Education, Fennell 
P. Turner, Secretary of the Foreign Missions Conference, 
Charles L. White, General Secretary of the American Baptist 
Home Mission Society, and Alfred Wms. Anthony, Chairman. 


“The fields of usefulness for such a committee are numerous. 
The following now appear, and others doubtless will disclose them- 
selves as experience broadens. The committee may render im- 
portant services, 


1. By formulating canons of wise public giving; 


2. By encouraging the intelligent understanding of the broad 
field of charitable purposes and the portions and classes of the 
human race needing assistance, with a view to aiding in the selec- 
tion of wise charitable purposes and suitable means of benefaction ; 


3. By furnishing information regarding agencies for the promo- 
tion of charitable purposes generally, or in particular fields of 
charity, including corporate names and similar details; 


4. By sharing information with boards and missionary societies, 
when desired, respecting accounting, auditing, and the custody and 
safeguarding of trust funds; 


5. By encouraging a sound policy in the selection, constitution 
and operation of committees and other agencies for distribution of 
funds to be shared by a group of charities, cooperating within cer- 
tain fields with various organized Trusts; 


6. By encouraging the making of better wills with a view to the 
prevention of unnecessary litigation, cooperating with Bar Asso- 
ciations of certain states and of the nation, and with similar bodies, 
in similar efforts; 


7. By furnishing the cooperating agencies a codification of the 
laws of various states covering wills, legacies, inheritances, taxes, 
and similar matters and by aiding, under certain conditions, in 
securing better legislation pertaining to these subjects; 


8. By serving, as a clearing house, for sharing information 
respecting the fruitful experiences of boards and societies in mak- 
ing annuity contracts, in handling annuity funds and other trust 
obligations ; 


9. By serving at some time, if conditions justify, as a center or 
channel of common publicity for Protestantism, concerning bene- 
volence and finance, less probably through the public press than 
by securing the publication of suitable literature upon a wide 
variety of themes falling within the general field of these subjects 
enumerated. 


“It is interesting and significant to discover that a large number 
of laymen, lawyers, bankers and trust officers are concerned in the 
humanitarian and missionary aspects of benevolence and would 
welcome the opportunity to cooperate with a central, unified 
agency of the churches in efforts to prevent entanglements and 
obscurities and to avoid litigation. 


“The committee recommends that it be empowered to put into 
operation such portions of a program in any of the above fields of 
usefulness as may be approved from time to time by the Adminis- 
trative Committee.” 


MINUTES OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 299 


VOTED: That Rev. F. W. Burnham, Chairman of the 
Executive Committee and Rev. John M. Moore, Chairman of 
the Administrative Committee, be appointed as official visitors 
from the Federal Council to the churches of such European 
countries as they may visit during the coming year. 


VOTED: That, on the recommendation of the Commission 
on the Church and Social Service, the Executive Committee 
authorizes the Administrative Committee to carry out the ar- 
rangements for establishing a Department of Research and 
Education for the Federal Council as a whole, provided a 
committee representing the Commission on the Church and 
Social Service reaches an agreement, mutually satisfactory 
with the other Commissions of the Council as to the details of 
such a plan. 


VOTED: That the Executive Committee of the Federal 
Council of the Churches of Christ in America, in annual meet- 
ing assembled, hereby refhrms the action of the officers of the 
Federal Council in expressing to President Coolidge on benalf 
of the churches appreciation of his advocacy in his Message to 
the Senate on December 6, 1923, of American membership in 
the Permanent Court of International Justice. We warmly 
endorse the declarations of the late President Harding and of 
President Coolidge that this matter is not a partisan issue. It 
should not, we believe, be made one. We respectfully convey 
to the President and to the Senate of the United States the 
earnest desire of the constituency of this Council that the Sen- 
ate take speedy and favorable action on the recommendation 
of the President. 

Dr. Macfarland introduced the following distinguished 
guests from the Eastern Churches, who brought messages of 
greeting and goodwill: 

ARCHBISHOP ALEXANDER, of the Greek Orthodox Church. 
ARCHBISHOP PANTELEIMON, of the Church of Palestine. 
BisHop Parken, of the Armenian Church. 


A message from Metropolitan Platon of the Russian Ortho- 
dox Church was read by Dr. Emhardt. 


VOTED: That the Executive Committee adopt the follow- 
ing resolution: 


WHEREAS, the reports of the General Secretaries and of the 
several departments of the Federal Council, together with the sum- 
mary of important actions and procedures by the Administrative 
Committee, even to those familiar with the expanding cooperating 
work of the churches carried out by the Council, will prove to be a 
revelation, in both its character and scope. Whereas the past year 
has been clearly progressive beyond all previous years, with propor- 
tionate emphasis on the evangelistic spirit and the processes of Chris- 


300 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


tian education which give the fundamental basis of a cooperative 
work that is now rapidly fulfilling the original purpose of the Coun- 
cil, “To promote the application of the law of Christ in every relation 
of human life.” Whereas the work and influence of the Council has 
extended in all directions, to the constituent bodies, to the local 
churches in their community life, to the life of the nation and to the 
world at large in the new relationship developing between our 
churches and those of other lands and in the growth of international 
brotherhood. Whereas we remark especially, to an extent to which it 
has never before appeared, the constant and predominating note of 
service which permeates the reports and which appears constantly in 
the deliberations and actions of the Administrative Committee, 


RESOLVED, That the Executive Committee extends on behalf 
of the constituent bodies which it represents, hearty gratitude for 
the year’s service of the Administrative Committee and the Coun- 
cil’s devoted executive staff, a body of secretaries who have clearly 
cultivated, in their own cooperative service, the very spirit which the 
Federal Council seeks to develop in the churches of its constituency. 
VOTED: That the Executive Committee approve the sug- 

gestion of Rev. William Horace Day that the various denom- 
inational secretaries for evangelism be invited to serve as a 
committee of direction, under the chairmanship of Dr. Goodell, 
for the Commission on Evangelism, and that the denomina- 
tional secretaries be asked to give such service to the co- 
operative work of the churches as their denominational duties 
may permit. 


VOTED: That the proposal of the Commission on the 
Church and Social Service to give attention to the half million 
delinquents in the three thousand jails and penal institutions 
of the country, with a view to reclamation of prisoners, meets 
our hearty approval. 


VOTED: That the task of focussing attention at the pres- 
ent time on legislation against child labor, in cooperation with 
other great religious and social welfare organizations, calls for 
the support of the entire church. 


VOTED: That the community and industrial conferences 
developed by the Commission on the Church and Social Ser- 
vice be commended as an effective method of promoting the 
principles of Christian cooperation and of assisting the local 
churches to work more effectively in their relations to the 
organized life of their communities. 


VOTED: That special efforts be continued, on an increased 
scale if possible, to promote inter-racial cooperation and good- 
will through the churches, special attention being given to 
securing effective publicity for the better side of Negro life 
and the successful efforts being made for better race relations. 


VOTED: That the effort to secure the cooperation of the 


MINUTES OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 301 


American churches in helping our struggling sister churches 
in Europe be heartily approved. 


VOTED: That the method of church cooperation in local 
communities developed successfully by the Commission on 
Councils of Churches be pressed in cities that do not yet have 
organized cooperation and that special attention be given to 
plans for securing effective cooperation under volunteer leader- 
ship in all communities where it is not practicable to employ 
executive secretaries. 


VOTED: That the officers of the Executive Committee be 
authorized to telegraph to the American Red Cross, urging the 
Red Cross to give the most generous consideration to the 
problem of helping save the Greek and Armenian refugees 
in Greece until they can be permanently settled on the land 
under the supervision of the international commission already 
appointed. 

Dr. Anthony presented the record of the following action 
of the Council taken in 1920 as recorded in “The Churches 
Allied for Common Tasks,” page 144: 


“We strongly endorse the pleas of the Negro for equal traveling 
accommodations for equal charges. 

“Adequate educational facilities for Negro children and youth 
should be provided not only as a national obligation, but also as a 
necessity for national welfare. We emphasize the urgency of giving 
to the Negro his full share of local and national funds. 

“Qualifications for franchise should be administered irrespective of 
race, creed or color.” 


VOTED: That the sentiment therein expressed be re- 
affirmed. 


Rivincton D. Lorp, 
Recording Secretary. 


DIGEST OF MINUTES OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE 
COMMITTEE—1924 


January 18, 1924 

Rev. Adolf Keller, European representative of the Commis- 
sion on Relations with Religious Bodies in Europe, was intro- 
duced to the meeting and expressed the gratitude of the Euro- 
pean people that the American churches are forwarding the 
relief work which at the present time the political agencies 
cannot do. 

Dr. Macfarland read a letter from the Consistory of St. 
Peter’s Church of which the following is a translation: 


“Zurich, November 13, 1923. 
“Consistory of St. Peter’s, 
“Zurich. 
“To the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America— 
“Mr. Secretary, and Gentlemen: 

“Tt was truly no easy matter for us to accede to your wish and 
release our honored Pastor, Dr. Keller. 

“In consideration of the great task which unites us all, and of the 
fact that we feel with you that Dr. Keller is destined to carry on this 
great work, we have unanimously decided to take over on January 
1, 1924, the mission with which you have honored him. 

“We rejoice thus to be enabled to do this great cause a service, but 
we value especially the thought that through our dear Pastor Keller, 
we shall remain in touch with you and with all American Protes- 
tantism. 

“Very sincerely yours, 
“In the name of the Consistory of St. Peter’s, 


(Signed) “Dr. JAK. Escuer-Burerkti, President. 
“Hans Beer, Secretary.” 


Rev. Ernest Lyman Mills, European representative of the 
Methodist Board of Sunday Schools, and through their gener- 
osity recently released to undertake the Federal Council’s work 
for German emergency relief, was introduced to the Committee 
and addressed the Committee on the work thus far done for 
German relief. 


VOTED: To receive Dr. Mills and his report. 
On recommendation of the Secretarial Council, 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee accepts with 
pleasure the invitation extended by the Atlanta Christian 
Council, together with the supplementary invitations from the 
Secretary of the Chamber of Commerce, the Women’s Mis- 
sionary Council of the M. E. Church, South, Rev. M. Ashby 
Jones of the Ponce de Leon Avenue Baptist Church, and Rev. 

302 


MINUTES OF ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE 303 


W. W. Alexander, Secretary of the Commission on Interracial 
Cooperation, and will hold the Quadrennial meeting of the 
Council in Atlanta, Ga., on the first Wednesday in December, 
1924, as ordered by the By-Laws of the Constitution. 


VOTED: That the Chairman be authorized to appoint a 
small committee to consist of denominational secretaries con- 
cerned with the denominational and church history to take up 
the matter of a conference on the subject. 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee approve in 
principle the plan prepared by the Commission on International 
Justice and Goodwill for the enlargement of its activities, on 
the understanding that it meets the conditions stated by the 
Board of Finance that all increase in the work of a department 
of the Federal Council should be covered by “specially desig- 
nated funds secured without injury to the regular income” of 
the Council. 


VOTED: That the Chairman appoint a committee of three 
to make an informal survey of the various relief movements 
that are appealing to the Christian people of America and the 
Christian public and see whether or not suggestions could be 
made as to some way more effective of visualizing to the 
American people the situation throughout the world calling for 
their generosity. 

The Chairman appointed Dr. Knubel, Dr. Goodrich and 
Dr. Montgomery. 


February 8, 1924 


Dr. Montgomery presented, on behalf of the committee to 
nominate the members of the Committee on Relations with 
Eastern Orthodox Churches, the following to constitute the 
Committee: 

Rev. Peter Ainslie, Rev. James L. Barton, Professor Charles H. 
Boynton, Rt. Rev. Charles H. Brent, Rev. William I. Chamberlain, 
Rev. Samuel H. Chester, E. T. Colton, Bishop James Cannon, Jr., 
Rev. William C. Emhardt, Dr. John H. Finley, Robert H. Gardiner, 
Rev. William I. Haven, President Henry Churchill King, Rev. F. H. 
Knubel, Dr. P. H. J. Lerrigo, Rev. Frederick Lynch, Miss Sarah S. 
Lyon, Mrs. Helen B. Montgomery, Rev. George R. Montgomery, Dr. 
John R. Mott, Rev. Frank Mason North, Mrs. Henry W. Peabody, 
Rev. J. Ross Stevenson, Rev. Stanley White, Charles V. Vickrey and 
Rev. John Sheridan Zelie. 


VOTED: That the Committee shall be so constituted, with 
power to add to its number, and that the General Secretary 
shall convene the Committee. 

Dr. Stouwdt reported progress for the Huguenot Walloon 


304 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Tercentenary Commission and presented the newly minted 
fifty-cent piece commemorating the Tercentenary. 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee extend its 
heartiest congratulations and best wishes to Mr. and Mrs. 
Kimball on the recent celebration of the fiftieth anniversary 
of their wedding day. 


VOTED: To approve the topics for the Lenten Week of 
Prayer as prepared by the Commission on Evangelism and 
Life Service. 


VOTED: That the President of the Federal Council be 
requested, in consultation with and with the approval of the 
denominational officers, to select a committee from among the 
constituent bodies to consider and present to the Quadrennial 
Council recommendations with regard to matters of general 
policy in the cooperative work of the churches. 


RESOLVED: That the Administrative Committee, com- 
plying with the request of the Executive Committee to “take 
every possible step on behalf of the churches in support of our 
Government in all efforts to establish complete control of the 
production of opium and other narcotics, effective regulation 
of the manufacture of derivatives and suppression of the man- 
ufacture and use of heroin,’ hereby endorses the principles 
and purpose embodied in the Weinfeld bill for the control of 
distribution and use of habit-forming drugs. 


BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED: That the Chairman ap- 
point a committee of three with power to take such steps as 
may be practicable to convey to the churches and pastors of the 
State of New York the necessary information regarding the 
proposed measure. 

The Chairman appointed: Prof. J. P. Chamberlain, Rev. 
Charles K. Gilbert and Rev. Sidney L. Gulick. 

In response to the invitation of the International Sunday 
School Council of Religious Education, 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee recognizes 
the importance of the most fraternal relationships existing 
between the International Sunday School Council of Religious 
Education and the Federal Council in the field of Christian 
education and expresses approval of the suggestion of the 
General Secretary of the International Sunday School Council 
that a representative of the Federal Council be nominated to 
membership on the International Executive Committee of the 
International Sunday School Council. 

Mr. Cavert was nominated as such representative in case 
the International Sunday School Council takes official action. 


MINUTES OF ADMINISTRATIVE COM MITTEE 305 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee spread on 
the Minutes of this meeting the resolutions prepared on the 
death of Rev. James I. Good and Colonel E. H. Haskell and 
convey them to the families of our brethren. 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee endorses the 
proposal of holding conferences on Sex Education this spring 
in several of the more important cities by the American Social 
Hygiene Association, with the cooperation of the Federal 
Council of the Churches, with the following understanding: 

First: That the initiative and executive responsibility in connection 
with the conferences rest with the American Social Hygiene Asso- 


ciation, which shall keep closely in touch with the Federal Council’s 
Committee in working out the plan; 


Second: That the cooperation of the Federal Council shall consist 
chiefly in: 

a. Securing the most effective contacts with the local church in the 
community where the conferences are to be held; 


b. Giving counsel and assistance in working out the general char- 
acter of the program. 


VOTED: That the Chairman appoint a special committee, 
which shall consist if possible wholly of laymen, to consider 
the drama and motion pictures of today with reference to the 
interests of the evangelical churches, and report back to the 
Administrative Committee. 


March 14, 1924 


Mr. Cavert reported progress for the German Emergency 
Relief Committee and said that the underwriting for the ad- 
ministrative expenses of the committee had been definitely 
assured and a Women’s Church Committee organized. 

Dr. Macfarland stated that Dr. Keller had taken back to 
Europe $16,000 for the Central Bureau, and that it is hoped 
that the Treasurer will have available $60,000, additional, to 
send shortly. Practically all of this sum is for France, and 
insures possession for the French Protestant Federation of the 
Headquarters Building in Paris without mortgage or encum- 
brance. 

Rev. C. Y. Cheng, one of the secretaries of the China Chris- 
tian Council and a pastor widely known throughout China, was 
presented to the Committee. 

Mr. Cheng brought the greetings of the Chinese Church, 
which, though still in its childhood, he was happy to think is 
also a part of the Church Universal and a younger sister of 
the Christian churches in America. He stated that cooperation 
is the watchword of the churches in China today and expressed 


306 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


the hope of close fellowship with the Federal Council in 
America. 

Rev. R. N. Cross and Rev. S. H. Leger, both missionaries 
to China from the American Board, were introduced to the 
Committee. 

Reporting for the special Committee on the proposed Nar- 
cotic Drug Control Law (Prof. Chamberlain, Dr. Gilbert, 
S. L. Gulick), Dr. Gulick presented copies of the folder which 
had been prepared and sent to all pastors in the State of New 
York with a covering letter. A follow-up letter has also been 
sent to the same list. 

Dr. Gulick reported on the hearings of the Senate Committee 
on Immigration, March 11-13, to which he had been called. 
The anti-Japanese delegation from California occupied the 
first day, representatives from the churches (Gulick, Schneder, 
Bowles, Turner, Taylor) the second, and ex-Senator Phelan 
the third. Senator Phelan charged Dr. Gulick with being an 
agent of Japan. 

VOTED: That the Chairman of the Administrative Com- 
mittee and the General Secretaries prepare and, after con- 
ference with Hon. George W. Wickersham, send to Senator 
Colt, Chairman of the Senate Immigration Committee, an ex- 
plicit denial of Mr. Phelan’s accusation. 

It being reported that the Chairman of the Administrative 
Committee, Dr. Lynch and Bishop Cannon were to attend the 
British Conference on Christian Politics, Economics and Citi- 
zenship at Birmingham, 

VOTED: That Dr. Moore, Dr. Lynch and Bishop Cannon 
be appointed to represent the Federal Council as friendly 
visitors at the Conference. 

On recommendation of the Secretarial Council, 

VOTED: That in response to the invitation from the Na- 
tional Board of the Y. W. C. A. the Federal Council send a 
fraternal representative to the Biennial Convention of the 
National Board, to be held in New York, April 30-May 6, 
Mr. Cavert being appointed fraternal representative. 

Dr. Montgomery reported that Bishop Brent had been 
elected Chairman of the newly organized Committee on Rela- 
tions with Eastern Churches. Dr. Emhardt and Dr. Burnham 
have been authorized to act as friendly visitors to the Eastern 
Churches during their stay in the Near East, and it is hoped 
that arrangements may be made to send Dr. Zelie to Russia 
to make a careful study of the situation there. 

Mr. Cavert offered the following statement on behalf of 
the committee appointed to make an informal survey of the 


MINUTES OF ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE 307 


various relief movements that are appealing to the Christian 
people of America and the Christian public and see whether 
or not suggestions could be made as to some more effective 
way of visualizing to the American people the situation 
throughout the world calling for their generosity : 


The Committee’s judgment is that there is no special reason at the 
present moment for giving wide circulation through the churches to 
a statement of needs throughout the world, especially in view of the 
fact that the Federal Council is now strongly supporting Near East 
Relief and is pressing vigorously the appeal for German relief, and 
recommends that the proposal be referred to the Committee on 
Mercy and Relief for such action as may be deemed wise at a future 
date. 


VOTED: That the committee to consider the survey be now dis- 
charged and the matter referred to the Committee on Mercy and 
Relief, with the request that the Committee carefully consider the 
advisability of being fully prepared to act without delay in initiating 
appeals in the name of the Churches when the next emergencies occur. 

The present status of the negotiations with the American Red Cross, 
relative to extending relief to the Greek refugees, was reported and 
after discussion, 


VOTED: To refer the matter to the Committee on Mercy and 
Relief, authorizing it to continue conference with the Red Cross. 
Mrs. Ferguson, Chairman of the Committee appointed to consider 
the present trend of the drama and the motion picture today, stated 
that a meeting of the committee had been held, certain plays visited, 
and that the committee offered the following recommendations: 
That a committee of influential people, representing at least the 
major denominations, be appointed to take up the matter of mis- 
leading characterizations of the ministry and work of the Christian 
churches, and bring it to the attention of the proper authorities in 
the motion picture and drama world. 


VOTED: That the report be accepted and the recommendation 
- adopted, and ‘that the Chairman of the Administrative Committee 
appoint the committee suggested. 

Dr. Anthony, Chairman of the Committee on Financial and Fidu- 
ciary Matters, reported that the Committee has carefully considered 
interests affecting the missionary and educational boards and societies 
of different denominations as involved in the organization and can- 
duct of community trusts and in the services of the Uniform Trust 
for Public Uses, and recommends that the Administrative Committee 
approve the following resolution, sometimes called “the Standard 
Resolution.” 


1. As a general rule, philanthropic purposes can best be promoted 
by direct and absolute donations and bequests to suitable institutions 
engaged in the desired work. 


2. Ifa public benefactor does not wish to make an absolute dona- 
tion or bequest, but desires to create a trust, he should do so prefer- 
ably under one of the following plans: 


(1) When a person has clearly in mind a definite object for 
which he desires to create a trust and that object is cared for 
wisely and well by a suitable corporation of permanence and 
character, having power to accept trusts for its own purposes 
and suitable equipment for the management of trust funds, he 


308 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


may wisely make his donations and bequests directly to such 
corporation as trustee for such purpose. 


(2) When a person contemplates the creation of a trust for some 
charitable object and is uncertain as to the precise methods of 
carrying his purpose into effect or contemplates benefiting a class 
of persons, an organization or a group of organizations, the per- 
petuity of management of which may be open to question—in 
these and similar cases of doubt—he may wisely make his dona- 
tions and bequests to a suitable Trust Company or Bank, having 
trust powers, which is prepared to receive trusts under an agree- 
ment known as the Uniform Trust for Public Uses, and thus 
avail himself of suitable provisions therein made for future ad- 
justments and adaptations safeguarding his original intentions 
and tending to reduce causes of litigation to a minimum. 

VOTED: That the Administrative Committee approves the 
resolution as presented, and that it authorizes the Committee 
to report to missionary and educational boards and to state 
and local federations and councils of churches the Standard 
Resolution and other documentary statements, with explana- 
tions of their meaning, for the purpose of promoting under- 
standing and cooperation in wise public giving. 

VOTED: That the Administrative Committee authorizes 
the Committee to give information to banks and trust com- 
panies and to lawyers and other organizations and persons in 
a position to advise in the making of wills and the distribution 
of property, so that legal titles and specific objects may be 


known, and obscurity, confusion, and unnecessary litigation 
may be avoided. 


April 11, 1924 


Dr. Macfarland introduced to the Committee Rev. Charles E. 
Vermilya, newly appointed Secretary of the Home Missions 
Council. 

Dr. Macfarland reported that during the serious illness of 
Dr. Watson, Secretary at the Washington Office, Mr. Hunger- 
ford, the Federal Council’s Publicity Adviser, is completing 
the statistics and the yearbook and is also seeing to its publica- 
tion. Dr. Macfarland himself is carrying along the work in 
connection with the chaplains’ legislation. 


VOTED: That the members of the Administrative Com- 
mittee authorize the General Secretary to extend their deep 
sympathy to Dr. Watson in his illness. 

Dr. Macfarland reported for the Huguenot Walloon New 
Netherland Tercentenary that its plans are progressing ad- 
mirably. Up to the present time the sale of the Huguenot 
half-dollars has met all expenses of the Commission. The 
month of May is to be given over to the observance of the 


MINUTES OF ADMINISTRATIVE COM MITTEE 309 


Tercentenary, celebrations being held in Florida, South Caro- 
lina, and culminating in New York at Albany. A sufficient 
enrollment ensures the Protestant Pilgrimage to Europe this 
summer. 

Dr. Macfarland urged the importance of continuing Bishop 
Brent on the Opium Commission of the League of Nations, 
stating that President Coolidge was willing to do all possible 
to induce the Diocese of Buffalo to permit Bishop Brent to 
continue on the Commission. 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee authorize 
the officers to request the Diocese of Buffalo on behalf of the 
Committee to permit Bishop Brent to continue on the Opium 
Commission. 

Mr. Johnson presented the question as to whether or not the 
Federal Council through the Research Department should 
carry on an independent inquiry into the integrity of the pub- 
lic service, in the light of the disclosures now being made in 
Washington. 


VOTED: That the President of the Council and Dr. Law- 
son be appointed to advise with the Research Department as 
to whether or not such an investigation should be undertaken 
by the Department, to report back to the Administrative Com- 
mittee. 

Mr. Cavert reported for the Committee on Mercy and Re- 
lief that the American Red Cross had voted $100,000 for 
relief of the Greek refugees. 

VOTED: That the Administrative Committee of the Fed- 
eral Council of the Churches of Christ in America desires to 
express to Near East Relief its grateful appreciation for the 
special cooperation of Near East Relief with the Federal 
Council’s emergency appeal for the relief of the children in 
Germany through the release of Rev. Clyde F. Armitage from 
his duties with Near East Relief for a period of several weeks. 
His service during this period as associate director of the 
Federal Council’s campaign has been invaluable. 

VOTED: That the Administrative Committee of the Fed- 
eral Council of the Churches of Christ in America convey to 
the First Congregational Church of Terre Haute, Indiana, its 
gratitude for the release of its pastor, Rev. John W. Herring, 
for two months to assist in carrying forward the Federal 
Council’s emergency appeal for the relief of the suffering in 
Germany. Mr. Herring’s intimate knowledge of the situation 
in Germany and his effective and convincing presentation of 
the appeal from the public platform have made to the Federal 
Council a contribution of the most important character. 


310 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Mr. Cavert presented the report of the Federal Council to 
the constituent bodies. 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee authorize 
the sending of the report to the constituent bodies. 

Mr. Cavert presented the following resolution on the death 
of John J. Eagan, which was adopted by a rising vote of the 
Administrative Committee : 


In the death of John J. Eagan, of Atlanta, on March 30, 1924, the 
Churches in America have lost one who incarnated, in a unique way, 
the meaning of the Christian Gospel for both personal and social life. 
He was a man of the highest spiritual character, a devoted member of 
the Southern Presbyterian Church, and a Christian social leader who 
gave his best thought and energy to applying the Christian principles 
and the Christian spirit directly to the social and industrial problems 
of the present day. 

Mr. Eagan’s pioneering experiment in the reorganization of the 
great industry of which he was president, the American Cast Iron 
Pipe Company, was one of the outstanding illustrations in America of 
the practicability of the Christian way of life in industry. A generous 
profit-sharing plan was inaugurated, which provided that after a full 
living wage had been paid to the workers and a six percent dividend 
paid to the stockholders, the remaining profits should be divided 
equally between management and employes. His faith that this new 
venture toward a more Christian distribution of profits would elicit a 
greater spirit of cooperation from the workers and justify itself from 
an economic standpoint was fully confirmed. In the control of the 
industry far-reaching changes were also made, for Mr. Eagan was’ 
persuaded that the workers should have a real share in: the direction 
of policies at every point. “Henceforth I call you not servants but 
friends” became the ideal of this Christ-like employer. Provision 
was made for the election of two representatives of labor, to be 
chosen freely by the workers themselves, to serve as directors of the 
corporation, with every power that was vested in the representatives 
of capital. He also had begun, just after he was overtaken by the 
tragic illness that caused his death, to plan for the direct representation 
of the public—the community as a whole—which in the last analysis 
gave the corporation its life and which capital and ‘labor were alike 
bound to serve. By action of the Board the American Water Works 
Association, which more than any body could be said to represent the 
consumers of the product of the American Cast Iron Pipe Company, 
was invited to nominate a member upon the Board of Directors, and 
the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America, which Mr. 
Eagan felt could best approach industrial problems from the distinctive 
standpoint of the Christian ideal for industrial life, was invited to 
suggest a second representative. 

Over against all lack of faith as to the practical workableness of 
the Christian ideal of brotherhood and service in industry stands the 
strong figure of John J. Eagan, actually showing in the great indus- 
trial organization of which he was the head that Jesus Christ was in a 
profound sense the world’s great Economist. 

In the field of racial relations as well as in the field of industrial 
relations Mr. Eagan’s life and work were no less epochal. His name 
will be indissolubly associated with the movement for inter-racial co- 
operation. Feeling deeply the injustice which the Negro race is suf- 
fering and inspired by the desire for fellowship with all his fellows, 


MINUTES OF ADMINISTRATIVE COM MITTEE 311 


he was ready not simply to work for the Negro but to work with him 
as his neighbor and brother man. In his own city of Atlanta he took 
the lead in developing a plan of cooperation between the white and the 
Negro churches that furnished the foundation of the inter-racial move- 
ment. With the help of other Southern leaders, colored and white, 
the Commission on Inter-racial Cooperation was formed and carried 
forward its unique program of cooperation in securing for the Negro 
better educational facilities, better protection of life and property, 
fairer opportunities for self-development in every line. The move- 
ment was organized as an independent one, though with generous 
assistance at the start from the funds of the National War Work 
Council of the Y.M.C.A., but Mr. Eagan was so convinced that it 
must have its roots deep in the life of the Churches that as soon as 
it had justified itself as a practicable program he proposed to the 
Federal Council of the Churches that it undertake to develop a def- 
inite plan of cooperation between the white and the Negro churches, 
both of which were already members of the Council, in furthering the 
inter-racial ideal and program. In both the Commission on Inter- 
racial Cooperation and the Federal Council’s Commission on Race 
Relations the mind of everyone turned to John J. Eagan as the leader. 

Against all the current cynicism as to the possibility of bridging the 
yawning chasms between the races stands the life and work of John 
J. Eagan, testifying that there is a Christian way in race relations and 
that, when truly tried, it actually will work. 

No interest lay nearer to Mr. Eagan’s heart than unity among all 
who follow Jesus Christ as their Divine Lord. He was an ardent 
advocate of the union of the churches of the Presbyterian order. The 
movement for federation among all the evangelical forces commended 
his most enthusiastic support. As the leader in the organization of the 
Atlanta Christian Council, and for several years its president, he made 
a contribution to the development of local church cooperation equalled 
by few men. As chairman of the Federal Council’s Commission on 
the Church and Race Relations his influence in the national movement 
for fuller cooperation among the churches was direct and deep. The 
religious forces of Atlanta, the Southern Presbyterian denomination 
and the whole Christian body of America stand in the lasting debt of 
this great man of God. 


VOTED: That the General Secretary be instructed to send 
a message of sympathy on behalf of the Committee to Judge 
Clinch on the death of his wife. 


May 9, 1924 


Dr. Gulick reported on the World Court hearing at Wash- 
ington and the recent activities with reference to the Japanese 
immigration bill. 

In the absence of Dr. Macfarland at the General Conference 
of the Methodist Episcopal Church, Mr. Cavert reported on 
the proposed legislation in the interest of chaplains, stating 
that the Capper-Hull Bill, if passed, will increase the number 
of chaplains from 125 to 150, place them on the same basis in 
the matter of payment and promotion as the medical and den- 
tal corps, and help the cause of the chaplains to a very great 
degree. 


312 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


In the absence of Dr. Stoudt and Dr. Macfarland, Mr. 
Cavert reported on the Huguenot Walloon New Netherland 
Tercentenary, stating that M. Lauga had been delegated by 
the French Churches and M. Hoyois had been delegated by 
the Belgian Churches to represent them at the Huguenot cele- 
brations in America. During this month a significant cele- 
bration has been held in Florida at Mayport, where the first. 
Huguenot colony was established and later massacred by the 
Spaniards; also at Charlotte, S. C., where Admiral de Coligny 
undertook to establish a settlement of Huguenots. | 


Dr. Guild reported in writing that the Minnesota Council 
of Churches was organized on Tuesday, May 6. Rev. H. H. 
Bell has been made secretary of the San Francisco Federation. 
The campaign in Omaha gives evidence of being a complete 
success. The Richmond, Va., Council of Churches has secured 
sufficient funds to employ Mr. E. G. Caster as Secretary, a 
man peculiarly qualified for the position. 


The Gommittee appointed by the Administrative Committee 
at its last meeting to consider the advisability of urging law 
observance by public officials reported that after canvassing 
outstanding denominational representatives, it would offer a 
resolution on the matter which, after amendment, was adopted 
as follows: 


“In view of the special obligation for the observance of law which 
rests upon those who have been given positions of high honor and 
responsibility in the Government of our country; and 

“In view of the moral shame and humiliating disgrace involving 
our entire nation because of the disregard of the prohibition law and 


the connivance in its violation by a relatively small number of public 
officials ; 


“Be it resolved, That the Administrative Committee of the Federal 
Council of the Churches of Christ in America urge upon all officials, 
legislators and all representatives of the Government, including officers 
of the Army and Navy, the imperative necessity of a conscientious 
personal observance of the law regarding alcoholic beverages. In the 
judgment of this Committee, it is the conviction of the Protestant 
Churches that only those should enact, interpret or execute the laws 
of state or Nation who, from considerations of consistency and for 
the advancement of the common. good, recognize the majesty of the 
law by their own habitual obedience to it.” 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee request the 
Committee on Policy for the next Quadrennium to take into 
consideration and report to the Quadrennial Meeting its sug- 
gestions as to the make-up of the Commissions of the Council 
and their Executive Committees or Committees of Direction, 
especially as to the addition of members representing other 
organizations interested in the causes with which the Commis- 


MINUTES OF ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE 313 


sions are concentrating, though not organically related to the 
Council or the Churches which are members of the Council. 
On recommendation of the Secretarial Council, 


VOTED: That a special committee be appointed to study 
the use of radio by the churches, and if deemed advisable to 
call a conference of denominational officials to consider the 
development of cooperation in the use of radio and any other 
matters concerning radio that may properly come before it. 

Dr. Montgomery, Secretary of the Committee on Relations 
with the Eastern Churches, read the following invitation from 
Metropolitan Evdokin to the Federal Council to send repre- 
sentatives to the Russian Church Congress: 

“To the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America. 

“Beloved Brethren in Christ: 


“Moved by the deepest desire to have peace and unity in our Church 
and strengthen the foundations of the Christian faith within the pres- 
ent social and political order of our country, the Holy Synod of the 
Orthodox Church of Russia resolved to call for May eighteenth in the 
year of our Lord 1924, in the city of Moscow, a Pre-Councilar Con- 
ference. To this Convocation are invited representatives of all the 
Eastern Orthodox Churches, and we should greatly rejoice if the 
Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America would see its 
way clear at this great historical moment to send a fraternal delega- 
tion for the purpose of friendly counsel and observation of affairs in 
our Church. 


“Trusting that it will be possible for you to accept our invitation, 
we remain with brotherly greetings, 
“METROPOLITAN EvpoKIN, 


Chairman of the Holy Synod of the Orthodox 
Church of Russia. 


(Signed) METROPOLITAN EvpoxkIN. 


“A. S. Novixorr, Secretary of the Holy Synod 
of the Orthodox Church of Russia. 


(Signed) A. NoviKorr. 
“Moscow, Troitzkoye Podvorye 
“March 25, 1924.” 


The. Committee on Relations with the Eastern Churches 
recommended that the following reply be sent to the Metro- 
politan Evdokin: 

“We beg to acknowledge your communication of March 25 regard- 
ing the proposed meeting of June 10th, and to reply that the Fed- 
eral Council does not see its way clear to accept your invitation.” 
VOTED: That the Chairman of the Administrative Com- 

mittee be authorized to reply to the Metropolitan Evdokin, 
conveying the substance of the decision recommended by the 
Committee on Relations with the Eastern Churches. 


VOTED: That the Chairman of the Administrative Com- 
mittee be authorized to appoint a committee to prepare by- 


314 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


laws of incorporation, of which Dr. Anthony shall be the 
Chairman. 

The Chairman appointed: Rev. Alfred Williams Anthony, 
Rev. Rivington D. Lord, Rev. Rufus W. Miller, Alfred R. 
Kimball, Rev. Samuel McCrea Cavert. 


VOTED: That the Chairman of the Adminstrative Com- 
mittee appoint Rev. William Adams Brown to take the place 
of Mr. Glenn on the Nexus Committee. 


VOTED: That in view of the exceptional difficulties which 
confront the Protestant Churches of Europe as after effects 
of the Great War, which make an appeal to the sympathy of 
American Christians that must be regarded if the forces of 
European Protestantism are not to suffer a decline; 

And in view of the purpose already expressed by some of 
our church bodies of designating Reformation Sunday as a day 
when special consideration shall be given the situation of our 
brethren across the ocean; 

The Administrative Committee recommends that Reforma- 
tion Sunday of 1924 be, so far as practicable, observed in our 
churches as an occasion for considering our indebtedness to 
the great Reformation movement and also the practical means 
by which we may aid our sister churches of Europe, born of 
the Reformation, in their present distress. 

In response to the invitation conveyed by Dr. Inman, Secre- 
tary of the Committee on Cooperation in Latin America, that 
the Federal Council appoint two delegates to the Congress on 
Christian Work in South America, to meet in Montevideo, 
March 29-April 8, 1925, 


VOTED: That the invitation be referred to the Chairman 
of the Administrative Committee, in consultation with others, 
to bring recommendations before the next meeting of the 
Administrative Committee. 

Dr. Anthony, Chairman of the Committee on Financial and 
Fiduciary Matters, stated that the question of a taxation of 
gifts was being considered in relation to the Federal income 
tax. 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee deems the 
taxation of gifts for benevolent purposes as unwise and hurt- 
ful to missionary, educational, philanthropic and similar ob- 
jects, and urges that legislation embodying such taxation be 
not enacted. 

The following memorial on the death of Rev. Charles L. 
Thompson, prepared by Dr. Anthony, was read and adopted 
by a rising vote. Dr. Speer expressed in prayer the thanks- 


MINUTES OF ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE 315 


giving of the Committee for the life and service of Dr. 
Thompson. 
“Memorial to Charles L. Thompson 


“Dr. Charles Lemuel Thompson, who died April 14, 1924, in the 
eighty-fifth year of his age, closed a career of efficient and eminent 
service, brilliant as preacher, administrator and home mission expert. 
and leaves behind in the minds of all who knew him memories of 
affection and influence, lasting and inspiring. 


“Serving in the ministry of the Presbyterian Church of the United 
States of America, he had occupied many important pulpits, the last 
of which was that of the Madison Avenue Presbyterian Church of 
New York City, which he left in 1897 to become the General Secre- 
tary of the Board of Home Missions of the Presbyterian Church in 
the U. S. A., an office which he held until 1914, and, thereafter until 
his death, sustained as Secretary Emeritus. 


“It was Dr. Thompson’s distinction as a home mission administrator 
to conceive and carry into effect many of the policies which have 
since come to be regarded as the commonplaces of home mission ad- 
ministration. To him, the problems of home missions were not mainly 
those of territorial expansion; he saw the necessity of receiving and 
assimilating the impressive stream of immigrants to the country, of 
Christianizing and guiding the industrial enterprises of the nation and 
of bringing the message of the Gospel in intelligible and effective 
forms to the many groups and classes of people and to the followers 
of strange cults and strange religions in all parts of the country, in 
the cities and in the hamlets, in places where the lumbermen went in 
partial isolation, where the miners were, and among the mountaineers. 
He was one of the earlier statesmen of American Missions to see 
the task as a whole and to fit the agencies of the church for special- 
ized and particular types of missionary endeavor. 


“At the same time, Dr. Thompson entertained a broader conception 
of the onward movement of the Kingdom of Christ than to think of 
it as being embodied solely in one denomination. He was singularly 
interdenominationally minded and sought fellowship with others who 
were working at similar tasks to his own. He, with others like the 
late Hubert C. Herring, conceived the idea of correlating and coor- 
dinating the home missionary activities of the different denomina- 
tional boards in the Home Missions Council, which was organized 

_in 1908. Dr. Charles L. Thompson became its first President and 
‘remained in that position until the time of his death. 


“He was always large-hearted, cordial, sympathetic, touching every 
task, no matter how serious or how grave and important, with a 
gentle element of mirth and pleasantry which helped to illuminate 
many an otherwise dark and perplexing problem, and relieved the 
strain of nerve and weariness when he and his associates had strug- 
gled along in the midst of conflicting interests. His gentle spirit 
seemed to triumph over difficulties and obstacles. 

“To Dr. Thompson was given in no small degree the poet’s faculty 
of discerning beauty and of interpreting creative forces, both in na- 
ture and amongst men. His authorship included not simply historical 
accounts of his denomination and volumes upon the progress of the 
Kingdom of Christ in American life, but also the poetic products of 
an active imagination and interpretive genius. He was a member of 
the Author’s Club and of other similar organizations which have 
been delighted to give him honor and share in his fellowship. One 
of his biographers has termed him ‘A Poet in Bonds,’ meaning thereby 


316 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


that the poetic vision which he so largely possessed was somewhat 
bound down and checked in its fuller expression by the duties of his 
administrative office. 

“In comradeship and fellowship none surpassed him. 

“We speak these few words as a tribute of affection and gratitude 
for his life and his achievement.” 


June 13, 1924 


Reports were presented on the meetings of the denomina- 
tional assemblies occurring in May and June, including the 
General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, the 
General Conference of the African Methodist Episcopal 
Church, the General Conference of the African Methodist 
Episcopal Zion Church, the General Council of the Reformed 
Episcopal Church, the General Conference of the Methodist 
Protestant Church, the General Assembly of the Presbyterian 
Church in the U. S. A., the General’ Assembly of the Presby- 
terian Church in the U. S. (South), the Northern Baptist 
Convention, the General Assembly of the United Presbyterian 
Church, and the General Synod of the Reformed Church in 
America. 

On recommendation of the Commission on Relations with 
France and Belgium that the Commission be dissolved and a 
sub-committee appointed to continue its interests under the 
Commission on Relations with Religious Bodies in Europe, 


VOTED: That the recommendation be referred to the 
Committee on Policy to report to the next Quadrennial meet- 
ing of the Council and that in the meantime the two bodies be 
authorized to act cooperatively. 

The following resolution adopted by the Annual Meeting of 
the Association of Executive Secretaries of Local Councils 
of Churches was read: 


“Whereas, it has been brought to our attention that in certain cases, 
cooperative agreements have been entered into between the Admin- 
istrative Committee of the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ 
in America and the executives of other national bodies, these agree- 
ments involving an implied recognition that has given the impression 
to local representatives of national bodies that the local councils of 
churches had by such cooperative agreements, been bound: 


And whereas, these agreements have in certain instances proved an 
obstacle in the way of negotiations undertaken to secure better coop- 
eration with organizations operating in the field of the local Councils 
of Churches; 


Therefore be it resolved, that the facts underlying this situation 
be conveyed by a committee of one or more representatives of the 
Association of Executive Secretaries to the Administrative Committee 
of the Federal Council of Churches as a basis for the suggestion that 
steps be taken looking toward closer cogneratiag between the Federal 
Council and the local Councils. 


MINUTES OF ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE 317 


VOTED: « That’ Rev. Orio”J.) Price, Secretary of the 
Rochester Council of Churches, be appointed to act as such 
committee. 


VOTED: That the recommendation from the Annual 
Meeting of the Association of Executive Secretaries be re- 
ferred to the Committee on Policy to report at the Quadrennial 
Meeting in December, and that in the meantime the Associa- 
tion of Secretaries be invited to name one of its members to 
sit with the Administrative Committee at its monthly meetings, 
without prejudice to whatever action may be recommended by 
the Committee on Policy at the Quadrennial. 

Dr. Gulick, who had just returned from an important meet- 
ing of the Committee of Direction of the Commission on Inter- 
national Justice and Goodwill, held to consider what action 
should be taken in the present Japanese situation, introduced 
to the Committee, at the request of the Chairman, three mis- 
sionaries from Japan, Rev. William Axling and Rev. C. B. 
Tenny, of the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society, 
and Rev. D. B. Schneder, of the Board of Foreign Missions 
of the Reformed Church in the U. S. 


VOTED: That the Chairman appoint a committee of three 
to draft, jointly with the sub-committee appointed by the Com- 
mission on International Justice and Goodwill, a message to 
the Christian churches of Japan, after consultation with repre- 
sentatives of those denominations having work in Japan; the 
message as drafted by the joint committee to be sent to the 
members of the Administrative Committee by mail for their 
approval. The Chairman appointed: Rev. F. M. North, Dr. 
Robert E. Speer, Rev. William I. Haven. 


VOTED: That the same Committee be requested to con- 
sider what further action may be taken to carry out the orig- 
inal proposals of the Administrative Committee on the Jap- 
anese situation and to report back to the Administrative 
Committee. 

Mr. Cavert reported that a gentleman from Virginia had 
generously offered to contribute $2,000 toward an endowment 
of $20,000, conditioned upon the Council’s securing the other 
$18,000, to be used for the issuance and the circulation of 
tracts on Christian cooperation. 

It was reported that Professor Cleland B. McAfee of. Mc- 
Cormick Theological Seminary and Rev. Charles W. Gilkey, 
of the Hyde Park Baptist Church, Chicago, Ill., are about to 
go to the Far East, Professor McAfee to speak primarily to 
the Christians in those countries and Dr. Gilkey to speak to 
the non-Christians. 


318 | FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


VOTED: That the Commission on International Justice 
and Goodwill be requested to give to Professor McAfee a mes- 
sage to the churches and to the Christians in the various places 
he is to visit. 

It was reported that the Committee authorized at the last 
meeting of the Administrative Committee to inquire into the 
possibilities of the further cooperative use of radio by the 
churches and, if deemed advisable, to call a conference on 
the subject, had been appointed as follows: 

Rev. Rufus W. Miller, R. J. Wade, W. B. Millar, A. E. 
Hungerford and Rev. S. M. Cavert, with power to add to 
their number. 


September 19, 1924 


Dr. Macfarland reported conference with Dr. Keller and 
members of the Executive Committee of the Central Bureau 
in Europe and the exercises in connection with the Huguenot- 
Walloon Pilgrimage. | 

Mr. Cavert read the personnel of the Committee on Policy 
as appointed by the President of the Council after conference 
with the denominational officials, and the tentative agenda for 
the meeting of the Committee on October 1, as follows: 


COMMITTEE ON POLICY 
Denominational Representatives 


President Clarence A. Barbour Rev. David G. Downey (Alternate) 
Bishop S. C. Breyfogel Rev. E. S. Hagen . 


Rev. L. K. Williams 

Rey. Frederick H. Knubel 
Rt. Rev. Charles H. Brent 
Rev. Walter L. Lingle 
Bishop A. R. Clippinger 
Bishop George C. Clement 
Rev. Thomas H. Lewis 
Rev. C. E. Burton 

Rev. George W. Richards 
Rev. A. E. Cory 

Rev. W. I. Chamberlain 
Bishop Luther B. Wilson 


Rev. Frank Mason North 


Rev. John Baltzer 

Rev. W. Y. Bell 

Mrs. John Ferguson 
John R. Cary 

Rev. W. W. Pinson 
Rev. John Proude 

Rev. J. Ross Stevenson 
Rev. J. A. Detter 
Bishop Robert W. Peach 
Prof. John R. Hawkins 
F. R. Beach 

Esle F. Randolph 


Ex Officio 


Dean Shailer Mathews 


Dr. Robert E. Speer 


Members at Large—Laymen and Women 


W. C. Coleman 

Carl E. Milliken 
Thomas S. Southgate 
John H. Finley 

Mrs. J. H. McCoy 


Mrs. May Leonard Woodruff 


Robert Garrett 

Morris E. Preisch . 
Governor W. E. Sweet 

Mrs. Helen Barrett Montgomery 
Watson S. Moore 

Mrs. F. S. Bennett 


John M. Glenn 


MINUTES OF ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE 319 


A request for the appointment of a Commission on the 
Church and Country Life was presented. 


VOTED: That, after conference by officials of the Federal 
Council with officials of the Home Missions Council, the re- 
quest for the appointment of a Commission on the Church 
and Country Life be referred to the Committee on Policy to 
prepare recommendations for the Quadrennial Meeting. 


VOTED: That the President of the Council appoint a 
committee of five who shall prepare to make recommendations, 
if so requested by the Executive Committee, on nominations 
of officers for the next Quadrennium. 

Dr. Gulick presented for the Commission on International 
Justice and Goodwill a proposed resolution regarding the Con- 
ference in Geneva of the League of Nations Commission on 
Opium. 

VOTED: To adopt the resolution, as follows: 


Whereas, President Coolidge has appointed three American dele- 
gates, of whom Bishop Brent is one, to the approaching General 
Opium Conferences to be held at Geneva in November; and 

Whereas, The Policy advocated by the American Government for 
the complete suppression of the illegitimate use of narcotic drugs 
requires the total extirpation of the plants from which these drugs 
are manufactured, except insofar as their products may be needed 
for medical and scientific use according to the judgment of the best 
medical opinion of the world; and 

Whereas, It has become convincingly evident that only by the 
united action of all the nations can the end in view be achieved; 

Resolved, That the Administrative Committee of the Federal Coun- 
cil of the Churches of Christ in America, voicing what it believes to 
be the unanimous judgment of its constituent bodies, hereby expresses 
its urgent hope that the forthcoming General Opium Conferences may 
adopt such strong and effective measures for the regulation of the 
production of and traffic in narcotic drugs that this grave menace to 
the welfare of all the nations may be speedily overcome and per- 
manently ended. 


VOTED: That the Chairman appoint a special committee 
to consider the general question of the editing of Federal 
Council publicity, to present recommendations to the Com- 
mittee on Policy. 

The Chairman appointed: Rev. William I. Haven, Rev. 
William Adams Brown, Arthur E. Hungerford, and Rev. 
Samuel McCrea Cavert. 

Dr. Gulick presented a draft of a proposed declaration and 
resolution on American Japanese Relations. 


VOTED: That the Commission on International Justice 


and Goodwill submit the proposed declaration and resolution 
by mail to all the members of the Administrative Committee 


320 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


~- 


for their advice and suggestions, and that the matter be con- 
sidered further at the next meeting of the Administrative 
Committee. 

Mr. Cavert stated that the material for the Universal Week 
of Prayer, prepared by Dr. Speer at the request of the British 
Evangelical Alliance, is now in the hands of Dr. Goodell. 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee authorizes 
the Commission on Evangelism to issue the Universal Week 
of Prayer Topics in the name of the Federal Council. 

A request from the Francis Asbury Memorial Association 
was presented, asking that the Federal Council be represented 
on the program of the Association on Tuesday evening, Octo- 
ber 14, in Washington. 


VOTED: That the President of the Council appoint a 
representative of the Federal Council to be present at the 
Memorial meeting. 


It was stated that the suggestion had been received that the 
Federal Council call a conference of representatives of the 
denominational pension boards to consider how certain inter- 
ests of all may best be served. 


VOTED: That the Chairman appoint a special committee 
of three to confer with officers of the denominational pension 
boards on the matter of a possible conference. 

The question of applications of several religious bodies for 
membership in the Council was considered. 


VOTED: That the officers of the Council, together with 
the Secretaries, be requested to consider and report back the 
kind of procedure most desirable for applications for mem- 
bership in the Council. | 


Resolutions on the death of Robert H. Gardiner, a member 
of the Administrative Committee, prepared by Dr. Anthony, 
were read, the Committee standing. 


VOTED: That the resolutions be adopted and included in 
the Minutes of the meeting, as follows: 


Robert Hallowell Gardiner was born to the purple, of distinguished 
New England families; but the aristocracy of breeding was over- 
shadowed by great urbanity of manner and broad catholicity of spirit. 
A man of wealth, allied, as director and responsible manager, with 
large enterprises relating to banks, railroads, real estate and the 
practice of law, Mr. Gardiner conscientiously commanded an abun- 
dance of leisure time for service to the Church and to humanity. To 
every session of the General Convention of the Protestant Episcopal 
Church since 1904 he was a lay delegate from the Diocese of Maine. 
He served his Church on many committees and boards and from 
1904 to 1910 he was president of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew. 
But his readiness to serve and his breadth of vision raised him above 


MINUTES OF ADMINISTRATIVE COM MITTEE 321 


the confines of his own Church into a comprehension and inclusive- 
ness of the elements of brotherhood and the principles of Christian 
unity, which are far beyond any tangible realization as yet. He de- 
voted his thought, his prayers, his life to the World Conference on 
Faith and Order, of which he was the founder and the secretary 
from the beginning, seeking to help Christians of every faith and 
order, Protestant and Catholic alike, to discover how much they have 
in common and how best to bring their essential unity to expression. 
Bestead with objections, with slowness of comprehension, with fail- 
ures to cooperate, he nevertheless was not discouraged, nor embit- 
tered, nor defeated. He persevered; he cooperated with others; he 
waited; he tried again. His own means, his efforts, his courtly graces 
were poured forth lavishly. He still in spirit is far before us, on a 
high pinnacle, beckoning to us and to all men to come into a larger 
fellowship of comprehension, communion and cooperation. 


Within the span from September 9, 1855, to June 15, 1924, he lived 
his life of gentlemanliness, of kindliness, of fellowship, of service, 
and of saintliness. 


October 10, 1924 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee of the Fed- 
eral Council heartily endorse and encourage the observance 
of international Golden Rule Sunday on December 7th in 
Christian homes throughout the country, and express the 
hope that such an observance may minister both to the gen- 
erous support to the great enterprise of relief in the Near East, 
and to the deepening spirit of goodwill and sympathy in our 
own land. 


Dr. Macfarland read the following resolutions suggested by 
the recent Committee meeting of the General Committee on 
Army and Navy Chaplains on the subject of cooperation of 
the churches and pastors with the United States Veterans 
Bureau in securing employment for rehabilitated veterans: 


“Resolved, first, That the General Committee on Army and Navy 
Chaplains is pleased to offer to the United States Veterans’ Bureau 
our best efforts in securing heartiest cooperation with the Veterans’ 
Bureau of the churches and pastors represented in the organization 
of the Committee in securing suitable employment for rehabilitated 
veterans ; 


“Resolved, second, That a special committee of five or seven mem- 
bers be appointed to act in the matter of employment for rehabilitated 
veterans ; 


“Resolved, third, That Dr. Frank U. Quillin, Chief of the Employ- 
ment Service, United States Veterans’ Bureau, who is a member of 
the Methodist Episcopal Church, be elected to membership on the 
General Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains, and, in the event 
of his acceptance, be appointed as one of the members of the special 
committee.” 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee authorizes 
the General Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains to take 


322 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


up the matters presented in the above resolutions and to for- 
ward them insofar as its resources will permit. 

Dr. Anthony, Chairman of the Committee, appointed to pre- 
pare a draft of the by-laws under the new Act of Incorpora- 
tion passed last April by the Legislature of the State of New 
York, presented a preliminary draft for discussion. 

After discussion by the Administrative Committee, 


VOTED: That the Committee on By-Laws be asked, in the 
light of the discussion, to revise the proposed by-laws for the 
newly incorporated Council in such a way as to preserve the 
Constitution adopted in 1908, and to submit the new draft in 
writing to the members of the Administrative Committee, to 
be considered at its next meeting, the final statement to be 
submitted to the Council in Atlanta for action. 


VOTED: That Dr. North, and Dr. Speer be added to the 
Committee on By-laws. 

Bishop Cannon, who returned this afternoon from Europe, 
presented a resolution relative to the protocol adopted at 
Geneva, which was adopted as follows: 


VOTED: That the Commission on International Justice 
and Goodwill be instructed to consider the advisability of 
making an appeal to world-wide Christendom to give prompt 
and earnest support to the protocol adopted at Geneva for the 
prevention of future wars. 


November 14, 1924 


Dr. Anthony, Chairman of the Special Committee appointed 
to draft By-laws to the Constitution of the Federal Council, 
presented the By-laws as prepared by the Committee. 

After considering them, article by article, 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee recommends 
to the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America 
that when it meets in Atlanta in December in accordance with 
the provisions of the act of incorporation passed by the Legis- 
lature of the State of New York, on April 12, 1924, it adopt the 
hitherto existing Constitution and the following By-laws. (See 
report of special Committee on By-laws.) 

Mr. Cavert reported for the special committee appointed 
by the Administrative Committee to consider the various 
phases of the publicity of the Federal Council. 

On recommendation from the committee, 


VOTED: That an Advisory Committee of five members 
on publications and publicity of the Federal Council be ap- 
pointed, whose purpose shall be to consult with the editors of 


MINUTES OF ADMINISTRATIVE COM MITTEE 323 


the Federal Council’s publications from time to time, to review 
the materials issued and to consider whether they are being, 
so far as possible, kept true to the positions officially adopted 
by: the Council. 

Relative to the proposal of the American Peace Award that 
the Federal Council nominate a representative to be sent by the 
American Peace Award with other representatives appointed 
by other organizations, to study the League of Nations at 
Geneva, 


VOTED: That the Administrative Committee expresses its 
sympathy with the purpose of this study of the League of 
Nations, but expresses the judgment that it is not within the 
proper functions of the Committee to appoint a representative. 

Mr. Cavert reported that several essays had come in response 
to the offer of a Southern layman to give a prize of $100 for 
the best essay on Methods of Christian Cooperation. 


VOTED: That the Chairman be authorized to appoint a 
committee of three to read the essays on Methods of Christian 
Cooperation. 

Dr. Anthony reported for the Committee on Friendly Rela- 
tions Between Jews and Christians that the budget was prac- 
tically assured for three years, and that Rev. John W. Herring 
had been elected Secretary and had already begun service. 

Dr. Gulick reported for the Commission on International 
Justice and Goodwill that Mr. Donald Brodie, for several years 
private secretary to Charles R. Crane, had been elected asso- 
ciate secretary for the Commission and would begin work 
with the Commission shortly. 

Rivincton D. Lorp, 
Recording Secretary. 


REPORT OF THE BOARD OF FINANCE 


As promised the Executive Committee at its meeting in De- 
cember, 1923, the budget for 1924 has conformed to the policy 
then outlined by the President and has provided for contin- 
uance rather than expansion of the service asked for by the 
constituent churches. The total expense of the regular work 
for 1924 will be not more than about $270,000 plus extra work 
for which special designated funds were provided. With our 
especial effort to present the work of the Federal Council to 
its generous friends and the various causes to those especially 
interested in them, we hope to close the year without deficit, 
although there is still a considerable amount to be found. 


The budget for 1925 is based upon the action of the last 
quadrennial meeting when an annual expediture of $300,000 
was authorized. As in recent years, there is here no provision 
for expansion, the items providing only for continuance of 
existing service. A backward glance, however, perceives an 
annual growth of expense which must be taken into considera- 
tion in wise foresight for the future. 


The administrative and treasury transactions, averaged for 


the four quadrennial periods, 1909-1924 inclusive, have been 
approximated as follows: 


Printing and 
4years Average General Office Publication Dept. Commissions 
ending Expense Secretaries Clerks Clerks Secretaries Clerks 
1912 $22,000 ye § se 3 a 
1916 68,000 2 6 13 5 2 
1920 200,000 4 15 Ze 10% 24 
1924 255,000 6 11y% 19 9 17 


From that standpoint, the $3C0,000 authorized in 1920 will evi- 
dently be required for the minimum of existing service for the 
next four years. 


It would not be prudent to omit consideration of a number 
of other developments of the future. Not only will new agen- 
cies be demanded by new fields of usefulness, but the passing 
years call for consideration of their effect and of what can 
wisely be done in the way of provision therefor. 


As a partial provision for the effect on personnel of passing 
years, it seems wise to some extent to enlist younger men who, 
as understudies, may be trained by adequate experience in the 
work of the Council. Provision in the budgets should be made 
for this. 


A systematic provision for retiring allowances when and as 
called for by disability or length of service is recommended; 
324 


REPORT OF THE BOARD OF FINANCE fF 


the fund, in accordance with the policy of the Council, to be 
sought independently from the funds for the work of the Coun- 
cil; the system to be based on cooperation between the Council 
and the beneficiaries; group insurance to be employed if ad- 
vantageous. 

For the budget purposes of the quadrennial period it is rec- 
ommended that the following estimated expenditure for the 
regular budget be considered : 


BOE FORSTER ee MOE NEN Sta $300,000 
AOE HaAS: Fi" y es SUN A oi ii atin Bt. 315,000 
PEL UR OS Re AEN 330,000 
| Jars ch 5.8 ey A a a Sh a 345,000 


Attention is called to the natural classification of the work 
of the Council as in part a general service contemplated by 
denominational agreement, and in part special efforts called 
for rather by circumstances of the day; also to the support of 
the Council’s finances which comes in part from the denomina- 
tions, in part from persons especially interested in particular 
causes and in part from the body of loyal friends of the Coun- 
cil, men and women of the churches. 

For the continuity of the support of the Council, the Board 
of Finance relies upon the regular activities of the General 
Office and for the large gifts upon the personal efforts of the 
Secretaries. Thereby the constituent churches and their mem- 
bership are informed of the extent and value of all the work 
of the Council. This admirable service is gratefully acknowl- 
edged. 

Denominational Apportionments 


At the present time less than one-third of the budget is pro- 
vided by the Denominational apportionments and church con- 
tributions. It is expected that the final accounting for 1924 
will total about the same as the previous year. It should be 
made clear that only a moderate part of the support of the 
Federal Council is contributed through the Treasuries of the 
denominations. 

The growth in receipts from denominations and churches 
for all departments since the year of the last Quadrennial 
Meeting has been as follows: 


SOA Sat Gie siete NE DNAS & ash gsesh 97a 0's ae $18,000 
EH AB Be hie Bac oH Aa 59,000 
Drees SERS QUL:. eee Baers oases CADE 71,000 
BEES) ey arighdw tbe wha apie tics ok bias Qhldnies 82,000 
MOR Dita NN Sia agli yale atl 86,000 


_ Members of the Council, in dealing with their denomina- 
tional bodies, need to keep in mind the fact that the entire 
apportionments asked of these bodies, even if they were fully 


326 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


met, would cover less than one-half of the budget, in order 
that these bodies, in voting apportionments, shall not assume 
that the Council is not to receive personal subscriptions from 
their constituents. 

In the case of some denominations, owing to the method of 
collection, the Federal Council has received only about one- 
third of the amount named for the Federal Council in the 
denominational budget. This creates a misleading impression 
on the constituents of those denominations as they assume 
that the Federal Council gets the amount named in the de- 
nominational budget. In these cases, there will be little or no 
gain until the Federal Council is placed in the denominational 
budget on the same basis as the regular denominational work. 
In some cases, loss of personal gifts has been equal to the gain 
by denominational apportionments. 


Personal Subscriptions 


Had it not been for several subscriptions of unusual amounts 
during recent years, the total of the personal subscriptions 
would have fallen off very considerably, this being due to the 
above mentioned misunderstanding, by which individuals, who, 
in some cases, have contributed to our work for many years, 
get the impression that their obligation ceases because the de- 
nomination has taken over that responsibility. Thus the in- 
crease from our denominational bodies is more apparent than 
real, especially in some cases. 


Development of State and Local Federations 


Another financial problem is created by the remarkable and 
gratifying development of state and especially of local federa- 
tions during recent years. There are now forty-eight local 
federations and five state federations with Headquarters and 
Administrative Staffs. 

At the present time it is estimated that the combined budgets 
of these federations amounts to about $500,000 per annum. 

This has had its effect in reducing personal subscriptions to 
the national work from old subscribers, who assume that, in 
transferring their assistance to the local federation, they are 
meeting their obligation. It is in no spirit of complaint that 
your committee records the fact that no contributions are re- 
ceived for the Federal Council from these bodies. On the 
other hand, one of the secretaries of the Federal Council fre- 
quently assists these federations in securing their budgets. It 
should be made clear to individuals in the various cities that 
the contributions which they make to the local federation do not 


REPORT OF THE BOARD OF FINANCE 327 


in any way meet the needs of the national budget and the local 
federations should be asked to make this clear to their con- 
stituencies. 

There are, we are happy to say, signs of a disposition on the 
part of local and state federation leaders, to make a place in 
their budgets for the increase of local federation by the Fed- 
eral Council, and to encourage personal support in their con- 
stituencies for the national organization. 


Funds for Mercy and Relief 


The Council has continued to act as an agency for securing 
funds for many causes. It is difficult to get our personal con- 
stituency to distinguish between funds for the work of the 
Council and funds for this outside work, which is of a foreign 
missionary nature. This presents a constant problem, but we 
are happy to say that we have never evaded it. 


The Budget for the Coming Year 


The Board of Finance recommends the continued approval 
of the original total budget approved at the last Quadrennial 
Meeting, of $300,000 for normal work. We feel, however, that 
in recommending the budget in detail, we should do it partly 
on the basis of the actual receipts this year, supplemented by 
other sure or anticipated receipts. It is understood, however, 
that the several departments may increase their several spheres 
of work provided specially designated funds are secured with- 
out injury to the regular income. 

It is further understood that transposition of items may be 
made by the respective departments provided the total is not 
exceeded. 

REGULAR BUDGET FOR YEAR 1925 
General Expenses 


(Budget for 1924 was $91,000.) 

(Expenditures for 1924 about $85,000, the decrease being mainly on 
: account of Department of Promotion and Publicity.) 

Administration: Secretaries, Assistant Secretaries 


iM rivate oecretariee sy, Gees Weka bas wuts « ghaie’ $23,000 
Coitneeaeria fhe VV ares ie aera als wus he ob er ea lec nw Are 6,000 
Office Expenses; Stationery, Postage, etc......... 6,000 
Telephone, Telegrams and Cable ............... 1,500 
Travel and Expense of Meetings ............... 4,000 
Renee Gentral i OMees: so Rees ee vohie a Sees nia, 4,000 
Pablicatiany ard | Printing.) eecdit cutee a Pe laboans 5,000 
UT feasitermenDenartment evra sva cao es voce ney ie 12,500 
Incidentals, Interest and Contingent Fund........ 3,000 
Department of Promotion and Publicity ........ 14,000 
Religious ee upiicity: SeLrvicO wns ceive ees 17,000 


328 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Local and State Organization 


Adthinistration 3) SeGhetaries ss) ay iil o kidlbca ee eure bine 
OHIGE' Meneses UG Ni MUM dans el ede yas alee 
APAVEN iar unite y Wate s SERIO SPN Pre RN UAE aN LA 
Promotion (and (Publicity ie, oy oes b> BP ae SO 


$17,000 


This addition to the budget will need to be raised by special effort 
on the part of friends of the extension of local federations. 


Washington Office, including the General Committee on Army and 


Navy Chaplains 
(Budget fori, 19240. Woe ee $17,400) 
(Expenditures for 1924 about 18,000) 
Administration: Secretary and Office Secretary... 
CIETICAL | OENVICE moe n ee yet i METI Gna eUR in etrs Ce eted 
Office Expense, Stationery, Postage, etc. ........ 
Printing} and Publication Hava eae eae 
LAWS L Miva Nie IAL a IBV AR Ey yy aeeN Oh Mie aR MARR ate 


Western Office 


AL CITIVISt TAHT UU as na NI OY ORY a a ha 
COMICE NE SENSE Us eT Me cL aAU nate Sots ati ohe Dra 


Commission on Evangelism and Life Service 
(Budget for 1924, $20,200.) 


$7,820 
2,900 


——— $17,400 


(Expenditures for 1924 about $13,000, the reduction being due to the 
fact that the proposed Secretary has not yet been secured.) 


AMMministration': (echetaries ih es vay. ewes coat ae 
CPTCE AK CLISE OS elne ere aie ee cream Ue By arte ere oe 
Printing and) Publication vou). ans hee ae 
Od TEN OES DESDE ER OPAOT gt bbe Way A As a ey) eo 


Commission on the Church and Social Service 


(Budget for. 1924 Ti ie. $18,800) 
(Expenditures for 1924 about 19,000) 


Administration: Secretaries | 60) fey VGnd aay ae 
Oiicet Farpense: Hi edn! ily hh el IN OR Waa, 
Printing \ands/ Publication / ii ya, aCe 
Travel (two, Séeretaries) i. Ue ey ll een 
Tecicherrta lai ech Butane a SM ee a 


Commission on the Church and Race Relations 


(Budvervtor 1924 vw ede haewss $11,500) 
(Expenditures for 1924 about. 10,000) 


Admingstration: Secretaries, |. os \s des ise. eemeies 
CHCA TAS DENSE! . Liuid vie wee thee tina ets wee he 
Printingwand (Publication: yu hea aes ciao mek en ean 
WE WAaMO Nasu iiice lie mele UR eg a a Vo bal areas 


—— $20,200 


$12,500 
2,500 


—— $19,000 


REPORT OF THE BOARD OF FINANCE 329 


Commission on International Justice and Goodwill 
(Regular Budget for 1924....0.0...40. $35,000) 
(Regular Expenditures for 1924 about $35,000. In addition a con- 
siderable sum has been secured, designated and expended for 
special work.) 


Administration ti CCretarics yi. ss bs son metmisyel em eisya dias $8,000 
Ofhce | Barpensen | crema si. s abl We Milas ae ah lak 6, 

Printing, Publication and Publicity ............. 18,000 
Pravel ee Wee CRBS Ue ek Ate ca aah watcha iit § 2,500 
CONTENT ATGESRA NY MNT M Er dni acl a Sitdid ol Ata ile laicitarsya evan 500 





$35,000 


This includes also the Budgets of the Committee on Relations with 
the Orient and the Committee on Mexico, for which designated funds 
are available. 


Committee on Goodwill Between Jews and Christians (a sub- 
committee of the Commission on International Justice and 


Goodwill) 
POnvinistf ation 2) Secretaries. ee erm $7,000 
CFEICCT EEX POLiSGam tte. Witney ete ceive veut tasaeM ant va Te 2,000 
LT VELE ee cetet eae CO OM ne a ery an nen ee 1,500 
MEISCOUANSOMIS ME Pace Uae ee ee ole ey a mates 1,500 
Promotion: and, Pubiveit yore Qo Wee a Me 3,000 


— $15,000 
Pledges for $15,000 a year for three years have already been se- 
cured for this Committee. 





Department of Research and Education 
(Budget for 1924, $32,000.) 
(Expenditures for 1924 about $45,000, the increase being due to ap- 
proved work undertaken, for which special funds were pro- 
vided, including Prohibition Research and other emergencies. ) 


Administration: Secretaries and Assistants ...... $8,000 
Research and Investigation Staff .............. ii 8,000 
Office Expense ii. o 3's oo ss nis 6 RS Cea Lo ees 12,000 
Printing (and) Publication (24yhaaes wabula. Piel. ols 5,000 
Travelland it Ingwlentals oie ae! ae aes eu ad 1,000 





$34,000 

This Department serves all the Departments and Commissions and 
a number of the Denominational Boards. Hence its budget fluctuates 
according to the tasks referred to it. 


A Commission on Federated Movements (at present known as 
Commission on Councils of Churches) 


BONNIE EP atION Yn PECCCLALIESIG bs uliicucele: sie laualee xd Vioriele $10,000 
COIOC ER NCHISE 4) I", ic: 2:4(0 aI RRL aein obtain ibe cacisl Dinee. tak 3,400 
Printingcand } Publication vausimenn ror nics enc scan 1,000 
Eravel Sevinieiaescc Ch a OO eo. eles 3,000 
Conventions yuiie. 3. 2d VIS A et os BR 


$19,400 


It is proposed that this Budget be entirely assured by special pro- 
vision of the Commission. 

The name and program of the Commission are now under con- 
sideration. 





330 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


BUDGET FOR 1925 


(The Budget for 1924 was....$258,800) 
(Expenditures for 1924 about 270,000) 


General VERPENSES Wels ce ss cn ans wheter eiaeia ylaly raha R $96,000 
Washington Otice ere na aaa nanan ee Chonan 17,400 
WrestertiiOltice ie uk ee ea it wi ine om ene 7,000 
Commission on Evangelism and Life Service..... 20,200 
Commission on the Church and Social Service... 19,000 
Commission on the Church and Race Relations... 11,500 


Commission on International Justice and Goodwill 35,000 
Committee on Goodwill between Jews and Chris- 
tians (sub-committee of International Justice 


andi Good will) said. tiitucone cals Cae erwin Ds ed 15,000 
Department of Research and Education......... 34,000 
Local and State Organization ...... Ath BUCS gt 17,000 


ees Sy aie la 


PROVISIONAL ADDITION TO BUDGET 


In view of the reorganization of measures for the development of 
local and state organizations, the following addition to the Budget is 
authorized, contingent upon the organization of this work and the 
securing of the funds from special sources. 


Proposed Commission on Federated Movements............ $19,400 


ADVANCE WORK BUDGETS 


It is recommended by the Board of Finance that, early in 1925, the 
several departments and secretaries make a concerted effort to secure 
funds for their work, and that authority be given for such increase in 
the budgets as increased resources may make possible, for such addi- 
tional work as may be approved by the Administrative Committee. 


SPECIAL COMMISSIONS 


Commission on Relations with Religious Bodies in Europe 
(Estimated Budget for 1924. .$19,000) 
(Expenditures for 1924 about 16,000) 
The budget for 1925 will be about the same, including the salary and 
expenses of the Secretary in Europe. The resources for this Com- 
mission are secured from the cooperating boards and organizations. 


The Committee on Religious Work on the Canal Zone incurs only 
slight administrative expense, cared for out of its funds. 


The Committee on Mercy and Relief and the American Office of 
the Central Bureau for the Relief of the Evangelical Churches 
in Europe secure their funds independently. The same is 
true of other relief movements. 


The Huguenot-Walloon New Netherland Commission is financing 
the Tercentenary by the sale of the Huguenot Coins and 
expects to complete its work within a few months. 


It is impossible that a rapidly growing organism like the 
Federal Council, with new emergencies and new opportunities 
for the cooperative service of its constituent bodies, arising 


REPORT OF THE BOARD OF FINANCE 331 


sometimes almost from day to day, should determine its entire 
budget with exactitude. The Board of Finance has, however, 
endeavored to insure the balancing of the budget by, first of all, 
conditioning specific authorization on the anticipated receipts 
which appear dependable. 

At the same time we have endeavored to provide for exten- 
sion in whatever direction the emergency or opportunity may 
call for it, in such a way that the cooperative work of the 
churches may grow as fast as the resources can be obtained 
for it. 

Respectfully submitted, 


LANDRETH H. KING 
Joun M. GLENN 
Orrin R. Jupp 
Committee on Budget. 


REPORT OF THE TREASURER 
Summary for the Quadrennium 


The following is a condensed statement of the operations 
for the past four years in connection with the regular work: 


1921 [922 1923 1924 
Bxpendituresi in iivnmcus $234,863.14 $224,725.73. $272,676.56 $268,145.46 


Income: 
From Denominations .. $59,198.84 $71,492.35 $82,279.74 $86,109.01 


From Cooperating 


Bodies i), Pres wae 20,000.00 22,580.67 29,239.66 31,658.97 
From Individuals ..... 169,352.60 117,768.52 138,291.99 142,366.27 
From other Sources— 

Literature, Year 


Book, Refunds, 
Printing and Publi- 


CATO energy 18,229.39 24,454.03 19,222.16 8,011.21 
Total Income for Regu- 
LAC TWWV OF eee: $266,780.84 $236,295.57 $269,033.55 $268,145.46 
Report for 1924 
RECEIPTS 
BALANCES ON HAND, DECEMBER 31, 1923 
General ‘Fund 6/0 Sk Ve ire eel lees $3,508.54 
General War-Time Commission .............. 1,933.05 
Committee on the War and the Religious Out- 
BOOM eae rey Ceara cL a ttn aren ead i ee 218.03 
TotalivBalances iia ee ebm, abe me mene enn opie $5,659.62 
DENOMINATIONAL APPORTIONMENTS ........-2+ $71,719.24 


Denominational apportionments for Special De- 
partments: 


WV ASIN STON  COMICE GOA uh tele co cirete Ged Belen meant aee 3,025.00 
Commission on Relations with Religious 
edies in “WEurope yt 2 even ey eee ee 5,914.77 


Department of Research and Education... 4,300.00 
Commission on the Church and Race Rela- 


THORS GATE Rte chara ane MR dete eR 600.00 
Commission on Evangelism and Life Ser- 

if Cel ares See lee hacia 8 uf 14, a A ee a 550.00 
otal nicom  Lenominations’ can Lane se. $86,109.01 


From CooPpeRATING BopliEs: 
Church Peace Union for the Commission on 


International Justice and Goodwill ......... $8,000.00 
Church Peace Union for the Commission on 
Councils’ of: Churches!) F700) 20. aaa 4,000.00 


REPORT OF THE TREASURER 


Russell Sage Foundation for the Commission on 


the Church and Race Relations ............ $5,000.00 
From several bodies for the Commission on the 
Ciurcn anGaece Celarions : Oe w wha eels sols 1,419.10 
From several bodies for the Commission on In- 
ternational Justice and Goodwill ............ 6,454.38 
From several bodies for the Commission on Re- 
lations with Religious Bodies in Europe...... 3,104.39 
From several bodies for various departments.... 3,681.10 
CONTRIBUTIONS \FEOM “INDIVIDUALS sf 2 acide oh e'e ods nitoete ds 5 


LITERATURE, INFORMATION SERVICE AND PUBLICITY........ 


DEPARTMENT OF PRINTING AND PUBLICATION 
(United Process Company) 


Receipts 
SOT VICES 1th) were all di ada et wines eutabtele La $49,191.42 
Expenditures 
Cliice sl xpense cats sc eu) setnaas eisie $5,605.68 
CUTSIGGIMDSERVICE aerate seat as cake 1,557.09 
Wares iene, Cbs .iicccawccscccsles 1/9500 
PRONTO a, at wal ln 1,966.08 
Postar eserce cass feed crake tu 20,940.50 
$48,002.70 
Less Supplies on Hand ......... 783.02 
$47,219.68 
INGE TET OULAE (Ue berries ume iti. an 0 ACARI. 
INCOME FROMTHE RESERVE. FUND ©. .6 occceld sks cevewees ea + 
TT OtAMRARE DRS cig (aaa amerine te WiC oa ha as ane 
Desir BALANCES CARRIED OVER INTO 1925 
Commission on Councils of Churches ......... $7,277.62 


Commission on the Church and Social Service. 1,050.00 
Commission on International Justice and Good- 


WLLL LOR Es ale eee alan Ns age ate’a! a o'Olaany 4,520.21 
Department of Research and Education ........ 3,698.76 
$16,546.59 


Less Crepir BALANCES ON HAND, DECEMBER 31, 1924 


General War Time Commission..... $1,575.78 
Committee on Goodwill Between Jews 
and: Christians «<.'dsieAdey et tb: 6,181.33 


WET DEFOE ee. ee Oras Cb ete bad saan 


333 


$31,658.97 
142,366.27 
7,336.96 


1,971.74 
800.00 


$275,902.57 


8,789.48 
$284,692.05 


(The deficit is covered by the balance $10,000 in the Reserve Fund) 


334 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


EXPENDITURES 
General Expenses 


Administration: Secretaries and Assistant Sec- 


FOCAL YS SeaeP eRe NTC tetany Wheto CtanG atel a neh Wn ay Chr $16,000.00 
Office Staff Clerical Service re ees ai ahs 12,260.01 
Office Expense: Property, Stationery, Printing, 

Postage) :€tes io coal arahin Rea a aA 5,156.90 
Telephone, Telegraph and Cable .............. 1,890.63 
Travel and Expense of Meetings ............. 5,313.41 
RentraCentralOmces oN ances sales Sven a's, hie 3,609.21 
Publication) arid) LADrary mete conte hee eieeaerieina e's 3,251.87 
Treasurer's ; Department \areeuyes eae eee aes 7,908.72 
Retiving (Find iio) sinicis caicla ibe olarebele cas PRaeane eat ae 2,500.00 
Incidentals, Interest and Contingent Fund...... 1,553.97 
Department of Promotion and Publicity....... 8,162.66 
Religious Publicity Service) 030.0. . Segue. 11,191.25 
Commission on’, Temperance’. 2.040 . dete. 187.30 

$78,985.93 
Less overhead expenses charged in proportion 
to idenariments:) below, ua sates eensene ee tse 8,344.00 


Washington Office, including the General 
Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains 


Administration: | 4.50 Peo Ba re $7,820.00 
Clerical Service 7 eee re 2,178.00 
Office Expense, Rent, Stationery, Postage, etc.. 4,191.94 
Printing and | Fubhicationussiaactusewe caeuhe ee ueics 2,590.61 
Travel and Expense of Meetings .............. 739.11 
Expense: ot, Gonterenceseiin ova. iwuvvs comieun 793.84 
Miscellaneous Ms ia idu weiss ceo tink ve tere eres 101.00 


Western Office 


Peri thiStra tiny is see ery viata EP aetna Sac $2,676.64 
O\RiCeI Ee ensetiliiatiale ¢uiece alm eles ay etn 1,125.27 
Printing) and |:Publicationvcicc cose nets <sceme es 25.30 
DAVE ere eke eae eee ORE eet Gem ote ee 353.62 
Commission on Councils of Churches 
Dencitvyanuary. plc cc, walanicelne ayaa aie $2,377.98 
Adimiinistf ations t fan ius 06 iain AiR Sil cia 13,104.94 
Offices Pxnense vit oss can ty ee nice Cee 1,859.40 
Printingrand sPibleeation art oo ube ky eee ce 596.76 
EYAVOLME OS Cee ected sep ecg e in ay iinet ene ee 5,000.76 
Chairman Kund (500.20. Ree eee ee 1,000.00 
Commission on Evangelism and Life Service 
A Aministration iy) ed cand cde se tame eneutrs $7,661.06 
Office Expense: Sie vera ai eae 536.97 
Printiignand Publication io) . Leagan nsec cae 2,482.43 


Travel 


$70,641.93 


18,414.50 


4,180.83 


23,939.84 


12,570.70 


REPORT OF THE TREASURER 


Commission on Christian Education 


AUMIDIGEGUOM hoot ses sk asec Oca hes sie alee $1,638.80 
CMMCE UPL TIONSE Ne Walela4» aie sivas inekin es ainiaetae eis'e's 7.07 
Printing jand\ Publication: 3.28 Gee 194.85 


TLAVEL Wire hae tad tee OLE RE I Sa 28.53 


F\ CPIMIATPAUIOTT ale ata'a sieve oad of selon $8,160.02 
EON E EN SE lsat oc is-o ol bch Gra we 1,106.81 
Printing and Publication ........... 3,023.63 
Travel and Expense of Meeting.... 2,447.92 
———— $14,738.38 
Community Relations 
PANIES EPATION «sedis oe aie, <.0)m, +, erererahats $5,800.00 
CCE A EAE DENSE Hin. vib ilidiets «odbc ol aes 240.78 
Printing) and! Publication ysi.6 620% 51.36 
FRA VOLS csi: oc oe kW EER miele B Sel ee ciate 541.13 
——__—- 6,633.27 
Laymen Speakers Fund (Travel).........000 570.22 


Commission on the Church and Race Relations 


ALUUMINIStratioue oe corre ee Cee are eee eca ns $6,815.80 
RCO FOX DGRSO iy) cists blolwrdteluigra wiierniete aialeuea that, fOr 1,306.53 
Printing. andar ublicationy #9455 Ga eae. 924.83 
eave)’, |... Gamreiaminccemahae stem ats AUIS AID Rey Rye Big 1,206.93 
Commission on International Justice and Goodwill 

Am nistratiarveussosy lsh suid aed aces. stalauy SaeMea ie lata $12,571.05 
COTO OR erEReenne on ns, Morera ny SSL OV UUM ar etal 8,751.69 
Printing, Publication and Publicity ............ 30,523.61 
Travel and Expense of Meetings .............. 5,506.88 
Special  Comanttees eet 5 ye Se ee 3,725.30 

Orient 

Mexico 


Mercy and Relief 
Near East, ete. 
Local, Regional and National Conferences and 


I Sh gs)celsps 707 CP spe TMM RRR aabe We L018 MORTIMER 4550.00 
Cooperative Work with other Bodies ......... 2,005.44 
$67,633.97 

Committee on Goodwill Between Jews and 


CATH ISTIRTIS Otro sts se hare SI oe as alg oes we ale 2,434.67 


Department of Research and Education 


PITRE APO oie hs ka OREN LEM a eS ae bald $6,820.00 
Research and Investigation, Staff ............ 21,686.98 
Office IEXpenseae ies. SOTata erate ae cea ne 4,408.79 
Printing vand) Publication «sisi cic oles ame’ « line sth aged 
LT AVER teen eae ae + eden Pte seats ect axe LLU 


335 


$1,869.25 


21,941.87 


10,254.09 


70,068.64 


49,494.91] 


336 . FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Commission on Relations with Religious Bodies in 
Europe (/ncluding Committee on Relations with France 
and Belgium) 


Administration: Secretary in Europe.......... $4,483.33 
Administrative Expenses and Conferences in 
PEs a ny ccoR my MPM as BOQ s NK Co MOURA NUH UMNO NA HEIR RO 3,010.88 
CRC) ACHONSE ey RR a SR Me 923.31 
Printing and Publication yc. Aus, Fa are 1,021.57 
Travel and Expense of Meetings .............. 690.0 
—  — — $10,129.16 
General War-Time Commission................+020000: 357.27 
Committee on the War and Religious Outlook ........ 329.06 
$294,192.05 
Less Amounts Transferred by Departments for Services 
Ren der|eel ye. TARR snd RR YA Me an 9,500.00 
CH ON BY PLEURA MBL KIN MB bey iti Meee MG Rem utn es dgt] Clad $284,692.05 


RESERVE FUND 


The following gifts received to date are designated by the 
Board of Finance as a Reserve Fund: 


Cash Reserve 


101 2- Miri ht Dy NV alist} amnesin iia a dis ratio ofa tails ieee ese ORS er $1,000.00 

1919—Legacy from Henry Martin Hervey .....,........ 7,663.35 

December 31, 1923—Appropriation from Surplus.......... 1,336.65 

SE Otay Chas Ea es es eMC VAR AEE ANU A SPAIN eh A LTE $10,000.00 
Securities 


1921—Legacy from George Warren Brown, of St. Louis, 
100 Shares Common Stock of the Brown Shoe Co.; 
this has paid 4% in the past year. 


January, 1924—Legacy from Estate of Edward H. Haskell, 
$5,000 to be paid at the end of 5 years, in the interim we 
receive 5% interest. 


May and June, 1924—From E. H. Seward, of Stuart’s 
Draft, Virginia: 


$1,000 8% Bonds of Jenckes Spinning Co. 
500 8% Bonds Franklin Hotel Co. 
500 8% Bonds F. S. Royster Guano Co. 


We have word from one of our valued contributors that 
he contemplates a legacy to the Council to assist several de- 
partments for the work in which he is particularly interested. 
It is most desirable that this Reserve Fund should be increased 
by gifts of friends in this way. 


Separate Funds for Special Causes 


The following funds for the purposes named have been 
raised and carried by the Council: 


REPORT OF THE TREASURER 337 


Committee on Religious Work on the Canal Zone 


RECEIVED— 
Balance on hand, December 31, 1923........ $6,025.32 
Denominational Contributions— 
Reformed Church in America ............ 1,500.00 
Congregational Churches ... 0.0054 0e0-556s 5,000.00 
Presbyterian Church in Ui SAe sic eels 5,000.00 
Methodist Episcopal Church ............. 4,000.00 
UGS TLE Ts FEL CORSA by Re by ie Hie wa GARAND nay 4 36 sh 12,652.50 
EYREPOBE OLE LICNOSIESHLY hc Kyles Gintors iene aiccayatere ave 242.31 
$34,420.13 
Patp— 
AMMSTINAISEV ACHAT Au Ble gral, i/o. 5 cosa wiatp. «ented ps Sime Vdd $1,065.00 
AIG MOOTISE Oe brads 54 tiles inves aera ae 195.58 
Beuitine band UD CAtiOn..\ei/>iv. sie os oie see ueca are 319.85 
PT AVOL ee Uy ee E ee a ols okie oa elena ne et a 980.72 
Union Church on the Canal Zone .......... 17,000.00 
_ Balance on hand, December 31, 1924......... 14,858.98 
oe ——— $34,420.13 
Central Bureau for the Relief of the Evangelical Churches 
of Europe 
RECEIVED— 
From Denominations, Churches and Individuals....... $241,288.68 
Paip— 
Zo ithe “Gentral Biuareawiiiien ss 0 te ae ied vielen $232,854.77 
Balance on hand, December 31, 1924........ 8,433.91 


$241,288.68 

The “Central Bureau” is the relief agency created by the Com- 

mission on Relations with Religious Bodies in Europe and is adminis- 

tered by a Special Committee, of which Albert G. Lawson is the 
Treasurer, 


Huguenot-Walloon New Netherland Commission (Incor- 
porated) 


EXPE N SING ae amit ttle hs "8 sag aka RIN ie We ath male nid a wie Gdeela one Wat $32,470.41 
INCOME— 
Balance on hand, December 31, 1923 ........ $63.84 


Income from sale of coins and _ individual 


CarAEL Settee. ARUN ated ets Nakata dis oe sins 31,325.71 
1,080. 


$32,470.41 
It is expected that the continued sale of the Huguenot coins will 
meet this deficit. 


Conference on Economic Factors in International Relations 


RECEIVED— 
Balance on hand, December 31, 1923 ......... 82.04 
Cotttripaniong. is! e Poae ePRoeiit a 550.00 
Deficit, December'31; 1924) so. uik.t. dod. 1,214.17 
———— $1,846.21 


338 = FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Pain— 
Administration oo wucieu vecseme wae caret $1,450.00 
Office Epensene ni sec wails s ele nauthuaieien 6 348.20 
2 RSL Gi UN TR DI oe Tae A eR 48.01 
——__ $1,846.21 


The Council has been the means of raising in 1924 just about the 
same amount for Relief Work as for its own departments, and in addi- 
tion to this it has promoted the raising of funds for such work of 
large amounts which went directly to these causes without passing 


through its Treasury. 
During other years of the Quadrennium these amounts have been 


several times as large as in 1924, 
The problem of adding these responsibilities to that of raising its 
own budget has not always been easy, but it has been done with 


reasonable success. 


SUMMARY OF LEDGER BALANCES 
December 31, 1924 


CaS ere Le ROK ie ECL Aig WOM eaHRE Am fate aU taper ul) 8 ee ee $20,683.00 
Accounts Receivable and Supplies ............ceescceee 1,525.38 
Amounts due from Regular Departments and carried down 
into 1925, viz.: 
Commission on Councils of Churches ....... $7,277.62 
Commission on the Church and Social Service 1,050.00 
Commission on International Justice and 
CO WT ee LN AVUe, ots a chalets, Sac eine Pema 4,520.21 
Department of Research and Education...... 3,698.76 
a ee 16,546.59 
Amounts due from Special Departments: 
Conference on Economic Factors ........... $1,214.17 
Huguenot-Walloon New Netherland Com- 
ATLISS ION ass vs ievitukas the Mie er GAL ar uel ape deck ae 1,080.86 
——— 2,295.03 
$41,050.00 
LIABILITIES— 
Amounts due to the following Regular Departments: 
General War-Time Commission ............ 1,575.78 
Committee on Goodwill between Jews and 
Christians, coe Hao same oe ACS otal ete 6,181.33 
ee $7,757.11 
Amounts due to Special Departments: 
Committee on Religious Work on the Canal 
ZONE Te ace esa OU ee ee aU ER Chea tne aad $14,858.98 
Central Bureau for the Relief of the Evangel- 
rcaChurches of) Huropeecis as ase. aod os 8,433.91 
a 23,392.89 
Cash Balance of Reserve Fund awaiting Investment. . 10,000.00 
$41,050.00 


The Council owns property, furniture, fixtures, typewriters, 
manifold machinery and Library appraised at an insurable 


value of about $28,000. 


REPORT OF THE TREASURER 339 


The accounts have been audited by a certified public ac- 
countant who attests the correctness of the accounts from the 
Treasurer’s books. 

ALFRED R. KIMBALL, Treasurer. 


FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST IN AMERICA 
105 East 22nd Street, New York City 


Gentlemen : 

I have audited the books and accounts of the Treasurer of the Fed- 
eral Council of the Churches of Christ in America for the year ending 
December 31, 1924. 

I hereby certify that the foregoing report of the Receipts and Dis- 
bursements and summary of Ledger Balances are correct, and that the 
books of the Council are in agreement therewith. 

Respectfully submitted, 


Cuas. R. Query, 
Certified Public Accountant. 


March, 1925. 








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an 
ACT OF INCORPORATION 
Chapter 131 
LAWS OF NEW YORK 


AN ACT incorporating the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ 
in America. 


Became a law April 12, 1924, with the approval of the Governor. Passed, 
three-fifths being present. 


The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and 
Assembly, do enact as follows: 

Section 1. All such persons as are now or hereafter may 
become members of the Federal Council of the Churches of 
Christ in America, formed in the city of Philadelphia in the 
year one thousand nine hundred and eight, or of the Federal 
Council of the Churches of Christ in America incorporated 
under the laws of the District of Columbia in the year one 
thousand nine hundred and fifteen, are hereby constituted a 
body corporate with the name “The Federal Council of the 
Churches of Christ in America.” 

§ 2. The objects of said corporation shall be, to promote 
the spirit of fellowship, service and cooperation among the 
Churches of Christ in America, to secure larger efficiency in 
their work, to endeavor to prevent their duplication of effort 
and expenditure and to increase their influence by united 
action in every department of their operations, at home and 
abroad. 

§ 3. The said corporation, at any time it shall determine so 
to do, may elect or appoint such officers, and may adopt such 
by-laws or regulations in relation to its organization, to the 
management, disposition and sale of its real or personal prop- 
erty, to the duties and powers of its officers, and to the man- 
agement and conduct of its corporate business and affairs as 
it shall think proper, provided such by-laws or regulations 
are not inconsistent with the laws of the United States or of 
this state. 

§ 4. The said corporation shall have power to receive, take 
and hold any property, real or personal, by virtue of any de- 
vise, bequest, gift, grant or purchase, either absolutely or in 
trust, for any of the objects stated in section two, and to make 
investments of its funds or of the proceeds thereof, subject, 
however, to the limitations expressed in the laws of this state 
as to the aggregate amount it may hold of such property, and 
subject also in respect to bequests from persons residing in 

343 


344 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


the state of New York, to the provisions of section seventeen 
of chapter eighteen of the laws of nineteen hundred and nine 
known as the decedent estate law. And the said corporation 
shall be competent also to act as trustee in respect to any de- 
vise, bequest or gift pertaining to any of said objects, and any 
such trust may continue for such time as may be necessary 
to accomplish the purposes for which it may be created. 


§ 5. Meetings of the said corporation may be held at such 
place or places within the United States and at such time or 
times as the corporation may from time to time determine. 


§ 6. Such corporation shall have all the powers conferred 
on corporations by the general corporation law and the mem- 
bership corporation law, which are not inconsistent with the 
provision of this act. 


§ 7. Robert E. Speer, Howard B. Grose, Charles S. Mac- 
farland, Alfred R. Kimball, Samuel McCrea Cavert and 
Landreth H. King, or a majority of them, are hereby author- 
ized to call the meeting for the organization of the corporation 
hereby created at such time and place and on such notice as 
to them or to the majority of them may seem proper, and at 
such meeting twenty-five shall constitute a quorum for the 
transaction of business. 


§ 8. This act shall take effect immediately. 


STATE OF NEw York, v Hy 
Office of the Secretary of State, §°~"’ 


I have compared the preceding with the original law on file in this 
office, and do hereby certify that the same is a correct transcript there- 
from and of the whole of said original law. 


JAMES A. HAMILTON, 
Secretary of State. 


CONSTITUTION 


(Pian of Federation Recommended by The Interchurch Conference of 
1905, Adopted by the National Assemblies of Constituent Bodies, 
1906-1908, Ratified by the Council at Philadelphia, December 2-8, 
1908, Amended at Chicago, December 4-9, 1912, and at St. Louis, 
December 6-11, 1916; adopted on December 4, 1924, by the Council 
as incorporated by special act of the Legislature of the State of 
New York.) 


PREAMBLE 


Whereas, In the providence of God, the time has come when it seems 
fitting more fully to manifest the essential oneness of the Christian 
churches of America in Jesus Christ as their divine Lord and Saviour, 
and to promote the spirit of fellowship, service, and cooperation among 
them, the delegates to the Interchurch Conference on Federation assem- 
bled in New York City, do hereby recommend the following Plan of 


ACT OF INCORPORATION, CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS 345 


Federation to the Christian bodies represented in this Conference for 
their approval: 


PLAN OF FEDERATION 


1. For the prosecution of work that can be better done in union than 
in separation a Council is hereby established whose name shall be the 
Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America. 

2. The following Christian bodies shall be entitled to representation in 
this Federal Council on their approval of the purpose and plan of the 
organization: (List of constituent bodies.) 

3. The object of this Federal Council shall be: 


I. To express the fellowship and catholic unity of the Christian Church. 


II. To bring the Christian bodies of America into united service for 
Christ and the world. 


III. To encourage devotional fellowship and mutual counsel concerning 
the spiritual life and religious activities of the churches. 


IV. To secure a larger combined influence for the churches of Christ in 
all matters affecting the moral and social condition of the people, so as to 


promote the application of the law of Christ in every relation of human 
life. 


V. To assist in the organization of local branches of the Federal Coun- 
cil to promote its aims in their communities. 


4 This Federal Council shall have no authority over the constituent 
bodies adhering to it; but its province shall be limited to the expression 
of its counsel and the recommending of a course of action in matters of 
common interest to the churches, local councils, and individual Christians. 

It has no authority to draw up a common creed or form of government 
or of worship, or in any way to limit the full autonomy of the Christian 
bodies adhering to it. 


5. Members of this Federal Council shall be appointed as follows: 


Each of the Christian bodies adhering to this Federal Council shall he 
entitled to four members, and shall be further entitled to one member for 
every 50,000 of its communicants or major fraction thereof. Alternates 
may be chosen and certified to the Council in the same manner and to the 
same number as members to fill vacancies caused by the death, resigna- 
tion, or permanent disqualification of members. Such alternates may also 
attend sessions of the Council in the absence of members and exercise all 
powers of members as temporary substitutes during such absence. 


6. Any action to be taken by this Federal Council shall be by the 
general vote of its members. But in case one-third of the members pres- 
ent and voting request it, the vote shall be by the bodies represented, the 
members of each body voting separately ; and action shall require the vote, 
not only of a majority of the members voting, but also of the bodies 
represented. 


7. Other Christian bodies may be admitted into membership of this 
Federal Council on their request if approved by a vote of two-thirds of 
the members voting at a session of this Council, and of two-thirds of the 
bodies represented, the representatives of each body voting separately. 


346 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


8. The Federal Council shall meet once in every four years and the 
term of service of the members or their alternates shall be four years or 
until their successors shall be appointed. Special meetings may be called 
by the Executive Committee. 


9. Section a. The officers of this Federal Council shall be a President, 
one Vice-President from each of its constituent bodies, a Recording Sec- 
retary, a Treasurer, and an Executive Committee, who shall perform the 
duties usually assigned to such officers. Vacancies among the Vice- 
Presidents or in the Executive Committee may be filled by the Executive 
Committee on nomination by the representatives on the Executive Com- 
mittee of the constituent body in which the vacancy may occur. 


Section b. The General Secretary and other secretaries of the Council 
except the Recording Secretary shall be chosen by the Executive Com- 
mittee, which shall have authority to fix their duties and their salaries, 
and they shall aid in organizing and assisting local Councils and shall 
represent the Federal Council in its work under the direction of the 
Executive Committee. 


SECTION c. The Executive Committee shall consist of two representa- 
tives from each of the constituent bodies, preferably one minister and one 
layman, and one additional representative for every 500,000 of its com- 
municants or major fraction thereof, who may be either a minister or lay- 
man, together with the President, all ex-Presidents, the Recording Secre- 
tary, and the Treasurer. The Executive Committee shall have authority 
to attend to all business of the Federal Council in the intervals of its 
meetings and to fill all vacancies, except that it shall not have power to 
make any amendments to the Constitution or to the By-laws. It shall 
meet for organization at the call of the President of the Council imme- 
diately upon the adjournment of the Federal Council, and shall have 
power to elect its own officers. 


Section d. All officers shall be chosen at the quadrennial meetings of 
the Council and shall hold their offices until their successors take office. 


Section e. The President, the Recording Secretary, and the Treasurer 
shall be elected by the Federal Council on nomination by the Executive 
Committee, but nominations may be made from the floor of the Council 
by any member at the time of the election. 


Section f. The Vice-Presidents and members of the Executive Com- 
mittee and their alternates shall be elected by the Council upon nomina- 
tion by the representatives in attendance of each of their respective con- 
stituent bodies. 


10. The expenses of the Federal Council shall be provided for by the 
several constituent bodies. 


(The following paragraphs were recommended by Interchurch Confer- 
ence of 1905, adopted by national assemblies of constituent bodies, 1906- 
1908.) 


11. This Plan of Federation may be altered or amended by a majority 
vote of the members, followed by a majority vote of the representatives 
of the several constituent bodies, each voting separately. Amendments 
to this plan shall be reported officially to the several constituent churches. 


ACT OF INCORPORATION, CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS 347 


BY-LAWS 


(Adopted at the meeting of the Federal Council (incorporated) at 
Atlanta, Ga., December 4, 1924.) 


ArTICLE I. ENROLLMENT 


_ The Recording Secretary and the Secretary, or Secretaries for admin- 
istrative service, or a Committee, to whom this duty may be assigned by 
the Executive Committee, shall make up the roll of the members in the 
Council from the certificates of the proper officers of the bodies compos- 
ing the Council, and no one not thus certified shall be enrolled. The 
Council shall determine any question arising as to the validity of the 
certificates. 


ArticLte II, Quorum 


A quorum consists of two or more delegates from each of a majority 
of the bodies entitled to representation. 


Articte III. Orrtcers 


Section 1. The officers of the Council are a President, one Vice- 
President representing each of the bodies represented in the Council, a 
Recording Secretary, a Treasurer and Secretaries for administrative 
service, and such associates and assistants as the Executive or Adminis- 
trative Committee may appoint. 


Section 2. The President, the Vice-Presidents, the Recording Secre- 
tary and the Treasurer shall be elected at each regular meeting. The 
Secretaries for administrative service shall be elected by the Executive 
Committee, or the Administrative Committee subject to approval of the 
Executive Committee. Vacancies may be filled by the Administrative 
Committee until the next meeting of the Executive Committee. 


Section 3. Presidents and Vice-Presidents are not eligible for imme- 
diate re-election. 


Section 4. (a) The President shall preside at meetings of the Council. 
In case of his absence, or disability, one of the Vice-Presidents, to be 
designated by the Council, shall serve. 


(b) The President shall appoint the members of committees and of 
commissions, unless it is otherwise ordered, after consultation with 
denominational authorities. 


Section 5. The Treasurer, the Secretaries and such officers as the 
Executive Committee may appoint shall be subject to the direction of the 
Execttti ive Committee. 


Section 6. The Treasurer shall give such security for the faithful 
performances of his duties as the Executive Committee may direct. 

The Executive Committee, either directly or through the Administra- 
tive Committee, shall have power to appoint such other fiscal officers as 
it may deem advisable and to designate their respective relations and 
duties the bond which they shall give. 


Section 7. Each officer holds office from the time of his election 
until the next regular meeting, and until his successor is elected, except 
that the Treasurer holds office until the close of the fiscal year. 


Section 8. Officers elected by the Council are during their term of 
office ex-officio members of the Council. 


348 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


ARTICLE IV. ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE 


Section 1. An Administrative Committee shall be constituted by the 

Council through the Executive Committee as follows: 

(a) Of one delegate of each of the bodies composing the 
Council, nominated by the proper authorities of the bodies represented. 

(b) Of one representative of each agency of organized 
Christianity which by action of the Executive Committee may become 
enrolled as in affiliation, cooperation, or consultative relations with the 
Council. 

(c) Of the Chairmen of Commissions. 

(d) Of members at large, not more than fifteen in num- 
ber, who are themselves members of the bodies composing the Council. 


Section 2. The functions and powers of the Administrative Com- 
mittee are: 


(a) To carry out the policies of the Council and of the 
Executive Committee. 


(b) To maintain close relations between the Council and 
the bodies which comprise it and the other interdenominational agencies 
representing the Churches and their Boards. 


(c) To represent the Council between its meetings both by 
utterance and by action in harmony with the purposes of the Council and 
of its cooperating organizations. 


(d) To supervise and direct the activities of Secretaries, 
Committees, Commissions and other agencies of the Council. 


(ce) To represent, in harmony with the policies of the 
Council, the common mind of the Churches comprising the Council in 
friendly relations with the Churches of other lands. 


(f) To report in writing its doings to the meetings of the 
Council and of the Executive Committee for review with recommenda- 
tions relating to further procedure and policy. 


Section 3. The Administrative Committee shall meet on the second 
Friday of each month, unless otherwise voted, with provision for special 
meetings. 


ARTICLE V. COMMITTEES 


The Council may appoint Committees on Enrollment, on Law, on Busi- 
ness, on Nominations, on Resolutions, and on such other matters as it 
may from time to time determine. 


ArticLE VI. ComMMISSIONS 


Section 1. The Council, or the Executive Committee, may establish 
Commissions and Standing Committees to further the general purposes 
of the Council within specified fields of activity. 


_ Section 2. The Commissions and Standing Committees shall be sub- 
ject to the Administrative Committee and shall report to it and through 
it to the Executive Committee and to the Council. 


ArTIcLE VII. MEETINGS 


Section 1. Regular meetings of the Council shall be held quadren- 
nially on the first Wednesday in December, unless otherwise voted by the 
Council, Executive Committee or Administrative Committee, at such 
place and hour as may be determined by the Administrative Committee. 


ACT OF INCORPORATION, CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS 349 


SEcTION 2. Special meetings may be called by the Administrative Com- 
mittee to consider only such matters as may be specified in the notice 
of the meetings. 


Section 3. A postpaid notice mailed to a delegate and addressed to his 
last known place of residence shall constitute a notice of the meeting. 


ArticLteE VIII. AMENDMENTS 


These By-laws may be amended at a regular meeting of the Council 
by a two-thirds vote of the members present and voting, provided (1) 
notice of the proposed amendment shall have been given at a preceding 
meeting of the Council, or (2) such amendment shall have been recom- 
mended by the Executive Committee or by the Administrative Committee. 


II : 
OFFICERS OF THE FEDERAL COUNCIL, 1924-1928 


Bisuop E. R. HENpriIx 


A : Dean SHAILER MATHEWS 
Foren | Presidents: oon kt cluialnie als opis wie ive 


Rey. Frank Mason NortH 

Dr. Ropert E. SPEER 
PFEMAGRE nails cstetiicsie Micaut ceca lens Cah NaN os Rev. S. Parkes CADMAN 
Hanorary’ Secretary. us cou vais Re elaweagialsietaits Rey. Exrtas B. SANForRD 
REEOTOURG “SECT ELAN pian Wiiisievbinnaieinie eS uemanie Slee Rey. Rivincton D. Lorp 
FF ONO OED LF EOSUTET che cunt pays aleieiai shan ssealnbaten ine. ne aie ALFRED R. KIMBALL 
TLEQSUTER is Pic's Westone Lente emits Lice SMI Eter a aie, orci eles Frank H. Mann 
General Secretary ee ese aa ca ote wiela tte Rev. CHarites S. MACFARLAND 
CRHETUL NS RETELAPV So oun Blow ignte uote -,Rev. SAMUEL McCrea CAVERT 


Executive Committee, 1924-1928 


Car aed iis oles Viae Cie are rece ee ee tale aig ela anurans BisHop JoHN M. Moore 
Rey. CLARENCE A. BARBOUR 
Vice-Chatrinen 2) i Ou Oe ae Fara ee Rev. JOHN BALTZER 
Rev. L. K. WILLIAMS 
Recordings Seer etary iiss mua Ware stare stale le Rey. Rivincton D. Lorp 


Administrative Committee 


CHAU MON ENs AN Ee aire aera ats aha iss Rev. Joon A. Margulis 
Rev. Joun W. LANGDALE 

VCE CROW ME ee Te ee oe ela ele he ale eae Mrs. JOHN FERGUSON 
Cuartes S. CrosMAN 

Revording | Secrvesary iu iniadisiisics cameaena ee Rey. Rivincton D. Lorp 


Vice-Presidents 


Northern Baptist Convention 

Milliken, Hon. Carl E., Custom House, Portland, Me. 
National Baptist Convention 

Bryant, Rev. P. James, 402 Auburn Avenue, Atlanta, Ga. 
Free Baptist Churches 

Webb, Hon. Lindley M., 396 Congress Street, Portland, Me. 
Christian Church 

Coffin, Rev. Frank G., 406 East Daniel Street, Albany, Mo. 
Churches of God in N. A. (General Eldership) 

Guyer, Rev. W. H., Findlay, Ohio 
Congregational Churches 

Potter, Rev. Rockwell H., Center Church House, Hartford, Conn. 
Disciples of Christ 

Burnham, Rev. F. W., 425 De Baliviere Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 
Evangelical Church 

Maze, Bishop M. T., 1924 Green Street, Harrisburg, Pa. 
Evangelical Synod of North America 

Menzel, Rev. Paul A., 2951 Tilden Street, Washington, D. C. 
Friends 

Jones, Prof. Rufus M., Haverford College, Haverford, Pa. 
Methodist Episcopal Church 

Wilson, Bishop Luther B., 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Methodist Episcopal Church, South 

Moore, Bishop John M., 1308 Commerce Street, Dallas, Texas 


350 


PERSONNEL OF THE COUNCIL 351 


African Methodist Episcopal Church 


Ransom, Bishop Reverdy C., 1721 Scovel Street, Nashville, Tenn. 


African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church 


Kyles, Bishop L. W., 1612 East 14th Street, Winston-Salem, N. C. 


Colored Methodist Episcopal Church in America 

Phillips, Bishop C. H., 10828 Drexel Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 
Methodist Protestant Church 

Lewis, Rev. T. H., 2844 Wisconsin Avenue, Washington, D. C. 
Primitive Methodist Church 

Humphries, Rev. Elijah, Billerica Center, Mass. 
Moravian Church 


Moench, Bishop C. L., 116 S. Virginia Avenue, Atlantic City, N. J. 


Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A. 

Marquis, Rev. John A., 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Presbyterian Church in the U. Ag 

Wells, Rev. John M., Sumter, S. C. 


Protestant Episcopal Commission on Christian Unity and Depariment of 


Christian Social Service 
Brent, Rt. Rev. Charles H., 237 North Street, Buffalo, N. Y. 
Reformed Church in America 
Kuizenga, Rev. John E., 4 East 14th Street, Holland, Mich. 
Reformed Church in the United States 


Leinbach, Rev. Paul S., 15th and Race Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. 


Reformed Episcopal Church 

Dager, Rev. Forrest E., 3618 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Seventh Day Baptist Churches 

Bond, President S. O., Salem, W. Va. 
United Brethren in Christ 

Kephart, Bishop C. J., 3936 Harrison Street, Kansas City, Mo. 
United Presbyterian Church 

McGill, Rev. D. F., 317 Home Avenue, Bellevue, Pa. 

(Montgomery, Rev. J. Knox, alternate for Dr. McGill) 


MEMBERS OF THE FEDERAL COUNCIL 
Northern Baptist Convention 


Allison, Prof. William H...... Colgate University, Hamilton, N. Y. 
Abernethy, Mrss)Wi.S....c:s.00 «sigan 715 16th Street, Washington, D. C. 
Anderson, Prot, FL... 169 Homer Street, Newton Center, Mass. 
Anthony, Rev. Alfred Williams..105 E. 22nd Street, New York City 
Ashworth, Rev. Robert A........ 45 Bayley Avenue, Yonkers, N. Y. 
Peace eOOts Test, ite. ss dames 300 Alexander Street, Rochester, N. Y. 
TALOce keV ope) (eo s. sarees 459 Marlborough Road, Yonkers, N. Y. 
Brink: Rew Goin. :. cern ealee 1701 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Coleman, Mrs. G. W. ...... 177 W. Brookline Street, Boston, Mass. 
Padnces Pres: WH: PSone) Brown University, Providence, aug 
Franklin, eve ds, ED oiin Pee aeaNe 276 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Gordon, PAD Eye. OS, 23 Norwood Avenue, Buffalo, N. Y. 
Gramineres GAUDy oR Bates College, Lewiston, Me. 
Grose, Rev. Howard B.......... 276 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Hanleyinevidiow Al 2. aol First Baptist Church, Berkeley, Cal. 
Leyy) dhevai ei Avs. coekitan 40 Bartlett Avenue, Pittsfield, Mass. 
Lawsonuri ew sA Ibert, G. Remeber i. ee ete Meredith, N. Y. 


Lord, Rev. Rivington D....Hotel Mohawk, 


Washington and Greene Avenues, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
ME Ot tena ke bi», se a 3407 Fifth Street, Des Moines, Iowa 
Mathews, Dean Shailer........ University of Chicago, Chicago, III. 


352 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Milliken: (Hons Goehy Minin as ines eCustom House, Portland, Me. 
Montgomery, Mrs. W. A....144 Dartmouth Street, Rochester, N. Y. 
Moores (Rev. ohm wn oer 29 Macon Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Pla DOY METS)! FEU WV gi eaeh ee CU DOA Creve as Ue og Bloat Beverly, Mass. 
Rhees, Pres. Rush......... 440 University Avenue, Rochester, N. Y. 
Richardson WW a Goa oni yeni oisi cone ene AN 26 Broadway, New York City 
Sears tren Gy FAG 4 wale alieebety 276 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
tiwell, tev Pre bu iien wuke vcale at 1142 Schofield Bldg., Cleveland, Ohio 
White; Revi ho eat aiien 136 Sigourney Street, Hartford, Conn. 
Wihite a ReveaQi Ta nu ane wien 23 East 26th Street, New York City 


Wishart, Rev. A. W....Fountain St. Baptist Church, 
Grand Rapids, Mich. 
National Baptist Convention 


BOOKER TAR OVS hel Phe Vict oe nent crmaens Baptist College, Little Rock, Ark. 
Bowren, Rev. W. A. ...... 1060 Washington Blvd., Kansas City, Kan. 
BTA ys OVE Bust vera e OI AL 441 Monroe Avenue, Detroit, Mich. 
Brow, Revi WiiWii ae 143 West 13lst Street, New York City 
Bryant ors Peipames tit ey usa aue 402 Auburn Avenue, Atlanta, Ga. 
Burdett) Revi JRE. Ae 807 Andrews Street, Houston, Texas 
Gaston Rey hLi Liaise weer anu aes 4348 Bell Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 
Clery De Crt RE) une vane 70014 W. Ninth Street, Little Rock, Ark. 
COSEV ROL A Aroha MIU Rt a erg nC Ro Vicksburg, Miss. 
Butler, Reve 0) Cae al ia Howe Institute, Memphis, Tenn. 
ATOMS VINO Eee ens ier re alge 2010 E. 11th Street, Kansas City, Mo. 
Goodrame; Reva .\(Wiiuiae wise 6 1533 Sixth Avenue, Birmingham, Ala. 
Gralain jun enl ViRE al Dicey 1631 Christian Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
rg Ys Yd Bi eta i A eM NMRA og ge At sg TDN Memphis, Tenn. 
Haynes, Rev. William......... 412 Fourth Avenue, Nashville, Tenn. 
Hendersomy Revolt tiv -itaianea > 328 Patton Street, Knoxville, Tenn. 
LOMO Way Loe Wi yinin lee cea telertatiare aa eile ah enn sta) alana Box 287, Helena, Ark. 
Hrudson, rote y Ray Bis ok! ane dep ion a, 1 oh lpia P. O. Box 455, Selma, Ala. 
Tsaae) Rey seu VV OLR ie Weel aiey 409 Gray Street, Nashville, Tenn. 
TA RISORY JOO VE Laat Mmaulie ul auras 1605 Lapsley Avenue, Selma, Ala. 


Jernagin, Rev. W. H....1341 Third Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 
Johnson, Rev. A. M..308 W. California Street, Oklahoma City, Okla. 


OTe REV Tire Laima ara 726 W. Walnut Street, Louisville, Ky. 
FUSER TOV gd ie culate cole aa iM Le tee Houston College, Houston, Texas 
Lovelace. Reve Vy Baa, Unne oae chew a ite Box 387, Wynne, Ark. 
McNeal, Rev. George........ 1816 N. 3rd Street, Kansas City, Kan. 
Moses!) Revi i WV ei Ebay la cis decal 35 East 125th Street, New York City 
DEOSIOM ORLOV: | ca LU, eipnaidalareinlalis 4333 West Bell Place, St. Louis, Mo 
Le pan ag eR Ba A UA HO ah TT APRON 847 South 6th Street, Louisville, Ky. 
Robinson, Rev. G. W...... 1009 West 12th Street, Des Moines, lowa 
edit: Cale BLD ORAS DR pe ori HOR RMP ORNS AA 9 Se North Holly Street, Helena, Ark. 
Stevens, Rev. George E......... 4265 Finney Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 
Steward Wy Pest dae 608 South 5th Street, Louisville, Ky. 
Vhomas) Rev, TiAl iiecueln dau, 1717 Benson Avenue, Evanston, Ill. 
Westbrook, Rev. B. J. F..520 W. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, Ind. 
White, Rev. Thomas H........ 456 York Street, Jersey City, N. J. 
Willams?) Rev... Wee greed: 735 West 9th Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 
Wilson, Rev. E. Arlington....2813 Thomas Avenue, Dallas, Texas 
NA icrepere er Ali Deets i caning ae 383 Auburn Avenue, Atlanta, Ga. 


Williams (REVO L. Wore aes ok 3115 South Park Avenue, Chicago, Ill. 


PERSONNEL OF THE COUNCIL ‘ie: Sie 


Free Baptist Churches 
Anthony, Rev. Alfred Williams, 105 East 22nd Street, New York City 
Lord, Rev. Rivington D., Hotel Mohawk, Washington and Greene 
‘Avenues, Brooklyn, N. Y. 


McDonaid, Presi Henry ate ante eee Harper’s Ferry, W. Va. 
Mauck, Dr. Joseph W.......... 173 Hillsdale Street, Hillsdale, Mich. 
Mosher, Rev. George F........ 107 Howland Street, Roxbury, Mass. 
Siatvasmeve vi momas tice ua asieiiee Ce cats Sandwich Center, N. H. 
Christian Church 
Sitieyer Revo Wye Vine aicg c Ce erulee tremens tie Lock Box 144, Suffolk, Va. 
PEIISOTE REVO CS re ce ahs Meter etatdl hatatelghe weal Elon College, N. C. 
Comin i rese: pordink (5 oe 406 East Daniel Street, Albany, Mo. 
Slmnier pel, eve Martyn 6s era a a) Lakemont, N. Y. 
Barete BRev We Meee is wk os ene aly gh gat he wrettu eal Dayton, Ohio 
Alternates 
ICAL REV PMU ese. cic chy Rist ee te cele a ee ees ste Lakemont, N. Y. 
SArPeHt PREV LVWinihae ue oie t 215 Bucklin Street, Providence, R. I. 
ee EA RANE Se adil fe El | Oe Wa A LY A bay al |... Versailles, Ohio 
SISUIOE UN VIN RN eT EN oud Cannes eras Rh, oe eigha hata Si ene, Milford, N. J. 
DITTO VAL aca, Ln aie ae La gata MLO MUM LMAT ary Ce Norfolk, Va. 
RGtr se REV a om sty eit i eiotsiesare tics ane CoP AV Bidg... Dayton: ‘Ohio 
Churches of God in N. A. (General Eldership) 
A pdeenantign ewe ey Loe ec. ces oie siete 205 Frazer Street, Findlay, Ohio 
Guyer Reve Waimea ie keer re Findlay College, Findlay, Ohio 
TACT et EN RR AT ZN Cr Seiitate ls erate at anes Wis, ies a.) ate Nhe Columbia City, Ind. 
TOD MAN OVLaLE Can Reiiiel oe (oy') bys ReRCle o areal pret Ashe etatas dst Shippensburg, Pa. 
Alternates 
PS VICT ROR mR hua s 3 fs icunichs tiie vis SPR sik Nia shar Abas OucabMistiat Reels Conrad, Iowa 
be AES 35/14 FMA Se Sc ZUG a A A West Newton, Pa. 
SNUALTE ERMAN Cron Bhs Si an aN Le ro NN AN Ba Harrisburg, Pa. 
Ls Ere get olay WA | CN AA aR BE My 3 703 Liberty Street, Franklin, Pa. 
Congregational Churches 
Axton: Colney pohn’ DT i iise ea eae Office of Chief of Chaplains, 
Washington, D. C 
Burton, Rev. Charles E........ 287 Fourth Avenue, New York City 
Cobleigh, Rolfe........ The Congregationalist, 14 Beacon Street, 
Boston, Mass. 
GONPAU REV UA ZL oc Sots pibisieiera ae Park Street Church, Boston, Mass 
Davis, aE a is. Hho) te hana 327 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 
LAV OV WV) ELs sou mae ees aera 25 Court Street, Bridgeport, Conn. 
Dewey eve. bose 500 Groveland Avenue, Minneapolis, Minn. 
Emerson, Rev. Chester B........ 820 Blaine Avenue, Detroit, Mich. 
Fagley, Rey To Oeiias 289 Fourth Avenue, New York Cit 
Perry onirs) vrrank Sr rie: 391 Sheridan Road, Winnetka, Ill. 
Fox? Rev DiF ii 7 993 North Madison Avenue, Pasadena, Cal. 
Gammon, Rev. R. W........ 19 South La Salle Street, Chicago, II. 
Hawkins, Rev. Chauncey........ 1812 Federal Avenue, Seattle, Wash. 
Jones, David P...... 236 McKnight Boulevard, Minneapolis, Minn. 
Maurersev. Irving sist be. 846 College Street, Beloit, Wis. 
Moulton Pres, W. Jie censiee eae 331 Hammond Street, Bangor, Me. 
Nicholontinercsl oy Rose Sh Ne. |... 1640 Farwell Avenue, Chicago, II. 


Potter, Rev. Rockwell J....Center Church House, Hartford, Conn. 


354 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Proctorg Revinh. prtines coe nes 1597 Pacific Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Snosthy |, Bred Buncssebin te teres 105 East 22nd Street, New York City 
Stafford, Rev. Russell H.... Pilgrim Cong’l Church, St. Louis, Mo. 
Warner, Mrs. Franklin H., 

30 Ridgeview Avenue, White Plains, N. Y. 


Disciples of Christ 


MA DbOtt MeV eke Uatee Heath mae a ate 2712 Pine Street, St. Louis, Mo. 
Ainslie, Rev. Peter........ 504 North Fulton Avenue, Baltimore, Md. 
Burnham Revision Venn as 425 De Baliviere Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 


Campbell, Rev. George A., 
Union Avenue Christian Church, St. Louis, Mo. 


Gastlaberryy even juo pci nai 1116 Cypress Avenue, Cincinnati, O. 
Chilton}, Revi CoM pnt aa 917 Faraon Street, St. Joseph, Mo. 
Cory, Rev. A. E....Gordon Street Christian Church, Kinston, N. C. 
CrossneldiuRey, hy id cece suas ee 1610 Colonial Avenue, Norfolk, Va. 
TOWELS CONTE AVON slain eae 1313 Denniston Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Frank, Rev. R. Graham....Central Christian Church, Dallas, Texas 
Golden, Rev. John R........ 236 North Edward Street, Decatur, Ill. 
Goldner, Rev. J. H.. Euclid Avenue Christian Church, Cleveland, Ohio 
FLOOVEr AV Vg) ELA eee Fibs bon de Rae ee eI ER NeREM IE Ieee North Canton, Ohio 
Hantal Revs Ray Boece ate ivid lous First Christian Church, Lincoln, Neb. 
Idleman, Revi. Minis io je. ad 142 West 8lst Street, New York City 
Jones, Rev. Edgar D...... Central Christian Church, Detroit, Mich. 
TORS AU IRAN ee Rye sll Une Ma omen 601 R. A. Long Bldg., Kansas City, Mo. 


Main, Frank H....Pennsylvania Bldg., 15th and Chestnut Streets, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 


MecGash) ‘Pres. Ui Naini, 3 Phillips University, East Enid, Okla. 
Medbury MREV Ce Sik uaa eile University Station, Des Moines, Iowa 
Pratenardy) Rev ba iQ ena 222 Downey Avenue, Indianapolis, Ind. 
Rothenbureers VRE vi We ee UM an Re hea Springfield, Ill. 
Rode MN Waa cm I CAR Ta aay Belleaire, Ohio 
TAvIOreee TOT NAL Val! Widen on 821 Occidental Bldg., Indianapolis, Ind. 
Welle ite INCH CL Mew a 4708 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, Texas 
Wilfley, Rev. Earl .......... 1483 Harvard Street, Washington, D. C. 


Willett, Rev. Herbert L....77 West Washington Street, Chicago, Il. 


Alternates 


DAV REDE GREW iii) Ohid.c mie Rien ant ei niebol ule Mena aM Columbus, Ind. 
Kershner, Rev. F. O....263 South Audubon Road, Indianapolis, Ind. 
Morgannev. Carey Haast 325 22nd Avenue N, Nashville, Tenn. 
Borne, Rev. John: McD... 2.0.04 307 East Main Street, Lebanon, Ind. 
Bateshae res, Miner) Dore ieee oe invades duabele UE «ot aos Hiram, Ohio 
Agee, Rev. Carl.. Roosevelt Blvd. and 10th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
GobbeyoyRev. Cowulir, . iu gies Mean c skates 5 prante mene Nancie. Bethany, Neb. 
Wraite devi EMU pihaee we haies, ssh. See OE® VOTO tne exec g 
Cdackson, Vii Palmer oie hau va cn 2712 Pine Street, St. Louis, Mo. 
Melton, Rev. B. H........ 3615 McComb Avenue, Washington, D. C. 
Gordon, Rev. F. M........ 69 Schermerhorn Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Linville: Wey. Bo Hic vp eee: 3400 Copley Road, Baltimore, Md. 
Wisavaenen, Tillis, Ms eeshie kh oe 227 Richmond Avenue, Buffalo, N. Y. 
Rilew alr Gae Wo as oi 9, at 14 East 31st Street, New York City 
Lindsay Samuel) Bay ciate fee 8: 1315 Genesee Bldg., Buffalo, N. Y. 
WilliasiisipeviiM ly Wain, .o ye Rie. ca eae Carmel, N. Y. 
Winterpmercl: Boil eee 1884 East 81st Street, Cleveland, Ohio 
MaclachlaniiRev, \HaoDaiCe pi ak (OG 5 een eres Richmond, Va. 
Wiatson Revels: Morne sd eth 2223 Marin Avenue, Berkeley, Cal. 


Hunley 4 Revi iB occa od ae a Richmond, Va. 


PERSONNEL OF THE COUNCIL 355 


WVelsrmer PREV EISELE hose habla sin ask clot afe od Stars la Whe obi’ Canton, Ohio 
Batman ihe LaiGs ge. 1643 Elm Street, Youngstown, Ohio 
Goodnight’) ReviiGloydw yt 208. Pao UA ee tly Bethany, W. Va. 
Morrison, “RevirC.nGiy 22: 440 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, III. 
Philputt, Rev. A. B....1330 North Jersey Street, Indianapolis, Ind. 
Wirby (tact Miia er, re soaes os aides 43 Jewatt Parkway, Buffalo, N. Y. 
Stauffer, Rev. C. R....412 Seventh Street N.E., Washington, D. C. 
Bagman BOM ei isuidc bet ates ws 1 West 67th Street, New York City 
Friends 
aa ODE bean avgelel at ki Sk lee sail 265 Morris Bldg., Baltimore, Md. 
Woodward, Dr. Walter C...... 101 South 8th Street, Richmond, Ind. 
Wallenberg) Vel) T el AL Sta AUN Se DUR Seis En apa mom High Point, N. C. 
Stanley vnrodmimned ; wines! e'.isik 1813 University Avenue, Wichita, Kan. 
Haworth), Protesson;Samuels lo. Biv nee, Guilford College, N. C. 
Hackney, Dr. Francis C.... Volunteer Life Bldg., Chattanooga, Tenn. 
Alternates 
Piarold, . Mersan Marya... Yeu. sec 550 East Broadway, Danville, Ind. 
RAN. EU CMGCIE EMIS IN 2s. . cei olal ure iursey eh acateth «Ad Wilmington, Ohio 
COR LO APAW Let Ont sal acuia't stein hg creed mans ie nU High Point, N. C. 
WVITOT NCAR IBet De cr aa fry). Qk sae era! o PEMA ede Oskaloosa, Iowa 
Plaricn Lindieya t poge s son. it 1448 Spring Place, Washington, D. C. 
OMAP SMUD MMIM oes ia alnl of Uitte bas ons Earlham College, Earlham, Ind. 
Evangelical Synod of North America 
Baltzery Rev. vlOGMi o5e.. te ot. cie 2013 St. Louis Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 
BSYUNMS SCV EEF iss ciaa «0.» 1300 East Fayette Street, Baltimore, Md. 
POCKER REV Pree Ei. cs wale antite 2021 Milan Street, New Orleans, La. 
Horstmann, Rev. J. H..... 1716-18 Chouteau Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 
NW Sa brele Sar aigb ecto.) Ld RR een 674 South High Street, Columbus, Ohio 
BLOCREL SRE Vo UT Ge VV. sellers slats o's SayeIENIM Ss indy, «'n: «cians Steubenville, Ohio 
Niebuhr, Rev. Reinhold........ 2726 Lothrop Avenue, Detroit, Mich. 
Presa) Merges Lone le. itt 129 Bonipart Street, Webster Grove, Mo. 
Cleat: Dever 1. Ue iy os wey st 116 Lower 6th Street, Evansville, Ind. 
Evangelical Church 
Breyiogel bishop 'o. C.. 6 vlease kee 836 Center Avenue, Reading, Pa. 
DiNlans Dishonest on 11711 Cromwell Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 
DEVE, ROVE hee tare ¢ aon itis 1903 Woodland Avenue S.E., Cleveland, Ohio 
Kimmel, Dr. G. B....Pres. Evangelical Theo. Sem., Naperville, Il. 
MAZEL OISHOTY ML fends aa ae om 1924 Green Street, Harrisburg, Pa. 
en Dee st SHO La EN. ene hte ge us Bk cc ee NT Le Mars, Iowa 
SPLCHo,. BIsHOD OS. bo saee 106 Columbia Avenue, Naperville, Ill. 
Meckel, Rev. T. C...... 1903 Woodland Avenue S.E., Cleveland, Ohio 
Hangen, Rey. A. E.......; 1903 Woodland Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 
Alternates 
PLETE LORT Poe he aie ate gots 10 North Clark Street, Chicago, Il. 
Curryrev:' 10° QO. Agee rte: 122 Locust Street, Scalp Level, Pa. 
Lilly, Rev. H. C..2125 Union Street, Hamilton Park, Allentown, Pa. 
Osttothnenevv Ds Coens ee eee 1127 North Wahsatch Avenue, 


Colorado Springs, Col. 


Methodist Episcopal Church 


Anderson, Bishop W. F.......... 581 Boylston Street, Boston, Mass. 
Berhypeshop Jails... s sisters eeu oe 930 48th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Blake, Bishop Edgar.......... 4 rue Roquepine VIII, Paris, France 


Hughes, Bishop FE. H...... 58 East Washington Street, Chicago, IIl. 


356 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Jones Bishop Roberti bei acres eas. ea Box 103, Waveland, Miss. 
Leonard dBishopivAcliw eae eens 202 Morris Avenue, Buffalo, N. Y. 
McConnell, Bishop Francis J...... 524 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. 
MeéadseBishopii Cs ein ae 1839 York Street, Denver, Col. 


McDowell, Bishop W. F..2107 Wyoming Avenue, Washington, D. C. 
Nicholson, Bishop Thomas....34 E. Elizabeth Street, Detroit, Mich. 
Nuelsen, Bishop John L....Hinterbergstrasse 82, Zurich, Switzerland 


Richardson, Bishop E. G........ Ponce de Leon Avenue, Atlanta, Ga. 
‘Lhirkield bishop) Wilbur. Pusey sen au sels Chattanooga, Tenn. 
Waldorf.’ Bishop} Halo auoi is 1121 McGee Street, Kansas City, Mo. 
Wilson, Bishop Luther B......... 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Abbott, Rev. B. F....208 North mee vay Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 
Ba como evince Bass cnttuetuastry Glennie eves CoA Indianapolis, Ind. 
Beebe. Rev. TA Ay fie ie “Vernon Street, Boston, Mass. 
LS ColN MIN SU ROMS BAC EE a a 504 Whitley Avenue, New Haven, Conn. 
Boswellti Revi Me vis sk ie 20 North 50th Street, Philadelphia, ee 
Bovard, ‘Revi; W. Si.....4. 58 East Washington Street, Chicago, II. 
BrammitioRev oan ; ol gues can sae 740 Rush Street, Chicago, Ill. 
CAE Rebar Maen Gea ane ole American University, Washington, D. C. 
Conner LEV AuVV et Baan taia te Menaul The King Edward, Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Diffendorfer, Rev. Ralph E....... 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
DOWNEY, eve ie Gone ye hs ieee 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Elliott; Rev.) Georgee. 20s Vaan 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
EB leer itrg EVR OW OE raetee seeks tebe aie ane Baker University, Baldwin, Kan. 
Rorsyth); RevcD: ‘De avuiiuies Arch and 17th Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Guthrie (Rev: Charlest Hig. o iio Wena cela eitaile ls isang ge Syracuse, N. Y. 
Haven, Rev. William I...Bible House, Astor Place, New York City 
Frankhn: (Rey, DMG re se a 611 East Easton Street, Tulsa, Okla. 
Plattinan UR eve ie tae ee 581 Boylston Street, Boston, Mass. 
Pushes Rew VW ALG oie oe 1701 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Piingeley VRevn ys aie uve aaaner es 1101 Garland Bldg., Chicago, II. 
Kane (Rev IVS uM a et aU. 530 East Highland Street, Carthage, Mo. 
BSE) EVA ES OURS cote eit ac emir. ha ae AeA Winfield, Kan. 
Langdale, Rev. J. W. My uN dbibigetdaryc, 962 Sterling Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
LAP Maney. (ENS aii Gleick 321 West 3rd Street, Los Angeles, Cal. 
Madsen, Rev. H. K....3255 14th Avenue South, Minneapolis, Minn. 
Macmullen, Rev. Wallace........ 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
MEAVEGLY,  TUCVy boa Mion eisieniinnion 4 ee 420 Plum Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 
Meyer Rey ihc. ocean. 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
ET Se PEREY ES. PRs ee atisyeluly warslien are cietone Artisans Bldg., Portland, Ore. 
BNO) I So DS MI TE a ld 101 Comstock Place, Syracuse, N. Y. 
DANISH REVS Cl Unni eid Montgomery County, Hatboro, Pa. 
Murhin Revi Lo Ei aru) sae ats Boston University, Boston, Mass. 
IMHERCIN REY. Viton rect rm Gee 825 Vine Street, Chattanooga, Tenn. 
North, Rev. Frank Mason......... 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Pareingyney,. Prank’ bn ee cise 701 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Tice OB ied er ane 158 Middlesex Avenue, Medford, Mass. 
Spencer-(hev. Cj Boialed Ge 1121 McGee Street, Kansas City, Mo. 
Spencer, Rev. George H......... 12 Bosworth Street, Boston, Mass. 
Storms rev. Ay) Bis wuiauiice ih Baldwin Wallace College, Berea, Ohio 
StuantaceviiG i Mowyeites i wey oa) ee 621 Foster Street, Evanston, Il. 
Sumwalt) Revi J.’W. Ri oe... 5900 McGee Street, Kansas City, Mo. 
ik HOMNsSOne UReV:) | JON ie Asie eoadad 740 Rush Street, Chicago, IIl. 
Tipple ev B.S ola wsts Drew Theological Seminary, Madison, N. J. 
atthe spewed, Fes Bie Cae Rae i) co's lis aie lal lo bi et aha Evanston, IIl. 
Wade Regt Ro) cece «amen Bea, 740 Rush Street, Chicago, Ill. 


Wallace Rew J. Fico ein dda 524 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. 


PERSONNEL OF THE COUNCIL § - 357 


Wallenius, Rev. C. G...... Swedish Theological Sem., Evanston, III. 
Vareiiey eve a WG ien sort eee 420 Plum Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 
* Watson, Rev. E, L...... Roland Park M, E. Church, Baltimore, Md.. 
WEEGer te y ER VNR ou cle erstebidy we icwitdle’s ais ce one Greensboro, N. C. 
"WiSOt, TNs ete Wie Do cha oa American Bible Society, Atlanta, Ga. 
VINE RAY Uae ryan che aias wash anon cine ac ce «Ooe git Columbus, Ohio 
XOUNTIOO REV, Wow Wow csc aee sek Artisans Bldg., Portland, Oreg. 
AOE AVAL Giaie ole ae ire aed. 740 Rush Street, Chicago, II]. 
PSE LL SEMMRIN CNET IAES Ps tcc! od sus tecds wie! ee) date nee aces aoe Re oe Minneapolis, Minn. 
AOI SICLOI EL UPS rT a. wu sala ies dela wie aik @ o.5 eK Westerville, Ohio 
Pa a RT ee pice WY A ll a 24 East 25th Street, Baltimore, Md. 
ELM TORO TA ATIEOUCL A wie bcss.gg ace eee Welsla ee oan a's Marblehead, Mass. 
Dixon, George W.......... 426 South Fifth Avenue, Chicago, Ill. 
DRORTOUE. DREW Pa Fe ily ald > 6 7 City Hall Avenue, San Francisco, Cal. 
to SEL E id AO) Kem ep ta ale eR le A ee 52 Central Street, Gardner, Mass. 
TEITOET AL eae cw lee eistchce | 1057 Summit Avenue, North, Seattle, Wash. 
PetSCHIP Cat (CRE nto ua lor, eel tg ae 649 Broadway, Albany, N. Y. 
PIATTis sat TVVGe ce ers sees 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
PARR Lee cok use Mere, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill. 
ATS NE ee CE ek ed On 1 28, ly NRL 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Benne Ca WW ee arti 1012 A. M. B. Bldg., Jacksonville, Fla. 
BACK) SOs sks cic ny as 1105 Elm Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 
NE OSICH ATI hh Cen eee ae. 4 Vie iia ue’ cides! so se eee Baldwin, Kan. 
PORES ti Ga SLC TORU Nit ies aie-arqaree Uae Cec OMT a ae St. Louis, Mo. 
ARO VS VV trent erste ea DM rate leh tes deems Ocean City, No: 
Mister Lontube avs bse we 347 Madison Avenue, New York City 
vs RE MORES we Ba SNORE Mr Hotel Bossert, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
RCMGE VW ELLTATIN cme cool alee selene fs 20 Sargent Street, Newton, Mass. 
Sa PAN eee UE cos sual biciesratety ate 141 Broadway, New York City 
oeOp abe Caled Ah A a JL Nes dpa di a A AZ ASS ct York, Neb. 
Uae VEE Tet eg i ee 91 ney RRR ng BAD A SAE es ARNG 2 Pasadena, Cal. 


Wheeler, Harry A., Union Trust Company, 
7 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Ill. 


Methodist Episcopal Church—South 


Ainsworth, Bishop W. N. ....... 109 Hines Terrace, Macon, Ga. 
Boaz, Bishop H. A. ..... Southern M. E. University, Dallas, Texas 
Cannon, Bishop James, Jr. ...... 50 Bliss Bldg., Washington, D. C. 
Moore, Bishop Pohn Mii owas 1308 Commerce Street, Dallas, Texas 
Murrah, Bishop Ww 2B 1615 Central Avenue, Memphis, Tenn. 
Babcock, Rev. S. H. ..1820 West 17th Street, Oklahoma City, Okla. 
Bland, SOTA MAUR, SIDE CN SIU cach es Uk gnaahlae dP OU Troy, Ala. 
Branscomb, evst Ls GivGns Wega oe. First Church, Anniston, Ala. 
Bulla, Rev. C. D. ....1412 South Harvard Blvd., Los Angeles, Cal. 
Burton, POR MEE TS) OUR New as cll» siete ale ov aketn anaes Meridian, Miss. 
Campbell, Poe CRs GA a Giles ak Wek Roswell, N. Mex. 
CATteE Re a AN ORG iit rate vee ees howe Sweetwater, Tenn. 
Cockrell, Fudge J. Bsackudiy 4107 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, Texas 
COT aR ER BSD EUR ck Concord, Nac. 
Dickenson, Rev. R. E. ....First Methodist Church, Vernon, Texas 
Dickeyeairss: JP Hy a 1832 Princeton Drive, Louisville, Ky. 
Dunkle, Rev. W. F...... 1815 East Market Street, Jacksonville, Fla. 
Durhamsmey, Plato 35.0 an5 ss «cine Emory University, Atlanta, Ga. 
Hdgertonneroutt 10... . evens cae ts Lambuth Bldg., Nashville, Tenn. 
Frenchweey. 3). Se. eas 579. Broad Street, Bristol, Tenn. 
Gibson, Rev. George ............ 5614 Swiss Avenue, Dallas, Texas 
CFE OTAL EOD * 'o:5'5e'seeriets als elaine wivta a sfd o's W piaeahe Lockhart, Texas 


EL cierisvteen es RE iar + ola: d'e che ah ane ne plalacdea’ stolaeye tas Spartanburg, S. C. 


358 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE,CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Have We Ss ii ea karat a a Shelbyville, Ky. 
Henley, Rev. Curwen....451 North 15th Street, Murphysboro, Il. 
‘Hutchinson, Rev. Forney Rg a A SE Oklahoma City, Okla. 
JOUSOr aera Lee Wee ow cots et alate 409 Palmer Bldg., Atlanta, Ga. 
RNS OLEs EVs AMOS ii sa ces ul aMeykiaih S'y.o er SleRaC TESS able sce Dallas, Texas 
BOS e, REVS eat ru orem ein aaa the Excelsior Springs, Mo. 
Mellow.) HOMAS ns cn creas ks 6633 Vermont Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 
Newiial, Lire: etd y nines eye ener acres cise mst dermeee g Woodstock, Va. 
Parkers (REV. NG coe eae cea ned Emory University, Atlanta, Ga. 
Quillian, TGV WW Pinte ete are a ten ee Wesleyan College, Macon, Ga. 
PCO TOS Common ae cout aber eet mee 2403 La. Street, Little Rock, Ark. 
Robinson, MONSEOr JOC ren eee ce hen aeerae Little Rock, Ark. 
Shangle, PRO EES Sone he hE RIA oY eae Milton, Oregon 
SMM ICV. tee Cr eet yan Lariat: 736 Greene Street, Augusta, Ga. 
Teele MEM ieiiee Cor ere anette cs 810 Broadway, Nashville, Tenn. 
STG Vr Re tree ec are Giurie c mite ORS [alt tu eau rs eee A Franklin, Va. 
SET ATCOR yee eM ot tes at ace tie igre Cy.) SUC mane Ve one enna Memphis, Tenn. 
AEVGEy | UGREUNY chr t a cera alate a arate Box 434, Corsicana, Tex. 
Wallace mit oe ce Cres Upon helt s Sent eenie oet, Morehead City, N. C. 
WiatSGn, Rev. ten Ose va a cine ari 209 Franklin Park, Rosslyn, Va. 
VE AV ET Te. aa Gs cede chiar asa oct a RGR ae sae ae Corinth, Miss. 
WEDD Re Maree aw iaacag swing UC ute mine Uefa Ge icy Clarksburg, W. Va. 
Werlein, Rev. S. H...1412 South Harvard Blvd., Los Angeles, Cal. 
WIRLONE KEY. Gah De eee tees 107 North 7th Street, Paducah, Ky. 
Woodward, Rev. CU. eke s Shomer te Emory University, Ga. 


African Methodist Episcopal Church 
Ross, Bishop I. N.....1616—15th Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. 


E Tip Dele) DASTOD, |. Lo) whence aie shee ae aes 358 Houston Street, Atlanta, Ga. 
SNCIGOME REV) Fo Rar wan U eee ane Cynthia Place, Memphis, Tenn. 
Alternates 
Gaines."BishopiA. Lt os 32 1522 McCulloh Street, Baltimore, Md. 
POOR ENA CV EE err ee Oko iee ete cnet een ae rele Jacksonville, Fla. 


Johnson, Prof. A. J., care of Bishop J. S. Flipper, 
358 Houston Street, Atlanta, Ga. 


African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church 
Caldwell, Bishop Josiah S..420 South 11th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Blackwell, Bishop George L..420 So. 11th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Kyles, Bishop L. W....1612 East 14th Street, Winston-Salem, N. C. 


Lee, Bishop William D........ 450 Quincy Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Clement, Bishop George Oui aed 1633 West Jefferson Street, 
Louisville, Ky. 

Walls: Bishop: Ww Jh vik saetl 614 East 7th Street, Charlotte, N. C. 
Wallace, Bishop P. A.......... 522 Macon Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Martin, Bishop J. W....1217 West 22nd Street, Los Angeles, Cal. 
Callteus Revi Fld eis bien 310 East Clinch Street, Knoxville, Tenn. 
BrownmiuRevs WG wiaialT VA 347 Bridge Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
‘Atingnde?s Simon) Gach voy tous Slater State Normal School, 
Winston-Salem, N. C. 

RAR VER ee lt, 420 South 11th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
TAREE LOLCSSOL aN. adh sole es ete te Y. M. C. A., Atlanta, Ga. 

Colored Methodist Episcopal Church 

Phillips). Bishop .C.. H....%. . 10828 Drexel Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 
WilhamsmBishop RS. ijo0...... 912—15th Street, Augusta, Ga. 
LOTTE HeanOD Bo lc. cunt a whe mun ere Holly Springs, Miss. 


WODIAG REGU. Al. 0. 5 oo aon 8 9% 347 Madison Avenue, New York City 


_ PERSONNEL OF THE COUNCIL 359 


Brown, Rev. R. J...... Miles Memorial College, Birmingham, Ala. 
Hamlett, Bishop J. A...... .255 Middletown Street, Jackson, Tenn. 
WALK Or AR EVs) Si Ste Te 2b nls blo ence Paine College, Augusta, Ga. 
Lav Ae We A We Oats sal ssacce 717 E Street, N. E., Washington, D. C. 


S. W., Washington, D. C. 


BRoxssecoltike Ast. heya Ae 1523—20th Street, Ensley, Ala. 

Rrowtinadtevii doy esiidevele a 4912 Cedar Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 
Alternates 

Bell, Rev. William Y...... 218 West 130th Street, New York City 

TEPER EY TERI Oc oc re cee tl EAs, Springfield, Mass. 

ATLere DISHOD RAL a. chs coms 4408 Vincennes Street, Chicago, II. 

POL EED PE EGLS Gauls is ord aks. beeiele'e oie Lane College, Jackson, Tenn. 

MRT VY ie UN ly Ste Sah ss thal aia alc ere tatalie gia RMMRML LER aE Hele tana HE Atlanta, Ga. 
Methodist Protestant Church 

Lewis nevi ly Hees. 2844 Wisconsin Avenue, Washington, D. C. 


Moravian Church 
deSchweinitz, Rev. Paul...67 West Church Street, Bethlehem, Pa. 


Moenca Kt Nevis, Live ls deh. eos 116 South Virginia Avenue, 

Atlantic City, N. J. 

Romig, Rev. John S........ 1416 Euclid Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. 

ROMUtHAler, Res NOV. LLAWard. . viuleiis + de snsie Winston-Salem, N. C. 
Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A. 

Stevenson, | Reyiiji iRossiye 0, Princeton Theological Seminary, 


Princeton, N. J. 
Mudge, Rev. Lewis S....514 Witherspoon Bldg., Philadelphia, Pa, 
Black, Rev. William H....Missouri Valley College, Marshall, Mo. 
Hill; Revs, mdgar se 2... 825 Witherspoon Bldg., Philadelphia, Pa. 
Marquis, Rev. John A.......... 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Mendenhall, Rev. Harlan G.....449 Park Avenue, New York City 
Merrill, Rev. William P.....112 East 36th Street, New York City 
Swearingen, Rev. Henry C....... House of Hope, St. Paul, Min. 
Vance, Rev. Joseph A..First Presbyterian Church, Detroit, Mich. 
Walker, Rev. Hugh K..2642 Van Buren Place, Los Angeles, Cal. 


Finney, onnaM ais cit kan 1300 Eutaw Place, Baltimore, Md. 
196 Watts OMT chk dal «doe viv wotenc rae Meee ehorelkts oinienainn Nashville, Tenn. 
NEE COSMET LGM) A bios Sel ates 1544 Oliver Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Moore) Nathan .G...8 .sanaaeeanies » Exchange Bldg., Chicago, II. 
SOCEr lat. Obert. Foisalas a ales ale 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
MM CRADDIT, IRC V.. “VV Ullatih i. elation cele: Lane Theological Seminary, 
Walnut Hill, Cincinnati, O. 

Hartley, Rev. Reuben H............ 1409 Park Row, La Jolla, Cal. 
Kerr, Rev.. Hugh Te... 20. 827 Amberson Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Elmore uReyiil. Avot. jel sks 153 Pine Street, Chattanooga, Tenn. 
Reynolds, Rev. George..33 Pintard Avenue, New Rochelle, N. Y. 
Seitiniicews ah. on ti oad ate oo ai 2009 North New Jersey Street, 
Indianapolis, Ind. 

Stone, Rev. John T........ 126 East Chestnut Street, Chicago, II. 
WVishaermey. CHArles cP ines se cebu k heies So )s0 oameuln Wooster, Ohio 


Macartney, Rev. Clarence E....Arch Street Presbyterian Church, 

Philadelphia, Pa. 
Taylor, Rev. W. R....121 North Fitzhugh Street, Rochester, N. Y. 
Hays, Regis, Coos! t.< First Presbyterian Church, Johnstown, Pa. 
Radcliffe, Rev. Wallace. .1675—3lst St., N. W., Washington, D. C. 
Rogers, Rev. Henry C.....2008 Linwood Blvd., Kansas City, Mo. 


360 | FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Chapman; Rev. We Yau eis 46 Beach Street, Bloomfield, N. J. 
‘Herrick, Dr. Cheesman A...... Girard. College, Philadelphia, Pa. 
# Steitter,! Bernard (Coo. es... 1631 Eutaw Place, Baltimore, Md. 
A S¥NAOtE ee oma We ee oe, Wenonah, New Jersey 
Williamson), O; Rivi.t. 509 South Wabash Avenue, Chicago, IIl. 
' Agnew, George B. ......... 121 East 69th Street, New York City 
Manson, John T....First National Bank Bldg., New Haven, Conn. 
Loess) Neo aR Lk 3608. Jackson Street, Omaha, Neb. 
FAVS WY LL ELS Vora isola Webs 522 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Bryana Hons wilham: Pennings eno a ipa Miami, Florida 
CE NIGH eSe VED CEOS EIEN, HAND ete 131 State Street, Trenton, N. J. 
CROOGMICH A ATIOS rey waht Mean bly wipe mule ean Winchester, Indiana 
Alternates 
Alexander, Rev. George ..... 47 University Place, New York City 
Russell,, Rev. Daniel ....... 242 West 73rd Street, New York City 
Jennings, Rev. William Beatty. .6012 Greene St., Germantown, Pa. 
* Curry, Rev..W. M....... 842 South 57th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Kelso. Revi TamesiAci uo. 725 Ridge Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Jones, Rev. William A. ...... 136 Orchard Street, Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Broady, Rev. J. M....1809 Fifth Avenue, North, Birmingham, Ala. 
Hulbert) Rev Gil u tie 1316 Park Avenue, Baltimore, Md. 
' Candee, Rev. Charles L...... 1141 Erie Avenue, Wilmington, Del. 
‘Wood, Rev. Charles..... 2110 S Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. 
RAO Eye i VV Teun sins elcmeieiny Shte Ceiuatee Wala a ale les San Anselmo, Cal. 
MacInnis, Rev. John M..536 South Hope Street, Los Angeles, Cal. 
Boyle, Rev. W. H. Wray..... 1650 Sherman Street, Denver, Colo. 
ClarkenRenvAw SuGisg ode ween 917 Forest Avenue, Evanston, Ill. 
ZETLOR SA Ce DOU UNE OT Ne ed 2 Chalmers Street, Chicago, II. 
‘Haines, Rev. M. L.....1408 North Penn Street, Indianapolis, Ind. 
McKean eva Prank) Coe aaa Ce im nn ul Ps ata Spokane, Wash. 
EStey eva ilieee ulti ats 819 Harrison Street, Topeka, Kans. 
ante, VRE We eed Ne aan 1314 Kresge Bldg., Detroit, Mich. 


Work, Rev. Edgar..4614 Fieldston Rd., Riverdale on Hudson, N. Y. 
Cherry, Rev. C. Waldo...315 North Front Street, Harrisburg, Pa. 
Bushnell, Rev. John E...Westminster Church, Minneapolis, Minn. 
Fulton, Rev. S. Alfred...1603 East 9th Street, Des Moines, Iowa 
Wilson, Rev. James M....4906 Underwood Avenue, Omaha, Neb. 


Watson, Rev. Robert........ 36 Queensbury Street, Boston, Mass. 
AGGD OL RCV: EDEN ME .e 0’ pele ate we 1103 Mary Street, Elizabeth, N. J. 
MeMillin, RevillBiyNe. ss (cuss 2238 Park Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 
Zorbaugh, Rev. Charles L..801 Hippodrome Bldg., Cleveland, Ohio 
abbey i, aie hace aU eta a Englewood, New Jersey 
Skilling, Rev. David M...... 226 Spring Road, Webster Grove, Mo. 
Bracieyvsi Ls) Hw power, Jae 19 South La Salle Street, Chicago, IIl. 
Pollansbee WON: oe yori. Follansbee Bros. Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Baer, John Willis ...... Pacific S. W. Trust and Savings Bank, 

Pasadena, Cal. 
meverance, (fon Linn des veces ...-480 The Arcade, Cleveland, Ohio 
Vataimnuames: Ny tei Mr ie i den 66 Broadway, New York City 
WV SPEEA YE Lc id silica tad ula wel Ws ante bint id oh RRR 2 Buffalo, N. Y. 
Wallacear. (P. LiGi bul) lem tumtal eebine alee automa cian Des Moines, Iowa 
McInnes, Walter .......... 3713 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Lansing, Hon. Robert ........ 8 Jackson Place, Washington, D. C. 


Johnston, Robert ......... 5111 Raymond Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 


PERSONNEL OF THE COUNCIL 361 


Presbyterian Church in the U. S. 


PIO LOM FAs DE SS, ec eee Rau Wana itn MRT LL NN Chien! Siig 
Campbell, Rev. R. F... First Presbyterian Church, Asheville, N.C, 

- Campbell, Rev. W. S, Editor Presbyterian of the South, 3910 
Seminary Avenue, Richmond, Va. 


Chester, Rev. S. H... 0c... 156 Fifth Avenue, N., Nashville, Tenn. 
Crowe, Rev. William ......... 5625 Gates Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 
ULE PIS CY, Aly bes 0 a sium dork 1730 Glenwood Place, Memphis, Tenn. 
Everett, Hon. Willis M......... Ponce de Leon Apt., Atlanta, Ga. 
Hutton, Rev. J. B.....First Presbyterian Church, Jackson, Miss. 
BPA Pe WOU Lele tao sa wixalsares cault Huntington Presbyterian Church 

Huntington, W. Va. 
BARI eV ey Ter EA. oko wr atte a anne Box 775, Jacksonville, Fla. 
DMGEIOTIGAL OC Wer CELE css vee cael oie dae tele talee dic Jackson, Tenn. 
BRGINGID ICON Ui ba Pose e ls slot ieee Jacksonville Presbyterian Church, 


Jacksonville, Fla. 
Storey, Rev. G. T...Bay City Presbyterian Church, Bay City, Tex. 
~ Summey, Rev. George ....3002 De Soto Street, New Orleans, La. 
Vance, Rev. James I...... 154 Fifth Avenue, N, Nashville, Tenn. 
Van Lear, Rev. John.First Presbyterian Church, Little Rock, Ark, 


A lternates 


Bova Reve Ci Mw .,:. First Presbyterian Church, Tuscaloosa, Ala. 
Caldwell, Rev. W. L....... Woodland Street Presbyterian Church, 

Nashville, Tenn. 
Clark} Revo’ Melton ee es. Columbia Theological Seminary 

Columbia, S. C. 
DENS stot Cocylh ae 0 01 NS CULT A Pe a ea RUG SAR Sanford, Fla. 
Dar Bosem Rewickis (Woe le Spartanburg Presbyterian Church, 


Spartanburg, S. C. 
Glasgow, Rev. S. M..First Presbyterian Church, Knoxville, Tenn. 
PAM COM EER sere eke a sae awit lee ate relaatel ats tas San Antonio, Texas 
PACE ACO eee SLs ea lor aa ste: ola eat e wibih wisle'e ate c Winchester, Va. 
McMillan, Rev. Homer..Room 613—101 Marietta St., Atlanta, Ga. 
Miller, Hon. E. T..Law Dept.—St. Louis, San Francisco Railway 


REL ESCCHESUIIICLINI eu SEC nate Ue Nhs Bs CA St. Louis, Mo. 
Ogden, Rev. D. H.....Government Street Presbyterian Church, 
Mobile, Ala. 

RGDSSTSOM REV i bcos ure Ge iditin blo alate OTs he ale Shelbyville, Tenn. 
Smith, Rev. E. E.....First Presbyterian Church, Owensboro, Ky. 
Thompson, Rev. Ernest......... Charleston Presbyterian Church, 
Charleston, W. Va. 

AVieleneWVitiCalvitt jin eles Saeie oR cl ewss.cis'c a ste elem a Jackson, Miss. 


Wells, Rev. J. M..Columbia Theological Seminary, Columbia, S. C. 
Primitive Methodist 


SIMNGIOE! RCV Esta cle vielenie ea Se ulenihe s Billerica Center, Mass. 
Pia Paraeie |) Rew.) LON Rises sae tlic nas o ee'emakttnials Platteville, Wis. 
OU RMOEE Ode NV adic cee cht x ira'e ls ches 6p a luleret baie a Hos Olyphant, Pa. 
COP ECR is 40s isals cee uaahbate 35 Shepherd Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Alternates 
Proudeiey.\ John. ..cceseehees. 1313 Union Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Nicholls, Rev. S. T....2609 West Lehigh Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Brierley, Tom ..... eg! 464 Coggeshall Street, Fall River, Mass. 


AdamsstBys. cok eet 358 East Northampton Street, Wilkes-Barre, Pa. 


362 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE’ CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Protestant Episcopal Commission on iene Unity and Depart- 
ment of Christian Social Service 


Talbot, Rt. Rev. Ethelbert. .825 Delaware ae S. Bethlehem, Pa. 
Darlington, Rt. Rev. James H..321 No. Front St., Harrisburg, Pa, 


Birckhead, Rev. Hugh.......... Emmanuel Church, Baltimore, Md. 
Gilbert, Rev. Charles K....416 Lafayette Street, New: York City 
Lathtop, Rey Ge’ Nees 281. Fourth Avenue, New York City 
. Mann, Rt. Rev. Alexander...... 325 Oliver Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. 
~ Washburn, Very Rev. Henry B..3 Mason St., Cambridge, Mass. 
Glenn. Ton Ma pon i 130 East 22nd Street, New York City 
RIMIERISH EA I SNESUILCOTL, cetevedey tock otelai cts 32 Nassau Street, New York City 
‘Brent, Rt. Rev. Charles H...... 237 North Street, Buffalo, N. Y. 


Bowie, Rev. W. Russell..Grace Episcopal Church, 802 Broadway, 
New York City 


Guerry, Rt. Rev. William Alexander.............. Bishop’s Office, 
Charleston, S. C. 
_Fosbroke, Very Rev. Hughell E. W......... General Theological 


Seminary, New York City 

Freeman, Rt. Rev. James E.. . _Bishop’s House, Cathedral Close, 
. Washington, D. C 

Robbins, Very Rev. Howard C...Cathedral of St. John the Divine, 
* New York City 


oi CIOL Maha iets ie il Le Leighton Road, Wellesley, Mass. 
‘., Sargent, Mrs. G. P. T....306 State St., S. E., Grand Rapids, Mich. 
‘Stirs Lacy oo ieaur hie tae ‘,.66 Marlborough Street, Boston, Mass. 

Pa WITOLOte ee im evn ED DOU rba nt MOM Man io aa LOG uta Kensington, Md. 
Rimerolday Giorida niga un ioe etbuilite tate fatal a ie atc Knoxville, Tenn. 
Goodwin, Rev. W. A. .R.......;....... William and Mary College, 

Williamsburg, Va. 
Alternates . 

PCAN ONE Mee NAA creas erate & aie 281 Fourth Avenue, New York City 
Brackett, Dr. Jeffrey R..220 Marlborough Street, Boston, Mass. 
Carpenter, Mildred............ 281 Fourth Avenue, New York City 
Thomas, Rt. Rev. Nathaniel S...... Ivinson Hall, Laramie, Wyo. 
Wise RtauNev., PAMES. Ma ey evn Bishop’s House, Topeka, Kans. 
Page, Rt. Rev. Herman....63 East Hancock Ave., Detroit, Mich. 
INagsniinev. IN. Bis iae. egos Ue ee 6 Phillips Place, Cambridge, Mass. 
Clark, Rev. W. J. Loaring....281 Fourth Avenue, New York City 
Moulton, Rt. Rev. Arthur W.......... 444 East Ist South Street, . 


Salt Lake City, Utah 
Bratton, Rt. Rev. Theodore DuBose..Battle Hill, Jackson, Miss. 


Nelson, Rev. Frank H...... 318 East Fourth St., Cincinnati, Ohio 
Whitmore, Rev. Holmes...... St. Paul’s Church, Milwaukee, Wis. 
Barber Courtenay...... 122 South Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IIl. 
iene ie. Cle ire bas same 75 Conant Avenue, Detroit, Mich. 
TACMAATIS LOUIS Coeur ed oe a ee ie dae ....Indianapolis, Ind. 
Waterworth, James A..14 N. Kings Highway Blvd., St. Louis, Mo. 
Nearer. Vv arretcccac eee P. O. Box 206, New Orleans, La. 
Sindee ice Lancs ai a oe ae lt 318 East 4th Street, Cincinnati, O. 
Hono eeayy,. Ovscaeer eee aes 260 South 4th Street, Columbus, O. 
Coen hear A i ee eh ek PIPL ie caer’ North Adams, Mass. 
Wiastieie? My ia, Sa Se ik i Ce, Harrisburg, Pa. 


Melish, Rev. J. Howard..126 Pierrepont Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
EnehsheHe DD. Woe warez 7110 Thomas. Blvd., Pittsburgh, Pa. 


PERSONNEL OF ‘THE COUNCIL } 363 


Reformed Church in America 


COWES, IRCY.50,U WW ke sb cecbe wtam ea tes North Bergen, New Jersey 
Vennema, Rev. Ame ..............11 Reid Avenue, Passaic, N. J. 
Voorhees, Rev. O. M....... 145 West 55th Street, New York City 
SECLEM REVEL Cobbs okie wis oats sa heiahaliicna aaa teee tL Kingston, New York 
Kuizenga, Rev. John E........ 4 East 14th Street, Holland, Mich. 
Lenington, Rev. G. C......... 25 East 22nd Street, New York City 
Dykstra, Rev. John A...... 231 Lyons Street, Grand Rapids, Mich. 
Alternates 
EGU LL alge ca S19 afi a Bt B OD SCOR IUAD ee mae TON ns tle Se ade ph Claverack, N. Y. 
PERS CT Sere. PST OTTY ier sa oc head el uigw on b he een Holland, Mich. 
OWES RIO ee Ea ote ache oe 6 a weal an ed Mt. Vernon, N. Y. 
PP OTIMSOM TT ERCCUS ATLIIUE® 6. o55 succes wbuisge de sais owls Hackensack, N. J. 
TOs Ce ar aA DOLE 1a, % mis nwie's 34 Maple Avenue, Warwick, N. Y. 
Harmeling, Rev. Henry........ 24 East 107th Street, Chicago, III. 


Broek, Rev. Albertus T...137 South 6th Street, Mt. Vernon, N..Y 


Reformed Church in the U. S. 
Term expires 1925 


' Schaeffer, Rev. Ci Eu... 5: 15th and Race Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Apple, Rev. PELL ON ee ree See ae eae eee Oe es Lancaster, Pa. 
Christman, Rev.: H. fi. 5 ile Ra ..15 Seminary Avenue, Dayton, O. 
Miller, Rev. R. WESWSS. 15th and Race Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. 


Darms, Rev. J. M. G.....Mission House College, Plymouth, Wis. 


~ . Term expires 1928 
Parsley sbarey ics a: 1928 North 6th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 


Leinbach, Rev. Paul S....15th and Race Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Herman, Reva lakeoin'?.: 556 West James Street, Lancaster, Pa. 
Brown, Peavitigt ic ea 514 Lexington Avenue, Dayton, O. 
Miller, Rev. C. E..... eed by nana tee Heidelberg University, Tiffin, O. 
Cramer, OV Woda then ns 44 East Orange Street, Lancaster, ’Pa, 


Reformed Episcopal Church 
Mason, Rev. Thomas J....5140 North Kimball Ave., bia: Ill, 
Peach; Bishop Robert WY ake: 271 Parker Street, Newark, Ney! 
Rudolph, Bishop Robert L..103 South 36th St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
Freemantle, Rev. William A....1617 Oxford St., Philadelphia, Pa. 


Alternates - 
Kearney, Rev. Joseph.......... BO Boxslvo, Summerville, ne he 
Sonne, Rev. Edward J......... ,..0952 Yale Avenue, Chicago, IIl. 
Collins, Rev. R. W. Russell....335 Orange Road. Montclair, N. J. 
Pittman, Rev. Charles...... 321 East 50th Street, New York City 

Seventh Day Baptist Churches. | 
Bond Rev... A). Goiseess ...511 Central Avenue, Plainfield, N. 1p 
Whitford, President Alfred E........ Milton College, Milton, Wis. 
Davis, President Boothe C,....... Alfred University, Alfred, N. Y. 


Main, Dean Arthur E..Alfred Theological Seminary, Alfred, N. Y. 
United Brethren in Christ © 


Batatiinetamed ss ik: ces. sae hes 711 North 2nd Street, Harrisburg, Pa. 
Bell) Bishop, W.. M....:.asskons 1509 State Street, Harrisburg, Pa. 
Cal relia Se! ii os. oc see ela ti soe aks waa aaa ... Swanton, Neb: 
Clippinger, Bishop A. R......... 1602 Grand Avenue, Dayton, O. 
Clinnincer ney, VV... , (xs.25 basis ale ks ah beteinekis asain Westerville, O. 
Fout, Bishop’ H. H...........800 Middle Drive, Woodruff Place, 


Indianapolis, Ind. 


364 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


FPankit Reve Wa Re ee ae ay a 1430 U. B. Bldg., Dayton, Ohio 
Hough; Revi Si Sone. con 415 Otterbein Press Bldg., Dayton, Ohio 
Kephart, Bishop C, J...... 3936 Harrison Street, Kansas City, Mo. 
WTEC etd Dy bh AM al ad 418 Otterbein Press Bldg., Dayton, Ohio 
Ware Presbyterian Church 
Brerveyin ey Hl. Liye wre a 8815 86th Street, Woodhaven, L. I. 
HUCHISON REV UAe oe we 703 Publication Bldg., Pittsburgh, as 
McGill, Revit Bete aw 317 Home Avenue, Bellevue, Pa. 
Marlin: Revivhiv Hcy coos d eae thee pens R.F.D. 9, New Castle, Pa. 
Mootcomerysi Revol) Knox yo lide as ten New Concord, Ohio 
Tate n ReEvotl. CLOWALG vlack bis 568 54th Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
WISKBELGUMEWERMV A tory cutie ee 2333 Perrysville Avenue, N. S. 


Pittsburgh, Pa. 


EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 
Chairman 
BisHop JOHN M. MOooreE.......... 1308 Commerce Street, Dallas, Tex. 
Vice-Chairmen 
Rev. CLARENCE A. Barzour....300 Alexander Street, Rochester, N. Y. 


REVOHN  DALTZER. Us ee east 2013 St. Louis Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 

Revi bi deo WALLIAMS sicouaule ane. 3115 S. Park Avenue, Chicago, IIl. 
Recording Secretary 

REV. VRIVINGTON Ds (LORD PUN eM Oe ees edie ee ela Hotel Mohawk 


Washington and Greene Avenues, Brooklyn, N. Y. 


Members by Virtue of Article 9, Section C, of the Constitution 


Bishop E. R. Hendrix, 3242 Norledge Place, Kansas City, Mo. 

Dean Shailer Mathews, University of Chicago, Chicago, III. 

Rey. Frank Mason North, 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City 

Rev. S. Parkes Cadman, 64 Jefferson Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. 

Rey. Rivington D. Lord, Hotel Mohawk, Washington and Greene Ave- 
nues, Brooklyn, N. Y. 

Frank H. Mann, Union Mortgage Co., 60 Broadway, New York City 


Denominational Members 


Northern Baptist Convention 
Principals 
Rey. R. A. Ashworth, 45 Bayley Avenue, Yonkers, N. Y. 
Rev. Alfred Williams Anthony, 105 E. 22nd Street, New York City 
Mrs. W. A. Montgomery, 144 Dartmouth Street, Rochester, N. Y. 
Rev. Howard B. Grose, 276 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Rev. Albert G. Lawson, Meredith, N. Y. 


_ Alternates 
Prof. W. H. Allison, Hamilton, N. Y. 
Rev. G. N. Brink, 1701 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Mrs. W. S. Abernethy, 715 16th Street, Washington, D. C. 
Pres. C. D. Gray, Lewiston, Me. 
Rev. H. J. White, Hartford, Conn. 


_ National Baptist Convention 

Principals 
Rev. W. H. Jernagin, 1341 3rd Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. 
H. W. Holloway, Box 287, Helena, Ark. 


PERSONNEL OF THE COUNCIL | 365 


Dr. A. M. Townsend, 412 Fourth Avenue, Nashville, Tenn. 

Rev. I. A. Thomas, 1717 Benson Avenue, Evanston, Ill. 

Rev. L. K. Williams, 3101 South Park Avenue, Chicago, III. 
- Rev. Thomas H. White, 456 York Street, Jersey City, N. J. 

Rev. J. W. Goodgame, 1533 Sixth Avenue, Birmingham, Ala. 

Prof. J. D. Crenshaw, 417 Fourth Avenue, Nashville, Tenn. 


Alternates 
‘Rev. A. D. Williams, 383 Auburn Avenue, Atlanta, Ga. 
Rev. E. W. D. Isaac, 409 Gay Street, Nashville, Tenn. 
Hon. Charles M. Roberson, Shrevesport, La. 
Rev. M. W. D. Norman, 1933 13th Street, N.W., Washington, D, C) 
Rev. A. A. Cosey, 1407 Farmer Street, Vicksburg, Miss. 
Rev. E. B. Topp, 58 Cohea Street, Jackson, Miss. 
Rev. R. M. Caver, 700 W. 9th Street, Little Rock, Ark. 
Rev. A. M. Johnson, 308 W. California Street, Oklahoma City, Okla. 


Free Baptist Churches 
Principals 


Hon. Carl E. Milliken, Custom House, Portland, Me. 
Pres. Joseph W. Mauck, Hillsdale, Mich. 


Alternates 


Rey. Alfred Williams Anthony, 105 E. 22nd Street, New York City 
Rev. Thomas H. Stacy, Sandwich Center, N. H. 


Christian Churches 
Principals 
Rev. Martyn Summerbell, Lakemont, N. Y. 
Rev. J. O. Atkinson, Elon College, N. C. 


Churches of God in North America (General Eldershtp) 
Principals 
Rev. H. R. Lobb, Shippensburg, Pa. 
Rev. L. A. Luckenbill, Columbia City, Ind. 


Alternates 


Rev. C. A. Byler, Conrad, Ia. 
Rev. F. O. Eaken, West Newton, Pa. 


Congregational Churches 
Principals 
Rev. Charles E. Burton, 287 Fourth Avenue, New York City 
Rev. R. H. Potter, Center Church House, Hartford, Conn. 
Rev. W. H. Day, 25 Court Street, Bridgeport, Conn. 
Rev. F. L. Fagley, 289 Fourth Avenue, New York City 


Alternates 
W. B. Davis, 327 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, O. 
Rolfe Cobleigh, 14 Beacon Street, Boston, Mass. 


Disciples of Christ 
Principals 
Rev. Peter Ainslie, 504 N. Fulton Avenue, Baltimore, Md. 
Rev. B. A. Abbott, 2712 Pine Street, St. Louis, Mo. 
Rev..C.-H. Winders, VWoIMs C.:A) Building, Indianapolis, Ind. 
Rey. A. E. Cory, Gordon Street Christian Church, Kinston, N. C. 
Rey. C. C. Morrison, 440 S. Dearborn Street, Chicago, Tih. 


366 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Alternates 
Rev. L. O. Bricker, First Christian Church, Atlanta, Gat 
E. M. Bowman, 1 W. 67th Street, New York City 
Rev. Geo. A. Campbell, Union Ave. Christian Chabot St. Louis, Mo. 
L. E. Rogers, 1128 Healey Place, Atlanta, Ga. 
E. E, Linthecum, Linthecum Tube Co., Birmingham, Ala. 


Friends 
Principals 


Dr. Walter C. Wiedwrard. 101 S. 8th ‘Street, Richmond, Ind. 
Prof. Samuel Haworth, Guilford College, is gy erk 


Altereetes 


President J. Edwin Jay, Wilmington, O. 
Clara I. Cox; High Point, N. C. 


Pucane neat Ss ynod of N orth America 
Principals 


Rev. John Baltzer, 2013 St. Louis Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 
Rev. Reinhold Niebuhr, 2726 Lothrop Avenue, Detroit, Mich. 
Rev. D. Bruning, 1300 E. Fayette Street, Baltimore, Md. 


Alternates 


~ Rev. J. Horstmann, 7 iz Chonkeah Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 
Rev. A. H. Becker, 2021 Milan Street, New Orleans, se 
Rev. C. W. Locher, Steubenville, O. 


Evangelical Church 
Principals Nhe ay . 
Bishop S. C. Breyfogel, 836 Center Avenue, Reading, Pa. 
Bishop M. ‘T. Maze, 1924 Green Street, Harrisburg; Pa. 


Alternates 


Bishop S. P. Spreng, 106 Columbia te Naperville, Ill. 
F. W. Ramsey, 7609 Platt Avenue, Cleveland, O. 


Methodist Episcopal Church 
Principals 


Bishop W. F. McDowell, 2107 Weegee Avenue, ia erin et Ie Gt 
Bishop Thomas Nicholson, 34 E. Elizabeth Street, Chicago, III. 
Bishop A. W. Leonard, 202 Morris Avenue, Buffalo, INGee 

Rev.’ R. J. Wade, 740 Rush Street, Chicago, Til. 

Rev. ‘Ralph E. Diffendorfer, 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Rev. William I. Haven, Bible House, Astor Place, New York City 
E. H. Cherrington, Westerville, O. 

Dr. A. W. Harris, 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City 

Dr. John R. Mott, 347 Madison Avenue, New York City 

Pres. Ezra S. Tipple, Drew Theological Seminary, Madison, N. J. 
Dr. James R. Joy, 150° Fifth Avenue, New York City 


Methodist Episcopal Church, South 
Principals 4 | 
Bishop John M. Moore, 1308 Commerce Street, Dallas, Tex. 
Bishop James Cannon, jr., 50 Bliss Building, Washington, D. C. 
E. Frank Story, Franklin, Va 
Rev. L. C. Branscomb, First Church, Anniston, Ala. 


PERSONNEL OF THE: COUNCIL .. 367 


Rey. J. S. French, 579 Broad Street, Bristol; Tenn.. © | 
Mrs. Luke Johnson, 409 Palmer Building, Atlanta, Ga. 
Mrs. H. R. Steele, 810 Broadway, Nashville, Tenn. 


Alternates 
Rev. G. B. Winton, 107 N. 7th Street, Paducah, Ky. 
ii ).Rev. M. L. Burton, Meridian, Miss. 

Rev. Plato Durham, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga. 
Thomas Mellow, 6633 Vernon Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. 
Bishop W. N. Ainsworth, 109 Hines Terrace, Macon, Ga. 
Rev. F. N. Parker, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga. 
Mrs. J. H. Dickey, 1832 Princeton Drive, Louisville, Ky. 


African Methodist Episcopal Church 

Principals 
Bishop A. L. Gaines, 1522 McCulloh Street, Baltimore, Md. 
Rev. C. P. Cole, 50 Putnam Avenue, Brooklyn, N? 'Y.. 
Prof. J. R. Hawkins, 1541 14th Street, N.W., bi eattechee D. C. . 

Alternates 
Bishop Reverdy C. Ransom, 1721 Scovel Street, Nashville, Tenn. 
Rev. R. H. Ward, Atlanta, Ga. 
Rev. A. J. Wilson, 308 N. 6th Street, Wilmington, aT Gea 


African Methodist Episcopal Zion C hurch 
Principals 

Bishop George C. Clement, 1633 W. Jefferson Street, Louisville, Ky. 

Rev. Henry J. Callis, 310 E. Clinch Avenue, Knoxville, .Tenn. 

Bishop J. W. Martin, 1217 W. 22nd Street, Los Angeles, Calif. 
Alternates 

Rev. W. C. “Brown, 347 Bridge Street, Brooklyn, N. ws 

Prof. W. J. Trent, Butler Street Y. M. C. A., Atlanta, Ga. 

Bishop W. J. Walls, 614 E. 7th Street, Charlotte, N..C. 


Colored Methodist Episcopal C hurch 
Principals 


Bishop R. A. Carter, 4408 Vincennes Avenue, Chicago, III. 
Bishop C. H. Phillips, 10828 Drexel Avenue, Cleveland, O. 
Rev. L. H. Brown, 4912 Cedar Avenue, Cleveland, O. 


Alternates 


Rev. G. L. Word, Fairfield, Ala. 
Rev. N. L. Smith, 4404 Indiana Avenue, Chicago, III. 
Rev. A. W. Womack, 2009 St. Aubin Street, Detroit, Mich. 


Methodist Protestant Church 
Principal 
'' Rev. T. H. Lewis, 2844 Wisconsin Avenue, Washington, D.C. | 


' Moravian Church 
Principals 
Rev. Paul deSchweinitz, 67 W. Church Street, Bethlehem, Pa. 


Elmer Galloway, Bowery Branch Y. M. Ye A., 8 E. 3rd Street, New 
York City 


368 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A. 
Principals ~' 
Rev. J. Ross Stevenson, Princeton, N. J. 
Rev. William H. Black, Missouri Valley College, Marshall, Mo. 
Rev. Joseph A. Vance, First Presbyterian Church, Detroit, Mich. 
Rey. Henry C. Swearingen, House of Hope Presbyterian Church, 
St. Paul, Minn. 
Dr. Robert, E. Speer, 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City 


Alternates 
Rev. E. P. Hill, 825 Witherspoon Building, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Rev. John A. Marquis, 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Rev. Lewis S. Mudge, Witherspoon Building, Philadelphia, Pa. . 
Rev. William P. Merrill, 112 E. 36th Street, New York City 
Dr. J. M. F. Finney, 1300 Eutaw Place, Baltimore, Md. 


Presbyterian Church in the U. S. 
Principals 


Rev. James I. Vance, 154 Fifth Avenue N., Nashville, Tenn. 
Rev. W. S. Campbell, Richmond, Va. 


Primitive Methodist Church 
Principals 
Rev. Elijah Humphries, Billerica Center, Mas 
Rev. S. T. Nicholls, 2609 W. Lehigh 7 AES * Philadelphia, Pa. 
Alternates 


Rev. W. U. Russell, 313 E. Juniper Street, Hazleton, Pa. 
Rev. W. B. Taylor, 443 High Street, Lonsdale, R. I. 


Protestant Episcopal Commission on Christian Umity and Department of 
Christian Soctal Service 
Principals 
Rt. Rev. Ethelbert Talbot, South Bethlehem, Pa. 
Rt. Rev. G. A. Beecher, Hastings, Neb. 
John M. Glenn, 130 E. 22nd Street, New York City 


Reformed Church in America 
Principals 
Rev. I. W. Gowen, North Bergen, N. J. 
Rev. Albertus T. Broek, 137 S. Sixth Avenue, Mt. Vernon, N. Y. 
Alternates 


Rev. John A. Dykstra; 231 Lyons Street, Grand Rapids, Mich. 
Rev. Ame Vennema, 11 Reid Avenue, Passaic, N. J. 


Reformed Church in the U. S. 
Principals 
Rev. Charles E. Schaeffer, 15th and Race Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Rev. H. J. Christman, 15 Seminary Avenue, Dayton, O. 
Rev. W. Stuart Cramer, 44 E. Orange Street, Lancaster, Pa. 
Alternates 
Rev. T. F. Herman, 556 W. James Street, Lancaster, Pa. 
Franklin P. Brown, 514 Lexington Avenue, Dayton, O 
Rev. J. M. G. Darms, Mission House College, Plymouth, Wis. 


_ PERSONNEL OF THE COUNCIL nie 369 


Reformed Episcopal ‘Church © 
Principals 
“Bishop Robert L. Rudolph, 103 S. 36th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Bishop Robert W. Peach, 271 Parker Street, Newark, N. Je 
~ Alternates 
~ Rev. E. J. Sonne, 6552 Yale Avenue, Chicago, Ill. 
Rev. William A. Freemantle, 1617 Oxford Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Seventh Day Baptist Churches 
Principals 
Rev. Arthur E. Main, Alfred Theological Seminary, Alfred, N. o 4: 
*Rev. Ahva J. C. Bond, 511 Central Avenue, Plainfield, N. J. 
Alternates . 
Pres. Boothe C. Davis, Alfred University, Alfred, N. Y. 
Pres. Alfred E. Whitford, Milton College, Milton, Wis. 
United Brethren in Christ 
Principals 


H. H. Baish, Harrisburg, Pa. 

Rev. S. S. Hough, 1430 U. B. Building, Dayton, O. 

Bishop H. H. Fout, 800 Middle Drive, Woodruff Place, Indianapolis, 
Ind. 


Alternates 
. Rev. H. F. Shupe, Btterbein Press Building, Dayton, O. 
A. B. Statton, Hagerstown, Md. 
Mrs. Albert Keister, Scottdale, Pa. 
United Presbyterian Church 
Principals 
Rev. R. A. Hutchison, 703 Publication Building, Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Rev. W. I. Wishart, 2333 Perrysville Avenue, N. S., Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Alternates 


Rey. J. L. Hervey, 8815 86th Street, Woodhaven, L. I., N. Y. 
Rev. J. Howard Tate, 568 54th Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 


ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE 


Chairman 
Rev. JoHN A. MARQUIS.........-- 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Vice-Chairmen 
Rev. JoHN W. LANGDALE......... 962 Sterling Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Mrs. JouHn W. FERGUSON.......... 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Cranes: S; CROSMAN 8 ad culealec 225 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Recording Secretary 
REV RRIVINGTON )L): clcORDU a aa Usk Aleck ine ka lane alee Hotel Mohawk 


Washington and Greene Avenues, Brooklyn, N. Y. 


Denominational Representatives 


Rev. Robert A. Ashworth (Northern Baptist Convention), 45 Bayley 
Avenue, Yonkers, N. Y 
(Alternate for Dr. Lawson) 
Bishop William M. Bell (United Brethren in Christ), 1509 State Street, 
Harrisburg, Pa. 


370 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Rev. William Y. Bell (Colored Methodist Episcopal Church), 218 W. 
130th Street, New York City 

Bishop:*S. C.. Breyfogel (Evangelical - C hurch), 836 Center A verniel 
Reading, bas 

Rey. D. Bruning (Evangelical Synod of N. ay 1300 E. Fayette Street, 
Baltimore, Md. 

Rev. Willard D. Burdick (Seventh Day Baptist Churches), 926 Kenyon 

““ « Avenue, Plainfield, N. J. 

Rev. Crees E. Burton (Congregational Churches), 287 Fourth Avenue, 
New York City 

Bishop James Cannon, Jr. (Methodist Episcopal Church, South), 50 Bliss 

’ Building, Washington, D..C. 

Rev. C. P. Cole (African Methodist Episcopal Church), 50 Putnam ‘“Ave- 
nue, Brooklyn, N. Y. 

(Alternate for Prof. Hawkins) 

Charles S. Crosman (Friends), Brunswick’ Building, 225 Fifth Avenue, 
New York City 

John M. Glenn (Protestant Episcopal Commission on Christian Unity and 
Department of Christian Social Service), 130 E. 22nd Street, New 
York City 

Rev. I. W. Gowen (Reformed Church in America), North Bergen, N. J. 

Rev. Lit H. Hainer (Christian Church), 37 Myrtle Avenue, Irvington, 


at 
Prof. John R. Hawkins (African Methodist Episcopal Church), 1541 
14th Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. 
Rev. R. A. Hutchison (United Presbyterian Church), 703 Publication 
Building, Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Rev. Finis S. Idleman (Disciples of Christ), 142 W. 81st Street, New 
York City 
Rev. Albert G. Lawson (Northern Baptist Convention), Meredith, N. Y. 
Bishop W. L. Lee (African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church), 450 
Quincy Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Rev. Thomas H. Liewia (Methodist Protestant Church), 2844 Wisconsin 
Avenue, Washington, D. C. 
Rev. Rivington D. Lord (Free Baptist Churches), Hotel Mohawk, Wash- 
ington and Greene Avenues, Brooklyn, : 
Rev. Rufus W. Miller (Reformed Church in U. S.), 15th and Race 
Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Rey. Reinhold Niebuhr (Evangelical Synod of N. A.), 2726 Lothrop 
Avenue, Detroit, Mich. 
(Alternate for Dr. Bruning) 
Bishop Robert W. Peach (Reformed Episcopal Church), 271 Parker 
. Street, Newark, N. J. 
Rev. John: Proude (Primitive Methodist Church), 1313 Union Street, 
) Brooklyn, N.Y. 
Ree A. B. Russell (Primitive Methodist Church), Plains, Pa. 
(Alternate for Rev. John Proude) 
Rev. A. Steimle (United Lutheran Church), 174 W. 93rd Street, New 
York City 
(Consultative ) 
Pres. J. Ross Stevenson (Presbyterian Church in the U.S. A.), Prince- 
ton Theological Seminary, Princeton, N. J. 
Rev. Harry E. Stocker (Moravian Church), 331 W. 83rd Street, New 
York City 
Rev. George Summey (Presbyterian Church in the U. S.), 3002 De Soto 
Street, New Orleans, La. 


PERSONNEL ‘OF THE COUNCIL ~= =" 371 


Rev. I. A. Thomas (National Baptist Convention), 1717 Benson Avenue, 
. Evanston, III. 
Pres, Ezra S. Tipple (Methodist Episcopal Church), Drew Theological 
Seminary, Madison, N. J. 
Rev. nae aie (National Baptist Convention), 456 York Street, see! 
ity, N. 
(Alternate for Dr. Thomas) 
Rev. S. G. Yahn (Churches of God), 102 N. 13th Street, gated eal Pa. 


Representatives of Affiliated, Cooperating and Consultative Bodies 


Rey. wines Rae (Home Missions Council), 156 Fifth Avenue, New 
ork City 

Mrs. John Ferguson (Council of Women for Home Missions), 156 Fifth 
Avenue, New York City 

Miss Florence E. Quinlan, 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City 

(Alternate for Mrs. Ferguson) 

Mrs. E. H. Silverthorn (Federation of Woman’s Boards of Foreign Mis- 
sions), 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City 

Miss Ella D. McClaurin, 25 Madison Avenue, New York City (Alternate 
for Mrs. Silverthorn) 

Dr. Robert L. Kelly (Council of Church Boards of Education), 111 Fifth 
Avenue, New York City 

Hugh S. Magill (/nternational Council of Religious Education), 5 S. 
Wabash Avenue, Chicago, IIl. 

Rev. William I. Haven (American Bible Society), Bible House, Astor 
Place, New York City 

David G. Latshaw (National Council of the Young Men’s Christian Asso- 
ciations ), 347 Madison Avenue, New York City 

Miss Mabel Cratty (National Board of the Young Women’s Christian 

! Associations), 600 Lexington Avenue, New York City 

Miss Helen A. Davis, 600 Lexington Avenue, New York City 

(Alternate for Miss Cratty) 
Fennell P. Turner (Committee of Reference and Counsel of the Foreign 
rere i Conference of N. A.), 25 Madison Avenue, New York 
it 

Rev. S. G. Inman (Committee on Cooperation in Latin America), 25 
Madison Avenue, New York City 

Robert P. Wilder (Student Volunteer Movement), 25 Madison Avenue, 
New York City 


Members at Large 


Marais) Saitdlenys vackk dee TPemniyye ohs 25 E. 22nd Street, New York City 
ARTES WVITIELN « 1.412) cs eahereiegt diele'o wise 1 W. 67th Street, New York City 
OMe Ua LOW INO iil Soulalady we seve bin Mies 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Rey, tiowatd B. Grose is 523. ee 276 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Miss Carrie Kershner. :...°.... 15th and Race Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Rev. Frederick. Lynch................70 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Rev. John A. Marquis.............-. 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Hon: )-Garl? BiMilliken:izew 2. seek 2001. Custom House, Portland, Me. 
Rev. JohntM ys Moore..)) a... - ...29 Macon Stréet, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Rey. Frank Mason North........... 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Dr LRODErER LL ONCer . - in Gs date Sones ees 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Rev. George U. Wenner..........5. 319 E. 19th Street, New York City 


Bishop Luther B. Wilson............ 150: Fifth Avenue, New York City 


372 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES: OF CHRIST 


‘Chairmen of Commissions 


Rev. Alfred Williams Anthony...... 105 E. 22nd Street, New York City 
Rt; Rev? Charles H. Brent. . 030 0'...0.. 237 North Street, Buffalo, N. Y. 
Prof. William Adams Brown.......... Union Theological Seminary, , 

Broadway and 120th Street, New York City 
Bishop George C. Clement..... 1633 W. Jefferson Street, Louisville, Ky. 
Rev. William Horace Day.......... 25 Court Street, Bridgeport, Conn. 
Orrin: Ro Judd sss .2. Columbia Trust Co., 60 Broadway, New York City 
Revi Poaboiknubeli yout Sncegatan ny 437 Fifth Avenue, New York City 
Rev. Paul S. Leinbach......... 15th and Race Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Bishop) Fe.) .; McConnell iy paces 524 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Bishop W. F. McDowell...... 2107 Wyoming Avenue, Washington, D. C. 
BR Oleott a eae ure ant aie Desbrosses Street Pier, New York City 
HTS Buona eon wwe ee arian Wersre 105 E. 22nd Street, New York City 
Rey, James it Vances a 154 Fifth Avenue North, Nashville, Tenn. 


Prof. Luther A. Weigle, 
Divinity School, Yale Tiniversity, New Haven, Conn. 
Hon. George W. Wickersham.......... 40 Wall Street, New York City 


EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF 


Rev. Charles S. Macfarland, General Secretary 

Rev. Samuel McCrea Cavert, General Secretary 

Rev. Sidney L. Gulick, Secretary Commission on International Justice and 
Goodwill 

Rev. yore M. Tippy, Secretary Commission on the Church and Social 

ervice 
Rev. ogee L. Goodell, Secretary Commission on Evangelism and Life 
ervice 

Rey. F. Ernest Johnson, Secretary Department of Research and Education 

Dr. George E. Haynes, Secretary Commission on the Church and Race 
Relations 

Rev. W. W. Alexander, Secretary Commission on the Church and Race 
Relations 

Rev. Carl H. Barnett, Secretary Community Relations Commission on the 
Church and Social Service 

Rev. John W. Herring, Associate Secretary Commission on International 
Justice and Goodwill 

Rey. B. S. Winchester, Secretary Commission on Christian Education 

Caroline W. Chase, Assistant Secretary of the Federal Council of 
Churches 

The above, together with the President of the Council and the Chair- 
man of the Administrative Committee, constitute the Secretarial Council. 


Arthur E. Hungerford, Publicity Adviser 
Ea M. Bell, Office Secretary Commission on Evangelism and Life 
ervice 

Fanny Aurill Bishop, Office Secretary Commission on International Jus- 
tice and Goodwill 

Elinor M. Henry, Secretary to Dr. Tippy, Commission on the Church and 
Social Service 

Edith A. Trotter, Secretary to Mr. Johnson, Department of Research and 
Education 

Calla M. Elferdink, Librarian Department of Research and Education 

Agnes H. Campbell, Research Assistant 

Inez M. Cavert, Research Assistant 


PERSONNEL OF THE COUNCIL 373 


Elizabeth Baker, Research Assistant 

Benson Y. Landis, Research Assistant 

Grace A. Mills, Office Secretary Committee on Goodwill Between Jews 
and Christians 

Antonia Froendt, Assistant to the Secretary Commission on Relations 
with Religious Bodies in Europe 

Olyve L. Jeter, Private Secretary Commission on the Church and Race 
Relations 

Dora M. Barnes, Assistant to Dr. Haynes, Commission on the Church and 
Race Relations 

Lucy Van Hauen, Secretary to Mr. Smith, Commission on Councils of 
Churches 

Aenid A. Sanborn, Secretary to Mr. Cavert 

Genevieve Dayton, Private Secretary 

Marion A. MacKinlay, Assistant to the Treasurer 

Isabel Smock, Assistant to Secretary, Board of Finance and Director of 
the Printing and Publication Department 

Mrs. Leah J. Street, Office Secretary, Washington Office, 937 Woodward 
Building, Washington, D. C. 


CHAIRMEN, VICE-CHAIRMEN AND SECRETARIES OF 
COMMISSIONS AND COMMITTEES 


Washington Committee 
CIR et ee iia a cise Sore cleats viet ie Bishop William F. McDowell 


Western Committee 
CTIAF ONE. an aL aR tines yea) rs alug ymsaih pees ays aOR ..Dean Shailer Mathews 


Commission on Councils of Churches 


TRESS waco oo Lis che LAS) «Rata ncn MAR a ane een Leg aim in lRiatie Fred B. Smith 
NECERTORY MORI Rie te OS Sats wc delle mieten eee eerie aie Harry N. Holmes 


Commission on the Church and Social Service 


OE Te fT PLY Sal) Vet a Be i PETA Sol pre Ul Bishop F. J. McConnell 
PEC UC OSTIOMET c ew aie oir adhia tee UPd hae Betta ..Harold A. Hatch 
PLT OVORM tee aia cte le atc « a'cg wide Renan te el mane tien a's Rev. Worth M. Tippy 
Secretary for Community Relations.............+. Rev. Carl H. Barnett 


Commission on International Justice and Goodwill 


DA AIEEIEYEN, Sal klnses’ ys’ g a. 4: @giahtaie aes wcia twas Hon. George W. Wickersham 
PTACE SU MUST INGIE Sc 6. tks Win unite aoe bth seos ate’ ths Rt. Rev. Charles H. Brent 
POET ESP Mey) th d's mone ty RR pee LE a aie sels Rev. Sidney L. Gulick 
Committee on Relation; with the Orient 
ITI MPCEIB sot silk Orn ietad sabe Matai ats oss Rev. James H. Franklin 
Committee on Mexico 
EP PER. ss. sl ane Re eerie palin is the ..Dr. Henry Goddard Leach 
Committee on Goodwill Between Jews and Christians 
Chairman .......+ eh Uae woe... Rev. Alfred Williams Anthony 
DOCHEIORA.. >. cc Seee aah ere E Oa er arias tes Rev. John W. Herring 


Commission on Evangelism and Life Service 


CHOU re Rees as sec n es WAAAY Soak le Rev. William Horace Day 
ice lc AONE Ge hack bk Sesto meted bhes kok eigen oe Wilfred W. Fry 
CEI CLIP emt RA sa wiescla a teeketareck & Aitie Ribete pe Rev. Charles L. Goodell 


374 FEDERAL COUNCIL OF THE CHURCHES OF CHRIST 


Commission on the Church and Race Relations 


Chatrerain yo ooo ead Siok PAM a kit ..Bishop George C. Clement 

Vite-Chairinan Stee vas oe wae ees see ae Marion M. Jackson 

SEETETITIES Mtoe ke ae Rev. W. W. Alexander, Dr. George E. Haynes 
Commission on Relations with Religious Bodies in Europe 

CRUE Ore te acto eto ne Enel te. UL anteeneany Siar? Rev. James I. Vance 

Bh Ba SE Bishop James Cannon, Jr. 
Vice-C haw TIVE TUS Mies siheceusitel s Uatvelibiisrere:\etavel ate kus Por 1 ville Sloane Coffin 

SEER OREM YING EPA UMNO oa NIRS RRR Oar a a DU Rev. Chauncey W. Goodrich 

ECT ELOTY TN EPO DEM a Uies ern arte et ois aiante tel Bratence ier cheats Rev. Adolf Keller 

Department of Research and Education 

6 Ti SMR HL tire ea madi ie ve Jae I Rev. William Adams Brown 

VACA ROU GOR We. cin bao metab ay CRA RL icte GEAR UBaETe tea Rev. John M. Moore 

IY 1101 as Ma TR OE c tage cali Bene Ne Teh ek RSRel Cle -ohhc Rev. F. Ernest Johnson 

Commission on Christian Education ve 

COTA ENC RN Ole Uk create stale ote hist ae aR Prof. Luther A. Weigle 

hel ste tk ence AU up IELUP EN ar aR a WNIAD PLEMN |i Rev. Benjamin S. Winchester 

Editorial Council of the Religious Press 
CHA MAN) IODINE BREE OE en PE Tn EM aie Rev. Paul S. Leinbach 
LEG Teck OU eg 7184 eM RRM ES STP rai +, adie a0 ac fog ye DN AWE sa Rev. E. C. Wareing 
General Committee on Army and Navy Chaplains 
CHOLMUNONAUI Ss Ries Ste Viaheelyen ataiaks aiatetateta ees Bishop William F. McDowell 
Vice-Ohaarinan Vio ho are eee ele RR oe Rey. Wallace Radcliffe 
Committee on Relations with Eastern Churches 
Chat Hie Oe Be ANE ened: ‘aipaaha he waa Rt. Rev. Charles H. Brent 
Committee on Financial and Fiduciary Matters 
ONT 77171 a. ADAMS EA YA RT Uhm Bp fe Rev. Alfred Williams Anthony 
Committee on Mercy and Relief 
UP TEOUTATTLLTL Vib iat chan altos ake Tatic oh tele phat Oe a aneteae ata oto) Seater nenaten a: Rev. F. H. Knubel 
Board of Finance 
CRAIN GIG AS keals nh c Ae UR LOIN ANSE (al alien kobe = Se tate aie taht oe Orrin R. Judd 


Committee on Religious Work on the Canal Zone 
Chetry tan 8 oki: SEO A Se Spates Signe tied eitha eaa en hatataaes E. E. Olcott 


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